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{{short description|American scholar, poet and abolitionist}}{{Infobox person
{{short description|American scholar, poet and abolitionist}}
{{Infobox person
| name = George Boyer Vashon
| name = George Boyer Vashon
| image =
| image = George B. Vashon.jpg
| alt =
| alt =
| caption =
| caption =
Line 8: Line 9:
| birth_place = [[Carlisle, Pennsylvania]], US
| birth_place = [[Carlisle, Pennsylvania]], US
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1878|10|05|1824|07|25}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1878|10|05|1824|07|25}}
| death_place = Mississippi, US
| death_place = [[Rodney, Mississippi]], US
| nationality = American
| nationality = American
| other_names =
| other_names =
| occupation =
| occupation = Lawyer, teacher
| years_active =
| years_active =
| known_for =
| known_for =
| notable_works =
| notable_works =
| spouse = [[Susan Paul Vashon]]
| spouse = [[Susan Paul Vashon]] (married 1857–1878; death)
| children = 7
| relatives = [[Mary Frances Vashon]] (sister)
}}
}}
'''George Boyer Vashon''' (July 25, 1824 – October 5, 1878) was an American scholar, poet, and [[abolitionist]]. He was the first [[African Americans|African American]] graduate of [[Oberlin College]] in [[Ohio]],<ref>{{cite book|last=Baumann|first=Roland M.|title=Constructing Black Education at Oberlin College|year=2010|publisher=Ohio University Press|isbn=978-0821418871}}</ref> where he was [[valedictorian]] of his class.<ref>{{cite journal
'''George Boyer Vashon''' (July 25, 1824 – October 5, 1878) was an [[African Americans|African American]] scholar, poet, lawyer, and [[abolitionist]].

== Biography ==
George Boyer Vashon was born in [[Carlisle, Pennsylvania]], the third child and only son of an abolitionist, John Bethune Vashon (or John Bathan Vashon).<ref name="blackpast" /> In 1840, at age 16, he enrolled in [[Oberlin Collegiate Institute]] (later Oberlin College), and in 1844 he became its first African-American graduate,<ref>{{cite book|last=Baumann|first=Roland M.|title=Constructing Black Education at Oberlin College|year=2010|publisher=Ohio University Press|isbn=978-0821418871}}</ref> and the [[valedictorian]] of his class.<ref>{{cite journal
|title=The Earliest Black Graduates of the Nation's Highest-Ranked Liberal Arts Colleges
|title=The Earliest Black Graduates of the Nation's Highest-Ranked Liberal Arts Colleges
|journal=[[Journal of Blacks in Higher Education]]
|journal=[[Journal of Blacks in Higher Education]]
|number=38
|number=38
|date=Winter 2002-2003
|date=Winter 2002–2003
|pages=104-109
|pages=104–109
|DOI=10.2307/3134222
|doi=10.2307/3134222
|jstor=3134222}}</ref>{{rp|106}}
|jstor=3134222}}</ref>{{rp|106}}

He was the first practicing African-American lawyer in New York State and was posthumously admitted to the [[Pennsylvania Bar]] in 2010,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.duanemorris.com/pressreleases/african_american_legal_scholar_george_vashon_admitted_pa_bar_3839.html|title=After 163 Years, African-American Legal Scholar and Abolitionist George B. Vashon to Be Admitted to Pennsylvania Bar|date=13 October 2010|publisher=Duane Morris|accessdate=16 April 2016}}</ref> 163 years after being denied the right to practice in the state due to his race, first in 1847 and again in 1868.<ref name=blackpast /> In 1853, he was a prominent attendee of the radical abolitionist [[National African American Convention]] in [[Rochester, New York]]. His was one of 5 names attached to the address of the convention to the people of the United States published under the title, ''The Claims of Our Common Cause'', along with [[Frederick Douglass]], [[James Monroe Whitfield]], [[Henry O. Wagoner]], and [[Amos Noë Freeman]].<ref>Douglass, Frederick. Frederick Douglass: Selected speeches and writings. Chicago Review Press, 2000. pp. 260&ndash;271</ref> In 1857, he married [[Susan Paul Vashon]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Gossett|first=Emma V.|url=https://search.alexanderstreet.com/view/work/bibliographic_entity%7Cdocument%7C3179871?account_id=12492&usage_group_id=100865|title=Homespun Heroines and Other Women of Distinction|publisher=Aldine Printing House|year=1926|isbn=|location=Xenia, Ohio|pages=133|via=Alexander Street}}</ref> In the 1870s he lived and worked for a time in Washington, D.C., where he also taught young African Americans at a night school there.<ref>Simmons, William J., and Henry McNeal Turner. Men of Mark: Eminent, Progressive and Rising. GM Rewell & Company, 1887. pp. 474&ndash;480</ref>
Vashon was the first practicing African-American lawyer in New York State, but was denied the right to practice in Pennsylvania because of his "race", first in 1847 and again in 1868.<ref name=blackpast /> According to Judge [[Thomas Mellon]], "The teachings of history and physiology clearly establish the fact that social equality and connection between the races in the domestic relations can only be productive of evil—shortening life and weakening the physical and mental condition, as a general rule." He proposed that there be a separate territory for Blacks in the United States where they could vote, practice law, and serve on juries, but not in Pennsylvania.<ref>{{cite news
|title=The Courts. Common Pleas—full bench. Case of George B. Vashon, colored. He is Refused Admission to the Bar
|newspaper=[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|Pittsburgh Gazette]] ([[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]])
|date=March 30, 1868
|page=8
|via=[[newspapers.com]]
|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/60336689/george-cashon-black-attorney-denied/}}</ref>

Using the same credentials, Vashon was the following week admitted to practice before the [[U.S. Supreme Court]].<ref>{{cite news
|title=(Untitled)
|newspaper=[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|Pittsburgh Gazette]] ([[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]])
|date=April 8, 1868
|page=4
|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/60337942/george-boyer-vashon-admitted-to/
|via=[[newspapers.com]]}}</ref>

In 1853, he was a prominent attendee of the radical abolitionist [[National African American Convention]] in [[Rochester, New York]]. His was one of five names attached to the address of the convention to the people of the United States published under the title, ''The Claims of Our Common Cause'', along with [[Frederick Douglass]], [[James Monroe Whitfield]], [[Henry O. Wagoner]], and [[Amos Noë Freeman]].<ref>Douglass, Frederick. Frederick Douglass: Selected speeches and writings. Chicago Review Press, 2000. pp. 260&ndash;271</ref> In 1853 he joined the faculty of [[New York Central College]], near [[Cortland, New York|Cortland]], New York, as a replacement for exiled [[William G. Allen]].<ref>{{cite journal
|first=Paul N. D.
|last=Thornell
|title=The Absent Ones and the Providers: A Biography of the Vashons
|journal=[[Journal of Negro History]]
|volume=83
|number=4
|year=1998
|pages=284–301, at p. 294
|doi=10.2307/2649028
|jstor=2649028|s2cid=141080045
}}</ref> In 1857, he married [[Susan Paul Vashon]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Gossett|first=Emma V.|url=https://search.alexanderstreet.com/view/work/bibliographic_entity%7Cdocument%7C3179871?account_id=12492&usage_group_id=100865|title=Homespun Heroines and Other Women of Distinction|publisher=Aldine Printing House|year=1926|location=Xenia, Ohio|pages=133|via=Alexander Street}}</ref> In the 1870s he lived and worked for a time in Washington, D.C., where he also taught young African Americans at a night school there.<ref>Simmons, William J., and Henry McNeal Turner. Men of Mark: Eminent, Progressive and Rising. GM Rewell & Company, 1887. pp. 474&ndash;480</ref>


[[Vashon High School]], in [[St. Louis, Missouri]], is named for Vashon and his son, John Boyer Vashon.
[[Vashon High School]], in [[St. Louis, Missouri]], is named for Vashon and his son, John Boyer Vashon.

In 2010, 163 years after he applied, the [[Pennsylvania Bar]] admitted him.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.duanemorris.com/pressreleases/african_american_legal_scholar_george_vashon_admitted_pa_bar_3839.html|title=After 163 Years, African-American Legal Scholar and Abolitionist George B. Vashon to Be Admitted to Pennsylvania Bar|date=13 October 2010|publisher=Duane Morris|access-date=16 April 2016}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[List of first minority male lawyers and judges in New York]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name=blackpast>{{cite web|url=http://www.blackpast.org/aah/vashon-george-b-1824-1878|title=Vashon, George B. (1824-1878)|last=Blue|first=Christopher T.|publisher=BlackPast.org|accessdate=16 April 2016}}</ref>
<ref name=blackpast>{{cite web
|url=http://www.blackpast.org/aah/vashon-george-b-1824-1878
|title=George B. Vashon (1824–1878)
|last=Blue
|date=June 17, 2008
|first=Christopher T.
|publisher=[[BlackPast.org]]|access-date=16 April 2020}}</ref>
}}
}}

== Further reading ==
== Further reading ==
* {{cite article
* {{cite news
|title=George Boyer Vashon, 1824–1878. Black Educator, Poet, Fighter for Equal Rights
|title=George Boyer Vashon, 1824–1878. Black Educator, Poet, Fighter for Equal Rights
|pages=205+
|pages=205+
Line 43: Line 89:
|number=3
|number=3
|date=July 1985}}
|date=July 1985}}
* {{cite article
* {{cite journal
|first=Paul N. D.
|first=Paul N. D.
|last=Thornell
|last=Thornell
|title=The Absent Ones and the Providers: A Biography of the Vashons
|title=The Absent Ones and the Providers: A Biography of the Vashons
|magazine=[[Journal of Negro History]]
|journal=[[Journal of Negro History]]
|volume=83
|volume=83
|number=4
|number=4
|year=1998
|year=1998
|pages=284–301
|pages=284–301
|jstor=2649028}}
|doi=10.2307/2649028
|jstor=2649028|s2cid=141080045
⚫
* {{cite article
}}
⚫
* {{cite journal
|last1=Gardner
|last1=Gardner
|first1=Eric
|first1=Eric
Line 70: Line 118:
|year=2015
|year=2015
|pages=177–187
|pages=177–187
⚫
|doi=10.1353/amp.2015.0026|s2cid=194110764
|via=[[Project MUSE]]
}}
⚫
|doi=10.1353/amp.2015.0026}}

==External links==
* [https://cdm16694.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/NYMHG/id/230/rec/5 Picture of Vashon, property of McGraw Historical Society]


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
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[[Category:1878 deaths]]
[[Category:1878 deaths]]
[[Category:Oberlin College alumni]]
[[Category:Oberlin College alumni]]
[[Category:African-American academics]]
[[Category:19th-century African-American academics]]
[[Category:New-York Central College faculty]]
[[Category:19th-century American academics]]
[[Category:New York Central College faculty]]
[[Category:African-American abolitionists]]
[[Category:African-American abolitionists]]
[[Category:People from Washington, D.C.]]
[[Category:People from Washington, D.C.]]
[[Category:People from Carlisle, Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:People from Carlisle, Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:African-American college graduates before 1865]]
[[Category:African-American college graduates before 1865]]
[[Category:19th-century American lawyers]]
[[Category:New York (state) lawyers]]
[[Category:Pennsylvania lawyers]]
[[Category:Racial segregation]]
[[Category:19th-century African-American lawyers]]

Latest revision as of 00:09, 14 August 2023

George Boyer Vashon
Born(1824-07-25)July 25, 1824
Carlisle, Pennsylvania, US
DiedOctober 5, 1878(1878-10-05) (aged 54)
Rodney, Mississippi, US
NationalityAmerican
Occupation(s)Lawyer, teacher
SpouseSusan Paul Vashon (married 1857–1878; death)
Children7
RelativesMary Frances Vashon (sister)

George Boyer Vashon (July 25, 1824 – October 5, 1878) was an African American scholar, poet, lawyer, and abolitionist.

Biography

[edit]

George Boyer Vashon was born in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, the third child and only son of an abolitionist, John Bethune Vashon (or John Bathan Vashon).[1] In 1840, at age 16, he enrolled in Oberlin Collegiate Institute (later Oberlin College), and in 1844 he became its first African-American graduate,[2] and the valedictorian of his class.[3]: 106 

Vashon was the first practicing African-American lawyer in New York State, but was denied the right to practice in Pennsylvania because of his "race", first in 1847 and again in 1868.[1] According to Judge Thomas Mellon, "The teachings of history and physiology clearly establish the fact that social equality and connection between the races in the domestic relations can only be productive of evil—shortening life and weakening the physical and mental condition, as a general rule." He proposed that there be a separate territory for Blacks in the United States where they could vote, practice law, and serve on juries, but not in Pennsylvania.[4]

Using the same credentials, Vashon was the following week admitted to practice before the U.S. Supreme Court.[5]

In 1853, he was a prominent attendee of the radical abolitionist National African American Convention in Rochester, New York. His was one of five names attached to the address of the convention to the people of the United States published under the title, The Claims of Our Common Cause, along with Frederick Douglass, James Monroe Whitfield, Henry O. Wagoner, and Amos Noë Freeman.[6] In 1853 he joined the faculty of New York Central College, near Cortland, New York, as a replacement for exiled William G. Allen.[7] In 1857, he married Susan Paul Vashon.[8] In the 1870s he lived and worked for a time in Washington, D.C., where he also taught young African Americans at a night school there.[9]

Vashon High School, in St. Louis, Missouri, is named for Vashon and his son, John Boyer Vashon.

In 2010, 163 years after he applied, the Pennsylvania Bar admitted him.[10]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Blue, Christopher T. (June 17, 2008). "George B. Vashon (1824–1878)". BlackPast.org. Retrieved 16 April 2020.
  2. ^ Baumann, Roland M. (2010). Constructing Black Education at Oberlin College. Ohio University Press. ISBN 978-0821418871.
  3. ^ "The Earliest Black Graduates of the Nation's Highest-Ranked Liberal Arts Colleges". Journal of Blacks in Higher Education (38): 104–109. Winter 2002–2003. doi:10.2307/3134222. JSTOR 3134222.
  4. ^ "The Courts. Common Pleas—full bench. Case of George B. Vashon, colored. He is Refused Admission to the Bar". Pittsburgh Gazette (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania). March 30, 1868. p. 8 – via newspapers.com.
  5. ^ "(Untitled)". Pittsburgh Gazette (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania). April 8, 1868. p. 4 – via newspapers.com.
  6. ^ Douglass, Frederick. Frederick Douglass: Selected speeches and writings. Chicago Review Press, 2000. pp. 260–271
  7. ^ Thornell, Paul N. D. (1998). "The Absent Ones and the Providers: A Biography of the Vashons". Journal of Negro History. 83 (4): 284–301, at p. 294. doi:10.2307/2649028. JSTOR 2649028. S2CID 141080045.
  8. ^ Gossett, Emma V. (1926). Homespun Heroines and Other Women of Distinction. Xenia, Ohio: Aldine Printing House. p. 133 – via Alexander Street.
  9. ^ Simmons, William J., and Henry McNeal Turner. Men of Mark: Eminent, Progressive and Rising. GM Rewell & Company, 1887. pp. 474–480
  10. ^ "After 163 Years, African-American Legal Scholar and Abolitionist George B. Vashon to Be Admitted to Pennsylvania Bar". Duane Morris. 13 October 2010. Retrieved 16 April 2016.

Further reading

[edit]
  • Hanchett, Catherine M. (July 1985). "George Boyer Vashon, 1824–1878. Black Educator, Poet, Fighter for Equal Rights". Western Pennsylvania Historical Magazine. Vol. 68, no. 3. pp. 205+.
  • Thornell, Paul N. D. (1998). "The Absent Ones and the Providers: A Biography of the Vashons". Journal of Negro History. 83 (4): 284–301. doi:10.2307/2649028. JSTOR 2649028. S2CID 141080045.
  • Gardner, Eric; Nielsen, Aldon Lynn; Leonard, Keith D.; Shockley, Evie; Bynum, Tara (2015). "George Boyer Vashon's 'In the Cars': A Poem and Four Responses". American Periodicals: A Journal of History & Criticism. 25 (2): 177–187. doi:10.1353/amp.2015.0026. S2CID 194110764.
[edit]
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