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{{Short description|State highway in Erie County, New York, US}}
{{About|the current alignment of NY 390|the former alignment of NY 390 in Seneca County|List of county routes in Seneca County, New York#107}}
{{About|the current alignment of NY 391|the former alignment of NY 391 in Seneca County|New York State Route 391 (1936-1970s)}}
{{Infobox road
{{Infobox road
|state=NY
|state=NY
|type=NY
|type=NY
|route=391
|route=391
|map=NY Route 391 map.svg
|map={{maplink-road|from=New York State Route 391.map}}
|map_custom=yes
|map_notes=Map of the Buffalo area with NY 391 highlighted in red
|map_notes=Map of the Buffalo area with NY 391 highlighted in red
|length_mi=3.62
|length_mi=3.62
|length_ref=<ref name="2008tdr" />
|length_ref=<ref name="2008tdr" />
|established=June&nbsp;1971<ref name="1971request">{{cite report |title=An Application From the State Highway Department of New York for the Relocation of U.S. Route 219 |url=https://grmservices.grmims.com/vsearch/portal/public/na4/aashto/default |publisher=[[American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials]] |access-date=November 10, 2020 |pages=3, 13 |date=1970–1971}}</ref>
|established=early 1970s<ref name="1970log" /><ref name="1973map" />
|direction_a=South
|direction_a=South
|terminus_a={{jct|state=NY|NY|277}} in [[Boston, New York|Boston]]
|terminus_a={{jct|state=NY|NY|277}} in [[Boston, New York|Boston]]
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==Route description==
==Route description==
[[File:NY 391 in Hamburg.JPG|left|thumb|NY&nbsp;391 southbound heading away from US&nbsp;62 in Hamburg]]
[[File:NY 391 in Hamburg.JPG|left|thumb|NY&nbsp;391 southbound heading away from US&nbsp;62 in Hamburg]]
NY&nbsp;391 begins at an intersection with [[New York State Route 277|NY&nbsp;277]] (Herman Hill Road) in [[North Boston, New York|North Boston]], a [[hamlet (New York)|hamlet]] within the town of [[Boston, New York|Boston]]. It heads to the northwest as Boston State Road, passing by suburban homes as it approaches the [[Southern Expressway (New York)|Southern Expressway]] ([[U.S. Route 219 in New York|US&nbsp;219]]). The two highways meet by way of a [[diamond interchange]]. West of the exit, NY&nbsp;391's surroundings become more rural as it enters the [[Hamburg (town), New York|town of Hamburg]], where it passes by open fields and a handful of houses.<ref name="google">{{Google maps |url=https://maps.google.com/maps?sourceid=navclient&ie=UTF-8&rlz=1T4ADBF_enUS232US232&q=from:+Boston+State+Rd/RT-391+%4042.685710,+-78.776680+to:+E+Main+St/RT-391+%4042.715830,+-78.829430&um=1&sa=N&tab=wl |title=overview map of NY 391 |accessdate=March 26, 2008}}</ref>
NY&nbsp;391 begins at an intersection with [[New York State Route 277|NY&nbsp;277]] (Herman Hill Road) in [[North Boston, New York|North Boston]], a [[hamlet (New York)|hamlet]] within the town of [[Boston, New York|Boston]]. It heads to the northwest as Boston State Road, passing by suburban homes as it approaches the [[Southern Expressway (New York)|Southern Expressway]] ([[U.S. Route 219 in New York|US&nbsp;219]]). The two highways meet by way of a [[diamond interchange]]. West of the exit, NY&nbsp;391's surroundings become more rural as it enters the [[Hamburg (town), New York|town of Hamburg]], where it passes by open fields and a handful of houses.<ref name="google">{{Google maps |url=https://maps.google.com/maps?sourceid=navclient&ie=UTF-8&rlz=1T4ADBF_enUS232US232&q=from:+Boston+State+Rd/RT-391+%4042.685710,+-78.776680+to:+E+Main+St/RT-391+%4042.715830,+-78.829430&um=1&sa=N&tab=wl |title=overview map of NY 391 |access-date=March 26, 2008}}</ref>


The route follows Eighteen Mile Creek northwest and west toward the [[Hamburg (village), New York|village of Hamburg]], where the amount of development along the highway increases significantly. At McKinley Parkway (County Route&nbsp;204), NY&nbsp;391 becomes East Main Street and begins to pass through the outskirts of the village. It officially enters Hamburg upon intersecting Sunnyside Drive two blocks to the west. The route continues into the village center, passing by commercial and residential buildings on its way to a [[roundabout]] at Buffalo Street, where it meets [[U.S. Route 62 in New York|US&nbsp;62]]. At this point, NY&nbsp;391 comes to an end while US&nbsp;62 turns west onto Main Street from Buffalo Street.<ref name="google"/>
The route follows Eighteen Mile Creek northwest and west toward the [[Hamburg (village), New York|village of Hamburg]], where the amount of development along the highway increases significantly. At McKinley Parkway (County Route&nbsp;204), NY&nbsp;391 becomes East Main Street and begins to pass through the outskirts of the village. It officially enters Hamburg upon intersecting Sunnyside Drive two blocks to the west. The route continues into the village center, passing by commercial and residential buildings on its way to a [[roundabout]] at Buffalo Street, where it meets [[U.S. Route 62 in New York|US&nbsp;62]]. At this point, NY&nbsp;391 comes to an end while US&nbsp;62 turns west onto Main Street from Buffalo Street.<ref name="google"/>
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What is now NY&nbsp;391 was originally designated as part of [[New York State Route 62 (1930–1932)|NY&nbsp;62]], a highway extending from [[Great Valley, New York|Great Valley]] north to [[Buffalo, New York|Buffalo]], in the [[1930 state highway renumbering (New York)|1930 renumbering of state highways in New York]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Dickinson |first=Leon A. |title=New Signs for State Highways |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 12, 1930 |page=136}}</ref><ref>{{cite map |title=Road Map of New York |year=1930 |publisher=[[Standard Oil Company of New York]] |cartography=[[General Drafting]]}}</ref> [[U.S. Route 62 in New York|US&nbsp;62]] was extended into [[New York (state)|New York]] {{circa|lk=no|1932}}; as a result, all of NY&nbsp;62 south of [[Athol Springs, New York|Athol Springs]] was redesignated as [[New York State Route 75|NY&nbsp;75]] to eliminate numerical duplication with the U.S. Highway.<ref>{{cite map |title=New York |publisher=[[Kendall Refining Company]] |year=1931 |cartography=H.M. Gousha Company}}</ref><ref>{{cite map |title=Texaco Road Map – New York |publisher=[[Texas Oil Company]] |year=1932 |cartography=[[Rand McNally and Company]]}}</ref> [[U.S. Route 219 in New York|US&nbsp;219]] was extended into New York {{circa|lk=no|1935}}, [[overlap (road)|overlap]]ping NY&nbsp;75 between Great Valley and [[Hamburg (village), New York|Hamburg]].<ref>{{cite map |title=Road Map of New York |publisher=Texas Oil Company |year=1934 |cartography=Rand McNally and Company}}</ref><ref>{{cite map |title=Road Map & Historical Guide – New York |publisher=[[Sun Oil Company]] |year=1935 |cartography=Rand McNally and Company}}</ref> The overlap was eliminated by 1940 following the truncation of NY&nbsp;75 to what had been the west end of its overlap with US&nbsp;62 through Hamburg.<ref>{{cite map |title=New York Info-Map |publisher=[[Gulf Oil Company]] |year=1940 |cartography=Rand McNally and Company}}</ref>
What is now NY&nbsp;391 was originally designated as part of [[New York State Route 62 (1930–1932)|NY&nbsp;62]], a highway extending from [[Great Valley, New York|Great Valley]] north to [[Buffalo, New York|Buffalo]], in the [[1930 state highway renumbering (New York)|1930 renumbering of state highways in New York]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Dickinson |first=Leon A. |title=New Signs for State Highways |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 12, 1930 |page=136}}</ref><ref>{{cite map |title=Road Map of New York |year=1930 |publisher=[[Standard Oil Company of New York]] |cartography=[[General Drafting]]}}</ref> [[U.S. Route 62 in New York|US&nbsp;62]] was extended into [[New York (state)|New York]] {{circa|lk=no|1932}}; as a result, all of NY&nbsp;62 south of [[Athol Springs, New York|Athol Springs]] was redesignated as [[New York State Route 75|NY&nbsp;75]] to eliminate numerical duplication with the U.S. Highway.<ref>{{cite map |title=New York |publisher=[[Kendall Refining Company]] |year=1931 |cartography=H.M. Gousha Company}}</ref><ref>{{cite map |title=Texaco Road Map – New York |publisher=[[Texas Oil Company]] |year=1932 |cartography=[[Rand McNally and Company]]}}</ref> [[U.S. Route 219 in New York|US&nbsp;219]] was extended into New York {{circa|lk=no|1935}}, [[overlap (road)|overlap]]ping NY&nbsp;75 between Great Valley and [[Hamburg (village), New York|Hamburg]].<ref>{{cite map |title=Road Map of New York |publisher=Texas Oil Company |year=1934 |cartography=Rand McNally and Company}}</ref><ref>{{cite map |title=Road Map & Historical Guide – New York |publisher=[[Sun Oil Company]] |year=1935 |cartography=Rand McNally and Company}}</ref> The overlap was eliminated by 1940 following the truncation of NY&nbsp;75 to what had been the west end of its overlap with US&nbsp;62 through Hamburg.<ref>{{cite map |title=New York Info-Map |publisher=[[Gulf Oil Company]] |year=1940 |cartography=Rand McNally and Company}}</ref>


In the early 1970s, construction began on the [[Southern Expressway (New York)|Southern Expressway]], a [[limited-access highway]] connecting Buffalo to [[Springville, New York|Springville]]. The first segment of the expressway—between the [[New York State Thruway]] east of [[Lackawanna, New York|Lackawanna]] and [[U.S. Route 20A (New York)|US&nbsp;20A]] west of [[Orchard Park (village), New York|Orchard Park]]—opened to traffic by 1973 as a realignment of US&nbsp;219. In between the end of the expressway and [[North Boston, New York|North Boston]], US&nbsp;219 temporarily overlapped US&nbsp;20A and [[New York State Route 277|NY&nbsp;277]].<ref name="1973map">{{cite map |title=New York |publisher=[[Shell Oil Company]] |cartography=[[H.M. Gousha Company]] |year=1973 |edition=1973}}</ref><ref>{{cite map |title=New York Thruway |publisher=[[New York State Thruway Authority]] |cartography=Rand McNally and Company |year=1971}}</ref> The former routing of US&nbsp;219 from North Boston to Hamburg was redesignated as NY&nbsp;391.<ref name="1970log">{{cite book |url=http://www.greaternyroads.info/pdfs/state70.pdf |title=Official Description of Touring Routes in New York State |date=January 1, 1970 |author=[[State of New York Department of Transportation]] |format=PDF |accessdate=December 16, 2009}}</ref><ref name="1973map" />
In the early 1970s, construction began on the [[Southern Expressway (New York)|Southern Expressway]], a [[limited-access highway]] connecting Buffalo to [[Springville, New York|Springville]]. The first segment of the expressway—between the [[New York State Thruway]] east of [[Lackawanna, New York|Lackawanna]] and [[U.S. Route 20A (New York)|US&nbsp;20A]] west of [[Orchard Park (village), New York|Orchard Park]]—opened to traffic by 1973 as a realignment of US&nbsp;219. In between the end of the expressway and [[North Boston, New York|North Boston]], US&nbsp;219 temporarily overlapped US&nbsp;20A and [[New York State Route 277|NY&nbsp;277]].<ref name="1973map">{{cite map |title=New York |publisher=[[Shell Oil Company]] |cartography=[[H.M. Gousha Company]] |year=1973 |edition=1973}}</ref><ref>{{cite map |title=New York Thruway |publisher=[[New York State Thruway Authority]] |cartography=Rand McNally and Company |year=1971}}</ref> The former routing of US&nbsp;219 from North Boston to Hamburg was redesignated as NY&nbsp;391 in June&nbsp;1971.<ref name="1971request" />


An extension of the freeway south to NY&nbsp;391 near North Boston opened in the mid-1970s, resulting in a slight, temporary truncation of NY&nbsp;391 to the end of the freeway.<ref>{{cite map |title=New York and New Jersey Tourgide<!--sic--> Map |publisher=Gulf Oil Company |cartography=Rand McNally and Company |year=1974}}</ref><ref>{{cite map |title=New York |publisher=[[Exxon]] |year=1977 |edition=1977–78 |cartography=General Drafting}}</ref> Another extension of the expressway south to Springville was completed in the early 1980s. It became part of US&nbsp;219 upon opening; at the same time, NY&nbsp;391 was reextended to NY&nbsp;277 in North Boston.<ref>{{cite map |title=[[I Love New York]] Tourism Map |publisher=[[State of New York]] |cartography=Rand McNally and Company |year=1981}}</ref><ref>{{cite map |publisher=Rand McNally and Company |title=New York |year=1985 |isbn=0-528-91040-X}}</ref> The remainder of US&nbsp;219's former routing south to Springville was transferred to [[Erie County, New York|Erie County]] upon the completion of the Springville–Buffalo segment of the Southern Expressway.<ref>{{cite web |author=[[New York State Legislature]] |url=http://public.leginfo.state.ny.us/menugetf.cgi?COMMONQUERY=LAWS |title=New York State Highway Law § 341 |accessdate=December 16, 2009}}</ref> Originally, NY&nbsp;391 terminated at NY&nbsp;75 in Hamburg, resulting in an extraneous overlap with US&nbsp;62 for two blocks along Main Street. NY&nbsp;391 was truncated to the eastern end of the concurrency {{circa|lk=no|2004}}.<ref name="2004tdr">{{cite web |url=https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/hds-respository/Traffic%20Data%20Report%202004.pdf |title=2004 Traffic Data Report for New York State |format=PDF |page=253 |publisher=New York State Department of Transportation |accessdate=December 16, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/operating/oom/transportation-systems/repository/tour_route_0.pdf |title=Official Description of Highway Touring Routes, Scenic Byways, & Bicycle Routes in New York State |author=New York State Department of Transportation |date=October 2004 |format=PDF |accessdate=December 16, 2009}}</ref>
An extension of the freeway south to NY&nbsp;391 near North Boston opened in the mid-1970s, resulting in a slight, temporary truncation of NY&nbsp;391 to the end of the freeway.<ref>{{cite map |title=New York and New Jersey Tourgide<!--sic--> Map |publisher=Gulf Oil Company |cartography=Rand McNally and Company |year=1974}}</ref><ref>{{cite map |title=New York |publisher=[[Exxon]] |year=1977 |edition=1977–78 |cartography=General Drafting}}</ref> Another extension of the expressway south to Springville was completed in the early 1980s. It became part of US&nbsp;219 upon opening; at the same time, NY&nbsp;391 was reextended to NY&nbsp;277 in North Boston.<ref>{{cite map |title=[[I Love New York]] Tourism Map |publisher=[[State of New York]] |cartography=Rand McNally and Company |year=1981}}</ref><ref>{{cite map |publisher=Rand McNally and Company |title=New York |year=1985 |isbn=0-528-91040-X}}</ref> The remainder of US&nbsp;219's former routing south to Springville was transferred to [[Erie County, New York|Erie County]] upon the completion of the Springville–Buffalo segment of the Southern Expressway.<ref>{{cite web |author=New York State Legislature |author-link=New York State Legislature |url=http://public.leginfo.state.ny.us/menugetf.cgi?COMMONQUERY=LAWS |title=New York State Highway Law § 341 |access-date=December 16, 2009}}</ref> Originally, NY&nbsp;391 terminated at NY&nbsp;75 in Hamburg, resulting in an extraneous overlap with US&nbsp;62 for two blocks along Main Street. NY&nbsp;391 was truncated to the eastern end of the concurrency {{circa|lk=no|2004}}.<ref name="2004tdr">{{cite web |url=https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/hds-respository/Traffic%20Data%20Report%202004.pdf |title=2004 Traffic Data Report for New York State |page=253 |publisher=New York State Department of Transportation |access-date=December 16, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/operating/oom/transportation-systems/repository/tour_route_0.pdf |title=Official Description of Highway Touring Routes, Scenic Byways, & Bicycle Routes in New York State |author=New York State Department of Transportation |date=October 2004 |access-date=December 16, 2009}}</ref>


==Major intersections==
==Major intersections==
{{NYinttop|length_ref=<ref name="2008tdr">{{cite web |url=https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/hds-respository/Traffic%20Data%20Report%202008.pdf |title=2008 Traffic Data Report for New York State |date=June 16, 2009 |format=PDF |page=306 |publisher=[[New York State Department of Transportation]] |accessdate=December 9, 2009}}</ref>|county=Erie}}
{{NYinttop|length_ref=<ref name="2008tdr">{{cite web |url=https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/hds-respository/Traffic%20Data%20Report%202008.pdf |title=2008 Traffic Data Report for New York State |date=June 16, 2009 |page=306 |publisher=[[New York State Department of Transportation]] |access-date=December 9, 2009}}</ref>|county=Erie}}
{{NYint
{{NYint
|location=Boston
|location=Boston
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{{NYint
{{NYint
|mile=0.79
|mile=0.79
|road={{jct|state=NY|US|219|name1=Southern Expressway}}
|road={{jct|state=NY|US|219|name1=Southern Expressway|city1=Buffalo|city2=Springville}}
|notes=Interchange
|notes=Interchange
}}
}}
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==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==

Latest revision as of 18:25, 17 July 2023

This article is about the current alignment of NY 391. For the former alignment of NY 391 in Seneca County, see New York State Route 391 (1936-1970s).
New York State Route 391 marker
New York State Route 391
Map
Map of the Buffalo area with NY 391 highlighted in red
Route information
Maintained by NYSDOT
Length3.62 mi[1] (5.83 km)
ExistedJune 1971[2]–present
Major junctions
South end NY 277 in Boston
Major intersections US 219 in Boston
North end US 62 in Hamburg
Location
CountryUnited States
StateNew York
CountiesErie
Highway system
← NY 390A→ NY 392

New York State Route 391 (NY 391) is a short state highway in Erie County, New York, in the United States. The route is signed as north–south; however, it follows more of a southeast–northwest alignment between NY 277 in the hamlet of North Boston and U.S. Route 62 (US 62) in the village of Hamburg. NY 391 meets the Southern Expressway (US 219) just north of North Boston. Both ends of NY 391 are located in residential areas; however, the middle section of the route passes through more rural areas of the towns of Boston and Hamburg.

The routing of NY 391 has been part of several routes over the years, beginning with NY 62 in 1930. NY 62 was mostly renumbered to NY 75 c. 1932, and all of NY 75 south of Hamburg became concurrent to US 219 when it was extended into New York c. 1935. NY 75 was cut back to Hamburg by 1940, leaving just US 219 on modern NY 391. US 219 was realigned north of North Boston in the early 1970s to follow other routes north to meet the first completed piece of the Southern Expressway near Orchard Park. NY 391 was assigned to US 219's former routing into Hamburg at this time. The route originally ended two blocks to the west at the junction of NY 75 and US 62; however, this extension was eliminated c. 2004.

Route description

[edit]
NY 391 southbound heading away from US 62 in Hamburg

NY 391 begins at an intersection with NY 277 (Herman Hill Road) in North Boston, a hamlet within the town of Boston. It heads to the northwest as Boston State Road, passing by suburban homes as it approaches the Southern Expressway (US 219). The two highways meet by way of a diamond interchange. West of the exit, NY 391's surroundings become more rural as it enters the town of Hamburg, where it passes by open fields and a handful of houses.[3]

The route follows Eighteen Mile Creek northwest and west toward the village of Hamburg, where the amount of development along the highway increases significantly. At McKinley Parkway (County Route 204), NY 391 becomes East Main Street and begins to pass through the outskirts of the village. It officially enters Hamburg upon intersecting Sunnyside Drive two blocks to the west. The route continues into the village center, passing by commercial and residential buildings on its way to a roundabout at Buffalo Street, where it meets US 62. At this point, NY 391 comes to an end while US 62 turns west onto Main Street from Buffalo Street.[3]

History

[edit]
Bronze plaque at the junction of US 62 and NY 391 denoting construction of the highway, dating to 1910

What is now NY 391 was originally designated as part of NY 62, a highway extending from Great Valley north to Buffalo, in the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York.[4][5] US 62 was extended into New York c. 1932; as a result, all of NY 62 south of Athol Springs was redesignated as NY 75 to eliminate numerical duplication with the U.S. Highway.[6][7] US 219 was extended into New York c. 1935, overlapping NY 75 between Great Valley and Hamburg.[8][9] The overlap was eliminated by 1940 following the truncation of NY 75 to what had been the west end of its overlap with US 62 through Hamburg.[10]

In the early 1970s, construction began on the Southern Expressway, a limited-access highway connecting Buffalo to Springville. The first segment of the expressway—between the New York State Thruway east of Lackawanna and US 20A west of Orchard Park—opened to traffic by 1973 as a realignment of US 219. In between the end of the expressway and North Boston, US 219 temporarily overlapped US 20A and NY 277.[11][12] The former routing of US 219 from North Boston to Hamburg was redesignated as NY 391 in June 1971.[2]

An extension of the freeway south to NY 391 near North Boston opened in the mid-1970s, resulting in a slight, temporary truncation of NY 391 to the end of the freeway.[13][14] Another extension of the expressway south to Springville was completed in the early 1980s. It became part of US 219 upon opening; at the same time, NY 391 was reextended to NY 277 in North Boston.[15][16] The remainder of US 219's former routing south to Springville was transferred to Erie County upon the completion of the Springville–Buffalo segment of the Southern Expressway.[17] Originally, NY 391 terminated at NY 75 in Hamburg, resulting in an extraneous overlap with US 62 for two blocks along Main Street. NY 391 was truncated to the eastern end of the concurrency c. 2004.[18][19]

Major intersections

[edit]

The entire route is in Erie County.

Locationmi[1]kmDestinationsNotes
Boston0.000.00
 NY 277 north (Herman Hill Road)		Southern terminus; Hamlet of North Boston; southern terminus of NY 277
0.791.27 US 219 (Southern Expressway) – Buffalo, SpringvilleInterchange
Village of Hamburg3.625.83 US 62 (Main Street / Buffalo Street)Roundabout; northern terminus
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "2008 Traffic Data Report for New York State" (PDF). New York State Department of Transportation. June 16, 2009. p. 306. Retrieved December 9, 2009.
  2. ^ a b An Application From the State Highway Department of New York for the Relocation of U.S. Route 219 (Report). American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. 1970–1971. pp. 3, 13. Retrieved November 10, 2020.
  3. ^ a b "overview map of NY 391" (Map). Google Maps. Retrieved March 26, 2008.
  4. ^ Dickinson, Leon A. (January 12, 1930). "New Signs for State Highways". The New York Times. p. 136.
  5. ^ Road Map of New York (Map). Cartography by General Drafting. Standard Oil Company of New York. 1930.
  6. ^ New York (Map). Cartography by H.M. Gousha Company. Kendall Refining Company. 1931.
  7. ^ Texaco Road Map – New York (Map). Cartography by Rand McNally and Company. Texas Oil Company. 1932.
  8. ^ Road Map of New York (Map). Cartography by Rand McNally and Company. Texas Oil Company. 1934.
  9. ^ Road Map & Historical Guide – New York (Map). Cartography by Rand McNally and Company. Sun Oil Company. 1935.
  10. ^ New York Info-Map (Map). Cartography by Rand McNally and Company. Gulf Oil Company. 1940.
  11. ^ New York (Map) (1973 ed.). Cartography by H.M. Gousha Company. Shell Oil Company. 1973.
  12. ^ New York Thruway (Map). Cartography by Rand McNally and Company. New York State Thruway Authority. 1971.
  13. ^ New York and New Jersey Tourgide Map (Map). Cartography by Rand McNally and Company. Gulf Oil Company. 1974.
  14. ^ New York (Map) (1977–78 ed.). Cartography by General Drafting. Exxon. 1977.
  15. ^ I Love New York Tourism Map (Map). Cartography by Rand McNally and Company. State of New York. 1981.
  16. ^ New York (Map). Rand McNally and Company. 1985. ISBN 0-528-91040-X.
  17. ^ New York State Legislature. "New York State Highway Law § 341". Retrieved December 16, 2009.
  18. ^ "2004 Traffic Data Report for New York State" (PDF). New York State Department of Transportation. p. 253. Retrieved December 16, 2009.
  19. ^ New York State Department of Transportation (October 2004). Official Description of Highway Touring Routes, Scenic Byways, & Bicycle Routes in New York State (PDF). Retrieved December 16, 2009.
[edit]
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