Sanicula: Difference between revisions

Sanicula
	Sanicula europaea
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Apiales
Family:	Apiaceae
Subfamily:	Apioideae
Tribe:	Saniculeae
Genus:	Sanicula; L.
Species
	See text.
Synonyms
	Aulosolena Koso-Pol. ; Diapensia Hill, nom. illeg. ; Dondia Spreng., nom. illeg. ; Dondisia Rchb. ; Hacquetia Neck. ex DC. ; Hesperogeton Koso-Pol. ; Triclinium Raf. ;

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Sanicula is a genus of plants in family Apiaceae (or Umbelliferae),^[1] the same family to which the carrot and parsnip belong. This genus has about 45 species worldwide, with at least 22 in North America.^[2] The common names usually include the terms sanicle or black snakeroot.

Etymology

Sanicula comes from sanus, Latin for "healthy", reflecting the use of S. europaea in traditional remedies.^[3]

List of species

As of December 2022^[update], Plants of the World Online accepted the following species:^[1]

Sanicula arctopoides Hook. & Arn.
Sanicula arguta Greene ex J.M.Coult. & Rose
Sanicula astrantiifolia H.Wolff ex Kretschmer
Sanicula azorica Guthnick ex Seub.
Sanicula bipinnata Hook. & Arn.
Sanicula bipinnatifida Douglas
Sanicula canadensis L.
Sanicula chinensis Bunge
Sanicula coerulescens Franch.
Sanicula crassicaulis Poepp. ex DC.
Sanicula deserticola C.R.Bell
Sanicula elata Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don
Sanicula elongata K.T.Fu
Sanicula epipactis (Scop.) E.H.L.Krause
Sanicula europaea L.
Sanicula giraldii H.Wolff
Sanicula graveolens Poepp. ex DC.
Sanicula hacquetioides Franch.
Sanicula hoffmannii (Munz) R.H.Shan & Constance
Sanicula kaiensis Makino & Hisauti
Sanicula kauaiensis H.St.John
Sanicula laciniata Hook. & Arn.
Sanicula lamelligera Hance
Sanicula liberta Cham. & Schltdl.
Sanicula marilandica L.
Sanicula maritima Kellogg ex S.Watson
Sanicula mariversa Nagata & S.M.Gon
Sanicula moranii P.Vargas, Constance & B.G.Baldwin
Sanicula odorata (Raf.) Pryer & Phillippe
Sanicula orthacantha S.Moore
Sanicula oviformis X.T.Liu & Z.Y.Liu
Sanicula peckiana J.F.Macbr.
Sanicula purpurea H.St.John & Hosaka
Sanicula rubriflora F.Schmidt
Sanicula rugulosa Diels
Sanicula sandwicensis A.Gray
Sanicula saxatilis Greene
Sanicula serrata H.Wolff
Sanicula smallii E.P.Bicknell
Sanicula tienmuensis R.H.Shan & Constance
Sanicula tracyi R.H.Shan & Constance
Sanicula trifoliata E.P.Bicknell
Sanicula tuberculata Maxim.
Sanicula tuberosa Torr.
Sanicula uralensis Kleopow ex Kamelin, Czubarov & Shmakov

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Sanicula L." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2022-12-24.
^ Focus on Rarities (from the monthly Yerba Buena Chapter Newsletter) [1] (No direct link: click "June 2005 Tuberous Sanicle (Sanicula tuberosa)" in the left-hand sidebar.) Author: Michael Wood. Retrieved 9/9/09.
^ America, Garden Club of (1933). "Garden Club of America". Bulletin: 10.

External links

UC CalPhotos gallery of Sanicula species
CalFlora Database: Sanicula species native to California
Zipcodezoo.com: Sanicula photos + taxonomy — with distribution map link.
Media related to Sanicula at Wikimedia Commons

[POWO_325956-2-1] "Sanicula L." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2022-12-24.

[2] Focus on Rarities (from the monthly Yerba Buena Chapter Newsletter) [1] (No direct link: click "June 2005 Tuberous Sanicle (Sanicula tuberosa)" in the left-hand sidebar.) Author: Michael Wood. Retrieved 9/9/09.

[GCA33-3] America, Garden Club of (1933). "Garden Club of America". Bulletin: 10.

[1]

[2]

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}
-{{taxobox
+{{Automatic taxobox
 |image = Illustration_Sanicula_europaea0.jpg
 |image_caption = ''[[Sanicula europaea]]''
+|display_parents = 2
-|regnum = [[Plantae]]
+|taxon = Sanicula
-|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
+|authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]<ref name=POWO_325956-2>{{cite web |title=''Sanicula'' L.. |work=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325956-2 |access-date=2022-12-24 }}</ref>
-|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
-|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
-|ordo = [[Apiales]]
-|familia = [[Apiaceae]]
-|genus = '''''Sanicula'''''
-|genus_authority = [[L.]]
 |subdivision_ranks = Species
 |subdivision = See text.
+|synonyms =
-|}}
+  {{Genus list
+  |Aulosolena|Koso-Pol.
+  |Diapensia|Hill, nom. illeg.
+  |Dondia|Spreng., nom. illeg.
+  |Dondisia|Rchb.
+  |Hacquetia|Neck. ex DC.
+  |Hesperogeton|Koso-Pol.
+  |Triclinium|Raf.
+  }}
+|synonyms_ref = <ref name=POWO_325956-2/>
+}}
-'''''Sanicula''''' is a [[genus]] of plants in [[Family (biology)|family]] [[Apiaceae]] (or Umbelliferae), the same family to which the [[carrot]] and [[parsnip]] belong.  This genus has about 40 [[species]] worldwide, with 22 in North America.<ref>Focus on Rarities (from the monthly Yerba Buena Chapter Newsletter) http://www.cnps-yerbabuena.org/experience/focus_on_rarities.html (No direct link: click "June 2005 Tuberous Sanicle (Sanicula tuberosa)" in the left-hand sidebar.) Author: Michael Wood. Retrieved 9/9/09.</ref>  The common names usually include the label sanicle or [[black snakeroot]]. The flowering bodies of all plants in the genus only bloom at night, leading to the common belief that Sanicula plants only sprout when Dracula flies by going very fast. They have therefore earned the colloquial names of "devil's sanic" and "speed demon" in some regions.
+'''''Sanicula''''' is a [[genus]] of plants in [[Family (biology)|family]] [[Apiaceae]] (or Umbelliferae),<ref name=POWO_325956-2/> the same family to which the [[carrot]] and [[parsnip]] belong.  This genus has about 45 [[species]] worldwide, with at least 22 in North America.<ref>Focus on Rarities (from the monthly Yerba Buena Chapter Newsletter) [https://archive.today/20120703030116/http://www.cnps-yerbabuena.org/experience/focus_on_rarities.html] (No direct link: click "June 2005 Tuberous Sanicle (Sanicula tuberosa)" in the left-hand sidebar.) Author: Michael Wood. Retrieved 9/9/09.</ref>  The common names usually include the terms '''sanicle''' or '''[[black snakeroot]]'''.
+==Etymology==
+''Sanicula'' comes from ''sanus'', Latin for "healthy", reflecting the use of S. europaea in traditional remedies.<ref name="GCA33">{{cite journal|title=Garden Club of America|journal=Bulletin|date=1933|page=10|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d28LAQAAMAAJ&q=Sanicula+europaea+sanus|language=en|last1=America|first1=Garden Club of}}</ref>
 ==List of species==
+{{As of|2022|December}}, [[Plants of the World Online]] accepted the following species:<ref name=POWO_325956-2/>
-*''[[Sanicula arctopoides|S. arctopoides]]'', Footsteps of spring, Bear's foot sanicle.
-*''[[Sanicula arguta|S. arguta]]'', Sharp-toothed sanicle.
+*''[[Sanicula arctopoides]]'' <small>Hook. & Arn.</small>
-*''[[Sanicula bipinnata|S. bipinnata]]'', Poison sanicle.
+*''[[Sanicula arguta]]'' <small>Greene ex J.M.Coult. & Rose</small>
-*''[[Sanicula bipinnatifida|S. bipinnatifida]]'', Purple sanicle.
+*''[[Sanicula astrantiifolia]]'' <small>H.Wolff ex Kretschmer</small>
-*''[[Sanicula canadensis|S. canadensis]]'', Black sanicle.
+*''[[Sanicula azorica]]'' <small>Guthnick ex Seub.</small>
-*''[[Sanicula crassicaulis|S. crassicaulis]]'', Gambleweed, Pacific sanicle.
+*''[[Sanicula bipinnata]]'' <small>Hook. & Arn.</small>
-*''[[Sanicula europaea|S. europaea]]'', Sanicle.
+*''[[Sanicula bipinnatifida]]'' <small>Douglas</small>
-*''[[Sanicula graveolens|S. graveolens]]'', Sierra sanicle.
+*''[[Sanicula canadensis]]'' <small>L.</small>
-*''[[Sanicula gregaria|S. gregaria]]'', Common snakeroot.
+*''[[Sanicula chinensis]]'' <small>Bunge</small>
-*''[[Sanicula hoffmannii|S. hoffmannii]]'', Hoffmann's black snakeroot.
+*''[[Sanicula coerulescens]]'' <small>Franch.</small>
-*''[[Sanicula laciniata|S. laciniata]]'', Coast sanicle.
+*''[[Sanicula crassicaulis]]'' <small>Poepp. ex DC.</small>
-*''[[Sanicula marilandica|S. marilandica]]'', Maryland sanicle.
+*''[[Sanicula deserticola]]'' <small>C.R.Bell</small>
-*''[[Sanicula maritima|S. maritima]]'', Adobe sanicle.
+*''[[Sanicula elata]]'' <small>Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don</small>
-*''[[Sanicula mariversa|S. mariversa]]'', Waianae Range black snakeroot.
+*''[[Sanicula elongata]]'' <small>K.T.Fu</small>
-*''[[Sanicula peckiana|S. peckiana]]'', Peck's sanicle.
+*''[[Sanicula epipactis]]'' <small>(Scop.) E.H.L.Krause</small>
-*''[[Sanicula purpurea|S. purpurea]]'', Purpleflower black snakeroot.
+*''[[Sanicula europaea]]'' <small>L.</small>
-*''[[Sanicula sandwicensis|S. sandwicensis]]'', (Gray) Hawaii black snakeroot.
+*''[[Sanicula giraldii]]'' <small>H.Wolff</small>
-*''[[Sanicula saxatilis|S. saxatilis]]'', Rock sanicle.
+*''[[Sanicula graveolens]]'' <small>Poepp. ex DC.</small>
-*''[[Sanicula tracyi|S. tracyi]]'', Tracy's black snakeroot.
+*''[[Sanicula hacquetioides]]'' <small>Franch.</small>
-*''[[Sanicula tuberosa|S. tuberosa]]'', Turkey pea.
+*''[[Sanicula hoffmannii]]'' <small>(Munz) R.H.Shan & Constance</small>
+*''[[Sanicula kaiensis]]'' <small>Makino & Hisauti</small>
+*''[[Sanicula kauaiensis]]'' <small>H.St.John</small>
+*''[[Sanicula laciniata]]'' <small>Hook. & Arn.</small>
+*''[[Sanicula lamelligera]]'' <small>Hance</small>
+*''[[Sanicula liberta]]'' <small>Cham. & Schltdl.</small>
+*''[[Sanicula marilandica]]'' <small>L.</small>
+*''[[Sanicula maritima]]'' <small>Kellogg ex S.Watson</small>
+*''[[Sanicula mariversa]]'' <small>Nagata & S.M.Gon</small>
+*''[[Sanicula moranii]]'' <small>P.Vargas, Constance & B.G.Baldwin</small>
+*''[[Sanicula odorata]]'' <small>(Raf.) Pryer & Phillippe</small>
+*''[[Sanicula orthacantha]]'' <small>S.Moore</small>
+*''[[Sanicula oviformis]]'' <small>X.T.Liu & Z.Y.Liu</small>
+*''[[Sanicula peckiana]]'' <small>J.F.Macbr.</small>
+*''[[Sanicula purpurea]]'' <small>H.St.John & Hosaka</small>
+*''[[Sanicula rubriflora]]'' <small>F.Schmidt</small>
+*''[[Sanicula rugulosa]]'' <small>Diels</small>
+*''[[Sanicula sandwicensis]]'' <small>A.Gray</small>
+*''[[Sanicula saxatilis]]'' <small>Greene</small>
+*''[[Sanicula serrata]]'' <small>H.Wolff</small>
+*''[[Sanicula smallii]]'' <small>E.P.Bicknell</small>
+*''[[Sanicula tienmuensis]]'' <small>R.H.Shan & Constance</small>
+*''[[Sanicula tracyi]]'' <small>R.H.Shan & Constance</small>
+*''[[Sanicula trifoliata]]'' <small>E.P.Bicknell</small>
+*''[[Sanicula tuberculata]]'' <small>Maxim.</small>
+*''[[Sanicula tuberosa]]'' <small>Torr.</small>
+*''[[Sanicula uralensis]]'' <small>Kleopow ex Kamelin, Czubarov & Shmakov</small>
 ==References==
-{{reflist}}
+{{Reflist}}
-== External links ==
+==External links==
+* [http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?query_src=photos_index&where-lifeform=any&rel-taxon=begins+with&where-taxon=Sanicula&rel-namesoup=matchphrase&where-namesoup=&rel-location=matchphrase&where-location=&rel-county=eq&where-county=any&rel-state=eq&where-state=any&rel-country=eq&where-country=any&where-collectn=any&rel-photographer=eq&where-photographer=any&rel-kwid=equals&where-kwid=  UC CalPhotos gallery of ''Sanicula'' species]
-* [http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=SANIC ''Sanicula''] at the PLANTS database.
+* [http://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/specieslist.cgi?where-genus=Sanicula  CalFlora Database:  ''Sanicula'' species native to California]
-* [http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?query_src=photos_index&where-lifeform=any&rel-taxon=begins+with&where-taxon=Sanicula&rel-namesoup=matchphrase&where-namesoup=&rel-location=matchphrase&where-location=&rel-county=eq&where-county=any&rel-state=eq&where-state=any&rel-country=eq&where-country=any&where-collectn=any&rel-photographer=eq&where-photographer=any&rel-kwid=equals&where-kwid=  Photos of species.]
-* Sanicula overview, photos, and taxonomy at http://zipcodezoo.com/key/plantae/Sanicula_Genus.asp with a link to a distribution map.
+* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120612112433/http://zipcodezoo.com/key/plantae/Sanicula_Genus.asp Zipcodezoo.com: ''Sanicula'' photos + taxonomy] — ''with distribution map link''.
+*{{Commons category-inline|Sanicula}}
+{{Taxonbar|from=Q162899}}
-[[Category:Apiaceae]]
+{{Authority control}}
-[[Category:Sanicula|*]]
-[[Category:Negligibly senescent organisms]]
+[[Category:Sanicula| ]]
-{{Apiaceae-stub}}
+[[Category:Apioideae genera]]
+[[Category:Flora of Northern America]]
-[[ca:Sanicula]]
+[[Category:Negligibly senescent organisms]]
-[[de:Sanikel]]
+[[Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]]
-[[es:Sanicula]]
-[[fr:Sanicula]]
-[[hsb:Hojawa]]
-[[ka:ქრისტესბეჭედა]]
-[[lt:Girūnė]]
-[[nl:Sanicula]]
-[[ja:ウマノミツバ属]]
-[[pl:Żankiel]]
-[[pt:Sanicula]]
-[[ru:Подлесник]]
-[[zh:变豆菜属]]