Battle of Resaena: Difference between revisions

Battle of Resaena
	Part of Roman-Persian Wars
Date	243
Location	Resaena, Mesopotamia (Ras al-Ayn, Syria)
Result	Roman victory
Belligerents
Roman Empire	Sasanian Empire
Commanders and leaders
Gordian III; Timesitheus	Shapur I

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The Battle of Resaena or Resaina, near present-day Ceylanpınar, Turkey, was fought in 243 between the forces of the Roman Empire, led by the Emperor Gordian III and the Praetorian Prefect Timesitheus against the Sasanian Empire's forces during the reign of Shapur I.^[1] The Romans were victorious.^[1]

Background

The battle was fought during a campaign ordered by Emperor Gordian III to reoccupy the cities of Hatra, Nisibis,^[1] and Carrhae. These territories had been conquered by Shapur and his father, Ardashir I, when the Roman Empire plunged into the Crisis of the Third Century, a conflict among several pretenders to the imperial throne.^[1]

Aftermath

Following this victory, the Roman legions recovered Nisibis and Singara, and advanced by way of the Khabur to the Euphrates, intending to take Ctesiphon. However, Gordian's army was defeated at the battle of Misiche in 244^[3] and the Roman Emperor was either killed during the battle^[4] or assassinated afterwards.^[5]

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East, ed. Spencer C. Tucker, (ABC-CLIO, 2010), 147.
^ Elliott, S. (2023). Legacy of rome: How the Roman Empire shaped the modern world. History Press Limited, The.
^ Maria Brosius, The Persians, (Routledge, 2006), 144.
^ The Sasanians, Richard N. Frye, The Cambridge Ancient History: Volume 12, The Crisis of Empire, AD 193-337, ed. Alan Bowman, Peter Garnsey, Averil Cameron, (Cambridge University Press, 2005), 468.
^ Trevor Bryce, Ancient Syria: A Three Thousand Year History, (Oxford University Press, 2014), 265.

36°51′1.08″N 40°4′14.16″E / 36.8503000°N 40.0706000°E / 36.8503000; 40.0706000

This article about a battle or war of Ancient Roman history is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[Tucker147-1] A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East, ed. Spencer C. Tucker, (ABC-CLIO, 2010), 147.

[Late-2] Elliott, S. (2023). Legacy of rome: How the Roman Empire shaped the modern world. History Press Limited, The.

[3] Maria Brosius, The Persians, (Routledge, 2006), 144.

[4] The Sasanians, Richard N. Frye, The Cambridge Ancient History: Volume 12, The Crisis of Empire, AD 193-337, ed. Alan Bowman, Peter Garnsey, Averil Cameron, (Cambridge University Press, 2005), 468.

[5] Trevor Bryce, Ancient Syria: A Three Thousand Year History, (Oxford University Press, 2014), 265.

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[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Battle between Roman and Sasanian forces (243)}}
-{{Infobox military conflict|
+{{Infobox military conflict
-image=|
+| image             =
-caption=|
+| caption           =
-conflict=Battle of Resaena|
+| conflict          = Battle of Resaena
-partof=[[Roman-Persian Wars]]|
+| partof            = [[Roman-Persian Wars]]
-date=243|
+| date              = 243
-place=[[Resaena]], [[Mesopotamia]] ([[Ras al-Ayn, al-Hasakah|Ras al-Ayn]], [[Syria]])|
-result= Roman victory<ref name="Tucker147">''A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East'', ed. Spencer C. Tucker, (ABC-CLIO, 2010), 147.</ref>|
+| place             = [[Resaena]], [[Mesopotamia]] ([[Ras al-Ayn, al-Hasakah|Ras al-Ayn]], [[Syria]])
+| result            = Roman victory<ref name="Tucker147">''A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East'', ed. Spencer C. Tucker, (ABC-CLIO, 2010), 147.</ref>
-combatant1=[[Roman Empire]] |
+| combatant1        = [[Roman Empire]]
-combatant2=[[Sassanid Empire]]|
+| combatant2        = [[Sasanian Empire]]
-commander1=[[Gordian III]]<br>[[Gaius Furius Sabinius Aquila Timesitheus|Timesitheus]]|
+| commander1        = [[Gordian III]]<br>[[Gaius Furius Sabinius Aquila Timesitheus|Timesitheus]]
+| commander2        = [[Shapur I]]<ref name=Late>Elliott, S. (2023). Legacy of rome: How the Roman Empire shaped the modern world. History Press Limited, The.</ref>
-commander2=[[Shapur I]]|
-strength1=|
+| strength1         =
-strength2=|
+| strength2         =
-casualties1=|
+| casualties1       =
-casualties2=|
+| casualties2       = |
 }}
 {{Campaignbox Roman-Persian Wars}}
 {{Campaignbox Crisis of the Third Century}}
-The '''Battle of Resaena''' or '''Resaina''', near present-day [[Ceylanpınar]], [[Turkey]], was fought in 243 AD between the forces of the [[Roman Empire]], led by the Emperor [[Gordian III]] and the [[Praetorian Prefect]] [[Gaius Furius Sabinius Aquila Timesitheus|Timesitheus]] against a [[Sassanid Empire]] army, led by King [[Shapur I]].<ref name="Tucker147" />  The Romans were victorious.<ref name="Tucker147" />
+The '''Battle of Resaena''' or '''Resaina''', near present-day [[Ceylanpınar]], [[Turkey]], was fought in 243 between the forces of the [[Roman Empire]], led by the Emperor [[Gordian III]] and the [[Praetorian Prefect]] [[Gaius Furius Sabinius Aquila Timesitheus|Timesitheus]] against the [[Sasanian Empire]]'s forces during the reign of [[Shapur I]].<ref name="Tucker147" /> The Romans were victorious.<ref name="Tucker147" />
 ==Background==
+{{see also|Fall of Hatra}}
-The battle was fought during a campaign ordered by Emperor [[Gordian III]] to retake the Roman cities of [[Hatra]], [[Nisibis]]<ref name="Tucker147" /> and [[Carrhae]]. These territories had been conquered by Shapur and his father, [[Ardashir I]], when the Roman Empire plunged into the [[Crisis of the Third Century]], a conflict amongst several pretenders to the imperial throne.<ref name="Tucker147" />
+The battle was fought during a campaign ordered by Emperor [[Gordian III]] to reoccupy the cities of [[Hatra]], [[Nisibis]],<ref name="Tucker147" /> and [[Carrhae]]. These territories had been conquered by Shapur and his father, [[Ardashir I]], when the Roman Empire plunged into the [[Crisis of the Third Century]], a conflict among several pretenders to the imperial throne.<ref name="Tucker147" />
 ==Aftermath==
-Following this victory the Roman legions recovered Nisibis and [[Singara]], and advanced by way of the [[Khabur]] to the Euphrates. Intending to take [[Ctesiphon]], Gordian's army was defeated at the [[battle of Misiche]] in 244.<ref>Maria Brosius, ''The Persians'', (Routledge, 2006), 144.</ref> Gordian was either killed during the battle<ref>''The Sasanians'', Richard N. Frye, '''The Cambridge Ancient History: Volume 12, The Crisis of Empire, AD 193-337''', ed. Alan Bowman, Peter Garnsey, Averil Cameron, (Cambridge University Press, 2005), 468.</ref> or assassinated afterwards.<ref>Trevor Bryce, ''Ancient Syria: A Three Thousand Year History'', (Oxford University Press, 2014), 265.</ref>
+Following this victory, the Roman legions recovered Nisibis and [[Singara]], and advanced by way of the [[Khabur (Euphrates)|Khabur]] to the Euphrates, intending to take [[Ctesiphon]]. However, [[Gordian III|Gordian]]'s army was defeated at the [[battle of Misiche]] in 244<ref>Maria Brosius, ''The Persians'', (Routledge, 2006), 144.</ref> and the Roman Emperor was either killed during the battle<ref>''The Sasanians'', Richard N. Frye, '''The Cambridge Ancient History: Volume 12, The Crisis of Empire, AD 193-337''', ed. Alan Bowman, Peter Garnsey, [[Averil Cameron]], (Cambridge University Press, 2005), 468.</ref> or assassinated afterwards.<ref>Trevor Bryce, ''Ancient Syria: A Three Thousand Year History'', (Oxford University Press, 2014), 265.</ref>
 ==Notes==
@@ Line 30: / Line 32: @@
 {{coord|36|51|1.08|N|40|4|14.16|E|display=title}}
-[[Category:243 in Asia]]
+[[Category:243]]
 [[Category:240s conflicts|Resaena]]
 [[Category:Battles involving the Roman Empire|Resaena 243]]
 [[Category:Battles of the Roman–Sasanian Wars|Resaena]]
-[[Category:3rd century in the Roman Empire]]
-[[Category:3rd century in Asia]]
 [[Category:3rd century in Iran]]
-[[Category:243 in the Roman Empire]]
+[[Category:240s in the Roman Empire]]