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{{Short description|Cave and eponymous archaeological site of the Châtelperronian in central France}} |
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| ⚫ | '''La Grotte des Fées''' is a cave located in [[Châtelperron]], in the [[ |
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{{Infobox ancient site |
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| name = La Grotte des Fées |
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| native_name = '''La Grotte des Fées''' |
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| alternate_name = |
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| image = |
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| image_size = 240 |
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| alt = |
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| caption = |
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| map_type = France |
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| map_alt = La Grotte des Fées in France |
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| map_caption = Location in France |
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| map_size = 240 |
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| relief = yes |
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| coordinates = {{coord|46|24|42|N|3|38|18.6|E|display=inline,title}} |
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| location = [[Châtelperron]] |
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| region = [[Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes]], [[France]] |
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| type = |
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| length = |
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| height = |
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| depth = |
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| builder = |
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| material = |
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| built = |
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| abandoned = |
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| cultures = |
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| excavations = |
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}} |
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== Description == |
== Description == |
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The name refers to three caves, |
The name refers to three caves, of which one is collapsed. |
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== Location == |
== Location == |
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The caves are located in the commune of |
The caves are located in the commune of Châtelperron, about 1 km north of the town, on the left bank of the Graveron River at 5 or 6 m above stream level. |
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They are situated 1 km north of the town, on the left bank of the [[Graveron]] (03° 03’ 18”E, 46°24’42”N), à 5 ou 6 m}} above stream level. |
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== History == |
== History == |
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Two interlinked caves were first discovered around 1840, perhaps in |
Two interlinked caves were first discovered around 1840, perhaps in 1848, during the construction of the railway<ref>The railway line, which followed the Graveron hollow, has disappeared, where a path now runs.</ref> which used to link the mines from [[Bert, Allier|Bert]] to [[Dompierre-sur-Besbre]].<ref name="zilhao">For the delving research results, see : João Zilhão, Francesco d’Errico, Jean-Guillaume Bordes, Arnaud Lenoble, Jean-Pierre Texier et Jean-Philippe Rigaud, « La Grotte des Fées (Châtelperron, Allier) ou une stratification « Châtelperronien-Aurignacien » illusoire. Histoire des fouilles, stratigraphie et datations », ''Paléo'', 19, 2007, pp. 391-432. [http://paleo.revues.org/index721.html viewable online].</ref> The first delving research was led by Albert Poirrier, who carried out the construction of the railway line and who had a keen interest in prehistory. A few years later, between 1867 and 1872, Dr. Guillaume Bailleau undertook new research. A third cave (today collapsed), was discovered in 1867 by Bailleau. Several thousand flint blades and [[mammoth]] tusks of over {{convert|2|metres}} long were found. The last research, from 1951 to 1954 and in 1962, was led by Henri Delporte and revealed back blades of flint (named "couteaux de Châtelperron"), burins, drills and scrapers. |
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Most of the |
Most of the artifacts are today located at the [[British Museum]] and at the [[University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology|Philadelphia Museum]]. A few pieces are on display at the [[Moulins, Allier|Moulins]] museum and at the [[Musée d'Archéologie Nationale]] at [[Saint-Germain-en-Laye]]. The display at Châtelperron (Préhistorama, located in the former railway station) has only reproductions for the time being. |
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It is to |
It is to the Grotte des Fées that the [[Châtelperronian]] era ({{formatnum:35000}}–{{formatnum:30000}} B.C.) owes its name. Delving results have also sparked the debated theory of the hypothetical cohabitation between [[Homo sapiens|anatomically modern humans]] and [[Neanderthal]]s.<ref name="zilhao" /> |
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The site was |
The site was registered by the [[French Ministry of Culture]] as a ''[[monument historique]]'' in 1949.<ref name="Grottes préhistoriques deux"/> |
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<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px" perrow="4"> |
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Châtelperron - grotte des fées - 1.jpg |
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Châtelperron - grotte des fées - 2.jpg |
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Châtelperron - grotte des fées - 3.jpg |
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File:Grotte des Fees de Chatelperron mod.jpg|Inside topography |
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</gallery> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{ |
{{Reflist|2}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Fées, |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Grotte des Fées, La}} |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:1848 archaeological discoveries]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Caves of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes|Fees, grotte des]] |
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[[Category:Landforms of Allier]] |
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[[Category:Upper Paleolithic sites in Europe]] |
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[[Category:Prehistoric sites in France]] |
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Latest revision as of 20:49, 12 September 2023
La Grotte des Fées | |
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  Location in France | |
| Location | Châtelperron |
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| Region | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France |
| Coordinates | 46°24′42″N 3°38′18.6″E / 46.41167°N 3.638500°E |
La Grotte des Fées is a cave located in Châtelperron, in the central French department of Allier.[1]
Description
[edit]The name refers to three caves, of which one is collapsed.
Location
[edit]The caves are located in the commune of Châtelperron, about 1 km north of the town, on the left bank of the Graveron River at 5 or 6 m above stream level.
They belong to the Massif Central.
History
[edit]Two interlinked caves were first discovered around 1840, perhaps in 1848, during the construction of the railway[2] which used to link the mines from Bert to Dompierre-sur-Besbre.[3] The first delving research was led by Albert Poirrier, who carried out the construction of the railway line and who had a keen interest in prehistory. A few years later, between 1867 and 1872, Dr. Guillaume Bailleau undertook new research. A third cave (today collapsed), was discovered in 1867 by Bailleau. Several thousand flint blades and mammoth tusks of over 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) long were found. The last research, from 1951 to 1954 and in 1962, was led by Henri Delporte and revealed back blades of flint (named "couteaux de Châtelperron"), burins, drills and scrapers.
Most of the artifacts are today located at the British Museum and at the Philadelphia Museum. A few pieces are on display at the Moulins museum and at the Musée d'Archéologie Nationale at Saint-Germain-en-Laye. The display at Châtelperron (Préhistorama, located in the former railway station) has only reproductions for the time being.
It is to the Grotte des Fées that the Châtelperronian era (35,000–30,000 B.C.) owes its name. Delving results have also sparked the debated theory of the hypothetical cohabitation between anatomically modern humans and Neanderthals.[3]
The site was registered by the French Ministry of Culture as a monument historique in 1949.[1]
-
-
-
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Inside topography
References
[edit]- ^ a b Base Mérimée: Grottes préhistoriques (deux), Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
- ^ The railway line, which followed the Graveron hollow, has disappeared, where a path now runs.
- ^ a b For the delving research results, see : João Zilhão, Francesco d’Errico, Jean-Guillaume Bordes, Arnaud Lenoble, Jean-Pierre Texier et Jean-Philippe Rigaud, « La Grotte des Fées (Châtelperron, Allier) ou une stratification « Châtelperronien-Aurignacien » illusoire. Histoire des fouilles, stratigraphie et datations », Paléo, 19, 2007, pp. 391-432. viewable online.
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