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{{Short description|British immunologist}}
{{Short description|British immunologist}}
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{{Orphan|date=April 2022}}

{{Infobox scientist
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Lindy Gillian Durrant
| name = Lindy Durrant
| workplaces = [[University of Nottingham]] <br> Scancell Ltd
| workplaces = [[University of Nottingham]] <br> Scancell Ltd
| alma_mater = [[University of Manchester]] <br> [[Paterson Institute for Cancer Research]]
| alma_mater = [[University of Manchester]] <br> [[Paterson Institute for Cancer Research]]
}}
}}
'''Lindy Durrant''' is a British immunologist who is Professor of Cancer Immunotherapy at the University of Nottingham and Chief Scientific Officer and Chief Executive Officer of the UK AIM listed biotech company Scancell Ltd. Durrant's work focusses on harnessing the immune system to treat cancer and infectious disease. Across her career Durrant has developed a panel of [[Monoclonal antibody|monoclonal antibodies]] which recognise tumour associated [[glycan]]s, pioneered novel antibody engineering technology to enhance the avidity of monoclonal antibodies as well as developed a number of different cancer vaccine platforms to target cancers such as [[melanoma]], [[Triple-negative breast cancer|triple negative breast cancer]], [[head and neck cancer]] amongst others.

'''Lindy Durrant''' is a British immunologist, Professor of Cancer Immunotherapy and Chief Scientific Office of Scancell Ltd. She developed a panel of [[Monoclonal antibody|monoclonal antibodies]] recognised tumour associated glycans, pioneered a novel antibody engineering technology to enhance the avidity of [[Monoclonal antibody|monoclonal antibodies]] and new antibody engineering technologies. Her research has been used for anti-glycan [[Monoclonal antibody|monoclonal antibodies]].


== Early life and education ==
== Early life and education ==

Durrant was an undergraduate student at the [[University of Manchester]], where she studied biochemistry. She moved to the medical school as a graduate student, where she started working on cancer chemotherapy at the [[Paterson Institute for Cancer Research]]. After earning her doctorate she was appointed as a postdoctoral scholar.
Durrant was an undergraduate student at the [[University of Manchester]], where she studied biochemistry. She moved to the medical school, where she started working on cancer chemotherapy at the [[Paterson Institute for Cancer Research]].{{citation needed|date= September 2023}}


== Research and career ==
== Research and career ==
In 1983, Durrant joined the [[University of Nottingham]] as a postdoctoral scientist and continues to work at the University. She now holds the position of Professor of Cancer Immunotherapy as well as heading up the Nottingham University Therapeutic Antibody Centre (NUTAC) which produces monoclonal antibodies for cancer therapy. In 1997 Durrant founded the company Scancell - a biotechnology company focussed on harnessing the immune system to treat cancer.<ref>{{Cite web |title=COMPANY - Scancell |url=https://www.scancell.co.uk/company |access-date=28 April 2022 |website=www.scancell.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=1 January 2022 |title=From flying taxis to painless vaccines: seven businesses to watch this year |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2022/jan/01/from-flying-taxis-to-painless-vaccines-seven-businesses-to-watch-this-year |access-date=29 April 2022 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref> Through her work at Scancell, Durrant has gone on to develop two separate platforms to treat cancer through the stimulation of [[T cell]]s to kill tumour cells. Firstly, a modular [[DNA vaccine]] platform ImmunoBody which was successfully trialled in melanoma (see [[SCIB1]])<ref>{{Cite journal |date=13 July 2022|website=ClinicalTrials.gov |title=SCIB1 clinical trial. |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04079166}}</ref> as well as a peptide based cancer vaccine Moditope which targets stress-induced [[post-translational modification]]s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MODI-1 Clinical Trial | date=17 May 2022 |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05329532?term=scancell&draw=2&rank=1}}</ref> Both of these vaccines harness the immune system by inducing killer [[CD8]] T cells and [[Cytotoxicity|cytotoxic]] [[CD4+ T cells and antitumor immunity|CD4 T cells]] to clear cancer cells from the body. She has also developed a number of different monoclonal antibodies which target tumour associated glycans,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Tivadar |first1=Silvana T. |last2=McIntosh |first2=Richard S. |last3=Chua |first3=Jia Xin |last4=Moss |first4=Robert |last5=Parsons |first5=Tina |last6=Zaitoun |first6=Abed M. |last7=Madhusudan |first7=Srinivasan |last8=Durrant |first8=Lindy G. |last9=Vankemmelbeke |first9=Mireille |date=March 2020 |title=Monoclonal Antibody Targeting Sialyl-di-Lewisa-Containing Internalizing and Noninternalizing Glycoproteins with Cancer Immunotherapy Development Potential |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31871270/#:~:text=Immunotherapy%20Development%20Potential-,Monoclonal%20Antibody%20Targeting%20Sialyl-di-Lewis%20a-Containing%20Internalizing,:%2010.1158/1535-7163. |journal=Molecular Cancer Therapeutics |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=790–801 |doi=10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-19-0221 |issn=1538-8514 |pmid=31871270|s2cid=209461473 }}</ref> as well as identifying unique sequence residues in the [[Fragment crystallizable region|Fc region]] that enable monoclonal antibodies to self-associate upon target recognition, resulting in more potent, high avidity antibodies.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Vankemmelbeke |first1=Mireille |last2=McIntosh |first2=Richard S. |last3=Chua |first3=Jia Xin |last4=Kirk |first4=Thomas |last5=Daniels |first5=Ian |last6=Patsalidou |first6=Marilena |last7=Moss |first7=Robert |last8=Parsons |first8=Tina |last9=Scott |first9=David |last10=Harris |first10=Gemma |last11=Ramage |first11=Judith M. |date=15 August 2020 |title=Engineering the Human Fc Region Enables Direct Cell Killing by Cancer Glycan-Targeting Antibodies without the Need for Immune Effector Cells or Complement |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32532823/#:~:text=Cells%20or%20Complement-,Engineering%20the%20Human%20Fc%20Region%20Enables%20Direct%20Cell%20Killing%20by,:%2010.1158/0008-5472. |journal=Cancer Research |volume=80 |issue=16 |pages=3399–3412 |doi=10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-19-3599 |issn=1538-7445 |pmc=7611157 |pmid=32532823}}</ref>
In 1981 Durrant joined the [[University of Nottingham]]. Durrant founded the company Scancell in 1997.<ref>{{Cite web |title=COMPANY - Scancell |url=https://www.scancell.co.uk/company |access-date=2022-04-28 |website=www.scancell.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-01 |title=From flying taxis to painless vaccines: seven businesses to watch this year |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2022/jan/01/from-flying-taxis-to-painless-vaccines-seven-businesses-to-watch-this-year |access-date=2022-04-29 |website=the Guardian |language=en}}</ref> Scancell have developed a [[DNA vaccine]] platform that can stimulate [[T cell]]s which kills tumour cells. Durrant has developed two vaccine platforms, ImmunoBody<sup>TM</sup> and Moditope<sup>TM</sup>. These vaccines induce killer [[CD8]] [[T cell]]s and [[Cytotoxicity|cytotoxic]] [[CD4+ T cells and antitumor immunity|CD4 T cells]]. ImmunoBody<sup>TM</sup> has been successfully used to treat patients with melanoma.


Scancell created two [[COVID-19 vaccine]]s,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Locker |first=Joseph |date=2020-04-26 |title=Nottingham scientists identify parts of coronavirus which may lead to vaccine |url=https://www.nottinghampost.com/news/nottingham-news/scientists-nottingham-universities-identify-parts-4079052 |access-date=2022-04-29 |website=NottinghamshireLive |language=en}}</ref> which induce antibody and T-cell responses against [[severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2]] and its variants.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2021-12-11 |title=As Covid mutates, the vaccine makers are adapting too |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2021/dec/11/as-covid-mutates-the-vaccine-makers-are-adapting-too |access-date=2022-04-29 |website=the Guardian |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=COVID-19: New vaccine in development has 'insurance' against coronavirus mutations |url=https://news.sky.com/story/covid-19-new-vaccine-in-development-has-insurance-against-virus-mutations-12217119 |access-date=2022-04-29 |website=Sky News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-02-14 |title=British scientists to trial new Covid vaccine with 'insurance' against mutant variants |url=https://inews.co.uk/news/uk/british-scientists-trial-new-covid-vaccine-mutant-variants-871438 |access-date=2022-04-29 |website=inews.co.uk |language=en}}</ref> It is expected that vaccines that induce a strong T-cell response would achieve longer lasting immunity. The vaccines, which were supported by the [[University of Nottingham]] and [[Nottingham Trent University]], underwent clinical trials in 2021.<ref name=":0" /> They are administered via spring-powered injectors which deliver a stream of fluid.<ref name=":0" />
During the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] Durrant and collaborators from the [[University of Nottingham]] and [[Nottingham Trent University]] created two [[COVID-19 vaccine]]s<ref>{{Cite web |last=Locker |first=Joseph |date=26 April 2020 |title=Nottingham scientists identify parts of coronavirus which may lead to vaccine |url=https://www.nottinghampost.com/news/nottingham-news/scientists-nottingham-universities-identify-parts-4079052 |access-date=29 April 2022 |website=NottinghamshireLive |language=en}}</ref> based on the ImmunoBody DNA vaccine platform. These vaccines were designed to induce both [[Neutralizing antibody|neutralising antibody]] and T-cell responses directly against the covid-19 [[Coronavirus nucleocapsid protein|N-]] and [[Coronavirus spike protein|S-proteins]] which in comparison to first-generation vaccines could help protect patients against different variants of Covid-19 as well as more broadly against other beta-coronaviruses.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=11 December 2021 |title=As Covid mutates, the vaccine makers are adapting too |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2021/dec/11/as-covid-mutates-the-vaccine-makers-are-adapting-too |access-date=29 April 2022 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=COVID-19: New vaccine in development has 'insurance' against coronavirus mutations |url=https://news.sky.com/story/covid-19-new-vaccine-in-development-has-insurance-against-virus-mutations-12217119 |access-date=29 April 2022 |website=Sky News |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=14 February 2021 |title=British scientists to trial new Covid vaccine with 'insurance' against mutant variants |url=https://inews.co.uk/news/uk/british-scientists-trial-new-covid-vaccine-mutant-variants-871438 |access-date=29 April 2022 |website=inews.co.uk |language=en}}</ref> The vaccines are administered via spring-powered injectors which deliver a stream of fluid.<ref name=":0" /> It is expected that these vaccines would be able to induce a strong T-cell response against the conserved N-protein which would help achieve longer lasting immunity.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Le Bert |first1=Nina |last2=Tan |first2=Anthony T. |last3=Kunasegaran |first3=Kamini |last4=Tham |first4=Christine Y. L. |last5=Hafezi |first5=Morteza |last6=Chia |first6=Adeline |last7=Chng |first7=Melissa Hui Yen |last8=Lin |first8=Meiyin |last9=Tan |first9=Nicole |last10=Linster |first10=Martin |last11=Chia |first11=Wan Ni |date=August 2020 |title=SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity in cases of COVID-19 and SARS, and uninfected controls |journal=Nature |language=en |volume=584 |issue=7821 |pages=457–462 |doi=10.1038/s41586-020-2550-z |pmid=32668444 |s2cid=220580925 |issn=1476-4687|doi-access=free }}</ref> The vaccines, which were supported by InnovateUK funding underwent clinical trials in 2021.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Covid-19 DNA vaccine trial | date=30 May 2022 |url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05047445?term=scancell&draw=2&rank=2}}</ref><ref name=":0" />


== Awards and honour ==
== Awards and honours ==
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* 2019 Swedish Society of Oncology Waldenstrom Prize<ref>{{Cite web |title=Professor Lindy Durrant receives Waldenstr̦m award РCompany Announcement - FT.com |url=https://markets.ft.com/data/announce/full?dockey=1323-14010019-595GB7IT3HL5BSB8O4Q02JJMAD |access-date=28 April 2022 |website=markets.ft.com}}</ref>

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* 2019 Swedish Society of Oncology Waldenstrom Prize<ref>{{Cite web |title=Professor Lindy Durrant receives Waldenstr̦m award РCompany Announcement - FT.com |url=https://markets.ft.com/data/announce/full?dockey=1323-14010019-595GB7IT3HL5BSB8O4Q02JJMAD |access-date=2022-04-28 |website=markets.ft.com}}</ref>

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== Select publications ==


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== Selected publications ==
* {{Cite Q|Q53851520}}
* {{Cite Q|Q53851520}}
* {{Cite Q|Q54539424}}
* {{Cite Q|Q54539424}}
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[[Category:Living people]]
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[[Category:Alumni of the University of Manchester]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Manchester]]
[[Category:Academics of the University of Nottingham]]
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[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

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Latest revision as of 02:38, 22 October 2023

Lindy Durrant
Alma materUniversity of Manchester
Paterson Institute for Cancer Research
Scientific career
InstitutionsUniversity of Nottingham
Scancell Ltd

Lindy Durrant is a British immunologist who is Professor of Cancer Immunotherapy at the University of Nottingham and Chief Scientific Officer and Chief Executive Officer of the UK AIM listed biotech company Scancell Ltd. Durrant's work focusses on harnessing the immune system to treat cancer and infectious disease. Across her career Durrant has developed a panel of monoclonal antibodies which recognise tumour associated glycans, pioneered novel antibody engineering technology to enhance the avidity of monoclonal antibodies as well as developed a number of different cancer vaccine platforms to target cancers such as melanoma, triple negative breast cancer, head and neck cancer amongst others.

Early life and education

[edit]

Durrant was an undergraduate student at the University of Manchester, where she studied biochemistry. She moved to the medical school, where she started working on cancer chemotherapy at the Paterson Institute for Cancer Research.[citation needed]

Research and career

[edit]

In 1983, Durrant joined the University of Nottingham as a postdoctoral scientist and continues to work at the University. She now holds the position of Professor of Cancer Immunotherapy as well as heading up the Nottingham University Therapeutic Antibody Centre (NUTAC) which produces monoclonal antibodies for cancer therapy. In 1997 Durrant founded the company Scancell - a biotechnology company focussed on harnessing the immune system to treat cancer.[1][2] Through her work at Scancell, Durrant has gone on to develop two separate platforms to treat cancer through the stimulation of T cells to kill tumour cells. Firstly, a modular DNA vaccine platform ImmunoBody which was successfully trialled in melanoma (see SCIB1)[3] as well as a peptide based cancer vaccine Moditope which targets stress-induced post-translational modifications.[4] Both of these vaccines harness the immune system by inducing killer CD8 T cells and cytotoxic CD4 T cells to clear cancer cells from the body. She has also developed a number of different monoclonal antibodies which target tumour associated glycans,[5] as well as identifying unique sequence residues in the Fc region that enable monoclonal antibodies to self-associate upon target recognition, resulting in more potent, high avidity antibodies.[6]

During the COVID-19 pandemic Durrant and collaborators from the University of Nottingham and Nottingham Trent University created two COVID-19 vaccines[7] based on the ImmunoBody DNA vaccine platform. These vaccines were designed to induce both neutralising antibody and T-cell responses directly against the covid-19 N- and S-proteins which in comparison to first-generation vaccines could help protect patients against different variants of Covid-19 as well as more broadly against other beta-coronaviruses.[8][9][10] The vaccines are administered via spring-powered injectors which deliver a stream of fluid.[8] It is expected that these vaccines would be able to induce a strong T-cell response against the conserved N-protein which would help achieve longer lasting immunity.[11] The vaccines, which were supported by InnovateUK funding underwent clinical trials in 2021.[12][8]

Awards and honours

[edit]
  • 2019 Swedish Society of Oncology Waldenstrom Prize[13]

Selected publications

[edit]
  • Nicholas F S Watson; Judith M. Ramage; Zahra Madjd; Ian Spendlove; Ian Ellis; John H Scholefield; Lindy G Durrant (1 January 2006). "Immunosurveillance is active in colorectal cancer as downregulation but not complete loss of MHC class I expression correlates with a poor prognosis". International Journal of Cancer. 118 (1): 6–10. doi:10.1002/IJC.21303. ISSN 0020-7136. PMID 16003753. Wikidata Q53851520.
  • Ekaterina S. Jordanova; Ekaterina S. Jordanova; Arko Gorter; et al. (1 April 2008). "Human leukocyte antigen class I, MHC class I chain-related molecule A, and CD8+/regulatory T-cell ratio: which variable determines survival of cervical cancer patients?". Clinical Cancer Research. 14 (7): 2028–2035. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-4554. ISSN 1078-0432. PMID 18381941. Wikidata Q54539424.
  • Nicholas F S Watson; Ian Spendlove; Zahra Madjd; Roger McGilvray; Andrew R Green; Ian O Ellis; John H Scholefield; Lindy G Durrant (1 March 2006). "Expression of the stress-related MHC class I chain-related protein MICA is an indicator of good prognosis in colorectal cancer patients". International Journal of Cancer. 118 (6): 1445–1452. doi:10.1002/IJC.21510. ISSN 0020-7136. PMID 16184547. Wikidata Q50753300.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "COMPANY - Scancell". www.scancell.co.uk. Retrieved 28 April 2022.
  2. ^ "From flying taxis to painless vaccines: seven businesses to watch this year". The Guardian. 1 January 2022. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
  3. ^ "SCIB1 clinical trial". ClinicalTrials.gov. 13 July 2022.
  4. ^ "MODI-1 Clinical Trial". 17 May 2022.
  5. ^ Tivadar, Silvana T.; McIntosh, Richard S.; Chua, Jia Xin; Moss, Robert; Parsons, Tina; Zaitoun, Abed M.; Madhusudan, Srinivasan; Durrant, Lindy G.; Vankemmelbeke, Mireille (March 2020). "Monoclonal Antibody Targeting Sialyl-di-Lewisa-Containing Internalizing and Noninternalizing Glycoproteins with Cancer Immunotherapy Development Potential". Molecular Cancer Therapeutics. 19 (3): 790–801. doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-19-0221. ISSN 1538-8514. PMID 31871270. S2CID 209461473.
  6. ^ Vankemmelbeke, Mireille; McIntosh, Richard S.; Chua, Jia Xin; Kirk, Thomas; Daniels, Ian; Patsalidou, Marilena; Moss, Robert; Parsons, Tina; Scott, David; Harris, Gemma; Ramage, Judith M. (15 August 2020). "Engineering the Human Fc Region Enables Direct Cell Killing by Cancer Glycan-Targeting Antibodies without the Need for Immune Effector Cells or Complement". Cancer Research. 80 (16): 3399–3412. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-19-3599. ISSN 1538-7445. PMC 7611157. PMID 32532823.
  7. ^ Locker, Joseph (26 April 2020). "Nottingham scientists identify parts of coronavirus which may lead to vaccine". NottinghamshireLive. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
  8. ^ a b c "As Covid mutates, the vaccine makers are adapting too". The Guardian. 11 December 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
  9. ^ "COVID-19: New vaccine in development has 'insurance' against coronavirus mutations". Sky News. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
  10. ^ "British scientists to trial new Covid vaccine with 'insurance' against mutant variants". inews.co.uk. 14 February 2021. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
  11. ^ Le Bert, Nina; Tan, Anthony T.; Kunasegaran, Kamini; Tham, Christine Y. L.; Hafezi, Morteza; Chia, Adeline; Chng, Melissa Hui Yen; Lin, Meiyin; Tan, Nicole; Linster, Martin; Chia, Wan Ni (August 2020). "SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity in cases of COVID-19 and SARS, and uninfected controls". Nature. 584 (7821): 457–462. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2550-z. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 32668444. S2CID 220580925.
  12. ^ "Covid-19 DNA vaccine trial". 30 May 2022.
  13. ^ "Professor Lindy Durrant receives Waldenstr̦m award РCompany Announcement - FT.com". markets.ft.com. Retrieved 28 April 2022.


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