High Alemannic German: Difference between revisions
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not a single dialect but a group of dialects; intelligibility with Standard German is relatively poor |
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{{Short description|Dialect of Alemannic German}} |
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'''High Alemannic''' is a branch of [[Alemannic German|Alemannic dialects]] and belongs to the [[German language]], even though they are only partly intelligible to German speakers. |
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{{Unreferenced|date=December 2009}} |
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{{Infobox language |
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| name = High Alemannic |
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| nativename = Hochalemannisch |
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| states = [[Switzerland]]<br />[[Germany]]: [[Baden-Württemberg]]<br />[[Austria]]: [[Vorarlberg]]<br />[[Liechtenstein]]<br />[[France]]: [[Haut-Rhin]] |
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| ethnicity = |
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| speakers = ? |
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| familycolor = Indo-European |
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| fam2 = [[Germanic languages|Germanic]] |
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| fam3 = [[West Germanic languages|West Germanic]] |
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| fam4 = [[Elbe Germanic|Irminonic]] |
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| fam5 = [[High German languages|High German]] |
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| fam6 = [[Upper German]] |
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| fam7 = [[Alemannic languages|Alemannic]] |
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| script = [[Latin script|Latin]] ([[German alphabet]]) |
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| map = Brunig-Napf-Reuss-Linie.png |
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| mapcaption = Geographical spread of High Alemannic dialects; marked in red is the Brünig-Napf-Reuss line |
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| isoexception = dialect |
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| glotto = high1290 |
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}} |
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'''High Alemannic''' is a branch of [[Alemannic German]] spoken in the westernmost [[Austrian state]] of [[Vorarlberg]] and in [[Switzerland]] and [[Liechtenstein]]. Intelligibility of these dialects to non-Alemannic speakers tends to be limited. |
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| ⚫ | The High Alemannic dialects are spoken in [[Liechtenstein]] and in most of German-speaking [[Switzerland]] ( |
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==Language area== |
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| ⚫ | The High Alemannic dialects are spoken in [[Liechtenstein]] and in most of German-speaking [[Switzerland]] ([[Swiss Plateau]]), except for the [[Highest Alemannic German|Highest Alemannic]] dialects in the [[Swiss Alps]] and for the [[Low Alemannic German|Low Alemannic]] ([[Basel German]]) dialect in the North West. |
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Therefore, High Alemannic must not be confused with the term "[[Swiss German]]", which refers to all Alemannic dialects of Switzerland as opposed to [[Swiss Standard German|Swiss variant]] of [[Standard German]], the literary language of [[diglossia|diglossic]] German-speaking Switzerland. |
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In [[Germany]], High Alemannic dialects are spoken in Southern [[Baden-Württemberg]], i.e. the [[Markgräflerland]] and in the adjacent area south of [[Freiburg im Breisgau]] up to the [[Black Forest]] ([[Schönau im Schwarzwald|Schönau]]). It is also spoken in the southern [[Sundgau]] region beyond the [[Upper Rhine]], which is part of [[Alsace]], [[France]]. In [[Vorarlberg]] in Western [[Austria]], a form of High Alemannic is spoken around the [[Rheintal]] as well. |
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==Subdivisions== |
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High Alemannic is traditionally subdivided in an Eastern and Western language area (''[[Sprachraum]]''), marked by the [[Brünig-Napf-Reuss line]] across the [[Cantons of Switzerland|cantons]] of [[Aargau]] and [[Canton of Lucerne|Lucerne]] (''Luzern''). |
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Eastern High Alemannic includes [[Zurich German]], Lucerne German, and the dialects of [[Eastern Switzerland]]. |
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Western High Alemannic includes [[Bernese German]], the German dialects of Solothurn and Fribourg, as well as most dialects of Aargau and the northern parts of the canton of Lucerne. |
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==Features== |
==Features== |
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The distinctive feature of the High Alemannic dialects is the completion of the [[High German consonant shift]], for instance ''chalt'' {{IPA|[xalt]}} 'cold' vs. Low Alemannic and standard German 'kalt' {{IPA|[kʰalt]}}. |
The distinctive feature of the High Alemannic dialects is the completion of the [[High German consonant shift]], for instance ''chalt'' {{IPA|[xalt]}} 'cold' vs. Low Alemannic and standard German 'kalt' {{IPA|[kʰalt]}}. |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{ie-lang-stub}} |
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[[Category:Swiss German language]] |
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[[de:Hochalemannisch]] |
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[[Category:German dialects]] |
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[[als:Hochalemannisch]] |
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[[it:Alto alemanno]] |
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[[li:Hoegalemannisch]] |
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[[nds:Hoochalemannsch]] |
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Latest revision as of 15:20, 13 August 2023
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| High Alemannic | |
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| Hochalemannisch | |
| Native to | Switzerland Germany: Baden-Württemberg Austria: Vorarlberg Liechtenstein France: Haut-Rhin |
| Latin (German alphabet) | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | high1290 |
 Geographical spread of High Alemannic dialects; marked in red is the Brünig-Napf-Reuss line | |
High Alemannic is a branch of Alemannic German spoken in the westernmost Austrian state of Vorarlberg and in Switzerland and Liechtenstein. Intelligibility of these dialects to non-Alemannic speakers tends to be limited.
Language area
[edit]The High Alemannic dialects are spoken in Liechtenstein and in most of German-speaking Switzerland (Swiss Plateau), except for the Highest Alemannic dialects in the Swiss Alps and for the Low Alemannic (Basel German) dialect in the North West.
Therefore, High Alemannic must not be confused with the term "Swiss German", which refers to all Alemannic dialects of Switzerland as opposed to Swiss variant of Standard German, the literary language of diglossic German-speaking Switzerland.
In Germany, High Alemannic dialects are spoken in Southern Baden-Württemberg, i.e. the Markgräflerland and in the adjacent area south of Freiburg im Breisgau up to the Black Forest (Schönau). It is also spoken in the southern Sundgau region beyond the Upper Rhine, which is part of Alsace, France. In Vorarlberg in Western Austria, a form of High Alemannic is spoken around the Rheintal as well.
Subdivisions
[edit]High Alemannic is traditionally subdivided in an Eastern and Western language area (Sprachraum), marked by the Brünig-Napf-Reuss line across the cantons of Aargau and Lucerne (Luzern).
Eastern High Alemannic includes Zurich German, Lucerne German, and the dialects of Eastern Switzerland.
Western High Alemannic includes Bernese German, the German dialects of Solothurn and Fribourg, as well as most dialects of Aargau and the northern parts of the canton of Lucerne.
Features
[edit]The distinctive feature of the High Alemannic dialects is the completion of the High German consonant shift, for instance chalt [xalt] 'cold' vs. Low Alemannic and standard German 'kalt' [kʰalt].
References
[edit]| Authority control databases: National |
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