Scipionic Circle: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
mNo edit summary |
Tom.Reding (talk | contribs) m +{{Authority control}} (1 ID from Wikidata); WP:GenFixes & cleanup on |
||
| (27 intermediate revisions by 21 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Short description|Group of philosophers, poets and politicians patronized by Scipio Aemilianus}} |
|||
The '''Scipionic Circle''', or the '''Circle of Scipio''', was a group of [[philosophers]], [[poets]], and [[politicians]] patronized by their namesake, [[Scipio Aemilianus]].<ref>http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Scipio_Africanus_Minor.aspx</ref> Together they would discuss Greek culture, literature, and humanism.<ref> |
The '''Scipionic Circle''', or the '''Circle of Scipio''', was a group of [[philosophers]], [[poets]], and [[politicians]] patronized by their namesake, [[Scipio Aemilianus]].<ref>[http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Scipio_Africanus_Minor.aspx Publius Cornelius Aemilianus Scipio Africanus Minor]</ref> Together they would discuss Greek culture, literature, and humanism.<ref name="A Companion to Terence">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Us5Js_xonSkC&pg=PT118 |title=A Companion to Terence}}</ref> Alongside their [[philhellenic]] disposition, the group also had a more humane Roman foreign policy.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/scipionic-circle-e1105630|title=Scipionic circle - Brill Reference}}</ref> The term was first derived during the 19th century and ubiquitously adopted by scholars of the early 20th century.<ref name="oxfordreference.com">[http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198606413.001.0001/acref-9780198606413-e-5744 The Oxford Classical Dictionary]</ref> The collection of members varied during its existence, from 15 names of the early period, to 27 in its middle to 10 in its final.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayFulltext?type=1&fid=4328044&jid=CAR&volumeId=49&issueId=01&aid=3694316|title=Cambridge Journals Online - The Classical Review - Abstract - The Circle of Scipio ''A Study of the Scipionic Circle''. By Ruth Martin Brown. [See C.R. XLVIII, 246.]}}</ref> |
||
Contemporary academia regards the concept of the "Scipionic Circle" with suspicion. [[Cicero]] is the primary source on the subject |
Contemporary academia regards the concept of the "Scipionic Circle" with suspicion. [[Cicero]] is the primary source on the subject in his works ''[[De amicitia]]'' and ''[[De republica]]''.<ref>[http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/sterms/g/ScipionicCircle.htm Scipio Africanus]</ref> Cicero's construction bestows an unsupported unity between Scipio's friends. If there ever was such a unity it would be between [[Panaetius]] and the more philosophically-inclined members of the collective.<ref name="oxfordreference.com"/> In addition to a dependence on these works of Cicero, within these two works Cicero creates two different circles.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Cicero and the Scipionic Circle |last=Zetzel|first=J.E.G. |date=1972|journal=Harvard Studies in Classical Philology|volume=76 |jstor=310983}}</ref> Among other problems brought up by academics, two of the most prominent members of the group, [[Terence]] and Panaetius, could not have met as Terence had died prior to Panaetius arriving in Rome.<ref name="A Companion to Terence"/> |
||
==In ''[[De re publica]]''== |
|||
The members of circle included: |
|||
Main speakers: |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
Senior speakers: |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
*[[Lucius Furius Philus]], consul of Rome in 136 BC. |
*[[Lucius Furius Philus]], consul of Rome in 136 BC. |
||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
Younger speakers: |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
*[[Publius Rutilius Rufus]], consul of Rome in 105 BC; fought alongside Scipio during the [[Numantine War]]. |
*[[Publius Rutilius Rufus]], consul of Rome in 105 BC; fought alongside Scipio during the [[Numantine War]]. |
||
| ⚫ | |||
*[[Gaius Fannius]], consul of Rome in 122 BC. |
|||
Having younger speakers illustrates "the Roman penchant for training the youth by having them listen to respected members of the previlous generation, as in [[De oratore]]".<ref name="Cape Jr.">''Cicero and the Development of Prudential Practice at Rome'', by Robert W. Cape Jr. from ''Prudence''. Ed. Robert Hariman. Pennsylvania State University Press, 2003. - Page 53.</ref> |
|||
==In ''[[De oratore]]''== |
|||
This dialogue takes place in 91 BC. |
|||
Senior Speakers: |
|||
*[[Quintus Mucius Scaevola Augur]], who "provides an important link between the two dialogues, a young man in De re publica and an old man, the father-in-law and teacher of Crassus, in De oratore."<ref name="Cape Jr." /> |
|||
==Other members== |
|||
*[[Terence]], Carthaginian-born playwright. |
*[[Terence]], Carthaginian-born playwright. |
||
*[[Gaius Lucilius]], the earliest Roman satirist. |
*[[Gaius Lucilius]], the earliest Roman satirist. |
||
*[[Polybius]], a Greek historian. |
*[[Polybius]], a Greek historian. |
||
*[[Panaetius of Rhodes]], the seventh and final [[Stoicism|Stoic]] [[scholarch]]. |
*[[Panaetius of Rhodes]], the seventh and final [[Stoicism|Stoic]] [[scholarch]]. |
||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
==References== |
==References== |
||
{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
||
{{Authority control}} |
|||
[[Category:Philhellenes]] |
|||
[[Category:Political thought in ancient Rome]] |
|||
[[Category: |
[[Category:Political thought in ancient Rome]] |
||
[[Category:Philosophers of Roman Italy]] |
|||
Latest revision as of 15:06, 21 October 2023
The Scipionic Circle, or the Circle of Scipio, was a group of philosophers, poets, and politicians patronized by their namesake, Scipio Aemilianus.[1] Together they would discuss Greek culture, literature, and humanism.[2] Alongside their philhellenic disposition, the group also had a more humane Roman foreign policy.[3] The term was first derived during the 19th century and ubiquitously adopted by scholars of the early 20th century.[4] The collection of members varied during its existence, from 15 names of the early period, to 27 in its middle to 10 in its final.[5]
Contemporary academia regards the concept of the "Scipionic Circle" with suspicion. Cicero is the primary source on the subject in his works De amicitia and De republica.[6] Cicero's construction bestows an unsupported unity between Scipio's friends. If there ever was such a unity it would be between Panaetius and the more philosophically-inclined members of the collective.[4] In addition to a dependence on these works of Cicero, within these two works Cicero creates two different circles.[7] Among other problems brought up by academics, two of the most prominent members of the group, Terence and Panaetius, could not have met as Terence had died prior to Panaetius arriving in Rome.[2]
In De re publica
[edit]Main speakers:
- Scipio Aemilianus, consul of Rome in 147 BC and 134 BC.
- Gaius Laelius Sapiens, consul of Rome in 140 BC.
Senior speakers:
- Lucius Furius Philus, consul of Rome in 136 BC.
- Manius Manilius, consul of Rome in 149 BC.
- Spurius Mummius, satirist and soldier.
Younger speakers:
- Quintus Aelius Tubero, tribunate in 130 BC.
- Publius Rutilius Rufus, consul of Rome in 105 BC; fought alongside Scipio during the Numantine War.
- Quintus Mucius Scaevola Augur, consul of Rome in 117 BC.
- Gaius Fannius, consul of Rome in 122 BC.
Having younger speakers illustrates "the Roman penchant for training the youth by having them listen to respected members of the previlous generation, as in De oratore".[8]
In De oratore
[edit]This dialogue takes place in 91 BC.
Senior Speakers:
- Quintus Mucius Scaevola Augur, who "provides an important link between the two dialogues, a young man in De re publica and an old man, the father-in-law and teacher of Crassus, in De oratore."[8]
Other members
[edit]- Terence, Carthaginian-born playwright.
- Gaius Lucilius, the earliest Roman satirist.
- Polybius, a Greek historian.
- Panaetius of Rhodes, the seventh and final Stoic scholarch.
References
[edit]- ^ Publius Cornelius Aemilianus Scipio Africanus Minor
- ^ a b A Companion to Terence.
- ^ "Scipionic circle - Brill Reference".
- ^ a b The Oxford Classical Dictionary
- ^ "Cambridge Journals Online - The Classical Review - Abstract - The Circle of Scipio A Study of the Scipionic Circle. By Ruth Martin Brown. [See C.R. XLVIII, 246.]".
- ^ Scipio Africanus
- ^ Zetzel, J.E.G. (1972). "Cicero and the Scipionic Circle". Harvard Studies in Classical Philology. 76. JSTOR 310983.
- ^ a b Cicero and the Development of Prudential Practice at Rome, by Robert W. Cape Jr. from Prudence. Ed. Robert Hariman. Pennsylvania State University Press, 2003. - Page 53.
| Authority control databases: National |
|---|
