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{{Short description|Genus of bivalves}}
{{Taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = ''Quadrula''
| image = Quadrula intermedia.jpg
| image = Winged mapleleaf.jpg
| image_caption = ''[[Quadrula intermedia]]''
| image_caption = ''[[Quadrula fragosa]]''
| regnum = [[Animalia]]
| taxon = Quadrula
| authority = Rafinesque, 1820
| phylum = [[Mollusca]]
| classis = [[Bivalvia]]
| ordo = [[Unionoida]]
| familia = [[Unionidae]]
| genus = '''''Quadrula'''''
}}
}}


'''''Quadrula''''' is a genus of [[freshwater mussel]]s, [[Aquatic animal|aquatic]] [[bivalve]] [[mollusk]]s in the family [[Unionidae]] native to rivers of the American Midwest and mid-south. All have thick nacreous shells with well-developed hinge teeth, many also with external shell sculpturing of nodules or lumps.
'''''Quadrula''''' is a genus of [[freshwater mussel]]s, [[Aquatic animal|aquatic]] [[bivalve]] [[mollusk]]s in the family [[Unionidae]] native to rivers of the [[American Midwest]] and mid-south. All have thick [[nacreous]] shells with well-developed [[hinge teeth]], many also with external shell sculpturing of nodules or lumps.


== Species within the genus ''Quadrula'' ==
==Species within the genus ''Quadrula''==
In 2012, many species classified as ''Quadrula'' were moved to ''[[Rotundaria]]'' and ''[[Theliderma]]'' based on genetic and morphological evidence.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Campbell |first=David |last2=Lydeard |first2=Charles |date=2012 |title=The Genera of Pleurobemini (Bivalvia: Unionidae: Ambleminae) |journal= American Malacological Bulletin |volume=30 |issue=1 |pages=19–38}}</ref>
[[Image:Quadrula metanevra.jpg|right|thumb|''[[Quadrula metanevra]]'']]
Species currently in ''Quadrula'' now consist of:<ref>[http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=856848 ''Quadrula'' World Register of Marine Species]</ref>
[[Image:Quadrula pustulosa.jpg|right|thumb|''[[Quadrula pustulosa]]'']]
[[Image:Pistolgrip Mussel (6473798785).jpg|right|thumb|''[[Quadrula verrucosa]]'']]

* [[southern mapleleaf]] (''[[Quadrula apiculata]]'')
* ''[[Quadrula apiculata]]'' (Southern mapleleaf)
* [[Alabama orb]] (''[[Quadrula asperata]]'')
* ''[[Quadrula fragosa]]'' (Winged mapleleaf)
* [[golden orb]] (''[[Quadrula aurea]]'')
* ''[[Quadrula nobilis]]'' (Gulf mapleleaf)
* [[Rio Grande monkeyface]] (''[[Quadrula couchiana]]'')
* ''[[Quadrula quadrula]]'' (Mapleleaf)
* [[rabbitsfoot]] (''[[Quadrula cylindrica]]'')
* ''[[Quadrula rumphiana]]'' (Ridged mapleleaf)
* [[winged mapleleaf]] (''[[Quadrula fragosa]]'')
* ''[[Quadrula verrucosa]]'' (Pistolgrip)
* [[smooth pimpleback]] (''[[Quadrula houstonensis]]'')
* [[Cumberland monkeyface pearly mussel]] (''[[Quadrula intermedia]]'')
* [[Suwannee Pigtoe]] (''[[Quadrula kleiniana]]'')
* [[Quadrula metanevra|monkeyface]] (''[[Quadrula metanevra]]'')
* [[gulf mapleleaf]] (''[[Quadrula nobilis]]'')
* [[wartyback]] (''[[Quadrula nodulata]]'')
* [[Texas pimpleback]] (''[[Quadrula petrina]]'')
* [[pimpleback]] (''[[Quadrula pustulosa]]'')
* [[mapleleaf (freshwater mussel)|mapleleaf]] (''[[Quadrula quadrula]]'')
* [[purple pimpleback]] (''[[Quadrula refulgens]]'')
* [[ridged mapleleaf]] (''[[Quadrula rumphiana]]'')
* [[Appalachian monkeyface pearly mussel]] (''[[Quadrula sparsa]]'')
* [[stirrup shell]] (''[[Quadrula stapes]]'')
* [[purple pigtoe]] (''[[Quadrula succissa]]'')
* [[rough rockshell]] (''[[Quadrula tuberosa]]'')
<!--Bot notice: new species go here-->

==See also==
*[[List of non-marine molluscs of the United States]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
* Turgeon, D.D., J.F. Quinn,Jr., A.E. Bogan, E.V. Coan, F.G. Hochberg, W.G. Lyons, et al. 1998. Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks, 2nd ed. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26: pages 526. American Fisheries Society.


[[Category:Quadrula| 01]]
[[Category:Unionidae]]
[[Category:Fauna of North America]]



{{Taxonbar|from=Q3013603}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Quadrula| ]]
[[Category:Bivalve genera]]
[[Category:Molluscs of the United States]]
[[Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot]]


{{-}}
{{bivalve-stub}}


{{Unionidae-stub}}
[[pt:Quadrula]]

Latest revision as of 19:22, 13 October 2023

Quadrula
Quadrula fragosa
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Order: Unionida
Family: Unionidae
Tribe: Quadrulini
Genus: Quadrula
Rafinesque, 1820

Quadrula is a genus of freshwater mussels, aquatic bivalve mollusks in the family Unionidae native to rivers of the American Midwest and mid-south. All have thick nacreous shells with well-developed hinge teeth, many also with external shell sculpturing of nodules or lumps.

Species within the genus Quadrula

[edit]

In 2012, many species classified as Quadrula were moved to Rotundaria and Theliderma based on genetic and morphological evidence.[1] Species currently in Quadrula now consist of:[2]

Quadrula verrucosa

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Campbell, David; Lydeard, Charles (2012). "The Genera of Pleurobemini (Bivalvia: Unionidae: Ambleminae)". American Malacological Bulletin. 30 (1): 19–38.
  2. ^ Quadrula World Register of Marine Species