Niobium pentaiodide: Difference between revisions

Niobium pentaiodide
Names
	Other names Niobium(V) iodide
Identifiers
CAS Number	13779-92-5 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	75550;
ECHA InfoCard	100.034.006
EC Number	237-422-1;
PubChem CID	83728;
UNII	6YYE4L5XPW ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID1065633;
	InChI InChI=1S/5HI.Nb/h5*1H;/q;;;;;+5/p-5 Key: FWIYBTVHGYLSAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-I;
	SMILES [Nb](I)(I)(I)(I)I;
Properties
Chemical formula	Nb2I10
Molar mass	1475
Appearance	yellow solid
Density	5.30 g/cm3
Melting point	543 °C (1,009 °F; 816 K) sublimes
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H314
Precautionary statements	P260, P264, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P363, P405, P501
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

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Niobium pentaiodide is the inorganic compound with the formula Nb₂I₁₀. Its name comes from the compound's empirical formula, NbI₅.^[1] It is a diamagnetic, yellow solid that hydrolyses readily. The compound adopts an edge-shared bioctahedral structure, which means that two NbI₅ units are joined by a pair of iodide bridges. There is no bond between the Nb centres.^[2] Niobium(V) chloride, niobium(V) bromide, tantalum(V) chloride, tantalum(V) bromide, and tantalum(V) iodide, all share this structural motif.

Preparation

Niobium pentaiodide forms from the reaction of niobium with iodine:

2 Nb + 5 I₂ → 2 NbI₅

The method used for the preparation of tantalum(V) iodide using aluminium triiodide fails to produce pure pentaiodide.^[3]

Properties

Niobium(V) iodide forms of dark, brassy, extremely moisture-sensitive needles or flakes. Its crystallises in the monoclinic crystal system with space group P2₁/c (space group no. 14), a = 1058 pm, b = 658 pm, c = 1388 pm, β = 109.14°. The crystal structure consists of zigzag chains of corner-sharing NbI₆ octahedra. Since so far only twinned crystals of this phase have been obtained, and the structure determination is uncertain.^[4] If the reaction of the elements is carried out with an excess of iodine, a triclinic modification is created with the space group P1 (No. 2), a = 759.1 pm, b = 1032.2 pm, c = 697.7 pm, α = 90 .93°, β = 116.17°, γ = 109.07°, which consists of isolated molecules Nb₂I₁₀.^[3]^[5] This structure is isotypic with that of triclinic niobium(V) bromide.

References

^ Greenwood, N. N.; & Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd Edn.), Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4.
^ Krebs, Bernt; Sinram, Diethard "Darstellung, Struktur und Eigenschaften einer neuen Modifikation von NbI₅ (Preparation, structure and properties of a new modification of NbI₅" Zeitschrift fǔr Naturforschung, Teil B: Anorganische Chemie, Organische Chemie 1980, volume 35b, pp. 12-16.
^ ^a ^b G. Braurer (1963). "Niobium(V) Iodide". In G. Brauer (ed.). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Vol. 1. NY, NY: Academic Press. p. 1315.
^ Littke, W.; Brauer, G. (Oct 1963). "Darstellung und Kristallstruktur von Niobpentajodid". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie. 325 (3–4): 122–129. doi:10.1002/zaac.19633250304. ISSN 0044-2313.
^ B. Krebs, D. Sinram: Darstellung, Struktur und Eigenschaften einer neuen Modifikation von NbI₅. In: Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung, Teil B. Anorganische Chemie, Organische Chemie, 1980, 35, S. 12–16.

[1] Greenwood, N. N.; & Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd Edn.), Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4.

[2] Krebs, Bernt; Sinram, Diethard "Darstellung, Struktur und Eigenschaften einer neuen Modifikation von NbI₅ (Preparation, structure and properties of a new modification of NbI₅" Zeitschrift fǔr Naturforschung, Teil B: Anorganische Chemie, Organische Chemie 1980, volume 35b, pp. 12-16.

[brauer-3] G. Braurer (1963). "Niobium(V) Iodide". In G. Brauer (ed.). Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Vol. 1. NY, NY: Academic Press. p. 1315.

[4] Littke, W.; Brauer, G. (Oct 1963). "Darstellung und Kristallstruktur von Niobpentajodid". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie. 325 (3–4): 122–129. doi:10.1002/zaac.19633250304. ISSN 0044-2313.

[5] B. Krebs, D. Sinram: Darstellung, Struktur und Eigenschaften einer neuen Modifikation von NbI₅. In: Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung, Teil B. Anorganische Chemie, Organische Chemie, 1980, 35, S. 12–16.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Chembox
 | ImageFile = Nb2I10.svg
@@ Line 8: / Line 7: @@
 |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
 | CASNo = 13779-92-5
+| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
-| PubChem =
+| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
-| SMILES = }}
+| UNII = 6YYE4L5XPW
+| PubChem = 83728
+| ChemSpiderID = 75550
+| EC_number = 237-422-1
+| DTXSID = DTXSID1065633
+| StdInChI=1S/5HI.Nb/h5*1H;/q;;;;;+5/p-5
+| StdInChIKey = FWIYBTVHGYLSAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-I
+| SMILES = [Nb](I)(I)(I)(I)I
+}}
 |Section2={{Chembox Properties
 | Formula = Nb<sub>2</sub>I<sub>10</sub>
@@ Line 20: / Line 28: @@
 | Solubility = }}
 |Section3={{Chembox Hazards
+| GHSPictograms = {{GHS05}}
+| GHSSignalWord = Danger
+| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|314}}
+| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|260|264|280|301+330+331|303+361+353|304+340|305+351+338|310|321|363|405|501}}
 | MainHazards =
 | FlashPt =
 | AutoignitionPt = }}
 }}
-'''Niobium pentaiodide''' is the [[inorganic compound]] with the formula Nb<sub>2</sub>I<sub>10</sub>.  It is a yellow, moisture-sensitive, diamagnetic solid.  It forms upon heating metallic niobium with [[iodine]].<ref>G. Brauer "Hydrogen, Deuterium, Water" in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Edited by G. Brauer, Academic Press, 1963, NY. Vol. 2. p. 1315.</ref> Its structure has been verified by single crystal [[X-ray diffraction]], which reveals an [[Octahedral molecular geometry#Bioctahedral molecular geometry|edge-shared bioctahedral structure]], as observed for many pentahalides of Nb and Ta.  The bonds to the bridging iodides are 0.3 Å longer than the terminal Nb-I bonds.<ref>Krebs, Bernt; Sinram, Diethard "Darstellung, Struktur und Eigenschaften einer neuen Modifikation von NbI<sub>5</sub> (Preparation, structure and properties of a new modification of NbI<sub>5</sub>" Zeitschrift fǔr Naturforschung, Teil B:  Anorganische Chemie, Organische Chemie 1980, volume 35b, pp. 12-16.</ref>
+'''Niobium pentaiodide''' is the [[inorganic compound]] with the formula Nb<sub>2</sub>I<sub>10</sub>. Its name comes from the compound's [[empirical formula]], NbI<sub>5</sub>.<ref>Greenwood, N. N.; & Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd Edn.), Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. {{ISBN|0-7506-3365-4}}.</ref>  It is a diamagnetic, yellow solid that hydrolyses readily.  The compound adopts an edge-shared bioctahedral structure, which means that two NbI<sub>5</sub> units are joined by a pair of [[bridging ligand|iodide bridges]]. There is no bond between the Nb centres.<ref>Krebs, Bernt; Sinram, Diethard "Darstellung, Struktur und Eigenschaften einer neuen Modifikation von NbI<sub>5</sub> (Preparation, structure and properties of a new modification of NbI<sub>5</sub>" Zeitschrift fǔr Naturforschung, Teil B:  Anorganische Chemie, Organische Chemie 1980, volume 35b, pp. 12-16.</ref>  [[Niobium(V) chloride]], [[niobium(V) bromide]], [[tantalum(V) chloride]], [[tantalum(V) bromide]], and [[tantalum(V) iodide]], all share this structural motif.
+== Preparation ==
+Niobium pentaiodide forms from the reaction of niobium with [[iodine]]:
+:2 Nb + 5 I<sub>2</sub>  →  2 NbI<sub>5</sub>
+The method used for the preparation of tantalum(V) iodide using [[aluminium triiodide]] fails to produce pure pentaiodide.<ref name=brauer>{{cite book|author=G. Braurer|chapter=Niobium(V) Iodide|title=Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. |editor=G. Brauer|publisher=Academic Press|year=1963|place=NY, NY|volume=1|pages=1315}}</ref>
+== Properties ==
+Niobium(V) iodide forms of dark, brassy, extremely moisture-sensitive needles or flakes. Its crystallises in the [[monoclinic crystal system]] with [[space group]] ''P''2<sub>1</sub>''/c'' (space group no. 14), a = 1058 pm, b = 658 pm, c = 1388 pm, β = 109.14°. The crystal structure consists of zigzag chains of corner-sharing NbI<sub>6</sub> octahedra. Since so far only twinned crystals of this phase have been obtained, and the structure determination is uncertain.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Littke |first=W. |last2=Brauer |first2=G. |date=Oct 1963 |title=Darstellung und Kristallstruktur von Niobpentajodid |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.19633250304 |journal=Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie |language=en |volume=325 |issue=3-4 |pages=122–129 |doi=10.1002/zaac.19633250304 |issn=0044-2313}}</ref> If the reaction of the elements is carried out with an excess of iodine, a [[triclinic]] modification is created with the space group P1 (No. 2), a = 759.1 pm, b = 1032.2 pm, c = 697.7 pm, α = 90 .93°, β = 116.17°, γ = 109.07°, which consists of isolated molecules Nb<sub>2</sub>I<sub>10</sub>.<ref name=brauer /><ref>B. Krebs, D. Sinram: ''Darstellung, Struktur und Eigenschaften einer neuen Modifikation von NbI<sub>5</sub>.'' In: ''Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung, Teil B. Anorganische Chemie, Organische Chemie'', '''1980''', ''35'', S.&nbsp;12–16.</ref> This structure is isotypic with that of triclinic niobium(V) bromide.
 ==References==
 <references />
+{{niobium compounds}}
+{{iodides}}
 [[Category:Iodides]]
-[[Category:Niobium compounds]]
+[[Category:Niobium(V) compounds]]
 [[Category:Metal halides]]