Ernest Esclangon: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|French astronomer and mathematician}} |
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[[File:Esclangon.jpg|thumb| |
[[File:Esclangon.jpg|thumb|{{center|Ernest Esclangon, |
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by [[Paul Helbronner]], 1930.]] |
by [[Paul Helbronner]], 1930.}}]] |
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'''Ernest Benjamin Esclangon''' (17 March 1876 – 28 January 1954) was a French [[astronomer]] and mathematician. |
'''Ernest Benjamin Esclangon''' (17 March 1876 – 28 January 1954) was a French [[astronomer]] and [[mathematician]]. |
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Born in [[Mison]], Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, in 1895 he started to study mathematics at the [[École Normale Supérieure]], graduating in 1898. Looking for some means of financial support while he completed his doctorate on [[quasi-periodic function]]s, he took a post at the [[Bordeaux Observatory]], teaching some mathematics at the [[University of Bordeaux|university]]. |
Born in [[Mison]], Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, in 1895 he started to study mathematics at the [[École Normale Supérieure]], graduating in 1898. Looking for some means of financial support while he completed his doctorate on [[quasi-periodic function]]s, he took a post at the [[Bordeaux Observatory]], teaching some mathematics at the [[University of Bordeaux|university]]. |
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After the [[armistice]] in 1919,<ref>{{cite book |title=The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers |last=Hockey |first=Thomas |year=2009 |publisher=[[Springer Publishing]] |isbn=978-0-387-31022-0 |accessdate=22 August 2012 |url=http://www.springerreference.com/docs/html/chapterdbid/58426.html}}</ref> Esclangon became director of the [[Strasbourg Observatory]] and professor of astronomy at the [[University of Strasbourg|university]] the following year. In 1929, he was appointed director of the [[Paris Observatory]] and of the [[International Time Bureau]], and elected to the [[Bureau des Longitudes]] in 1932. He is perhaps best remembered for initiating in 1933 the first ''[[speaking clock]]'' service, reportedly to relieve the observatory staff from the numerous telephone calls requesting the exact time. He was elected to the [[Académie des Sciences]] in 1939. |
After the [[armistice]] in 1919,<ref>{{cite book |title=The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers |last=Hockey |first=Thomas |year=2009 |publisher=[[Springer Publishing]] |isbn=978-0-387-31022-0 |accessdate=22 August 2012 |url=http://www.springerreference.com/docs/html/chapterdbid/58426.html}}</ref> Esclangon became director of the [[Strasbourg Observatory]] and professor of astronomy at the [[University of Strasbourg|university]] the following year. In 1929, he was appointed director of the [[Paris Observatory]] and of the [[International Time Bureau]], and elected to the [[Bureau des Longitudes]] in 1932. He is perhaps best remembered for initiating in 1933 the first ''[[speaking clock]]'' service, reportedly to relieve the observatory staff from the numerous telephone calls requesting the exact time. He was elected to the [[Académie des Sciences]] in 1939. |
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Esclangon was the President of the [[Société astronomique de France|Société astronomique de France (SAF)]], the French astronomical society, from |
Esclangon was the President of the [[Société astronomique de France|Société astronomique de France (SAF)]], the French astronomical society, from 1933–1935.<ref name=BSAF1937>[http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k96721072/f536.item''Bulletin de la Société astronomique de France'', November 1937, plates X–IX]</ref> In 1935, he received the [[Prix Jules Janssen]], the society's highest award. |
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Serving as director of the Paris Observatory throughout [[World War II]] and the [[France during World War II|German occupation of Paris]], he retired in 1944. He died in [[Eyrenville]], France. |
Serving as director of the Paris Observatory throughout [[World War II]] and the [[France during World War II|German occupation of Paris]], he retired in 1944. He died in [[Eyrenville]], France. |
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The lunar crater [[Esclangon (crater)|Esclangon]] is named after him. |
The lunar crater [[Esclangon (crater)|Esclangon]] is named after him. |
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His doctoral students include [[Daniel Barbier]], [[Édmée Chandon]], [[Louis Couffignal]], [[André-Louis Danjon]], and [[Nicolas Stoyko]].<ref>{{MathGenealogy|id=287385|name=Ernest Esclangon}}</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Authority control}} |
{{Authority control}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Esclangon, Ernest}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Esclangon, Ernest}} |
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[[Category:French astronomers]] |
[[Category:20th-century French astronomers]] |
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[[Category:French mathematicians]] |
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[[Category:1876 births]] |
[[Category:1876 births]] |
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[[Category:1954 deaths]] |
[[Category:1954 deaths]] |
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[[Category:Members of the French Academy of Sciences]] |
[[Category:Members of the French Academy of Sciences]] |
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[[Category:École Normale Supérieure alumni]] |
[[Category:École Normale Supérieure alumni]] |
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[[Category:University of Strasbourg |
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Strasbourg]] |
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[[Category:People from Alpes-de-Haute-Provence]] |
[[Category:People from Alpes-de-Haute-Provence]] |
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[[Category:20th-century |
[[Category:20th-century French mathematicians]] |
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[[Category:Presidents of the International Astronomical Union]] |
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[[Category:20th-century French scientists]] |
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Latest revision as of 13:09, 12 July 2023
Ernest Benjamin Esclangon (17 March 1876 – 28 January 1954) was a French astronomer and mathematician.
Born in Mison, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, in 1895 he started to study mathematics at the École Normale Supérieure, graduating in 1898. Looking for some means of financial support while he completed his doctorate on quasi-periodic functions, he took a post at the Bordeaux Observatory, teaching some mathematics at the university.
During World War I, he worked on ballistics and developed a novel method for precisely locating enemy artillery. When a gun is fired, it initiates a spherical shock wave but the projectile also generates a conical wave. By using the sound of distant guns to compare the two waves, Escaglon was able to make accurate predictions of gun locations.
After the armistice in 1919,[1] Esclangon became director of the Strasbourg Observatory and professor of astronomy at the university the following year. In 1929, he was appointed director of the Paris Observatory and of the International Time Bureau, and elected to the Bureau des Longitudes in 1932. He is perhaps best remembered for initiating in 1933 the first speaking clock service, reportedly to relieve the observatory staff from the numerous telephone calls requesting the exact time. He was elected to the Académie des Sciences in 1939.
Esclangon was the President of the Société astronomique de France (SAF), the French astronomical society, from 1933–1935.[2] In 1935, he received the Prix Jules Janssen, the society's highest award.
Serving as director of the Paris Observatory throughout World War II and the German occupation of Paris, he retired in 1944. He died in Eyrenville, France.
The binary asteroid 1509 Esclangona is named after him.
The lunar crater Esclangon is named after him.
His doctoral students include Daniel Barbier, Édmée Chandon, Louis Couffignal, André-Louis Danjon, and Nicolas Stoyko.[3]
References
[edit]- ^ Hockey, Thomas (2009). The Biographical Encyclopedia of Astronomers. Springer Publishing. ISBN 978-0-387-31022-0. Retrieved 22 August 2012.
- ^ Bulletin de la Société astronomique de France, November 1937, plates X–IX
- ^ Ernest Esclangon at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
