102/35 su Fiat 634N: Difference between revisions

102/35 on Fiat 634N
102/35 on Fiat 634N
	102/35 on Fiat 634N damaged and abandoned, captured by Britain
Type	Anti aircraft truck
Place of origin	Italy
Service history
In service	1941-1942
Wars	Second World War
Production history
Manufacturer	Fiat
Produced	1941
No. built	7 units
Specifications
Mass	6.2 t
Length	7.6 m
Width	2.3 m
Height	3.25 m
Crew	8
Caliber	102mm
Elevation	90°
Traverse	360°
Main; armament	102/35 SA Mod. 1914
Engine	Fiat 355C with 6 cylinders inline, 8355 cm3; 80 hp (60 kW) @ 1900rpm
Power/weight	12.9 hp/t
Transmission	4 × 2
Fuel capacity	150 L
Operational; range	420 km
Maximum speed	41 km/h

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The 102/35 on Fiat 634N was an anti aircraft truck used by the Regia Marina during the Second World War.

History

The 102/35 on SPA 9000, produced since 1914 and used during the Great War, was the first Italian gun truck, obtained from the installation on a truck of an anti-aircraft naval gun, designed for cruisers. After the end of the First World War, the trucks were disassembled and the guns were returned to Regia Marina.^[1] In 1941 the Fiat Tripoli plant set up seven gun trucks on the chassis of the Fiat 634 N for the Regia Marina, using 102/35 S.A. (Schneider Ansaldo) guns taken from the defenses of Benghazi. With these means two mobile batteries were created, the 1st and 6th, served by personnel of the Maritime Artillery Militia of the Blackshirts, together with some old naval guns of type 76/30 already installed on the 634N trucks. The 1st Battery and a section of the 6th were joined to the 132nd Armoured Division Ariete,^[2] while section B of the 6th was subordinated to the 102nd Motorised Division Trento.

In the last months of 1941 they participated in several battles; on November 19 it was used during the first battle of Bir el Gobi, destroying at least 15 British tanks from a long distance. All 102/35 trucks were lost due to battle damage or accidents by the end of the same year. In addition to the counter-tank actions, served by the fire stations, they carried out long-range bombardments and anti-aircraft attacks with good results. As this was an "emergency" solution, its defects soon became apparent, such as the excessively high silhouette, the deterioration of the off-road performance of the truck and the tendency of some mechanical parts to wear off. None of these gun trucks survived the North African campaign.

Technology

The cannon 102/35 Mod. 1914 was installed on the truck bed using two different types of mounts: the OTO Mod. 33 on the first two specimens and the Vickers-Terni Mod. 25 mount on the others. The modifications of the vehicle, on the other hand, consisted in the "cutting" of the closed cabin, replaced by a canvas cover, and in the installation of four manually operated jacks; the rear body was replaced by a shooting platform on which the mount swung 360°; this platform could be expanded to battery placement through the 90° pivot of the two metal side rails, which thus increased the floor space for the crew. The latter are transported on uncovered benches located at the rear end of the platform, between the two stores of ready-to-use shells.

References

^ Attilio Del Rosso, Ubicumque et semper , on Military History No. 187 (April 2009), p. 19
^ "The participation of the Militia in the campaign in North Africa 1940-1943".

[1] Attilio Del Rosso, Ubicumque et semper , on Military History No. 187 (April 2009), p. 19

[2] "The participation of the Militia in the campaign in North Africa 1940-1943".

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{refimprove|date=June 2020}}
+{{more citations needed|date=June 2020}}
 {{Infobox weapon
 | name = 102/35 on Fiat 634N
@@ Line 20: / Line 20: @@
 | crew = 8
 | caliber = 102mm
-| elevation = 90
+| elevation = 90°
-| traverse = 360
+| traverse = 360°
-| primary_weapon = [[102/35 SA Mod. 1914]]
+| primary_armament = [[Cannon 102/35 Model 1914|102/35 SA Mod. 1914]]
 | engine = [[Fiat 355C]] with 6 cylinders inline, 8355 cm<sup>3</sup>
-| engine_power = 80 hp @ 1900rpm
+| engine_power = {{cvt|80|hp}} @ 1900rpm
 | pw_ratio = 12.9 hp/t
-| transmission = 4x2
+| transmission = 4 × 2
 | payload_capacity =
 | fuel_capacity = 150 L
@@ Line 32: / Line 32: @@
 | speed = 41 km/h
 }}
-The '''102/35 on Fiat 634N''' was a anti aircraft truck used by the [[Regia Marina]] during the [[second world war]].
+The '''102/35 on Fiat 634N''' was an anti aircraft truck used by the [[Regia Marina]] during the [[Second World War]].
 == History ==
-The [[102/35 on SPA 9000]], produced since 1914 and used during the [[First World War | Great War]], was the first Italian [[autocannone]], obtained from the installation on a truck of a [[cannon]] [[Anti-aircraft weapon | anti-aircraft]] of navy, designed for boarding [[Cruiser | cruisers]]. After the end of the [[First World War]], the batteries were all removed and the pieces were returned to [[Regia Marina]].<ref> Attilio Del Rosso, '' Ubicumque et semper '', on Military History No. 187 (April 2009), p. 19 </ref> In 1941 the Fiat [[Tripoli]] plant set up seven autocannons on the chassis of the [[Fiat 634]] N for the Royal Navy, using cannons [[102/35 Mod. 1914 | 102/35 S.A. (Schneider Ansaldo)]] taken from the defenses of [[Benghazi]]. With these means two mobile [[Battery military | batteries]] were created, the 1st and 6th, served by personnel of the [[Maritime Artillery Militia]] of the [[Voluntary Militia for National Security | MVSN]], integrated with some old naval cannons from [[76/40 Mod. 1916 RM | 76/30]] always installed on the 634N. The 1st Battery and a [[section (military unit) | section]] of the 6th were joined to the [[132nd Armored Division "Aries"]].<ref>{{cite web |title=The participation of the Militia in the campaign in North Africa 1940-1943 |url=http://www.regioesercito.it//reparti/mvsn/mvsnas40-43.htm}}</ref> The participation of the Militia in the campaign in North Africa 1940-1943, while section B of the 6th was aggregated to the [[102nd Motorized Division "Trento"]].
+The [[102/35 on SPA 9000]], produced since 1914 and used during the [[Great War]], was the first Italian [[gun truck]], obtained from the installation on a truck of an [[anti-aircraft]] [[naval gun]], designed for [[cruiser]]s. After the end of the [[First World War]], the trucks were disassembled and the guns were returned to [[Regia Marina]].<ref>Attilio Del Rosso, '' Ubicumque et semper '', on Military History No. 187 (April 2009), p. 19</ref> In 1941 the Fiat [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripoli]] plant set up seven gun trucks on the chassis of the [[Fiat 634]] N for the Regia Marina, using [[Cannon 102/35 Model 1914|102/35 S.A. (Schneider Ansaldo)]] guns taken from the defenses of [[Benghazi]]. With these means two mobile [[Artillery battery|batteries]] were created, the 1st and 6th, served by personnel of the [[Maritime Artillery Militia]] of the [[Blackshirts]], together with some old naval guns of type [[Cannon 76/40 Model 1916|76/30]] already installed on the 634N trucks. The 1st Battery and a [[section (military unit)|section]] of the 6th were joined to the [[132nd Armoured Division Ariete]],<ref>{{cite web |title=The participation of the Militia in the campaign in North Africa 1940-1943 |url=http://www.regioesercito.it//reparti/mvsn/mvsnas40-43.htm}}</ref> while section B of the 6th was subordinated to the [[102nd Motorised Division Trento]].
-In the last months of 1941 they participated in several fights; on November 19 it intervened during the [[first battle of Bir el Gobi]], destroying at least 15 British [[tank | tanks]] from a long distance. All 102/35 trucks were lost due to damage by the end of the same year. In addition to the counter-tank actions, served by the fire stations, they carried out long-range cannonades and anti-aircraft shots with good results. As an "emergency" project, the defects of this solution did not fail to emerge, such as the excessively high shape, the deterioration of the off-road performance of the truck and the tendency to wear of some mechanical parts. None of these means survived the [[North African campaign]].
+In the last months of 1941 they participated in several battles; on November 19 it was used during the [[action at Bir el Gubi (November 1941)|first battle of Bir el Gobi]], destroying at least 15 British tanks from a long distance. All 102/35 trucks were lost due to battle damage or accidents by the end of the same year. In addition to the counter-tank actions, served by the fire stations, they carried out long-range bombardments and anti-aircraft attacks with good results. As this was an "emergency" solution, its defects soon became apparent, such as the excessively high silhouette, the deterioration of the off-road performance of the truck and the tendency of some mechanical parts to wear off. None of these gun trucks survived the [[North African campaign]].
 == Technology ==
-{{see also | 102/35 Mod. 1914 | Fiat 634N}}
+{{see also | Cannon 102/35 Model 1914| Fiat 634}}
-The cannon [[102/35 Mod. 1914]] was installed on the truck bed using two different types of carriage: the [[Odero-Terni-Orlando | OTO]] Mod. 33 on the first two specimens and the carriage [[Vickers-Terni]] Mod. 25 on the others. The modifications on the vehicle, on the other hand, consisted in the "cutting" of the closed cabin, replaced by a bellows canvas cover, and in the installation of four manually operated jacks; the rear body was replaced by a shooting platform on which the carriage swung 360°; this platform expanded to battery placement through the 90 ° reduction of the two metal side rails, which thus increased the floor space for the servants. The latter are transported on uncovered benches located at the rear end of the platform, between the two reserves of ready-to-use shots.
+The cannon [[Cannon 102/35 Model 1914|102/35 Mod. 1914]] was installed on the truck bed using two different types of mounts: the [[OTO Melara|OTO]] Mod. 33 on the first two specimens and the [[Vickers-Terni]] Mod. 25 mount on the others. The modifications of the vehicle, on the other hand, consisted in the "cutting" of the closed cabin, replaced by a canvas cover, and in the installation of four manually operated jacks; the rear body was replaced by a shooting platform on which the mount swung 360°; this platform could be expanded to battery placement through the 90° pivot of the two metal side rails, which thus increased the floor space for the crew. The latter are transported on uncovered benches located at the rear end of the platform, between the two stores of ready-to-use shells.
 == References ==
 {{Reflist}}
+[[Category:World War II self-propelled anti-aircraft weapons]]
+[[Category:World War II vehicles of Italy]]
 [[Category:Fiat trucks]]
 [[Category:Regia Marina]]