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{{otheruses}}
{{other uses}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox military structure
{{Infobox military installation
|name = Grand Casemates
|name = Grand Casemates
|native_name =
|native_name =
|partof = [[Fortifications of Gibraltar]]
|partof = [[Fortifications of Gibraltar]]
|location = [[Grand Casemates Square]], [[Gibraltar]]
|location = [[Grand Casemates Square]], [[Gibraltar]]
|image = [[File:Casemates Square, Gibraltar (3).JPG|250px]]
|image = Casemates Square, Gibraltar (3).JPG
|image_size = 250px
|caption = View of Grand Casemates from [[Grand Casemates Square]].
|caption = View of Grand Casemates from [[Grand Casemates Square]].
|map_type = Gibraltar
|map_type = Gibraltar
|latitude = 36.145133
|longitude = -5.352448
|map_size =
|map_size =
|map_alt =
|map_alt =
|map_caption = Location of the barracks within Gibraltar.
|map_caption = Location of the barracks within Gibraltar.
|type =
|type =
|coordinates = {{coord|36.145133|-5.352448|type:landmark_region:GI|display=inline}}
|coordinates =
|coord_region =
|code =
|code =
|built = {{Start date|1817}}
|built = {{Start date|1817}}
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|battles =
|battles =
|events =
|events =
|image2 = [[File:Entrance to Casemates Square.JPG|250px]]
|image2 = Entrance to Casemates Square.JPG
|image2_size = 250px
|caption2 = Tunnel running north-south through Grand Casemates connecting [[Landport (Gibraltar)|Lanport]] to [[Grand Casemates Square]].
|caption2 = Tunnel running north-south through Grand Casemates connecting [[Landport (Gibraltar)|Lanport]] to [[Grand Casemates Square]].
}}
}}
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It is beside [[Grand Casemates Gates]], which leads through the former town wall.
It is beside [[Grand Casemates Gates]], which leads through the former town wall.


==History==
Construction of the Grand Casemates bombproof barracks began in the 1770s, but the building was only completed in 1817.{{sfn|Casemate Square - GTG}}{{sfn|Finlayson|Fa|2006|p=31}}
Construction of the Grand Casemates bombproof barracks began in the 1770s under Colonel [[William Green (general)|William Green]], Gibraltar's Chief Engineer, but the building was only completed in 1817 during the governorship of General Sir [[George Don (British Army officer)|George Don]].{{sfn|Casemate Square - GTG}}{{sfn|Finlayson|Fa|2006|p=31}}


Hygiene was initially primitive. In 1865 there was an outbreak of [[cholera]] in the barracks, with several soldiers dying.{{sfn|Great Britain. House of Commons|1875|p=50ff}} In 1868 ablutions and bath rooms had recently been fitted up in the barracks, [[George Jennings|Jenning]]'s fitments (flush toilets) had been installed in the soldier's latrines and the drainage system overhauled.{{sfn|Army medical department|1870|p=53}} However, as of 1874 none of the barracks in Gibraltar had baths, and Grand Casemates was the only one with footpans that could be used to hold water for the men to wash themselves.{{sfn|Great Britain. House of Commons|1874|p=60}} In 1888 it was found that, due to faulty drains, sewage had been soaking into the ground near the soldiers rooms. It was thought that this was the cause of the high incidence of fever in the barracks.{{sfn|Great Britain. House of Commons|1876|p=50}}
Hygiene was primitive.
In 1865 there was an outbreak of [[Cholera]] in the barracks, with several soldiers dying.{{sfn|Great Britain. House of Commons|1875|p=50ff}}
In 1868 ablutions and bath rooms had recently been fitted up in the barracks, [[George Jennings|Jenning]]'s fitments (flush toilets) had been installed in the soldier's latrines and the drainage system overhauled.{{sfn|Army medical department|1870|p=53}}
However, as of 1874 none of the barracks in Gibraltar had baths, and Grand Casemates was the only one with footpans that could be used to hold water for the men to wash themselves.{{sfn|Great Britain. House of Commons|1874|p=60}}
In 1888 it was found that, due to faulty drains, sewage had been soaking into the ground near the soldiers rooms.
It was thought that this was the cause of the high incidence of fever in the barracks.{{sfn|Great Britain. House of Commons|1876|p=50}}


For a period, the barracks were home to about two thousand workers from Morocco.{{sfn|Facaros|Pauls|2008|p=230}}
For a period, the barracks were home to about two thousand workers from Morocco.{{sfn|Facaros|Pauls|2008|p=230}} More recently, Grand Casemates has been restored and converted for commercial use with restaurants and shops.{{sfn|Finlayson|Fa|2006|p=54}} The building today houses an arts and crafts exhibition hall on the second floor.{{sfn|Gibraltar - Main Sights}}
More recently, Grand Casemates has been restored and converted for commercial use with restaurants and shops.{{sfn|Finlayson|Fa|2006|p=54}}
The building today houses an arts and crafts exhibition hall on the second floor.{{sfn|Gibraltar - Main Sights}}


==References==
==References==
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'''Sources'''
'''Sources'''
{{refbegin}}
{{refbegin}}
⚫
*{{cite book |author=Army medical department|title=Army medical department Report for the year 1868
*{{cite book |ref=harv
⚫
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I5UEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA53|access-date=24 October 2012 |year=1870}}
⚫
|author=Army medical department|title=Army medical department Report for the year 1868
*{{cite web |ref={{harvid|Casemate Square - GTG}} |url=http://www.gibraltar.com/sightseeing/casemate-square-gibraltar.html |title=Casemate Square |work=Gibraltar Travel Guide |access-date=2012-10-24 |archive-date=2018-04-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180401061634/http://www.gibraltar.com/sightseeing/casemate-square-gibraltar.html |url-status=dead }}
⚫
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=I5UEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA53|accessdate=24 October 2012 |year=1870}}
⚫
*{{cite book |last1=Facaros|first1=Dana|last2=Pauls|first2=Michael|title=Andalucia, 8th
*{{cite web |ref={{harvid|Casemate Square - GTG}} |url=http://www.gibraltar.com/sightseeing/casemate-square-gibraltar.html
⚫
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lqPDJJa91CUC&pg=PA230|access-date=2012-10-24
|title=Casemate Square |work=Gibraltar Travel Guide
|accessdate=2012-10-24}}
*{{cite book |ref=harv
⚫
|last1=Facaros|first1=Dana|last2=Pauls|first2=Michael|title=Andalucia, 8th
⚫
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=lqPDJJa91CUC&pg=PA230|accessdate=2012-10-24
|date=2008-04-15|publisher=New Holland Publishers|isbn=978-1-86011-389-5}}
|date=2008-04-15|publisher=New Holland Publishers|isbn=978-1-86011-389-5}}
⚫
*{{cite book |last1=Finlayson|first1=Clive|last2=Fa|first2=Darren|title=The Fortifications of Gibraltar 1068-1945
*{{cite book |ref=harv
⚫
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BC5QBR0oB04C&pg=PA31|access-date=2012-10-24
⚫
|last1=Finlayson|first1=Clive|last2=Fa|first2=Darren|title=The Fortifications of Gibraltar 1068-1945
⚫
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=BC5QBR0oB04C&pg=PA31|accessdate=2012-10-24
|date=2006-10-31|publisher=Osprey Publishing|isbn=978-1-84603-016-1}}
|date=2006-10-31|publisher=Osprey Publishing|isbn=978-1-84603-016-1}}
*{{cite web |ref={{harvid|Gibraltar - Main Sights}} |url=http://www.andalucia.com/gibraltar/placestosee.htm
*{{cite web |ref={{harvid|Gibraltar - Main Sights}} |url=http://www.andalucia.com/gibraltar/placestosee.htm
|title=Gibraltar - Main Sights: Places to See |work=Andalucia.com
|title=Gibraltar - Main Sights: Places to See |work=Andalucia.com
|accessdate=2012-10-24}}
|access-date=2012-10-24}}
⚫
*{{cite book |author=Great Britain. House of Commons|title=Accounts and papers of the House of Commons
*{{cite book |ref=harv
⚫
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=byxcAAAAQAAJ&pg=RA1-PA60|access-date=24 October 2012
⚫
|author=Great Britain. House of Commons|title=Accounts and papers of the House of Commons
⚫
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=byxcAAAAQAAJ&pg=RA1-PA60|accessdate=24 October 2012
|year=1874|publisher=Ordered to be printed|page=60}}
|year=1874|publisher=Ordered to be printed|page=60}}
⚫
*{{cite book |author=Great Britain. House of Commons|title=Reports from commissioners
*{{cite book |ref=harv
⚫
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pCtcAAAAQAAJ&pg=RA1-PA50|access-date=2012-10-24
⚫
|author=Great Britain. House of Commons|title=Reports from commissioners
⚫
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=pCtcAAAAQAAJ&pg=RA1-PA50|accessdate=2012-10-24
|year=1875|publisher=House of Commons}}
|year=1875|publisher=House of Commons}}
⚫
*{{cite book |author=Great Britain. House of Commons|title=Accounts and papers of the House of Commons
*{{cite book |ref=harv
⚫
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ozlcAAAAQAAJ&pg=RA1-PA50|access-date=24 October 2012
⚫
|author=Great Britain. House of Commons|title=Accounts and papers of the House of Commons
⚫
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=ozlcAAAAQAAJ&pg=RA1-PA50|accessdate=24 October 2012
|year=1876|publisher=Ordered to be printed|page=50}}
|year=1876|publisher=Ordered to be printed|page=50}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}

⚫
{{Gibraltar-stub}}
⚫
{{fort-stub}}
{{Fortifications of Gibraltar}}
{{Fortifications of Gibraltar}}


[[Category:Fortifications of Gibraltar]]
[[Category:Barracks in Gibraltar]]


⚫
{{Gibraltar-struct-stub}}
⚫
{{fort-stub}}

Latest revision as of 06:32, 26 August 2023

For other uses, see Grand Casemates (disambiguation).

Grand Casemates
Part of Fortifications of Gibraltar
Grand Casemates Square, Gibraltar
View of Grand Casemates from Grand Casemates Square.
Tunnel running north-south through Grand Casemates connecting Lanport to Grand Casemates Square.
Grand Casemates is located in Gibraltar
Grand Casemates
Grand Casemates
Coordinates36°08′42″N 5°21′09″W / 36.145133°N 5.352448°W / 36.145133; -5.352448
Site information
OwnerGovernment of Gibraltar
Open to
the public		Yes
Site history
Built1817 (1817)

The Grand Casemates is a building in Grand Casemates Square, Gibraltar, that was originally a fortified barracks and casemate. It is beside Grand Casemates Gates, which leads through the former town wall.

History

[edit]

Construction of the Grand Casemates bombproof barracks began in the 1770s under Colonel William Green, Gibraltar's Chief Engineer, but the building was only completed in 1817 during the governorship of General Sir George Don.[1][2]

Hygiene was initially primitive. In 1865 there was an outbreak of cholera in the barracks, with several soldiers dying.[3] In 1868 ablutions and bath rooms had recently been fitted up in the barracks, Jenning's fitments (flush toilets) had been installed in the soldier's latrines and the drainage system overhauled.[4] However, as of 1874 none of the barracks in Gibraltar had baths, and Grand Casemates was the only one with footpans that could be used to hold water for the men to wash themselves.[5] In 1888 it was found that, due to faulty drains, sewage had been soaking into the ground near the soldiers rooms. It was thought that this was the cause of the high incidence of fever in the barracks.[6]

For a period, the barracks were home to about two thousand workers from Morocco.[7] More recently, Grand Casemates has been restored and converted for commercial use with restaurants and shops.[8] The building today houses an arts and crafts exhibition hall on the second floor.[9]

References

[edit]

Citations

  1. ^ Casemate Square - GTG.
  2. ^ Finlayson & Fa 2006, p. 31.
  3. ^ Great Britain. House of Commons 1875, p. 50ff.
  4. ^ Army medical department 1870, p. 53.
  5. ^ Great Britain. House of Commons 1874, p. 60.
  6. ^ Great Britain. House of Commons 1876, p. 50.
  7. ^ Facaros & Pauls 2008, p. 230.
  8. ^ Finlayson & Fa 2006, p. 54.
  9. ^ Gibraltar - Main Sights.

Sources

  • Army medical department (1870). Army medical department Report for the year 1868. Retrieved 24 October 2012.
  • "Casemate Square". Gibraltar Travel Guide. Archived from the original on 1 April 2018. Retrieved 24 October 2012.
  • Facaros, Dana; Pauls, Michael (15 April 2008). Andalucia, 8th. New Holland Publishers. ISBN 978-1-86011-389-5. Retrieved 24 October 2012.
  • Finlayson, Clive; Fa, Darren (31 October 2006). The Fortifications of Gibraltar 1068-1945. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84603-016-1. Retrieved 24 October 2012.
  • "Gibraltar - Main Sights: Places to See". Andalucia.com. Retrieved 24 October 2012.
  • Great Britain. House of Commons (1874). Accounts and papers of the House of Commons. Ordered to be printed. p. 60. Retrieved 24 October 2012.
  • Great Britain. House of Commons (1875). Reports from commissioners. House of Commons. Retrieved 24 October 2012.
  • Great Britain. House of Commons (1876). Accounts and papers of the House of Commons. Ordered to be printed. p. 50. Retrieved 24 October 2012.


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