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{{Short description|Species of lichen}}
{{Short description|Species of lichen}}

{{Speciesbox
{{Speciesbox
| image = Parmotrema stuppeum-1.jpg
| image = Parmotrema stuppeum - Flickr - pellaea.jpg
| image_caption = in [[North Carolina]], USA
| status = G4
| status = G4
| status_system = TNC
| status_system = TNC
| status_ref = <ref name="TNC status 24 Aug 2022">{{Cite web|date=2022-08-24 |url= https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.127072/Parmotrema_stuppeum|access-date=24 Aug 2022 |website=NatureServe Explorer Parmotrema stuppuem|title = NatureServe Explorer – Parmotrema stuppuem|publisher=NatureServe}}</ref>
| status_ref = <ref name="TNC status 24 Aug 2022">{{Cite web|date=2022-08-24 |url= https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.127072/Parmotrema_stuppeum|access-date=24 Aug 2022 |website=NatureServe Explorer Parmotrema stuppuem|title = NatureServe Explorer – Parmotrema stuppuem|publisher=NatureServe}}</ref>
| taxon = Parmotrema stuppuem
| taxon = Parmotrema stuppuem
| authority = Hale 1984
| authority = ([[Thomas Taylor (botanist)|Taylor]]) [[Mason Hale|Hale]] (1979)
| synonyms_ref = <ref name="Species Fungorum synonymy"/>
| synonyms =
| synonyms = *''Parmelia claudelii'' {{small|(Harm.) [[Vain.]] (1909)}}
*''Parmelia perforata'' var. ''claudelii'' {{small|Harm. (1897)}}
*''Parmelia stuppea'' {{small|Taylor (1847)}}
*''Parmelia trichotera'' var. ''claudelii'' {{small|(Harm.) [[Gustaf Einar Du Rietz|Du Rietz]] (1924)}}
*''Parmotrema claudelii'' {{small|(Harm.) [[M.Choisy]] (1952)}}
}}
}}


'''''Parmotrema stuppuem''''' is a [[lichen]] which belongs to the ''[[Parmotrema]]'' genus. The lichen is as known as the Powder-edged Ruffle Lichen and is listed as apparently secure by the Nature Conservatory.<ref name="TNC status 24 Aug 2022" />
'''''Parmotrema stuppuem''''' is a [[corticolous lichen|corticolous]] (bark-dwelling), [[foliose lichen]] that belongs to the large family [[Parmeliaceae]]. The lichen is [[common name|commonly]] known as the '''powder-edged ruffle lichen''' and is listed as apparently secure by [[the Nature Conservancy]].<ref name="TNC status 24 Aug 2022" />


== Description ==
== Description ==
''Parmotrema stuppuem'' grows to around 2–20&nbsp;cm in diameter with board dull smooth gray lobes that are 4–8 mm wide. The underside is black and brown with a central collection of simple [[rhizine]]s.<ref name=":0" />
''Parmotrema stuppuem'' grows to around 2–20&nbsp;cm in diameter with broad, dull, smooth gray lobes that are 4–8 mm wide. The underside is black and brown with a central collection of simple [[rhizine]]s.<ref name=":0" />


== Habitat and range ==
== Habitat and range ==
''Parmotrema stuppuem'' has a pantropical and pantemperate distribution, and is found across North America with a majority of samples being collected in and around the Great Lakes region of the United States.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=CNALH – ''Parmotrema stuppeum'' |url=https://lichenportal.org/cnalh/taxa/index.php?taxon=54566&clid=1093 |access-date=2022-08-24 |website=lichenportal.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Martellos |first=P. L. Nimis, S. |title=Parmotrema stuppeum (Taylor) Hale |url=https://italic.units.it/italic/index.php?procedure=taxonpage&num=1602 |access-date=2022-08-24 |website=italic.units.it}}</ref>
''Parmotrema stuppuem'' has a [[pantropical]] and pan[[temperate]] distribution, and is found across North America with a majority of samples being collected in and around the [[Great Lakes]] region of the United States.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=CNALH – ''Parmotrema stuppeum'' |url=https://lichenportal.org/cnalh/taxa/index.php?taxon=54566&clid=1093 |access-date=2022-08-24 |website=lichenportal.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Martellos |first=P. L. Nimis, S. |title=Parmotrema stuppeum (Taylor) Hale |url=https://italic.units.it/italic/index.php?procedure=taxonpage&num=1602 |access-date=2022-08-24 |website=italic.units.it}}</ref> In Mexico, ''P.&nbsp;stuppeum'' is one of the most common foliose lichens found at intermediate to fairly high elevations in the mountains. It also occurs in Europe, southern Africa, southern Asia, and Central America.<ref name="Egan et al 2016"/>


== Chemistry ==
== Chemistry ==
[[Antioxidant]]s have been extracted from ''Parmotrema stuppuem''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Jayaprakasha |first1=Guddadarangavvanahally K. |last2=Rao |first2=Lingamallu Jaganmohan |date=2000-12-01 |title=Phenolic Constituents from the Lichen Parmotrema stuppeum (Nyl.) Hale and Their Antioxidant Activity |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/znc-2000-11-1227/html |journal=Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C |language=en |volume=55 |issue=11–12 |pages=1018–1022 |doi=10.1515/znc-2000-11-1227 |pmid=11204179 |s2cid=1828343 |issn=1865-7125}}</ref> Additionally the lichen is a promising host for the development of [[antibacterial]] compounds.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=George |first1=Ginto |last2=Chandran |first2=R. Pratap |last3=Manju |first3=S. |last4=Kannan |first4=M. |date=2014-11-02 |title=Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of ''Parmotrema stuppeum'' (Taylor) Hale |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/22311866.2014.957092 |journal=Journal of Biologically Active Products from Nature |language=en |volume=4 |issue=5–6 |pages=365–370 |doi=10.1080/22311866.2014.957092 |s2cid=96537412 |issn=2231-1866}}</ref>
[[Antioxidant]]s have been extracted from ''Parmotrema stuppuem''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Jayaprakasha |first1=Guddadarangavvanahally K. |last2=Rao |first2=Lingamallu Jaganmohan |date=2000-12-01 |title=Phenolic Constituents from the Lichen ''Parmotrema stuppeum'' (Nyl.) Hale and Their Antioxidant Activity |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/znc-2000-11-1227/html |journal=Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C |language=en |volume=55 |issue=11–12 |pages=1018–1022 |doi=10.1515/znc-2000-11-1227 |pmid=11204179 |s2cid=1828343 |issn=1865-7125|doi-access=free }}</ref> Additionally the lichen is a promising host for the development of [[antibacterial]] compounds.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=George |first1=Ginto |last2=Chandran |first2=R. Pratap |last3=Manju |first3=S. |last4=Kannan |first4=M. |date=2014-11-02 |title=Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of ''Parmotrema stuppeum'' (Taylor) Hale |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/22311866.2014.957092 |journal=Journal of Biologically Active Products from Nature |language=en |volume=4 |issue=5–6 |pages=365–370 |doi=10.1080/22311866.2014.957092 |s2cid=96537412 |issn=2231-1866}}</ref>


== See also ==
== See also ==
Line 27: Line 32:


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist|refs=


<ref name="Egan et al 2016">{{cite book |last1=Egan |first1=Robert S. |last2=Pérez-Pérez |first2=Rosa Emilia |last3=Nash III |first3=Thomas H. |chapter=''Parmotrema'' in Mexico |year=2016 |editor-last1=Herrera-Campos |editor-first1=Maria |editor-last2=Pérez-Pérez |editor-first2=Rosa Emilia |editor-link3=Thomas Hawkes Nash III |editor-last3=Nash III |editor-first3=Thomas H. |title=Lichens of Mexico. The Parmeliaceae – Keys, distribution and specimen descriptions |pages=403–405 |publisher=J. Cramer |location=Stuttgart |isbn=978-3-443-58089-6}}</ref>
⚫
{{Taxonbar|from=Q10620935}}


<ref name="Species Fungorum synonymy">{{cite web |title=Synonymy. Current Name: ''Parmotrema stuppeum'' (Taylor) Hale [as 'stuppea'], Phytologia 28(4): 339 (1974) |url=http://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/SynSpecies.asp?RecordID=343128 |publisher=[[Species Fungorum]] |access-date=28 October 2022}}</ref>
⚫
[[Category:Lichen species]]
⚫
[[Category:Parmotrema|stuppuem]]


}}


⚫
{{Taxonbar|from=Q10620935}}
{{Fungus-stub}}

⚫
[[Category:Parmotrema|stuppuem]]
⚫
[[Category:Lichen species]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Thomas Taylor (botanist)]]
[[Category:Lichens described in 1847]]
[[Category:Lichens of North America]]
[[Category:Lichens of Asia]]
[[Category:Lichens of Central America]]
[[Category:Lichens of Europe]]
[[Category:Lichens of Southern Africa]]

Latest revision as of 17:15, 12 August 2023

Parmotrema stuppuem
in North Carolina, USA

Apparently Secure  (NatureServe)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Lecanoromycetes
Order: Lecanorales
Family: Parmeliaceae
Genus: Parmotrema
Species:
P. stuppuem
Binomial name
Parmotrema stuppuem
(Taylor) Hale (1979)
Synonyms[2]
  • Parmelia claudelii (Harm.) Vain. (1909)
  • Parmelia perforata var. claudelii Harm. (1897)
  • Parmelia stuppea Taylor (1847)
  • Parmelia trichotera var. claudelii (Harm.) Du Rietz (1924)
  • Parmotrema claudelii (Harm.) M.Choisy (1952)

Parmotrema stuppuem is a corticolous (bark-dwelling), foliose lichen that belongs to the large family Parmeliaceae. The lichen is commonly known as the powder-edged ruffle lichen and is listed as apparently secure by the Nature Conservancy.[1]

Description

[edit]

Parmotrema stuppuem grows to around 2–20 cm in diameter with broad, dull, smooth gray lobes that are 4–8 mm wide. The underside is black and brown with a central collection of simple rhizines.[3]

Habitat and range

[edit]

Parmotrema stuppuem has a pantropical and pantemperate distribution, and is found across North America with a majority of samples being collected in and around the Great Lakes region of the United States.[3][4] In Mexico, P. stuppeum is one of the most common foliose lichens found at intermediate to fairly high elevations in the mountains. It also occurs in Europe, southern Africa, southern Asia, and Central America.[5]

Chemistry

[edit]

Antioxidants have been extracted from Parmotrema stuppuem.[6] Additionally the lichen is a promising host for the development of antibacterial compounds.[7]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "NatureServe Explorer – Parmotrema stuppuem". NatureServe Explorer Parmotrema stuppuem. NatureServe. 2022-08-24. Retrieved 24 Aug 2022.
  2. ^ "Synonymy. Current Name: Parmotrema stuppeum (Taylor) Hale [as 'stuppea'], Phytologia 28(4): 339 (1974)". Species Fungorum. Retrieved 28 October 2022.
  3. ^ a b "CNALH – Parmotrema stuppeum". lichenportal.org. Retrieved 2022-08-24.
  4. ^ Martellos, P. L. Nimis, S. "Parmotrema stuppeum (Taylor) Hale". italic.units.it. Retrieved 2022-08-24.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ Egan, Robert S.; Pérez-Pérez, Rosa Emilia; Nash III, Thomas H. (2016). "Parmotrema in Mexico". In Herrera-Campos, Maria; Pérez-Pérez, Rosa Emilia; Nash III, Thomas H. (eds.). Lichens of Mexico. The Parmeliaceae – Keys, distribution and specimen descriptions. Stuttgart: J. Cramer. pp. 403–405. ISBN 978-3-443-58089-6.
  6. ^ Jayaprakasha, Guddadarangavvanahally K.; Rao, Lingamallu Jaganmohan (2000-12-01). "Phenolic Constituents from the Lichen Parmotrema stuppeum (Nyl.) Hale and Their Antioxidant Activity". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C. 55 (11–12): 1018–1022. doi:10.1515/znc-2000-11-1227. ISSN 1865-7125. PMID 11204179. S2CID 1828343.
  7. ^ George, Ginto; Chandran, R. Pratap; Manju, S.; Kannan, M. (2014-11-02). "Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Parmotrema stuppeum (Taylor) Hale". Journal of Biologically Active Products from Nature. 4 (5–6): 365–370. doi:10.1080/22311866.2014.957092. ISSN 2231-1866. S2CID 96537412.
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