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{{Short description|Roman noble and consul (died 205)}}
{{no footnotes}}
'''Marcus Peducaeus Plautius Quintillus''' (died 205) was a Roman noble closely related by birth, adoption, and marriage to the [[Nerva-Antonine dynasty|Nerva-Antonine]] emperors. Through his marriage to [[Fadilla]], the daughter of Emperor [[Marcus Aurelius]] and Empress [[Faustina the Younger]], he became the brother-in-law to the future emperor, [[Commodus]].<ref>[[Anthony Richard Birley]], ''Marcus Aurelius'', revised edition (New York: Barnes & Noble, 1999), p. 182</ref> Despite his position, he never became emperor himself. After Commodus was assassinated in 192, he fell out of favor with [[Septimus Severus]] during the [[Year of the Five Emperors]]. In 205, he killed himself after Septimus issued an order for his execution.
'''Marcus Peducaeus Plautius Quintillus''' (d. 205) was a two-time [[Roman consul|consul]] of the [[Roman Empire]], in 177 with the future emperor [[Commodus]] as his colleague, and once again with Commodus at an unknown date.


==Family==
==Early life==
Plautius was born and raised in [[Rome]]. He was the son of the consul [[Plautius Quintillus]] and noblewoman [[Ceionia Fabia]]. At some point, Plautius was adopted as the heir of Marcus Peducaeus Stologa Priscinus, who was consul in 141. He is known to history by his adoptive name, and his birth name is unknown. Through his adopted father, as well as his natural father and mother, he could claim descent from families of the highest nobility.
Plautius was the son of [[Ceionia Fabia]], the daughter of [[Lucius Aelius]], the first adoptive heir of [[Hadrian]] who had died before ascending to the throne; his birth father is believed to be [[Plautius Quintillus]], consul in 159. At some point, he was [[Adoption in ancient Rome|adopted]] as the heir of [[Marcus Peducaeus Stloga Priscinus]], consul in 141.<ref>Olli Salomies, ''Adoptive and Polyonymous Nomenclature in the Roman Empire'' (Helsinki: Societas Scientiarum Fennica, 1992), p. 101</ref> Through his adopted father, as well as his natural father and mother, he could claim descent from families of the highest nobility.


==Antonine era==
Plautius’ paternal grandfather could have been the consul and possible Roman priest Lucius Titius Epidius Aquilinus, and his paternal uncle could have been the consul Lucius Titius Plautius Aquilinus. Plautius’ maternal uncle was the Roman Emperor [[Lucius Verus]], who co-ruled with [[Marcus Aurelius]] from 161 to 169, his maternal aunt-in-marriage was the Roman Empress [[Lucilla]] and his maternal grandparents was [[Lucius Aelius]] Verus Caesar, the first adopted heir of [[Roman Emperor]] [[Hadrian]] and the well connected noblewoman [[Avidia Plautia]].
When Plautius married Annia Aurelia Fadilla, he became son-in-law to Marcus Aurelius and brother-in-law to Commodus. They had two children: a son, (Plautius) Quintillus, and a daughter, Plautia Servilla. In 177, Plautius served as [[Roman consul|ordinary consul]] as the colleague of Commodus, and then again with Commodus at an unknown date in his reign (180-192). Plautius was also an [[Augur]]. When Marcus Aurelius died in 180, Commodus succeeded him, and Plautius was one of his main advisers.


==Year of the Five Emperors==
During the reign of Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius (161-180), Plautius married Annia Aurelia [[Fadilla]], one of the daughters of Marcus Aurelius and his wife [[Faustina the Younger]]. Fadilla bore Plautius two children: a son (Plautius) Quintillus and a daughter Plautia Servilla.
After the assassination of Commodus, in December 192, the civil war that ensued saw five different men assume the throne; Plautius was not one of them. When [[Septimus Severus]], the victor of the civil war, advanced on Rome, [[Didius Julianus]] proposed that the Senate and the [[Vestal Virgins]] meet Severus' advancing army as supplicants, a proposal Plautius intervened forcefully against.<ref name=Birley-165>Anthony Richard Birley, ''Septimius Severus: the African emperor'', second edition (London: Routledge, 1999), p. 165</ref>


Plautius afterwards retired to his country villa. In 205, he was the target of a ''[[delator]]'' or informer, and Septimus ordered his execution. When he heard of the order, Plautius called for his funeral shroud. "What is this?" Plautius asked, observing how tattered it had become with age, "we are late!" Then preparing to take his own life, he burned incense before uttering his last words: "I make the same prayer that [[Lucius Julius Ursus Servianus|Servianus]] made for [[Hadrian]]" &mdash; that is, that Severus would one day wish to die, but would be unable to.<ref name=Birley-165/> It is unknown whether Fadilla was still alive then.
==Political career==
In 177, Plautius served as consul with his brother-in-law the future Roman Emperor [[Commodus]] and then again with Commodus at an unknown date in his reign 180-192. He was also an [[Augur]]. When Marcus Aurelius died in 180, Fadilla’s brother Commodus succeeded her father as Emperor. Plautius was one of Commodus’ main advisers.


{{Nerva-Antonine family tree|state=collapsed}}
When Commodus was assassinated in December 192, Plautius was ignored as a potential successor as Roman Emperor and [[Pertinax]] briefly assumed the Roman throne. After the murder of Pertinax in 193, [[Didius Julianus]] briefly became Roman Emperor with Lucius [[Septimius Severus]] becoming his rival to becoming Roman Emperor.


== References ==
Plautius was against Didius Julianus’ proposal in meeting Septimius Severus’ advancing army as suppliants. When Didius Julianus was murdered, Lucius Septimius Severus became the new Roman Emperor and founded a new Roman Imperial Dynasty. Plautius was living at his country estate continuing his duties as a Roman Senator. In 205, Septimius Severus ordered Plautius’ execution and Plautius committed suicide. It is unknown whether Fadilla was still alive then.
{{Reflist}}


==Sources==
==Sources==
⚫
* Albino Garzetti, ''From Tiberius to the Antonines: a history of the Roman Empire AD 14-192'' (1974)
* Septimius Severus: the African emperor, by Anthony Richard Birley Edition: 2 - 1999
* Alan K. Bowman, Peter Garnsey, Dominic Rathbone, ''The Cambridge ancient history'', Volume 11, second edition (2000)
⚫
* From Tiberius to the Antonines: a history of the Roman Empire AD 14-192, by Albino Garzetti, 1974
* [https://www.livius.org/articles/person/fadilla/ Livius article on Fadilla]
* The Cambridge ancient history, Volume 11 By Alan K. Bowman, Peter Garnsey, Dominic Rathbone Limited preview - Edition: 2 - Item notes: v. 11 – 2000
* Marcus Aurelius, by Anthony Richard Birley, Routledge, 2000
* http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plautius_Quintillus
* http://www.livius.org/di-dn/divi_fratres/fadilla.html
* http://img249.imageshack.us/img249/6756/gensadoptengbf2.swf


<BR>
{{S-start}}
{{S-start}}
{{s-off}}
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef | before= [[Titus Pomponius Proculus Vitrasius Pollio]] ,<br/> [[Marcus Flavius Aper]]}}
{{s-bef | before = [[Titus Pomponius Proculus Vitrasius Pollio]] II | before2 = [[Marcus Flavius Aper]] II}}
{{s-ttl |title = [[List of Roman Consuls|Consul]] of the [[Roman Empire]] |years=177|regent1= [[Commodus]]}}
{{s-ttl | title = [[List of Roman Consuls|Consul]] of the [[Roman Empire]] | years = 177 | regent1 = [[Commodus]]}}
{{s-aft | after= [[Servius Cornelius Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus (consul 178)|Servius Cornelius Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus]],<br/> [[Decimus Velius Rufus]]}}
{{s-aft | after = [[Servius Cornelius Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus (consul 178)|Servius Cornelius Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus]] | after2 = [[Decimus Velius Rufus]]}}
{{s-end}}
{{s-end}}


{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME = Plautius Quintillus, Marcus Peducaeus
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Roman consul
| DATE OF BIRTH =
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = 205
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Plautius Quintillus, Marcus Peducaeus}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Plautius Quintillus, Marcus Peducaeus}}
[[Category:2nd-century births]]
[[Category:2nd-century births]]
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[[Category:2nd-century Romans]]
[[Category:2nd-century Romans]]
[[Category:3rd-century Romans]]
[[Category:3rd-century Romans]]
[[Category:Peducaei]]
[[Category:Plautii]]
[[Category:Nerva–Antonine dynasty]]
[[Category:Ancient Roman politicians who died by suicide]]
[[Category:Politicians from Rome]]
[[Category:Ancient Roman adoptees]]

Latest revision as of 22:27, 25 June 2023

Marcus Peducaeus Plautius Quintillus (died 205) was a Roman noble closely related by birth, adoption, and marriage to the Nerva-Antonine emperors. Through his marriage to Fadilla, the daughter of Emperor Marcus Aurelius and Empress Faustina the Younger, he became the brother-in-law to the future emperor, Commodus.[1] Despite his position, he never became emperor himself. After Commodus was assassinated in 192, he fell out of favor with Septimus Severus during the Year of the Five Emperors. In 205, he killed himself after Septimus issued an order for his execution.

Early life

[edit]

Plautius was the son of Ceionia Fabia, the daughter of Lucius Aelius, the first adoptive heir of Hadrian who had died before ascending to the throne; his birth father is believed to be Plautius Quintillus, consul in 159. At some point, he was adopted as the heir of Marcus Peducaeus Stloga Priscinus, consul in 141.[2] Through his adopted father, as well as his natural father and mother, he could claim descent from families of the highest nobility.

Antonine era

[edit]

When Plautius married Annia Aurelia Fadilla, he became son-in-law to Marcus Aurelius and brother-in-law to Commodus. They had two children: a son, (Plautius) Quintillus, and a daughter, Plautia Servilla. In 177, Plautius served as ordinary consul as the colleague of Commodus, and then again with Commodus at an unknown date in his reign (180-192). Plautius was also an Augur. When Marcus Aurelius died in 180, Commodus succeeded him, and Plautius was one of his main advisers.

Year of the Five Emperors

[edit]

After the assassination of Commodus, in December 192, the civil war that ensued saw five different men assume the throne; Plautius was not one of them. When Septimus Severus, the victor of the civil war, advanced on Rome, Didius Julianus proposed that the Senate and the Vestal Virgins meet Severus' advancing army as supplicants, a proposal Plautius intervened forcefully against.[3]

Plautius afterwards retired to his country villa. In 205, he was the target of a delator or informer, and Septimus ordered his execution. When he heard of the order, Plautius called for his funeral shroud. "What is this?" Plautius asked, observing how tattered it had become with age, "we are late!" Then preparing to take his own life, he burned incense before uttering his last words: "I make the same prayer that Servianus made for Hadrian" — that is, that Severus would one day wish to die, but would be unable to.[3] It is unknown whether Fadilla was still alive then.

Nerva–Antonine family tree

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Anthony Richard Birley, Marcus Aurelius, revised edition (New York: Barnes & Noble, 1999), p. 182
  2. ^ Olli Salomies, Adoptive and Polyonymous Nomenclature in the Roman Empire (Helsinki: Societas Scientiarum Fennica, 1992), p. 101
  3. ^ a b Anthony Richard Birley, Septimius Severus: the African emperor, second edition (London: Routledge, 1999), p. 165

Sources

[edit]
  • Albino Garzetti, From Tiberius to the Antonines: a history of the Roman Empire AD 14-192 (1974)
  • Alan K. Bowman, Peter Garnsey, Dominic Rathbone, The Cambridge ancient history, Volume 11, second edition (2000)
  • Livius article on Fadilla
Political offices
Preceded by Consul of the Roman Empire
177
with Commodus 		Succeeded by
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