Tawny-shouldered blackbird: Difference between revisions

Tawny-shouldered blackbird
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Icteridae
Genus:	Agelaius
Species:	A. humeralis
Binomial name
	Agelaius humeralis; (Vigors, 1827)
Subspecies
	Agelaius humeralis humeralis ; Agelaius humeralis scopulus
	Range of A. humeralis (note: map is missing distribution in the Dominican Republic)

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The tawny-shouldered blackbird (Agelaius humeralis) is a species of bird in the family Icteridae. It is found in Cuba and Hispaniola (split between the Dominican Republic and Haiti). It is a vagrant in the United States (to the Florida Keys).

Description

Measuring 20 cm (7.9 in) long, this highly social species is entirely black, save for the namesake brown-orange patch at the shoulder. The patch may not be visible when the wings are folded.^[2]

Taxonomy

Two subspecies are described:^[3]

A. h. humeralis – (Vigors, 1827): nominate, found in Cuba and Hispaniola
A. h. scopulus – Garrido, 1970: found on Cayo Cantiles (east of Isla de la Juventud off southwestern Cuba)

Breeding

They breed from April to August, laying 3–4 greenish-white eggs spotted with brown in a cup-shaped nest that is lined with soft materials and placed in a tree.^[2]

Diet and habitat

Tawny-shouldered blackbirds eat insects, seeds, nectar, fruit, and small lizards.^[2] Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, pastureland, and heavily degraded former forest.

References

^ BirdLife International (2018). "Agelaius humeralis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22724206A132028704. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22724206A132028704.en. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c Garrido, Orlando H.; Kirkconnell, Arturo (2000). Field Guide to the Birds of Cuba. Ithaca, NY: Comstock, Cornell University Press. pp. 219–220. ISBN 978-0-8014-8631-9.
^ Gill, F.; Donsker, D., eds. (2014). "IOC World Bird List". IOC World Bird List (V 4.2). doi:10.14344/IOC.ML.4.2.

External links

BirdLife species factsheet for Agelaius humeralis
"Agelaius humeralis". Avibase.
"Tawny-shouldered blackbird media". Internet Bird Collection.
Tawny-shouldered blackbird photo gallery at VIREO (Drexel University)
Tawny-shouldered blackbird species account at Neotropical Birds (Cornell Lab of Ornithology)
Audio recordings of Tawny-shouldered blackbird on Xeno-canto.

This Icteridae-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[iucn_status_13_November_2021-1] BirdLife International (2018). "Agelaius humeralis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22724206A132028704. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22724206A132028704.en. Retrieved 13 November 2021.

[BofCuba-2] Garrido, Orlando H.; Kirkconnell, Arturo (2000). Field Guide to the Birds of Cuba. Ithaca, NY: Comstock, Cornell University Press. pp. 219–220. ISBN 978-0-8014-8631-9.

[IOC-3] Gill, F.; Donsker, D., eds. (2014). "IOC World Bird List". IOC World Bird List (V 4.2). doi:10.14344/IOC.ML.4.2.

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[2]

[3]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Species of bird}}
 {{Speciesbox
 | image = Agelaius humeralis, Holguin, Cuba.jpg
 | status = LC
 | status_system = IUCN3.1
-| status_ref = <ref>{{cite iucn|url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/details/22724206/0 |title=''Agelaius humeralis'' |author=BirdLife International |author-link=BirdLife International |year=2012 |access-date=26 November 2013|ref=harv}}</ref>
+| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 13 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International |date=2018 |title=''Agelaius humeralis'' |volume=2018 |page=e.T22724206A132028704 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22724206A132028704.en |access-date=13 November 2021}}</ref>
 | genus = Agelaius
 | species = humeralis
@@ Line 11: / Line 12: @@
 | synonyms =
 | range_map = Agelaius_humeralis_map.svg
-| range_map_caption = Range of ''A. humeralis''
+| range_map_caption = Range of ''A. humeralis'' (note: map is missing distribution in the Dominican Republic)
 }}
-The '''tawny-shouldered blackbird''' (''Agelaius humeralis'') is a species of [[bird]] in the family [[Icteridae]]. It is found in [[Cuba]], the [[Cayman Islands]], and [[Hispaniola]] ([[Dominican Republic]] and [[Haiti]]). It is a vagrant in the United States, to the [[Florida Keys]].
+The '''tawny-shouldered blackbird''' ('''''Agelaius humeralis''''') is a species of [[bird]] in the family [[Icteridae]]. It is found in [[Cuba]] and [[Hispaniola]] (split between the [[Dominican Republic]] and [[Haiti]]). It is a vagrant in the United States (to the [[Florida Keys]]).
 ==Description==
@@ Line 22: / Line 23: @@
 ==Taxonomy==
 Two subspecies are described:<ref name=IOC/>
-* ''A. h. humeralis'' – <small>(Vigors, 1827)</small>: [[Nominate subspecies#Nominotypical subspecies and subspecies autonyms|nominate]], found in Cuba and Hispaniola (Dominican Republic and Haiti)
+* ''A. h. humeralis'' – <small>(Vigors, 1827)</small>: [[Nominate subspecies#Nominotypical subspecies and subspecies autonyms|nominate]], found in Cuba and Hispaniola
 * ''A. h. scopulus'' – <small>Garrido, 1970</small>: found on Cayo Cantiles (east of [[Isla de la Juventud]] off southwestern Cuba)
@@ Line 50: / Line 51: @@
 {{Taxonbar|from=Q890897}}
-{{DEFAULTSORT:blackbird, tawny-shouldered}}
 [[Category:Agelaius|tawny-shouldered blackbird]]
 [[Category:Endemic birds of the Caribbean]]
-[[Category:Birds of Hispaniola]]
 [[Category:Birds of Cuba]]
 [[Category:Birds of the Dominican Republic]]