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The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Pamplona, Spain.

Prior to 20th century

74 BC – Pompaelo founded by Romans.^[1]
68 BC – Pamplona rebuilt by Pompey the Great.^[2]
5th century AD – Diocese of Pamplona established.
466 AD – Visigoth Euric in power.^[3]
542 – City taken by Frankish forces of Childebert.^[3]
778 – City sacked by forces of Charlemagne.^[1]
799 – Mutarrif Ier ibn Musa [fr] in power.
806 – Franks in power.
824 – Basque Íñigo Arista becomes King of Pamplona.
907 – City besieged by Moorish forces.^[3]
1124 – Pamplona Cathedral consecrated.^[4]
1138 – City besieged by Castilian forces.^[3]
1231 – San Nicolás church rebuilt.^[5]
1297 – San Cernin church rebuilt.^[5]
1397 – Beginning of construction of Pamplona Cathedral a late Gothic structure.^[2]
1423 – Districts of Navarrería, Saint Sernin, and Saint Nicholas unified.^[1]^[6]
1490 – Printing press in use.^[7]
1512 – City becomes part of Castile.^[1]^[6]
1556 – Hospital de Nuestra Senora de la Misericordia built.^[8]
1569 – Citadel construction begins.^[9]
1716 – Juan de Camargo y Angulo becomes Catholic bishop of Pamplona.
1755 – City Hall rebuilt.
1830 – Taconera [es] park laid out (approximate date).
1836-40 – In the First Carlist War it was held by the Christinos
1839 – Political demonstration.^[6]
1857 – Population: 22,702.^[10]
1875 – Attacked by the Carlists in the Third Carlist War, but not taken.^[2]
1881 – Hotel La Perla in business.
1888 – City expanded by six blocks ("I Ensanche").^[6]
1897 – El Pensamiento Navarro [es] newspaper begins publication.^[11]
1900 – Population: 28,886.^[2]

20th century

1903 – Diario de Navarra newspaper begins publication.^[12]
1915 – City walls partially dismantled; city expanded ("II Ensanche").^[6]
1920
- CA Osasuna football team formed.
- Population: 32,635.^[10]
1922 – Plaza de Toros de Pamplona (bullring) built.
1923 – La Voz de Navarra [es] newspaper begins publication.^[13]
1939 – CD Iruña football club formed.
1940 – CD Oberena football club formed.
1952 – University of Navarra founded.
1956 – Museum of Navarre, Pamplona (museum) opens.^[8]
1958 – CD Pamplona football club formed.
1960 – Population: 97,880.^[10]
1967 – El Sadar Stadium opens.
1970 – Population: 147,168.^[10]
1978 – José María Cirarda Lachiondo becomes Catholic bishop of Pamplona.
1979 – Julián Balduz [es] becomes mayor.^[11]
1982 – Navarra Hoy [es] newspaper begins publication.
1987 – Universidad Pública de Navarra established.
1988 – Euskalerria Irratia [es] radio begins broadcasting.
1990 – Kojón Prieto y los Huajolotes [es] (musical group) formed.
1991 – Population: 191,197.^[10]
1993
- Diário de Notícias newspaper begins publication.
- Fernando Sebastián Aguilar becomes Catholic bishop of Pamplona.
1995
- Democrats' Convergence of Navarre regional political party headquartered in city.^[12]
- Javier Chourraut [es] becomes mayor.
1998 – Pamplona City Transport in operation.^{[citation needed]}
1999 – Yolanda Barcina becomes mayor.
2000 – Festival de Cine de Pamplona [es] begins.

21st century

2003 – BaluArte Auditorium [es] built.
2005 – Punto de Vista International Documentary Film Festival begins.
2007 – Nbici bikeshare program launched.^[14]
2011 – Enrique Maya [es] becomes mayor.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Hourihane 2012.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Britannica 1910.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Ford 1890.
^ Ruiz Amado 1911.
^ ^a ^b Gerli 2013.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "History". Pamplona City Council. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
^ F. J. Norton (1966). Printing in Spain 1501-1520. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-13118-6.
^ ^a ^b Cook, Walter W. S. (1958). "Museum of Navarra, Pamplona". College Art Journal. 18 (1): 72–74. doi:10.2307/773894. JSTOR 773894. S2CID 194591601.
^ Martha Pollak (2010). Cities at War in Early Modern Europe. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-11344-1.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Alterations to the municipalities in the Population Censuses since 1842: Pamplona". Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain). Retrieved 30 November 2014.
^ ^a ^b "Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia" (in Basque). Eusko Ikaskuntza, Euskomedia Fundazioa. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
^ ^a ^b "Spain: Directory". Europa World Year Book. Europa Publications. 2004. ISBN 1857432533.
^ Etayo Zalduendo 2004.
^ "Exploring Bike-Shares In Other Cities". New York Bike Share Project. Storefront for Art and Architecture. Retrieved 30 November 2014.

This article incorporates information from the Spanish Wikipedia.

Bibliography

Abraham Rees (1819), "Pamplona", The Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown
Richard Ford (1890), "Pamplona", Handbook for Travellers in Spain (7th ed.), London: J. Murray, hdl:2027/uva.x001198108
"Pamplona". Spain and Portugal (3rd ed.). Leipsic: Karl Baedeker. 1908. OCLC 1581249.
"Pamplona" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). 1910. p. 662.
Ramón Ruiz Amado [in Spanish] (1911). "Pamplona". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Ernest Hemingway (1926). The Sun Also Rises. (fiction set in Pamplona)
"Pamplona". Satchel Guide to Spain and Portugal. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. 1930. hdl:2027/mdp.39015024367917.
Jesús Etayo Zalduendo [in Spanish] (2004). Navarra, una soberanía secuestrada: historia y periodismo (1923-1931) (in Spanish). Txalaparta. ISBN 978-84-8136-359-3.
Colum Hourihane, ed. (2012). "Pamplona". Grove Encyclopedia of Medieval Art and Architecture. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-539536-5.
E. Michael Gerli, ed. (2013). "Pamplona". Medieval Iberia: An Encyclopedia. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-136-77161-3.

External links

Map of Pamplona, 1943
Europeana. Items related to Pamplona, various dates.
Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Pamplona, various dates

[FOOTNOTEHourihane2012-1] Hourihane 2012.

[FOOTNOTEBritannica1910-2] Britannica 1910.

[FOOTNOTEFord1890-3] Ford 1890.

[FOOTNOTERuiz_Amado1911-4] Ruiz Amado 1911.

[FOOTNOTEGerli2013-5] Gerli 2013.

[CityHistory-6] "History". Pamplona City Council. Retrieved 30 November 2014.

[Norton2010-7] F. J. Norton (1966). Printing in Spain 1501-1520. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-13118-6.

[cook1958-8] Cook, Walter W. S. (1958). "Museum of Navarra, Pamplona". College Art Journal. 18 (1): 72–74. doi:10.2307/773894. JSTOR 773894. S2CID 194591601.

[Pollak2010-9] Martha Pollak (2010). Cities at War in Early Modern Europe. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-11344-1.

[ine-10] "Alterations to the municipalities in the Population Censuses since 1842: Pamplona". Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain). Retrieved 30 November 2014.

[euskomedia-11] "Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia" (in Basque). Eusko Ikaskuntza, Euskomedia Fundazioa. Retrieved 30 November 2014.

[europa2004-12] "Spain: Directory". Europa World Year Book. Europa Publications. 2004. ISBN 1857432533.

[FOOTNOTEEtayo_Zalduendo2004-13] Etayo Zalduendo 2004.

[14] "Exploring Bike-Shares In Other Cities". New York Bike Share Project. Storefront for Art and Architecture. Retrieved 30 November 2014.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 {{History of Spain}}
-* 74 BC - Pompaelo founded by Romans.{{sfn|Hourihane|2012}}
+* 74 BC – Pompaelo founded by Romans.{{sfn|Hourihane|2012}}
-* 68 BC - Pamplona rebuilt by [[Pompey|Pompey the Great]].{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
+* 68 BC – Pamplona rebuilt by [[Pompey|Pompey the Great]].{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
-* 5th century CE - [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Pamplona y Tudela|Diocese of Pamplona]] established.
+* 5th century AD – [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Pamplona y Tudela|Diocese of Pamplona]] established.
-* 466 CE - Visigoth [[Euric]] in power.{{sfn|Ford|1890}}
+* 466 AD – Visigoth [[Euric]] in power.{{sfn|Ford|1890}}
-* 542 - City taken by Frankish forces of [[Childebert I|Childebert]].{{sfn|Ford|1890}}
+* 542 – City taken by Frankish forces of [[Childebert I|Childebert]].{{sfn|Ford|1890}}
-* 778 - City sacked by forces of [[Charlemagne]].{{sfn|Hourihane|2012}}
+* 778 – City sacked by forces of [[Charlemagne]].{{sfn|Hourihane|2012}}
-* 799 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Mutarrif Ier ibn Musa|fr}} in power.
+* 799 – {{Interlanguage link multi|Mutarrif Ier ibn Musa|fr}} in power.
-* 806 - [[Franks]] in power.
+* 806 – [[Franks]] in power.
-* 824 - Basque [[Íñigo Arista of Pamplona|Íñigo Arista]] becomes [[List of Navarrese monarchs|King of Pamplona]].
+* 824 – Basque [[Íñigo Arista of Pamplona|Íñigo Arista]] becomes [[List of Navarrese monarchs|King of Pamplona]].
-* 907 - City besieged by Moorish forces.{{sfn|Ford|1890}}
+* 907 – City besieged by Moorish forces.{{sfn|Ford|1890}}
-* 1124 - [[Pamplona Cathedral]] consecrated.{{sfn|Ruiz Amado|1911}}
+* 1124 – [[Pamplona Cathedral]] consecrated.{{sfn|Ruiz Amado|1911}}
-* 1138 - City besieged by Castilian forces.{{sfn|Ford|1890}}
+* 1138 – City besieged by Castilian forces.{{sfn|Ford|1890}}
-* 1231 - [[San Nicolás (Pamplona)|San Nicolás church]] rebuilt.{{sfn|Gerli|2013}}
+* 1231 – [[San Nicolás (Pamplona)|San Nicolás church]] rebuilt.{{sfn|Gerli|2013}}
-* 1297 - San Cernin church rebuilt.{{sfn|Gerli|2013}}
+* 1297 – San Cernin church rebuilt.{{sfn|Gerli|2013}}
-* 1397 - Beginning of construction of [[Pamplona Cathedral]] a late Gothic structure.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
+* 1397 – Beginning of construction of [[Pamplona Cathedral]] a late Gothic structure.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
-* 1423 - Districts of Navarrería, Saint Sernin, and Saint Nicholas unified.{{sfn|Hourihane|2012}}<ref name=CityHistory>{{cite web |url=http://www.pamplona.es/VerPagina.asp?idPag=67&idioma=5 |title= History |publisher=Pamplona City Council |access-date=30 November 2014 }}</ref>
+* 1423 – Districts of Navarrería, Saint Sernin, and Saint Nicholas unified.{{sfn|Hourihane|2012}}<ref name=CityHistory>{{cite web |url=http://www.pamplona.es/VerPagina.asp?idPag=67&idioma=5 |title= History |publisher=Pamplona City Council |access-date=30 November 2014 }}</ref>
-* 1490 - [[Global spread of the printing press|Printing press]] in use.<ref name="Norton2010">{{cite book|author=F. J. Norton |title=Printing in Spain 1501-1520|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vOY-btAmNokC&pg=PA158 |year= 1966 |publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-13118-6}}</ref>
+* 1490 – [[Global spread of the printing press|Printing press]] in use.<ref name="Norton2010">{{cite book|author=F. J. Norton |title=Printing in Spain 1501-1520|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vOY-btAmNokC&pg=PA158 |year= 1966 |publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-13118-6}}</ref>
-* 1512 - City [[Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre|becomes]] part of [[Crown of Castile|Castile]].{{sfn|Hourihane|2012}}<ref name=CityHistory />
+* 1512 – City [[Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre|becomes]] part of [[Crown of Castile|Castile]].{{sfn|Hourihane|2012}}<ref name=CityHistory />
-* 1556 - Hospital de Nuestra Senora de la Misericordia built.<ref name=cook1958 />
+* 1556 – Hospital de Nuestra Senora de la Misericordia built.<ref name=cook1958 />
-* 1569 - Citadel construction begins.<ref name="Pollak2010">{{cite book|author=Martha Pollak |title=Cities at War in Early Modern Europe |year= 2010|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-11344-1 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=A6NfiUjDFfMC&pg=PA40 }}</ref>
+* 1569 – Citadel construction begins.<ref name="Pollak2010">{{cite book|author=Martha Pollak |title=Cities at War in Early Modern Europe |year= 2010|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-11344-1 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=A6NfiUjDFfMC&pg=PA40 }}</ref>
-* 1716 - [[Juan de Camargo y Angulo]] becomes Catholic [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Pamplona y Tudela|bishop]] of Pamplona.
+* 1716 – [[Juan de Camargo y Angulo]] becomes Catholic [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Pamplona y Tudela|bishop]] of Pamplona.
-* 1755 - City Hall rebuilt.
+* 1755 – City Hall rebuilt.
-* 1830 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Taconera|es}} park laid out (approximate date).
+* 1830 – {{Interlanguage link multi|Taconera|es}} park laid out (approximate date).
-* 1836-40 - In the [[First Carlist War]] it was held by the [[Christinos]]
+* 1836-40 – In the [[First Carlist War]] it was held by the [[Christinos]]
-* 1839 - Political demonstration.<ref name=CityHistory />
+* 1839 – Political demonstration.<ref name=CityHistory />
-* 1857 - Population: 22,702.<ref name=ine />
+* 1857 – Population: 22,702.<ref name=ine />
-* 1875 - Attacked by the [[Carlism|Carlists]] in the [[Third Carlist War]], but not taken.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
+* 1875 – Attacked by the [[Carlism|Carlists]] in the [[Third Carlist War]], but not taken.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
-* 1881 - [[Hotel La Perla]] in business.
+* 1881 – [[Hotel La Perla]] in business.
-* 1888 - City expanded by six blocks ("I Ensanche").<ref name=CityHistory />
+* 1888 – City expanded by six blocks ("I Ensanche").<ref name=CityHistory />
-* 1897 - ''{{Interlanguage link multi|El Pensamiento Navarro|es}}'' newspaper begins publication.<ref name=euskomedia />
+* 1897 – ''{{Interlanguage link multi|El Pensamiento Navarro|es}}'' newspaper begins publication.<ref name=euskomedia />
-* 1900 - Population: 28,886.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
+* 1900 – Population: 28,886.{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
 ==20th century==
-* 1903 - ''[[Diario de Navarra]]'' newspaper begins publication.<ref name=europa2004>{{cite book |title= Europa World Year Book |year=2004 |isbn=1857432533 |publisher=[[Europa Publications]] |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gP_-8rXzQs8C&pg=PA3904 |chapter=Spain: Directory }}</ref>
+* 1903 – ''[[Diario de Navarra]]'' newspaper begins publication.<ref name=europa2004>{{cite book |title= Europa World Year Book |year=2004 |isbn=1857432533 |publisher=[[Europa Publications]] |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gP_-8rXzQs8C&pg=PA3904 |chapter=Spain: Directory }}</ref>
-* 1915 - City walls partially dismantled; city expanded ("II Ensanche").<ref name=CityHistory />
+* 1915 – City walls partially dismantled; city expanded ("II Ensanche").<ref name=CityHistory />
 * 1920
 ** [[CA Osasuna]] football team formed.
 ** Population: 32,635.<ref name=ine />
-* 1922 - [[Plaza de Toros de Pamplona]] (bullring) built.
+* 1922 – [[Plaza de Toros de Pamplona]] (bullring) built.
-* 1923 - ''{{Interlanguage link multi|La Voz de Navarra|es}}'' newspaper begins publication.{{sfn|Etayo Zalduendo|2004}}
+* 1923 – ''{{Interlanguage link multi|La Voz de Navarra|es}}'' newspaper begins publication.{{sfn|Etayo Zalduendo|2004}}
-* 1939 - [[CD Iruña]] football club formed.
+* 1939 – [[CD Iruña]] football club formed.
-* 1940 - [[CD Oberena]] football club formed.
+* 1940 – [[CD Oberena]] football club formed.
-* 1952 - [[University of Navarra]] founded.
+* 1952 – [[University of Navarra]] founded.
-* 1956 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Museo de Navarra|es}} (museum) opens.<ref name="cook1958">{{cite journal|author=Cook|first=Walter W. S.|author-link=Walter William Spencer Cook|year=1958|title=Museum of Navarra, Pamplona|journal=College Art Journal|volume=18|issue=1|pages=72–74|doi=10.2307/773894|jstor=773894}}</ref>
+* 1956 – [[Museum of Navarre, Pamplona]] (museum) opens.<ref name="cook1958">{{cite journal|author=Cook|first=Walter W. S.|author-link=Walter William Spencer Cook|year=1958|title=Museum of Navarra, Pamplona|journal=College Art Journal|volume=18|issue=1|pages=72–74|doi=10.2307/773894|jstor=773894|s2cid=194591601 }}</ref>
-* 1958 - [[CD Pamplona]] football club formed.
+* 1958 – [[CD Pamplona]] football club formed.
-* 1960 - Population: 97,880.<ref name=ine />
+* 1960 – Population: 97,880.<ref name=ine />
-* 1967 - [[El Sadar Stadium]] opens.
+* 1967 – [[El Sadar Stadium]] opens.
-* 1970 - Population: 147,168.<ref name=ine />
+* 1970 – Population: 147,168.<ref name=ine />
-* 1978 - [[José María Cirarda Lachiondo]] becomes Catholic [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Pamplona y Tudela|bishop]] of Pamplona.
+* 1978 – [[José María Cirarda Lachiondo]] becomes Catholic [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Pamplona y Tudela|bishop]] of Pamplona.
-* 1979 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Julián Balduz|es}} becomes mayor.<ref name=euskomedia>{{cite web |url=http://www.euskomedia.org/aunamendi/25509 |title=Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia |publisher=[[:eu:Eusko Ikaskuntza|Eusko Ikaskuntza]], Euskomedia Fundazioa |access-date=30 November 2014 |language=eu}}</ref>
+* 1979 – {{Interlanguage link multi|Julián Balduz|es}} becomes mayor.<ref name=euskomedia>{{cite web |url=http://www.euskomedia.org/aunamendi/25509 |title=Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia |publisher=[[:eu:Eusko Ikaskuntza|Eusko Ikaskuntza]], Euskomedia Fundazioa |access-date=30 November 2014 |language=eu}}</ref>
-* 1982 - ''{{Interlanguage link multi|Navarra Hoy|es}}'' newspaper begins publication.
+* 1982 – ''{{Interlanguage link multi|Navarra Hoy|es}}'' newspaper begins publication.
-* 1987 - [[Universidad Pública de Navarra]] established.
+* 1987 – [[Universidad Pública de Navarra]] established.
-* 1988 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Euskalerria Irratia|es}} radio begins broadcasting.
+* 1988 – {{Interlanguage link multi|Euskalerria Irratia|es}} radio begins broadcasting.
-* 1990 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Kojón Prieto y los Huajolotes|es}} (musical group) formed.
+* 1990 – {{Interlanguage link multi|Kojón Prieto y los Huajolotes|es}} (musical group) formed.
-* 1991 - Population: 191,197.<ref name=ine>{{cite web |url=http://www.ine.es/intercensal/ |access-date= 30 November 2014 |title=Alterations to the municipalities in the Population Censuses since 1842: Pamplona |publisher=[[Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain)]] }}</ref>
+* 1991 – Population: 191,197.<ref name=ine>{{cite web |url=http://www.ine.es/intercensal/ |access-date= 30 November 2014 |title=Alterations to the municipalities in the Population Censuses since 1842: Pamplona |publisher=[[Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain)]] }}</ref>
 * 1993
 ** ''[[Diário de Notícias]]'' newspaper begins publication.
@@ Line 70: / Line 70: @@
 ** [[Democrats' Convergence of Navarre]] regional political party headquartered in city.<ref name=europa2004 />
 ** {{Interlanguage link multi|Javier Chourraut|es}} becomes mayor.
-* 1998 - [[Pamplona City Transport]] in operation.{{Citation needed|date=November 2014}}
+* 1998 – [[Pamplona City Transport]] in operation.{{Citation needed|date=November 2014}}
-* 1999 - [[Yolanda Barcina]] becomes mayor.
+* 1999 – [[Yolanda Barcina]] becomes mayor.
-* 2000 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Festival de Cine de Pamplona|es}} begins.
+* 2000 – {{Interlanguage link multi|Festival de Cine de Pamplona|es}} begins.
 ==21st century==
-* 2003 - {{Interlanguage link multi|BaluArte Auditorium|es|3=Palacio de Congresos y Auditorio de Navarra}} built.
+* 2003 – {{Interlanguage link multi|BaluArte Auditorium|es|3=Palacio de Congresos y Auditorio de Navarra}} built.
-* 2005 - [[Punto de Vista International Documentary Film Festival]] begins.
+* 2005 – [[Punto de Vista International Documentary Film Festival]] begins.
-* 2007 - Nbici bikeshare program launched.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nybikeshare.org/explore/ |title=Exploring Bike-Shares In Other Cities |work=New York Bike Share Project |publisher=[[Storefront for Art and Architecture]] |access-date=30 November 2014 }}</ref>
+* 2007 – Nbici bikeshare program launched.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nybikeshare.org/explore/ |title=Exploring Bike-Shares In Other Cities |work=New York Bike Share Project |publisher=[[Storefront for Art and Architecture]] |access-date=30 November 2014 }}</ref>
-* 2011 - {{Interlanguage link multi|Enrique Maya|es}} becomes mayor.
+* 2011 – {{Interlanguage link multi|Enrique Maya|es}} becomes mayor.
 ==See also==
 * [[Pamplona#History|Pamplona history]]
-* {{Interlanguage link multi|History of Pamplona|es|3=Historia de Pamplona}}
+* [[History of Pamplona]]
 * {{Interlanguage link multi|List of mayors of Pamplona|es|3=Anexo:Alcaldes de Pamplona}}
 * [[List of municipalities in Navarre]]
@@ Line 98: / Line 98: @@
 * {{cite book |publisher = [[List of Baedeker Guides|Karl Baedeker]] |location = Leipsic |title = Spain and Portugal |chapter-url = https://archive.org/stream/spainportugalhan00karlrich#page/210/mode/2up |chapter=Pamplona |date = 1908 |oclc = 1581249 |edition=3rd }}
 * {{Cite EB1911|wstitle= Pamplona |volume= 20 | page = 662 |date=1910 |ref= {{harvid|Britannica|1910}} |short= 1}}
-* {{cite book |title=Catholic Encyclopedia |chapter=Pamplona |author={{Interlanguage link multi|Ramón Ruiz Amado|es}} |title-link=Catholic Encyclopedia |chapter-url= https://archive.org/stream/catholicencyclop11herbuoft#page/437/mode/1up |location=New York |year=1911
+* {{cite book |title=Catholic Encyclopedia |chapter=Pamplona |author=Ramón Ruiz Amado |author-link=:es:Ramón Ruiz Amado |title-link=Catholic Encyclopedia |chapter-url= https://archive.org/stream/catholicencyclop11herbuoft#page/437/mode/1up |location=New York |year=1911
 |ref= {{harvid|Ruiz Amado|1911}}
 }}
 * {{cite book |title=The Sun Also Rises |author=Ernest Hemingway |author-link=Ernest Hemingway |title-link=The Sun Also Rises |year=1926 }} (fiction set in Pamplona)
 * {{cite book |title=Satchel Guide to Spain and Portugal |title-link=Satchel Guide |year=1930 |location=Boston |publisher= Houghton Mifflin |chapter=Pamplona |hdl=2027/mdp.39015024367917?urlappend=%3Bseq=166 |chapter-url= http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015024367917?urlappend=%3Bseq=166 }}
-* {{cite book|author= {{Interlanguage link multi|Jesús Etayo Zalduendo|es}} |title=Navarra, una soberanía secuestrada: historia y periodismo (1923-1931) |year= 2004|publisher=[[Txalaparta (publisher)|Txalaparta]] |isbn=978-84-8136-359-3 |language=es
+* {{cite book|author=Jesús Etayo Zalduendo |author-link=:es:Jesús Etayo Zalduendo |title=Navarra, una soberanía secuestrada: historia y periodismo (1923-1931) |year= 2004|publisher=[[Txalaparta (publisher)|Txalaparta]] |isbn=978-84-8136-359-3 |language=es
 |ref= {{harvid|Etayo Zalduendo|2004}}
 }}