Ethel Rhind: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Irish stained-glass and mosaic artist}} |
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{{Infobox artist |
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| nationality = Irish |
| nationality = Irish |
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| education = |
| education = |
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| alma_mater = School of Art |
| alma_mater = [[Belfast School of Art]], [[National College of Art and Design|Dublin Metropolitan School of Art]] |
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| known_for = [[Stained-glass]] and [[mosaic]] design |
| known_for = [[Stained-glass]] and [[mosaic]] design |
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| notable_works = |
| notable_works = |
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'''Ethel Rhind''' (1 December 1877 – 6 March 1952) was an Irish [[stained-glass]] and [[mosaic]] artist, |
'''Ethel Rhind''' (1 December 1877 – 6 March 1952) was an Irish [[stained-glass]] and [[mosaic]] artist, who was associated with [[An Túr Gloine]]. |
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==Life and education== |
==Life and education== |
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Rhind was born on 1 December 1877 in Arrah, Bihar, India. Her father was Robert Hunter Rhind, a civil engineer born in [[Edinburgh]], who was working in the Indian civil service. Her mother, Hannah Rhind (née Tate), was from [[Whiteabbey]], [[County Antrim]], and was a relative of the Gore-Booth family of [[Lissadell House]], [[County Sligo]]. |
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Rhind was born 1 December 1877 in Arrah, Bihar, India. Her father was Robert Hunter Rhind, a civil engineer born in [[Edinburgh]], who was working in the Indian civil service. Her mother, Hannah Rhind (née Tate), was from [[White Abbey]], [[County Antrim]], and was a relative of the Gore-Booth family of [[Lissadell House]], [[County Sligo]]. Rhind was educated at Londonderry High School, and later the School of Art, Belfast where she earned an art teacher's certificate in 1900.<ref name=Devine /> In 1902, she was awarded a scholarship to study mosaic under Miss Holloway at the [[National College of Art and Design|Dublin Metropolitan School of Art]]. Rhind was an early student of [[Alfred E. Child]], who taught stained glass craft. Her student work was exhibited at the [[Irish International Exhibition]] in 1907.<ref name=IAA>{{cite web|title=RHIND, ETHEL|url=http://www.dia.ie/architects/view/4528/RHIND-ETHEL*|website=Dictionary of Irish Architects 1720–1940|publisher=Irish Architectural Archive|accessdate=1 June 2015}}</ref> Rhind entered [[Sarah Purser]]'s [[An Túr Gloine]] in 1907–1908 to work on stained glass and ''[[opus sectile]]''.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Casey|first1=Christine|title=Dublin: The City Within the Grand and Royal Canals and the Circular Road with the Phoenix Park|date=2005|publisher=Yale University Press|location=London|isbn=9780300109238|page=63}}</ref> Rhind died 6 March 1952 in a nursing home in [[Dún Laoghaire]].<ref name=Devine>{{cite book|last1=Devine|first1=Ruth|editor1-last=McGuire|editor1-first=James|editor2-last=Quinn|editor2-first=James|title=Dictionary of Irish Biography|date=2009|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|chapter=Rhind, Ethel}}</ref> |
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Rhind was educated at [[Foyle College|Londonderry High School]], and later the [[Belfast School of Art]] where she earned an art teacher's certificate in 1900.<ref name=Devine /> In 1902, she was awarded a scholarship to study mosaic under Miss Holloway at the [[National College of Art and Design|Dublin Metropolitan School of Art]]. Rhind was an early student of [[Alfred E. Child]], who taught stained glass craft. Her student work was exhibited at the [[Irish International Exhibition]] in 1907.<ref name=IAA>{{cite web|title=RHIND, ETHEL|url=http://www.dia.ie/architects/view/4528/RHIND-ETHEL*|website=Dictionary of Irish Architects 1720–1940|publisher=Irish Architectural Archive|access-date=1 June 2015}}</ref> |
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⚫ | [[File:Castletownbere Sacred Heart Church Right Side Altar Window 2017 08 29.jpg|thumb|Stained glass window by Ethel Rhind in Sacred Heart Church, [[Castletownbere]]. This work was created in 1910 and depicts [[Margaret Mary Alacoque]] receiving the revelation of the [[Sacred Heart]].<ref>{{cite book |first1=Nicola Gordon |last1=Bowe |first2=David |last2=Caron |first3=Michael |last3=Wynne |title=Gazetteer of Irish Stained Glass |publisher=Irish Academic Press |location=Dublin |date=1988 |isbn=0-7165-2413-9 |pages=38}}</ref>]] |
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⚫ | Some of her earliest work is in the window ''Harmony and Fortitude'' in Lissadell church for the Gore-Booths |
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She entered [[Sarah Purser]]'s [[An Túr Gloine]] in 1907–1908 to work on stained glass and ''[[opus sectile]]''.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Casey|first1=Christine|title=Dublin: The City Within the Grand and Royal Canals and the Circular Road with the Phoenix Park|date=2005|publisher=Yale University Press|location=London|isbn=9780300109238|page=63}}</ref> Rhind died 6 March 1952 in a nursing home in [[Dún Laoghaire]].<ref name=Devine>{{cite book|last1=Devine|first1=Ruth|editor1-last=McGuire|editor1-first=James|editor2-last=Quinn|editor2-first=James|title=Dictionary of Irish Biography|date=2009|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|chapter=Rhind, Ethel}}</ref> |
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⚫ | Her work in the ''opus sectile'' medium was seen as very progressive and her most significant contribution to the reputation of An Túr Gloine.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Sawyer|first1=Roger|title=We Are But Women: Women in Ireland's History|date=2002|publisher=Routledge|location=London|isbn=9781134931255|page=66}}</ref> Some of her most noted works in were the stations of the cross made in St Enda's church, [[Spiddal]], [[County Galway]] (1916–28), the stations made in [[Loughrea]] cathedral (1929–33), and her 1921 war memorial ''Archangel Michael'' on the exterior wall of [[All Saints Church, Grangegorman]], Dublin.<ref name=Devine /><ref name=Glasgow /> Her work incorporated stone, glass, and shell, rather than the more traditional tiny tiles or tesserae.<ref name=IAA /> |
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⚫ | |||
==Stained Glass and Mosaic Catalogue Raisonné== |
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⚫ | [[File:Castletownbere Sacred Heart Church Right Side Altar Window 2017 08 29.jpg|thumb|Stained glass window by Ethel Rhind in Sacred Heart Church, [[Castletownbere]]. This work was created in 1910 and depicts [[Margaret Mary Alacoque]] receiving the revelation of the [[Sacred Heart]].<ref>{{cite book |first1=Nicola Gordon |last1=Bowe |first2=David |last2=Caron |first3=Michael |last3=Wynne |title=Gazetteer of Irish Stained Glass |url=https://archive.org/details/gazetteerofirish0000bowe |url-access=registration |publisher=Irish Academic Press |location=Dublin |date=1988 |isbn=0-7165-2413-9 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/gazetteerofirish0000bowe/page/38 38]}}</ref>]] |
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⚫ | Some of her earliest work is in the window ''Harmony and Fortitude'' in Lissadell church for the Gore-Booths which was created in 1907. In 1908 she won first prize at the [[Royal Dublin Society]] for her window in the Old Court chapel, [[Strangford]], [[County Down]].<ref name=Glasgow>{{cite web|title=Miss Ethel Rhind|url=http://sculpture.gla.ac.uk/view/person.php?id=msib3_1216297967|website=Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851–1951|publisher=University of Glasgow History of Art and HATII|access-date=1 June 2015}}</ref> Most of her work was for Church of Ireland churches, though she also designed for the [[Presbyterianism|Presbyterian]] church, York Road, [[Dún Laoghaire]], The Honan chapel, [[University College Cork]], and her ''St Carthage'' series.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Honan Chapel & Collection – Virtual Tour|url=http://honan.ucc.ie/vrtour.php?media=stCarthage|website=Honan Chapel & Collection Online|access-date=1 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151118223618/http://honan.ucc.ie/vrtour.php?media=stCarthage|archive-date=18 November 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> During this time, she lived with her sister Sophia, who was a secretary with the [[Royal Irish Academy]], in Dublin. When [[Wilhelmina Geddes]] left An Túr Gloine due to ill health, Rhind completed her designs. Rhind also worked closely with [[Catherine Amelia O’Brien|Catherine O'Brien]].<ref name="Gordon Bowe BC">{{cite web|last1=Gordon Bowe|first1=Nicola|title=The Tower of Glass An Túr Gloine and the early 20th century stained glass revival in Ireland|url=http://www.buildingconservation.com/articles/towerofglass/towerofglass.htm|website=Building Conservation|access-date=3 June 2015}}</ref> From 1917, she was a member of the Guild of Craft Workers.<ref name=Devine /> |
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⚫ | Her work in the ''opus sectile'' medium was seen as very progressive and her most significant contribution to the reputation of An Túr Gloine.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Sawyer|first1=Roger|title=We Are But Women: Women in Ireland's History|date=2002|publisher=Routledge|location=London|isbn=9781134931255|page=66}}</ref> Some of her most noted works in were the stations of the cross made in St Enda's church, [[Spiddal]], [[County Galway]] (1916–28), the stations made in [[Loughrea]] cathedral (1929–33), and her 1921 war memorial ''Archangel Michael'' on the exterior wall of [[All Saints Church, Grangegorman]], Dublin.<ref name=Devine /><ref name=Glasgow /> Her work incorporated stone, glass, and shell, rather than the more traditional tiny tiles or tesserae.<ref name=IAA /> |
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*''St John'' (Attributed), (1906), [[St Eunan's Cathedral, Raphoe]], [[County Donegal]] |
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*''St Luke'' (Attributed), (1906), [[St Eunan's Cathedral, Raphoe]], [[County Donegal]] |
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*''St Eunan'' (1906), Painted by Ethel Rhind by designed by [[Sarah Purser]], [[St Eunan's Cathedral, Raphoe]], [[County Donegal]] |
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*''Harmony and Fortitude'' (1907), Church of Ireland [[Lissadell]] (near [[Lissadell House]]), [[County Sligo]] |
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*''Title unknown'' (1907) (may have been destroyed in war), Church of England (St Nicholas'), [[Sutton, London]], [[England]] |
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*''SS Peter, Patrick, Columba, Andrew'' (1908), De Ross Church of Ireland family chapel, [[Old Court, Strangford|Old Court]] near [[Strangford, [[County Down]] |
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*''Martha and the Resurrection; Mary Magdalen washing the feet of Christ; the seven gifts of the Holy Spirit'' (Attributed), (1908), Church of Ireland, [[Kinnitty]], [[County Offaly]] |
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*''The parables of the good and faithful servants and of the prudent virgins'' (1909), Presbyterian Church, York Road, [[Dún Laoghaire]], [[County Dublin]] |
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*''Mary of Bethany'' (1909), Church of Ireland [[Aughnacloy, County Tyrone]] |
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*''Faith'' (1909), Church of Ireland, [[Tissaran]], [[County Offaly]] |
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*''The Annunciation'' (Attributed), (1910), Catholic Church, [[Castletownbere]], [[County Cork]] |
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*''St Peter enthrowned'', (circa 1910), Catholic Church, Labane, near [[Ardrahan]], [[County Galway]] |
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*''Fortitude'' (Attributed), (1910), Church of Ireland, [[Howth]], [[County Dublin]] |
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*''St Michael'' (Attributed), (1910), Presbyterian Hall [[Ballinasloe]], [[County Galway]] |
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*''St John'' (Attributed), (1910), Church of Ireland [[Knockainey]], [[County Limerick]] |
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*''Pilgrim's Progress'' (Attributed), (1913), Presbyterian Church, Townsend Street, [[Belfast]], [[County Antrim]] |
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*''St Asicus'' (Attributed), (1910), Catholic Church, [[Tibohine]], [[County Roscommon]] |
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*''St Baithen'' (Attributed), (1910), Catholic Church, [[Tibohine]], [[County Roscommon]] |
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*''Two very small decorative windows'' (Attributed), (1910), Catholic Church, [[Tibohine]], [[County Roscommon]] |
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*''St Elizabeth'', (circa 1910 - 12), (designed by [[Christopher Whall]] and painted by Ethel Rhind, Catholic Church, Labane, near [[Ardrahan]], [[County Galway]] |
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*''St Charles Borromeo'' (Attributed), (1912), [[Cathedral of St. Eunan and St. Columba]], [[Letterkenny]], [[County Donegal]] |
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*''The Adoration of the Shepherds, the Resurrection, and the Last Judgement '', (Attributed), (1913 —14), Church of Ireland, [[Croom, County Limerick]] |
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*''The legend of St Brendan (I)'' (Attributed), (1914), Chapel of [[St. Brendan's College, Killarney]], [[County Kerry]] |
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*''The legend of St Brendan (II)'' (Attributed), (1914), Chapel of [[St. Brendan's College, Killarney]], [[County Kerry]] |
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*''The Institution of the Eucharist, with Judas, St John, Blessed Virgin Mary, the miraculous draft of fish'', (Attributed), (1915), Church of Ireland, [[Magheralin]], [[County Down]] |
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*''A soldier led to Christ'' (Attributed), (1915), Church of Ireland, [[St. Ann's Church, Dawson Street]], [[Dublin]] |
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*''Two decorative windows, each with an angel in a medallion'', (1915), Church of Ireland [[Ballymacormick]], [[County Longford]] |
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*''Praise the Lord'' (1916), Church of Ireland, [[St. Nahi's Church, Dundrum]], [[Dublin]] |
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*''Censing angel, trumpeting angel'' (Attributed), (1917), Church of Ireland, [[All Saints' Church, Raheny]], [[Raheny]], [[County Dublin]] |
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*''The Crown of Life; war memorial'' (Attributed), (1918), [[St Canice's Cathedral]], [[Kilkenny]] |
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*''Stations of the Cross'' opus-sectile panels, (1918 — 1928), Catholic Church, [[Spiddal]], [[County Galway]] |
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*''St Mark'' (Attributed), (1919), Church of Ireland [[Knockainey]], [[County Limerick]] |
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*''Virtuous woman'', (1919), Church of Ireland [[Farnaught]], [[County Leitrim]] |
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*''St Cecelia and the Good Samaritan'' (1920), Church of Ireland, [[Armagh]] (St Mark's), [[County Armagh]] |
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*''St Killian, St Michael, and St George'' (Attributed), (1920), Church of Ireland, [[Howth]], [[County Dublin]] |
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*''The Resurrection'' (Attributed), (1920), Church of Ireland, [[Kilcullen]], [[County Kildare]] |
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*''"He hath delivered by soul in peace"'' (Attributed), (1920), Church of Ireland, [[Kilcullen]], [[County Kildare]] |
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*''Archangel Michael'' (1921), opus-sectile mosaic panel on exterior of Church of Ireland, [[Grangegorman]], [[Dublin]] |
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*''The Risen Christ'' (1921), opus-sectile mosaic panel, [[St Columba's College, Dublin]] |
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*''The Good Shepherd, Mary of Bethany, David'' (1921), Church of England [[St Peter's Church, Wallsend]], [[Northumberland]], [[England]] |
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*''Parables'' (1921–22), (Attributed), Presbyterian Church, Townsend Street, [[Belfast]], [[County Antrim]] |
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*''The miraculous draft of fishes, and the parable of the leaven'' (1922), Presbyterian Church, York Road, [[Dún Laoghaire]], [[County Dublin]] |
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*''Fortitude'', (1923), Church of Ireland [[Farnaught]], [[County Leitrim]] |
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*''The Lord Triumphant'', (opus-sectile mosaic; three panels), (1923), Church of Ireland, [[Magheralin]], [[County Down]] |
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*''Two angels holding a scroll'' opus-sectile mosaic panel (circa 1924), Church of Ireland [[Gorey]], [[County Wexford]] |
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*''Virtuous Woman and Beloved Physician'' (1926), Church of Ireland, [[Armagh]] (St Mark's), [[County Armagh]] |
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*''St John and the Blessed Virgin Mary'' (Attributed), (1926), Church of Ireland, (St Mary's), [[Glenville, County Cork|Glenville]], County Cork]] |
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*''The Crucifixion with the Blessed Virgin Mary and St John'' (1927), Church of Ireland at [[St. Dympna's Hospital]], [[Carlow]], [[County Carlow]] |
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*''St Andrew'' (Attributed), (1927), Church of Ireland, [[Malahide]], [[County Dublin]] |
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*''St Catherine of Alexandria'' (1927), [[Newton Country Day School]], [[Newton, Massachusetts]] |
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*''Charity: Phebe'' (1928), opus-sectile mosaic panel, Church of Ireland, Donor Avenue (St Catherine and St James), Dublin, formerly in the St Peter's, Aungier Street, [[Dublin]] |
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*''Memorial to [[Eva Gore-Booth]]'', (1928), formerly in Manchester University Settlement Chapel, [[Ancoats Hall]], Every Street, [[Ancoats]], [[Manchester]], [[England]] |
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*''St John'' (1929), Church of Ireland, [[Carrickfergus]], [[County Antrim]] |
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*''Stations of the Cross'' opus-sectile panels, (1929 -1932), [[St Brendan's Cathedral, Loughrea]], [[County Galway]] |
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*''Dorcas seated'' (1933), Methodist Church, [[Sandymount]], [[Dublin]] |
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*''The holy women at the tomb'', (1933), Church of Ireland [[Ardbraccan]], [[County Meath]] |
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*''St Peter's Archbasilica, Rome; Fountain of Grace'' (circa 1934), [[Brophy College Preparatory]], [[Phoenix, Arizona]] |
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*''Stations of the Cross'' opus-sectile panels, (1934 - 1936), [[Franciscan Friary (St Anthony's), Athlone]], [[County Westmeath]] |
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*''The Nativity with the annunciation to the shepherds'' (1936), Church of Ireland at [[St. Dympna's Hospital]], [[Carlow]], [[County Carlow]] |
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*''The Resurrection with the three Marys at the tomb of Christ'' (1936), Church of Ireland at [[St. Dympna's Hospital]], [[Carlow]], [[County Carlow]] |
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*''The Good Samaritan'' (Attributed), (1937), Unitarian Church, [[Dublin]] |
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*''St Modomndoc'', (1937), Church of Ireland [[Farnaught]], [[County Leitrim]] |
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*''St John the Baptist in the wilderness'' (1938), Church of Ireland at [[St. Dympna's Hospital]], [[Carlow]], [[County Carlow]] |
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*''St Stephen'' (1938), Church of Ireland at [[St. Dympna's Hospital]], [[Carlow]], [[County Carlow]] |
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*''The Good Samaritan and the parable of the lost groat'' (1952), Presbyterian Church, York Road, [[Dún Laoghaire]], [[County Dublin]] |
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The 1912 tapestry, ''Smuainteach'', was designed by Rhind and woven by the Dún Emer Guild in Dundrum, which is in the collections of the [[National Museum of Ireland]]. Her designs for both stained glass and ''opus sectile'' were featured at the Arts and Crafts Society of Ireland in 1910, 1917, and 1921.<ref name=Devine /> Two of her pieces of stained glass are in the United States, one in the Sacred Heart Convent chapel in [[Newton, Massachusetts]], and the second in [[Brophy College Chapel]], Arizona. Rhind retired from the studio in 1939.<ref name=Devine /> |
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==See also== |
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*[[An Túr Gloine]] |
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*[[List of Irish artists]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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*[http://www.gloine.ie/gloine/search/window/artist.70/results List of Rhind's work] |
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{{Authority control}} |
{{Authority control}} |
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{{British and Irish stained glass}} |
{{British and Irish stained glass}} |
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[[Category:Irish stained glass artists and manufacturers]] |
[[Category:Irish stained glass artists and manufacturers]] |
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[[Category:Alumni of the National College of Art and Design]] |
[[Category:Alumni of the National College of Art and Design]] |
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[[Category:Irish expatriates in British India]] |
Latest revision as of 11:19, 21 September 2023
Ethel Rhind | |
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Born | 1 December 1877 Arrah, Bihar, India |
Died | 6 March 1952 Dún Laoghaire, County Dublin, Ireland | (aged 74)
Nationality | Irish |
Alma mater | Belfast School of Art, Dublin Metropolitan School of Art |
Known for | Stained-glass and mosaic design |
Ethel Rhind (1 December 1877 – 6 March 1952) was an Irish stained-glass and mosaic artist, who was associated with An Túr Gloine.
Life and education
[edit]Rhind was born on 1 December 1877 in Arrah, Bihar, India. Her father was Robert Hunter Rhind, a civil engineer born in Edinburgh, who was working in the Indian civil service. Her mother, Hannah Rhind (née Tate), was from Whiteabbey, County Antrim, and was a relative of the Gore-Booth family of Lissadell House, County Sligo.
Rhind was educated at Londonderry High School, and later the Belfast School of Art where she earned an art teacher's certificate in 1900.[1] In 1902, she was awarded a scholarship to study mosaic under Miss Holloway at the Dublin Metropolitan School of Art. Rhind was an early student of Alfred E. Child, who taught stained glass craft. Her student work was exhibited at the Irish International Exhibition in 1907.[2]
She entered Sarah Purser's An Túr Gloine in 1907–1908 to work on stained glass and opus sectile.[3] Rhind died 6 March 1952 in a nursing home in Dún Laoghaire.[1]
Artistic work
[edit]Some of her earliest work is in the window Harmony and Fortitude in Lissadell church for the Gore-Booths which was created in 1907. In 1908 she won first prize at the Royal Dublin Society for her window in the Old Court chapel, Strangford, County Down.[5] Most of her work was for Church of Ireland churches, though she also designed for the Presbyterian church, York Road, Dún Laoghaire, The Honan chapel, University College Cork, and her St Carthage series.[6] During this time, she lived with her sister Sophia, who was a secretary with the Royal Irish Academy, in Dublin. When Wilhelmina Geddes left An Túr Gloine due to ill health, Rhind completed her designs. Rhind also worked closely with Catherine O'Brien.[7] From 1917, she was a member of the Guild of Craft Workers.[1]
Her work in the opus sectile medium was seen as very progressive and her most significant contribution to the reputation of An Túr Gloine.[8] Some of her most noted works in were the stations of the cross made in St Enda's church, Spiddal, County Galway (1916–28), the stations made in Loughrea cathedral (1929–33), and her 1921 war memorial Archangel Michael on the exterior wall of All Saints Church, Grangegorman, Dublin.[1][5] Her work incorporated stone, glass, and shell, rather than the more traditional tiny tiles or tesserae.[2]
The 1912 tapestry, Smuainteach, was designed by Rhind and woven by the Dún Emer Guild in Dundrum, which is in the collections of the National Museum of Ireland. Her designs for both stained glass and opus sectile were featured at the Arts and Crafts Society of Ireland in 1910, 1917, and 1921.[1] Two of her pieces of stained glass are in the United States, one in the Sacred Heart Convent chapel in Newton, Massachusetts, and the second in Brophy College Chapel, Arizona. Rhind retired from the studio in 1939.[1]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f Devine, Ruth (2009). "Rhind, Ethel". In McGuire, James; Quinn, James (eds.). Dictionary of Irish Biography. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- ^ a b "RHIND, ETHEL". Dictionary of Irish Architects 1720–1940. Irish Architectural Archive. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
- ^ Casey, Christine (2005). Dublin: The City Within the Grand and Royal Canals and the Circular Road with the Phoenix Park. London: Yale University Press. p. 63. ISBN 9780300109238.
- ^ Bowe, Nicola Gordon; Caron, David; Wynne, Michael (1988). Gazetteer of Irish Stained Glass. Dublin: Irish Academic Press. pp. 38. ISBN 0-7165-2413-9.
- ^ a b "Miss Ethel Rhind". Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851–1951. University of Glasgow History of Art and HATII. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
- ^ "The Honan Chapel & Collection – Virtual Tour". Honan Chapel & Collection Online. Archived from the original on 18 November 2015. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
- ^ Gordon Bowe, Nicola. "The Tower of Glass An Túr Gloine and the early 20th century stained glass revival in Ireland". Building Conservation. Retrieved 3 June 2015.
- ^ Sawyer, Roger (2002). We Are But Women: Women in Ireland's History. London: Routledge. p. 66. ISBN 9781134931255.