Segontiaci: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Tribe of Iron Age Britain}} |
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| ⚫ | The '''Segontiaci''' were a tribe of [[British Iron Age|Iron Age Britain]] |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}} |
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| ⚫ | The '''Segontiaci''' were a tribe of [[British Iron Age|Iron Age Britain]] in the first century BCE. They are known only from a brief mention in the writings of [[Julius Caesar]].<ref>[[Julius Caesar]], ''[[Commentarii de Bello Gallico]]'' [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?lookup=Caes.+Gal.+5.21 5.21]</ref> They may have been one of the four tribes of Kent, represented in Caesar by references to the "four kings of that region" and in the archaeological record by distinct pottery assemblages.<ref>[[Barry Cunliffe]], ''Iron Age Communities in Britain'', fourth edition, Routledge, 2005.</ref> |
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During Julius Caesar's second invasion of Britain in 54 BCE, following Caesar's military success and restoration of King [[Mandubracius]] to power over the [[Trinovantes]], opposition to the Romans coalesced around the figure of [[Cassivellaunus]] which led to divided loyalties among the Britons, as Caesar records. Emissaries of five British tribes, including the Segontiaci (the others being the [[Ancalites]], the [[Bibroci]], the [[Cenimagni]] and the [[Cassi]]), arrived at the Roman camp to treat for peace, and agreed to reveal details of Cassivellaunus' stronghold. Caesar besieged him there and brought him to terms. When Caesar left Britain he took [[hostage]]s from the Britons, although which tribes were compelled to give any is not specified.<ref>[[Julius Caesar]], ''[[Commentarii de Bello Gallico]]'' [[s:Commentaries on the Gallic War/Book 5#17|5.17-23]]</ref> |
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''Segontiaci'' means "people of the place of strength". There was a later Roman fort in north [[Wales]] called [[Segontium Roman Fort|Segontium]], but it is probably not the place referred to in the tribal name. [[Brittonic]] *seg-ontio-n meant "strong place", and might easily arise independently in different areas.<ref>Ranko Matasović. "sego-" in: Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2015. Brill Online. February 8, 2015. http://iedo.brillonline.nl/dictionaries/lemma.html?id=17113 </ref> |
''Segontiaci'' means "people of the place of strength". There was a later Roman fort in north [[Wales]] called [[Segontium Roman Fort|Segontium]], but it is probably not the place referred to in the tribal name. [[Brittonic languages|Brittonic]] *seg-ontio-n meant "strong place", and might easily arise independently in different areas.<ref>Ranko Matasović. "sego-" in: Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2015. Brill Online. February 8, 2015. http://iedo.brillonline.nl/dictionaries/lemma.html?id=17113{{dead link|date=May 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |
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==See also== |
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* [[Iron Age tribes in Britain]] |
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* [[Cantiaci]] |
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* [[Segontium Roman Fort|Segontium]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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*[http://www.roman-britain. |
*[http://www.roman-britain.co.uk/tribes/segontiaci/ Segontiaci] and [http://www.roman-britain.co.uk/places/segontium/ Segontium] at [http://www.roman-britain.co.uk/ Roman-Britain.co.uk] |
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[[Category:Britons]] |
[[Category:Celtic Britons]] |
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[[Category:Tribes involved in Caesar's invasions of Britain]] |
[[Category:Tribes involved in Julius Caesar's invasions of Britain]] |
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[[Category:Historical Celtic peoples]] |
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Latest revision as of 01:30, 30 June 2023
The Segontiaci were a tribe of Iron Age Britain in the first century BCE. They are known only from a brief mention in the writings of Julius Caesar.[1] They may have been one of the four tribes of Kent, represented in Caesar by references to the "four kings of that region" and in the archaeological record by distinct pottery assemblages.[2]
During Julius Caesar's second invasion of Britain in 54 BCE, following Caesar's military success and restoration of King Mandubracius to power over the Trinovantes, opposition to the Romans coalesced around the figure of Cassivellaunus which led to divided loyalties among the Britons, as Caesar records. Emissaries of five British tribes, including the Segontiaci (the others being the Ancalites, the Bibroci, the Cenimagni and the Cassi), arrived at the Roman camp to treat for peace, and agreed to reveal details of Cassivellaunus' stronghold. Caesar besieged him there and brought him to terms. When Caesar left Britain he took hostages from the Britons, although which tribes were compelled to give any is not specified.[3]
Segontiaci means "people of the place of strength". There was a later Roman fort in north Wales called Segontium, but it is probably not the place referred to in the tribal name. Brittonic *seg-ontio-n meant "strong place", and might easily arise independently in different areas.[4]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 5.21
- ^ Barry Cunliffe, Iron Age Communities in Britain, fourth edition, Routledge, 2005.
- ^ Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 5.17-23
- ^ Ranko Matasović. "sego-" in: Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic. Indo-European Etymological Dictionaries Online. Edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Brill, 2015. Brill Online. February 8, 2015. http://iedo.brillonline.nl/dictionaries/lemma.html?id=17113[permanent dead link]