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Coordinates: 41°54′34″N 121°31′59″W / 41.90932°N 121.53305°W / 41.90932; -121.53305
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{{Short description|Seasonal lake on the California-Oregon border, United States}}
{{Short description|Seasonal lake on the California-Oregon border, United States}}
{{for|the lake in Lake County, California|Tule Lake (Lake County, California)}}{{for|the similarly named town|Tulelake, California}}
{{for|the lake in Lake County, California|Tule Lake (Lake County, California)}}{{for|the similarly named town|Tulelake, California}}
{{use mdy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox body of water
{{Infobox body of water
| name = Tule Lake
| name = Tule Lake
| image = Tule Lake Basin.jpg
| image = Tule Lake Basin.jpg
| caption = Overview of the Tule Lake Basin
| caption = Elevated view of the Tule Lake Basin, with snow-capped [[Mount Shasta]] looming in the background
| location = [[Siskiyou County, California|Siskiyou]] / [[Modoc County, California|Modoc]] Counties, [[California]], [[United States]]
| location = [[Siskiyou County, California|Siskiyou]] / [[Modoc County, California|Modoc]] Counties, [[California]], [[United States]]
| coords = {{coord|41.90932|N|121.53305|W|type:waterbody_region:US-CA|display=inline,title}}<ref name="GNIS">{{cite GNIS|268456|Tule Lake|Jan 11, 2021}}</ref>
| coords = {{coord|41.90932|N|121.53305|W|format=dms|type:waterbody_region:US-CA|display=inline,title}}<ref name="GNIS">{{cite GNIS|268456|Tule Lake|Jan 11, 2021}}</ref>
| type = [[Ancient lake]], [[Intermittent lake]]
| type = [[Ancient lake]], [[intermittent lake]]
| inflow = [[Lost River (California)|Lost River]]
| inflow = [[Lost River (California)|Lost River]]
| catchment =
| catchment =
| length = {{convert|8.0|km|abbr=on}}
| length = {{cvt|8.0|km|mi}}
| width = {{convert|4.8|km|abbr=on}}
| width = {{cvt|4.8|km|mi}}
| area = {{convert|13000|acre|abbr=on}}
| area = {{cvt|13000|acre|km2}}
| depth =
| depth =
| max-depth =
| max-depth =
| elevation = {{convert|4035|ft|abbr=on}}
| elevation = {{cvt|4035|ft|m}}
<!-- Map -->
<!-- Map -->
| pushpin_map = California#USA
| pushpin_map = California#USA
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt = Location of Tule Lake in California, USA.
| pushpin_map_alt = Location of Tule Lake in California, USA
| pushpin_map_caption =
| pushpin_map_caption =
<!-- Below -->
<!-- Below -->
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| reference =
| reference =
}}
}}

'''Tule Lake''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|t|uː|l|iː}} {{respell|TOO|lee}})<ref>[http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/Tule-Lake pronunciation Tule Lake, OxfordDictionaries.com]</ref> is an [[intermittent lake]] covering an area of {{convert|13000|acre|km2|abbr=on}}, {{convert|8.0|km|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|4.8|km|abbr=on}} across,<ref name="GNIS"/> in northeastern [[Siskiyou County, California|Siskiyou County]] and northwestern [[Modoc County, California|Modoc County]] in [[California]], along the border with [[Oregon]].
'''Tule Lake''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|t|uː|l|i}} {{respell|TOO|lee}})<ref>{{Cite dictionary |url=http://www.lexico.com/definition/Tule+Lake |title=Tule Lake |dictionary=[[Lexico]] UK English Dictionary |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}{{dead link|date=September 2022|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> is an [[intermittent lake]] covering an area of {{cvt|13000|acre|km2}}, {{cvt|8.0|km|mi}} long and {{cvt|4.8|km|mi}} across,<ref name="GNIS"/> in northeastern [[Siskiyou County, California|Siskiyou County]] and northwestern [[Modoc County, California|Modoc County]] in [[California]], along the border with [[Oregon]].


==Geography==
==Geography==
Tule Lake is fed by the [[Lost River (California)|Lost River]]. The elevation of the lake is {{convert|4035|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name="GNIS"/>
Tule Lake is fed by the [[Lost River (California)|Lost River]]. The elevation of the lake is {{convert|4035|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name="GNIS"/>


It is one of twenty [[ancient lake]]s in the world that have existed continuously for more than 1 million years.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://marine.rutgers.edu/~cfree/ancient-lakes-of-the-world/ |title=Archived copy |website=marine.rutgers.edu |access-date=12 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200209063201/https://marine.rutgers.edu/~cfree/ancient-lakes-of-the-world/ |archive-date=9 February 2020 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
It is one of twenty [[ancient lake]]s in the world that have existed continuously for more than 1 million years.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://marine.rutgers.edu/~cfree/ancient-lakes-of-the-world/ |title=Ancient lakes of the world &#124; Christopher M. Free |website=marine.rutgers.edu |access-date=12 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200209063201/https://marine.rutgers.edu/~cfree/ancient-lakes-of-the-world/ |archive-date=9 February 2020 |url-status=dead}}</ref> However, this has recently come under significant threat due to multiple years of drought conditions.<ref name="San Francisco Chronicle">{{cite news |last1=Alexander |first1=Kurtis |title=A vast California lake is set to run dry. Scientists |url=https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/A-California-Lake-is-drying-up-Scientists-are-17084240.php |access-date=18 April 2022 |publisher=San Francisco Chronicle |date=15 April 2022}}</ref>


Tule Lake is located {{convert|2.4|km|abbr=on}},<ref name="GNIS"/> southwest of the town of [[Tulelake, California|Tulelake]] in [[Northern California]].
Tule Lake is located {{convert|2.4|km|abbr=on}},<ref name="GNIS"/> southwest of the town of [[Tulelake, California|Tulelake]] in [[Northern California]].


===Wildlife and water===
===Wildlife and water===
The lake is part of the [[Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge]] and the [[Klamath Project]]. Deliveries of water from the Klamath Project have saved wildlife such as ducks. For example, on 24 July 2020, a delivery of water from the Klamath Project saved 50,000 ducklings from death.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-24|title=Klamath water arrives, saving 50,000 ducklings from certain death|url=https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Klamath-water-arrives-saving-50-000-ducklings-15428989.php|access-date=2020-07-25|website=SFChronicle.com|language=en-US}}</ref>
The lake is part of the [[Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge]] and the [[Klamath Project]]. Deliveries of water from the Klamath Project have been necessary to provide sufficient water for wildlife. On July 24, 2020, a delivery of water from the Klamath Project saved 50,000 ducklings from death.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-07-24|title=Klamath water arrives, saving 50,000 ducklings from certain death|url=https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Klamath-water-arrives-saving-50-000-ducklings-15428989.php|access-date=2020-07-25|website=SFChronicle.com|language=en-US}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
[[Canby's Cross]] is located about {{convert|3|mi|km|abbr=on}} south of the lake; it is the site where General [[Edward Canby]] was killed by the [[Modoc people|Modoc]] chief [[Kintpuash]], also known to American settlers as Captain Jack.{{fact}}
[[Canby's Cross]] is located about {{convert|3|mi|km|abbr=on}} south of the lake; it is the site where General [[Edward Canby]] was killed by the [[Modoc people|Modoc]] chief [[Kintpuash]], also known to American settlers as Captain Jack.{{fact|date=April 2022}}


The [[Tule Lake War Relocation Center]], a [[Japanese American internment]] camp, is located east of the lake, in [[Modoc County, California|Modoc County]]. During [[World War II]], the United States [[federal government]] under [[Executive Order 9066]], forced the evacuation of Japanese nationals and Japanese Americans, including citizens born in the United States, to numerous camps built in the interior of California and inland states. They were forced to sell their businesses and homes, and suffered enormous economic and psychological losses by being treated as potential enemies. Following World War II, the federal government awarded 86 farm sites on land reclaimed by the drainage of Tule Lake to returning white veterans using a [[land lottery]].<ref>"Veterans Win Farms at Tule Lake Lottery," Life, 22:73-74, January 20, 1947, referenced in H W Martin and C A McMahan, 'Land Distribution in Georgia, The Southwestern Social Science Quarterly, Vol. 33, No. 1 (June 1952), pp. 44-51</ref> A lottery was used because the number of applicants was greater than the number of homesteads available.<ref>Klamath Project, "The Klamath Project at 100:
The [[Tule Lake War Relocation Center]], a [[Japanese American internment]] camp, is located east of the lake, in [[Modoc County, California|Modoc County]]. During [[World War II]], the United States [[federal government]] under [[Executive Order 9066]], forced the evacuation of Japanese nationals and Japanese Americans, including citizens born in the United States, to numerous camps built in the interior of California and inland states. This camp later housed mainly those who rebelled against WRA control in other Japanese Internment Camps, as well as those who refused to cooperate under what was known as the "loyalty questionnaire".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wallace |first=Nina |date=2020-07-14 |title=Understanding Tule Lake: A Brief History |url=https://densho.org/catalyst/understanding-tule-lake/ |access-date=2023-10-15 |website=Densho: Japanese American Incarceration and Japanese Internment |language=en-US}}</ref> They were forced to sell their businesses and homes, and suffered enormous economic and psychological losses by being treated as potential enemies. Following World War II, the federal government awarded 86 farm sites on land reclaimed by the drainage of Tule Lake to returning white veterans using a [[land lottery]].<ref>"Veterans Win Farms at Tule Lake Lottery," Life, 22:73-74, January 20, 1947, referenced in H W Martin and C A McMahan, 'Land Distribution in Georgia, The Southwestern Social Science Quarterly, Vol. 33, No. 1 (June 1952), pp. 44-51</ref> A lottery was used because the number of applicants was greater than the number of homesteads available.<ref>Klamath Project, "The Klamath Project at 100:
Conserving our Resources, Preserving our Heritage" [http://nebula.wsimg.com/32eef7685dfbe3422fba25c7b1a7b461?AccessKeyId=F79F3BB35D44F5CEBBA5&disposition=0&alloworigin=1] accessed 3 July 2015</ref>
Conserving our Resources, Preserving our Heritage" [http://nebula.wsimg.com/32eef7685dfbe3422fba25c7b1a7b461?AccessKeyId=F79F3BB35D44F5CEBBA5&disposition=0&alloworigin=1] accessed 3 July 2015</ref>


Latest revision as of 02:21, 15 October 2023

For the lake in Lake County, California, see Tule Lake (Lake County, California).
For the similarly named town, see Tulelake, California.

Tule Lake
Elevated view of the Tule Lake Basin, with snow-capped Mount Shasta looming in the background
Location of Tule Lake in California, USA
Location of Tule Lake in California, USA
Tule Lake
Location of Tule Lake in California, USA
Location of Tule Lake in California, USA
Tule Lake
LocationSiskiyou / Modoc Counties, California, United States
Coordinates41°54′34″N 121°31′59″W / 41.90932°N 121.53305°W / 41.90932; -121.53305[1]
TypeAncient lake, intermittent lake
Primary inflowsLost River
Max. length8.0 km (5.0 mi)
Max. width4.8 km (3.0 mi)
Surface area13,000 acres (53 km2)
Surface elevation4,035 ft (1,230 m)

Tule Lake (/ˈtuːli/ TOO-lee)[2] is an intermittent lake covering an area of 13,000 acres (53 km2), 8.0 km (5.0 mi) long and 4.8 km (3.0 mi) across,[1] in northeastern Siskiyou County and northwestern Modoc County in California, along the border with Oregon.

Geography

[edit]

Tule Lake is fed by the Lost River. The elevation of the lake is 4,035 ft (1,230 m).[1]

It is one of twenty ancient lakes in the world that have existed continuously for more than 1 million years.[3] However, this has recently come under significant threat due to multiple years of drought conditions.[4]

Tule Lake is located 2.4 km (1.5 mi),[1] southwest of the town of Tulelake in Northern California.

Wildlife and water

[edit]

The lake is part of the Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge and the Klamath Project. Deliveries of water from the Klamath Project have been necessary to provide sufficient water for wildlife. On July 24, 2020, a delivery of water from the Klamath Project saved 50,000 ducklings from death.[5]

History

[edit]

Canby's Cross is located about 3 mi (4.8 km) south of the lake; it is the site where General Edward Canby was killed by the Modoc chief Kintpuash, also known to American settlers as Captain Jack.[citation needed]

The Tule Lake War Relocation Center, a Japanese American internment camp, is located east of the lake, in Modoc County. During World War II, the United States federal government under Executive Order 9066, forced the evacuation of Japanese nationals and Japanese Americans, including citizens born in the United States, to numerous camps built in the interior of California and inland states. This camp later housed mainly those who rebelled against WRA control in other Japanese Internment Camps, as well as those who refused to cooperate under what was known as the "loyalty questionnaire".[6] They were forced to sell their businesses and homes, and suffered enormous economic and psychological losses by being treated as potential enemies. Following World War II, the federal government awarded 86 farm sites on land reclaimed by the drainage of Tule Lake to returning white veterans using a land lottery.[7] A lottery was used because the number of applicants was greater than the number of homesteads available.[8]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d "Tule Lake". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
  2. ^ "Tule Lake". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press.[dead link‍]
  3. ^ "Ancient lakes of the world | Christopher M. Free". marine.rutgers.edu. Archived from the original on February 9, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2022.
  4. ^ Alexander, Kurtis (April 15, 2022). "A vast California lake is set to run dry. Scientists". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved April 18, 2022.
  5. ^ "Klamath water arrives, saving 50,000 ducklings from certain death". SFChronicle.com. July 24, 2020. Retrieved July 25, 2020.
  6. ^ Wallace, Nina (July 14, 2020). "Understanding Tule Lake: A Brief History". Densho: Japanese American Incarceration and Japanese Internment. Retrieved October 15, 2023.
  7. ^ "Veterans Win Farms at Tule Lake Lottery," Life, 22:73-74, January 20, 1947, referenced in H W Martin and C A McMahan, 'Land Distribution in Georgia, The Southwestern Social Science Quarterly, Vol. 33, No. 1 (June 1952), pp. 44-51
  8. ^ Klamath Project, "The Klamath Project at 100: Conserving our Resources, Preserving our Heritage" [1] accessed 3 July 2015


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