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{{Short description|Family of flies}}
{{Taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Axymyiidae
| parent_authority =
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| display_parents = 2
| phylum = [[Arthropod]]a
| classis = [[Insect]]a
| taxon = Axymyiidae
| authority = [[Raymond Corbett Shannon|Shannon]], 1921
| ordo = [[Fly|Diptera]]
⚫
| subdivision_ranks = Genera and species
| subordo = [[Nematocera]]
⚫
| subdivision = See text
| infraordo = '''Axymyiomorpha'''
|image = Protaxymyia thuja.jpg
| familia = '''Axymyiidae'''
|image_caption = ''[[Protaxymyia thuja]]''
⚫
| subdivision_ranks = Genera & species
⚫
| subdivision =
see text
}}
}}

The [[Nematocera]]n family '''Axymyiidae''' is the sole member of the infraorder '''Axymyiomorpha''', though it is often included within the infraorder [[Bibionomorpha]] in older classifications. It is known from only six species in three genera, plus three fossil species.
The [[Nematocera]]n family '''Axymyiidae''' is the sole member of the infraorder '''Axymyiomorpha''', though it is often included within the infraorder [[Bibionomorpha]] in older classifications. It is known from only nine species in four genera, plus eight fossil species.


==Family characteristics==
==Family characteristics==
For terms see [[Morphology of Diptera]].
{{for|the terms|Morphology of Diptera}}


The Axymyiidae have the general appearance of the [[Bibionidae]]. Unlike bibionids, axymyiids have four branches of the radial vein, Bibionidae have two or three.
The Axymyiidae have the general appearance of the [[Bibionidae]]. Unlike bibionids, axymyiids have four branches of the radial vein, Bibionidae have two or three.


The head is rounded. The eyes of the male are [[holoptic]] for a considerable distance and divided into a larger dorsal part consisting of large facets and (separated by a groove) a smaller ventral part of smaller facets. The eyes of the female are separated by a broad frons and consist of separated facets. The three ocelli are on a prominence. The antennae are short with 14 to 16 transverse segments which are covered with sparse, short hairs. The oral parts are reduced. The palpi are four- to five-segmented.
The head is rounded. The eyes of the male are [[holoptic]] for a considerable distance and divided into a larger dorsal part consisting of large facets and (separated by a groove) a smaller ventral part of smaller facets. The eyes of the female are separated by a broad frons and consist of separated facets. The three ocelli are on a prominence. The antennae are short with 14 to 16 transverse segments which are covered with sparse, short hairs. The oral parts are reduced. The palpi are four- to five-segmented.


Wings have an ocellus. Wing-venation: The subcostal vein merges into the anterior alar margin near its midpoint; radial vein 1 reaches the distal quarter of wings, there usually fused with radial vein 2+3; radial vein 4 is branched proximal to the anterior crossvein of the wing. Median vein 1 and 2 have short trunks. The anal vein does not reach the alar margin.
Wings have an ocellus. Wing-venation: The subcostal vein merges into the anterior alar margin near its midpoint; radial vein 1 reaches the distal quarter of wings, there usually fused with radial vein 2+3; radial vein 4 is branched proximal to the anterior crossvein of the wing. Median vein 1 and 2 have short trunks. The anal vein does not reach the alar margin.


Tibiae slightly longer than femora; but somewhat shorter than tarsi. Empodium and pulvilli well developed.
The tibiae are slightly longer than the femora, but somewhat shorter than the tarsi. The empodium and pulvilli are well developed.


==Biology==
==Biology==
Larvae live in decomposing wood
Larvae live in decomposing wood.



==Genera==
*''[[Axymyia]]'' McAtee 1921
The family contains four extant genera and four extinct genera:<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Fitzgerald|first1=S.J.|last2=Wood|first2=D.M.|year=2014|title=A new species of Axymyiidae (Diptera) from western North America and a key to the Nearctic species|journal=[[Zootaxa]]|volume=3857|issue=1|pages=101–113|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.3857.1.4|pmid=25283098 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Zhang|first=J.|year=2010|title=Two new genera and one new species of Jurassic Axymyiidae (Diptera: Nematocera), with revision and redescription of the extinct taxa|journal=[[Annals of the Entomological Society of America]]|volume=103|issue=4|pages=455–464|doi=10.1603/AN09073|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Sinclair|first=B.J.|year=2013|title=Rediscovered at last: a new enigmatic genus of Axymyiidae (Diptera) from western North America|journal=[[Zootaxa]]|volume=3682|issue=1|pages=143–150|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.3682.1.7|pmid=25243280 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Shi|first1=G.|last2=Zhu|first2=Y.|last3=Shih|first3=C.|last4=Ren|first4=D.|year=2013|title=A new axymyiid genus with two new species from the Middle Jurassic of China (Diptera: Nematocera: Axymyiidae)|journal=Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition)|volume=87|issue=5|pages=1228–1234|doi=10.1111/1755-6724.12123|s2cid=84294698 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Blagoderov|first1=V.A.|last2=Lukashevich|first2=E.D.|year=2013|title=New Axymyiidae (Insecta: Diptera) from the Mesozoic of East Siberia|journal=Polish Journal of Entomology|volume=82|issue=4 |pages=257–271|doi=10.2478/v10200-012-0040-9|doi-access=free}}</ref>
**''[[Axymyia furcata|A. furcata]]'' McAtee 1921
**''[[Axymyia japonica|A. japonica]]'' Ishida 1953
*''[[Axymyia]]'' {{small|McAtee, 1921}}
*''[[Mesaxymyia]]'' Mamaev 1968
**''[[Axymyia furcata]]'' {{small|McAtee, 1921}}
**''[[Mesaxymyia kerteszi|M. kerteszi]]'' (Duda), 1930
*''[[Mesaxymyia]]'' {{small|Mamaev, 1968}}
**''[[Mesaxymyia stackelbergi|M. stackelbergi]]'' Mamaev 1968
**''[[Mesaxymyia kerteszi]]'' {{small|(Duda, 1930)}}
*''[[Protaxymyia]]'' Mamaev & Krivosheina 1966
**''[[Mesaxymyia stackelbergi]]'' {{small|Mamaev, 1968}}
*''[[Plesioaxymyia]]'' {{small|Sinclair, 2013}}
⚫
**''[[Protaxymyia melanoptera|P. melanoptera]]'' Mamaev & Krivosheina 1966
**''[[Plesioaxymyia vespertina]]'' {{small|Sinclair, 2013}}
⚫
**''[[Protaxymyia sinica|P. sinica]]'' Yang 1993
**''[[Protaxymyia taiwanensis|P. taiwanensis]]'' Papp, 2007
*''[[Protaxymyia]]'' {{small|Mamaev & Krivosheina, 1966}}
**''[[Protaxymyia japonica]]'' {{small|(Ishida, 1953)}}
⚫
**''[[Protaxymyia melanoptera]]'' {{small|Mamaev & Krivosheina, 1966}}
⚫
**''[[Protaxymyia sinica]]'' {{small|Yang, 1993}}
**''[[Protaxymyia taiwanensis]]'' {{small|Papp, 2007}}
**''[[Protaxymyia thuja]]'' {{small|Fitzgerald & Wood, 2014}}
*†''[[Juraxymyia]]'' {{small|Zhang, 2010}}
**†''[[Juraxymyia evae]]'' {{small|Blagoderov & Lukashevich, 2013}}
**†''[[Juraxymyia fossilis]]'' {{small|(Zhang, 2004)}}
**†''[[Juraxymyia krzeminskii]]'' {{small|Blagoderov & Lukashevich, 2013}}
*†''[[Psocites]]'' {{small|Hong, 1992}}
**†''[[Psocites pectinatus]]'' {{small|(Hong, 1983)}}
*†''[[Raraxymyia]]'' {{small|Shi ''et al.'', 2013}}
**†''[[Raraxymyia parallela]]'' {{small|Shi ''et al.'', 2013}}
**†''[[Raraxymyia proxima]]'' {{small|Shi ''et al.'', 2013}}
*†''[[Sinaxymyia]]'' {{small|Zhang, 2010}}
**†''[[Sinaxymyia rara]]'' {{small|Zhang, 2010}}
**†''[[Sinaxymyia szadziewskii]]'' {{small|Blagoderov & Lukashevich, 2013}}


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
*Krivosheina, M. G. 2000. A. 2. Family Axymyiidae, pp. 31–39. In L. Papp, and B. Darvas [eds.]. ''Contribution to a Manual of the Palaearctic Diptera'', Appendix. Science Herald, Budapest, Hungary.
*Krivosheina, M. G. 2000. A. 2. Family Axymyiidae, pp.&nbsp;31–39. In L. Papp, and B. Darvas [eds.]. ''Contribution to a Manual of the Palaearctic Diptera'', Appendix. Science Herald, Budapest, Hungary.
*B. M. Mamaev Family Axymyiidae in Bei-Bienko, G. Ya, 1988 ''Keys to the insects of the European Part of the USSR'' Volume 5 (Diptera) Part 2 English edition.
*B. M. Mamaev Family Axymyiidae in Bei-Bienko, G. Ya, 1988 ''Keys to the insects of the European Part of the USSR'' Volume 5 (Diptera) Part 2 English edition.
*Mamaev, B. M. 1968. New nematocerous Diptera of the USSR fauna (Diptera, Axymyiidae, Mycetobiidae, Sciaridae, Cecidomyiidae). ''Entomol. Oboz.'' 47: 605–616.
*Mamaev, B. M. 1968. New nematocerous Diptera of the USSR fauna (Diptera, Axymyiidae, Mycetobiidae, Sciaridae, Cecidomyiidae). ''Entomol. Oboz.'' 47: 605–616.
*Mamaev, B. M., and N. P. Krivosheina. 1966. New data on the taxonomy and biology of Diptera of the family Axymyiidae. ''Entomol. Obozr.'' 45: 168–180.
*Mamaev, B. M., and N. P. Krivosheina. 1966. New data on the taxonomy and biology of Diptera of the family Axymyiidae. ''Entomol. Obozr.'' 45: 168–180.


==External links==
==External links==
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{{Diptera|1}}
{{Diptera|1}}
{{Taxonbar|from1=Q1934068|from2=Q16530523}}


[[Category:Nematocera]]
[[Category:Nematocera families]]
[[Category:Diptera families]]
[[Category:Axymyiomorpha]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Raymond Corbett Shannon]]


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{{fly-stub}}


⚫
{{Nematocera-stub}}
{{Wikispecies|Axymyiidae}}

Latest revision as of 23:22, 21 July 2023

Axymyiidae
Protaxymyia thuja
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Diptera
Suborder: Nematocera
Infraorder: Axymyiomorpha
Family: Axymyiidae
Shannon, 1921
Genera and species

See text

The Nematoceran family Axymyiidae is the sole member of the infraorder Axymyiomorpha, though it is often included within the infraorder Bibionomorpha in older classifications. It is known from only nine species in four genera, plus eight fossil species.

Family characteristics

[edit]
For the terms, see Morphology of Diptera.

The Axymyiidae have the general appearance of the Bibionidae. Unlike bibionids, axymyiids have four branches of the radial vein, Bibionidae have two or three.

The head is rounded. The eyes of the male are holoptic for a considerable distance and divided into a larger dorsal part consisting of large facets and (separated by a groove) a smaller ventral part of smaller facets. The eyes of the female are separated by a broad frons and consist of separated facets. The three ocelli are on a prominence. The antennae are short with 14 to 16 transverse segments which are covered with sparse, short hairs. The oral parts are reduced. The palpi are four- to five-segmented.

Wings have an ocellus. Wing-venation: The subcostal vein merges into the anterior alar margin near its midpoint; radial vein 1 reaches the distal quarter of wings, there usually fused with radial vein 2+3; radial vein 4 is branched proximal to the anterior crossvein of the wing. Median vein 1 and 2 have short trunks. The anal vein does not reach the alar margin.

The tibiae are slightly longer than the femora, but somewhat shorter than the tarsi. The empodium and pulvilli are well developed.

Biology

[edit]

Larvae live in decomposing wood.

Genera

[edit]

The family contains four extant genera and four extinct genera:[1][2][3][4][5]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Fitzgerald, S.J.; Wood, D.M. (2014). "A new species of Axymyiidae (Diptera) from western North America and a key to the Nearctic species". Zootaxa. 3857 (1): 101–113. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3857.1.4. PMID 25283098.
  2. ^ Zhang, J. (2010). "Two new genera and one new species of Jurassic Axymyiidae (Diptera: Nematocera), with revision and redescription of the extinct taxa". Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 103 (4): 455–464. doi:10.1603/AN09073.
  3. ^ Sinclair, B.J. (2013). "Rediscovered at last: a new enigmatic genus of Axymyiidae (Diptera) from western North America". Zootaxa. 3682 (1): 143–150. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3682.1.7. PMID 25243280.
  4. ^ Shi, G.; Zhu, Y.; Shih, C.; Ren, D. (2013). "A new axymyiid genus with two new species from the Middle Jurassic of China (Diptera: Nematocera: Axymyiidae)". Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition). 87 (5): 1228–1234. doi:10.1111/1755-6724.12123. S2CID 84294698.
  5. ^ Blagoderov, V.A.; Lukashevich, E.D. (2013). "New Axymyiidae (Insecta: Diptera) from the Mesozoic of East Siberia". Polish Journal of Entomology. 82 (4): 257–271. doi:10.2478/v10200-012-0040-9.
  • Krivosheina, M. G. 2000. A. 2. Family Axymyiidae, pp. 31–39. In L. Papp, and B. Darvas [eds.]. Contribution to a Manual of the Palaearctic Diptera, Appendix. Science Herald, Budapest, Hungary.
  • B. M. Mamaev Family Axymyiidae in Bei-Bienko, G. Ya, 1988 Keys to the insects of the European Part of the USSR Volume 5 (Diptera) Part 2 English edition.
  • Mamaev, B. M. 1968. New nematocerous Diptera of the USSR fauna (Diptera, Axymyiidae, Mycetobiidae, Sciaridae, Cecidomyiidae). Entomol. Oboz. 47: 605–616.
  • Mamaev, B. M., and N. P. Krivosheina. 1966. New data on the taxonomy and biology of Diptera of the family Axymyiidae. Entomol. Obozr. 45: 168–180.
[edit]


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