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{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Update|type=|date=June 2020|reason=Contains large amounts of out of date information}}
{{Infobox military unit
{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name=173rd Aviation Squadron
|unit_name=173rd Special Operations Aviation Squadron
|image=
|image=
|caption=
|caption=
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|allegiance=
|allegiance=
|branch=[[Australian Army]]
|branch=[[Australian Army]]
|type=Aviation
|type=Training
|role= [[Special operations]] aviation
|role=Provide aviation support to special operations
|size=One squadron
|size=One squadron
|command_structure=[[6th Aviation Regiment (Australia)|6th Aviation Regiment]]
|command_structure=[[6th Aviation Regiment (Australia)|6th Aviation Regiment]]
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|identification_symbol_3_label=
|identification_symbol_3_label=
<!-- Aircraft -->
<!-- Aircraft -->
|aircraft_helicopter=[[UH-60 Black Hawk|S70A Blackhawk]]
|aircraft_helicopter=[[Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk|UH-60M Black Hawk]]{{efn|name=fn1}}
}}
}}


The '''173rd Aviation Squadron''' is an [[Australian Army]] helicopter squadron equipped with [[UH-60 Black Hawk|S70A Black Hawk]] helicopters and provides support to the [[Special Operations Command (Australia)|Special Operations Command]]. The Squadron is based at Luscombe Airfield, [[Holsworthy Barracks]], [[Sydney]] and forms part of the [[6th Aviation Regiment (Australia)|6th Aviation Regiment]].<ref name="6th">{{cite web|title=6th Aviation Regiment|url=http://www.army.gov.au/Our-people/Units/Forces-Command/16th-Aviation-Brigade/6th-Aviation-Regiment|website=Australian Army|accessdate=30 July 2016}}</ref>
The '''173rd Special Operations Aviation Squadron''' ('''173 SOAS''') is an [[Australian Army]] helicopter training squadron that provides support to the [[Special Operations Command (Australia)|Special Operations Command]]. The squadron is being equipped with [[Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk|UH-60M Black Hawk]] helicopters.{{efn|name=fn1|The Army received the first three UH-60Ms in August 2023 from an order of 40 UH-60Ms.<ref name="ADMAug23"/><ref name="MRH90retired"/>}} The squadron is based at Luscombe Airfield, [[Holsworthy Barracks]], [[Sydney]] and forms part of the [[6th Aviation Regiment (Australia)|6th Aviation Regiment]].<ref name="6th">{{cite web|title=6th Aviation Regiment|url=http://www.army.gov.au/Our-people/Units/Forces-Command/16th-Aviation-Brigade/6th-Aviation-Regiment|website=Australian Army|access-date=30 July 2016|archive-date=12 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160912102027/http://army.gov.au/Our-people/Units/Forces-Command/16th-Aviation-Brigade/6th-Aviation-Regiment|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Pittaway |first1=Nigel |title=Vigilance |url=https://www.keymilitary.com/article/vigilance |access-date=10 January 2022 |magazine=AirForces Monthly |issue=359 |publisher=Key Publishing |issn=0955-7091|page=68|date=February 2018}}</ref>


The Squadron originally operated fixed-wing aircraft designated as the 173rd General Support Squadron and was later renamed the 173rd Surveillance Squadron. In 2010, the Squadron was re-designated as 173rd Aviation Squadron when it transitioned to rotary aircraft.
The squadron originally operated fixed-wing aircraft designated as the 173rd General Support Squadron and was later renamed the 173rd Surveillance Squadron. In 2010, the squadron was renamed the 173rd Aviation Squadron when it transitioned to rotary aircraft and was later renamed the 173rd Special Operations Aviation Squadron.


==History==
==History==
⚫
On 17 February 1974, the 173rd General Support Squadron was formed as part of the [[1st Aviation Regiment (Australia)|1st Aviation Regiment]] based at [[Oakey Army Aviation Centre|Oakey]] and initially operated 6 [[Pilatus PC-6 Porter]]s. In 1978, the squadron also received 11 [[GAF Nomad]] aircraft.<ref name=Eather150>{{harvnb|Eather|1995|p=150}}.</ref> During this time, the squadron undertook a variety of Army co-operation roles utilising the short take-off and landing characteristics of its aircraft. These included: artillery spotting, troop transport, field resupply, medevac, ground-air liaison. It was also used for survey work in the South Pacific and flood relief in Australia.<ref>{{harvnb|Eather|1995|pp=150–151}}.</ref> In 1978, the squadron was involved in Operation Cenderawasih a mapping program in [[Papua (province)|Irian Jaya]] in [[Indonesia]] with the Indonesian Army.<ref name="1st history">{{cite web|title=1st Aviation Regiment |url=http://www.fourays.org/aviation_units/1_avn_regt/1_avn_regt.htm |website=The Australian Army Aviation Association |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090822081754/http://www.fourays.org/aviation_units/1_avn_regt/1_avn_regt.htm |archive-date=2009-08-22 }}</ref>


⚫
With the retirement of the Porters in October 1992,<ref name="1st structure"/><ref name="Corps"/> the following year the squadron adopted the title of "173rd Surveillance Squadron" under this guise it undertook the aerial surveillance and survey roles and was also used as a vehicle to deliver parachute troops. In 1993, it acquired 12 more Nomads, mainly unsold civilian variants which had been kept in storage, to replace the Porters.
⚫
On 17 February 1974, the 173rd General Support Squadron was formed as part of the [[1st Aviation Regiment (Australia)|1st Aviation Regiment]] based at [[Oakey Army Aviation Centre|Oakey]] and initially operated 6 [[Pilatus PC-6 Porter]]s. In 1978, the Squadron also received 11 [[GAF Nomad]] aircraft.<ref name=Eather150>{{harvnb|Eather|1995|p=150}}.</ref> During this time, the Squadron undertook a variety of Army co-operation roles utilising the short take-off and landing characteristics of its aircraft. These included: artillery spotting, troop transport, field resupply, medevac, ground-air liaison. It was also used for survey work in the South Pacific and flood relief in Australia.<ref>{{harvnb|Eather|1995|pp=150–151}}.</ref> In 1978, the Squadron was involved in Operation Cenderawasih a mapping program in [[West Papua (province)|Irian Jaya]] in [[Indonesia]] with the Indonesian Army.<ref name="1st history">{{cite web|title=1st Aviation Regiment |url=http://www.fourays.org/aviation_units/1_avn_regt/1_avn_regt.htm |website=The Australian Army Aviation Association |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090822081754/http://www.fourays.org/aviation_units/1_avn_regt/1_avn_regt.htm |archivedate=2009-08-22 |df= }}</ref>

⚫
With the retirement of the Porters in October 1992,<ref name="1st structure"/><ref name="Corps"/> the following year the Squadron adopted the title of "173rd Surveillance Squadron" under this guise it undertook the aerial surveillance and survey roles and was also used as a vehicle to deliver parachute troops. In 1993, it acquired 12 more Nomads, mainly unsold civilian variants which had been kept in storage, to replace the Porters.


[[File:Beechcraft B300 King Air 350 A32-426.jpg|thumb|right|A King Air B350 at Kingsford Smith International Airport in 2006]]
[[File:Beechcraft B300 King Air 350 A32-426.jpg|thumb|right|A King Air B350 at Kingsford Smith International Airport in 2006]]
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In August 1995, following the fatal crashes involving Nomads from the [[Royal Australian Air Force]] (RAAF) and the [[Oakey Army Aviation Centre|School of Army Aviation]], the aircraft were withdrawn from service.<ref name="1st structure"/><ref name="Corps"/> Most of the Nomad fleet was sold to the [[Indonesian Navy]] but two were retained as unflyable training aids.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.adf-gallery.com.au/3a18.htm|title=Army & RAAF A18 Government Aircraft Factory N22 & N24A Nomad|author1=Crick, D|author2=Avery, L|publisher=adf-serials.com.au|date=17 March 2016}}</ref>
In August 1995, following the fatal crashes involving Nomads from the [[Royal Australian Air Force]] (RAAF) and the [[Oakey Army Aviation Centre|School of Army Aviation]], the aircraft were withdrawn from service.<ref name="1st structure"/><ref name="Corps"/> Most of the Nomad fleet was sold to the [[Indonesian Navy]] but two were retained as unflyable training aids.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.adf-gallery.com.au/3a18.htm|title=Army & RAAF A18 Government Aircraft Factory N22 & N24A Nomad|author1=Crick, D|author2=Avery, L|publisher=adf-serials.com.au|date=17 March 2016}}</ref>


As a consequence, the Squadron operated 4 [[Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante|Embraer EMB 110P1 Bandeirante]] aircraft leased from [[Flight West Airlines]] temporarily while a replacement for the Nomad was found.<ref name="Corps"/><ref name=Eather151>{{harvnb|Eather|1995|p=151}}.</ref> From 1996, these aircraft were replaced with 3 [[Beechcraft Super King Air|Beechcraft King Air]] B200 aircraft leased from Hawker Pacific to be based at Oakley and 3 [[de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter]] 320 aircraft leased from Hawker Pacific to be based in Darwin.<ref name="1st structure">{{cite web|title=1st Aviation Regiment |url=http://www.fourays.org/avnregt/index.html |website=The Australian Army Aviation Association |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20021207202337/http://www.fourays.org/avnregt/index.html |archivedate=2002-12-07 |df= }}</ref><ref name="Corps"/><ref name="Bureau"/> On 9 November 1997, Twin Otter VH-HPY was lost in a tropical mountainous training accident in Papua New Guinea, resulting in serious injuries to the three trainees and instructor onboard.<ref name="Bureau">{{cite web|url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/24886/aair199703719_001.pdf|title=Investigation Report 9703719|publisher=Bureau of Air Safety Investigation|date=June 1999}}</ref>
As a consequence, the squadron operated 4 [[Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante|Embraer EMB 110P1 Bandeirante]] aircraft leased from [[Flight West Airlines]] temporarily while a replacement for the Nomad was found.<ref name="Corps"/><ref name=Eather151>{{harvnb|Eather|1995|p=151}}.</ref> From 1996, these aircraft were replaced with 3 [[Beechcraft Super King Air|Beechcraft King Air]] B200 aircraft leased from Hawker Pacific to be based at Oakley and 3 [[de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter]] 320 aircraft leased from Hawker Pacific to be based in Darwin.<ref name="1st structure">{{cite web|title=1st Aviation Regiment |url=http://www.fourays.org/avnregt/index.html |website=The Australian Army Aviation Association |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021207202337/http://www.fourays.org/avnregt/index.html |archive-date=2002-12-07 }}</ref><ref name="Corps"/><ref name="Bureau"/> On 9 November 1997, Twin Otter VH-HPY was lost in a tropical mountainous training accident in Papua New Guinea, resulting in serious injuries to the three trainees and instructor onboard.<ref name="Bureau">{{cite web|url=https://www.atsb.gov.au/media/24886/aair199703719_001.pdf|title=Investigation Report 9703719|publisher=Bureau of Air Safety Investigation|date=June 1999}}</ref>


The Squadron served in several [[East Timor]] operations including [[International Force for East Timor|INTERFET]], [[United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor|UNTAET]], [[United Nations Mission of Support to East Timor|UNMISET]] and [[Operation Astute]].<ref name="1st history"/><ref name="museum">{{cite web|title=Army aviation in Australia 1970–2015|url=http://www.army.gov.au/~/media/Files/Our%20work/Community%20engagement/2015_02_AHQ_ArmyAviation_Factsheet.pdf|website=Australian Army|publisher=Australian Army Flying Museum|accessdate=4 August 2016|ref=24 February 2015}}</ref> A Squadron King Air was the first ADF aircraft to land in [[Dili, East Timor|Dili]] ahead of the [[INTERFET]] peace-keeping taskforce in 1999.<ref name="Corps">{{cite web|title=History of Australian Army Aviation|url=http://www.diggerhistory.info/pages-army-today/rar-sasr/army-aviation.htm|website=Unofficial history of the Australian & New Zealand Armed Services|publisher=Lt Colonel A Argent AAAvnC (Ret), Colonel R Harding AAAvnC (Ret) and Brigadier Brian H Cooper AAAvnC (Ret) with the assistance of the Head of the Aviation Corps, Brigadier Robert Walford|accessdate=4 August 2016}}</ref>
The squadron served in several [[East Timor]] operations including [[International Force for East Timor|INTERFET]], [[United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor|UNTAET]], [[United Nations Mission of Support to East Timor|UNMISET]] and [[Operation Astute]].<ref name="1st history"/><ref name="museum">{{cite web|title=Army aviation in Australia 1970–2015 |url=http://www.army.gov.au/~/media/Files/Our%20work/Community%20engagement/2015_02_AHQ_ArmyAviation_Factsheet.pdf |website=Australian Army |publisher=Australian Army Flying Museum |accessdate=4 August 2016 |date=24 February 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161008154311/http://www.army.gov.au/~/media/Files/Our%20work/Community%20engagement/2015_02_AHQ_ArmyAviation_Factsheet.pdf |archive-date=8 October 2016 }}</ref> A squadron King Air was the first ADF aircraft to land in [[Dili, East Timor|Dili]] ahead of the [[INTERFET]] peace-keeping taskforce in 1999.<ref name="Corps">{{cite web|title=History of Australian Army Aviation|url=http://www.diggerhistory.info/pages-army-today/rar-sasr/army-aviation.htm|website=Unofficial history of the Australian & New Zealand Armed Services|publisher=Lt Colonel A Argent AAAvnC (Ret), Colonel R Harding AAAvnC (Ret) and Brigadier Brian H Cooper AAAvnC (Ret) with the assistance of the Head of the Aviation Corps, Brigadier Robert Walford|accessdate=4 August 2016}}</ref>


By 2004, the remaining Twin Otter aircraft based in Darwin had been withdrawn from service, while the King Air B200 was replaced by the more modern King Air B350 variant leased from Hawker Pacific.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Jamieson |first1=Cpl Cameron |title=Fit for a king – Handover of Army's first modified new surveillance aircraft |url=http://www.defence.gov.au/news/armynews/editions/1134/topstories/story18.htm |work=Army: The Soldiers' Newspaper |edition=1134 |publisher=Department of Defence |location=Canberra, Australia |date=1 December 2005 |issn=0729-5685 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110404165030/http://www.defence.gov.au/news/armynews/editions/1134/topstories/story18.htm |archivedate=2011-04-04 |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=173 heads back to Queensland |url=http://www.defence.gov.au/news/armynews/editions/1113/topstories/story07.htm |work=Army: The Soldiers' Newspaper |edition=1113 |date=10 February 2005 |publisher=Department of Defence |location=Canberra, Australia |issn=0729-5685 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110322034753/http://www.defence.gov.au/news/armynews/editions/1113/topstories/story07.htm |archivedate=2011-03-22 |df= }}</ref> Restructuring of Army's aviation capability saw the Squadron separated from 1st Aviation Regiment and placed under the command of [[16th Aviation Brigade (Australia)|16th Aviation Brigade]] as an independent unit.<ref>{{cite web|title=1st Aviation Regiment|url=http://www.army.gov.au/Our-people/Units/Forces-Command/16th-Aviation-Brigade/1st-Aviation-Regiment|website=Australian Army|publisher=8 March 2012|accessdate=4 August 2016}}</ref>
By 2004, the remaining Twin Otter aircraft based in Darwin had been withdrawn from service, while the King Air B200 was replaced by the more modern King Air B350 variant leased from Hawker Pacific.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Jamieson |first1=Cpl Cameron |title=Fit for a king – Handover of Army's first modified new surveillance aircraft |url=http://www.defence.gov.au/news/armynews/editions/1134/topstories/story18.htm |work=Army: The Soldiers' Newspaper |edition=1134 |publisher=Department of Defence |location=Canberra, Australia |date=1 December 2005 |issn=0729-5685 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110404165030/http://www.defence.gov.au/news/armynews/editions/1134/topstories/story18.htm |archive-date=2011-04-04 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=173 heads back to Queensland |url=http://www.defence.gov.au/news/armynews/editions/1113/topstories/story07.htm |work=Army: The Soldiers' Newspaper |edition=1113 |date=10 February 2005 |publisher=Department of Defence |location=Canberra, Australia |issn=0729-5685 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110322034753/http://www.defence.gov.au/news/armynews/editions/1113/topstories/story07.htm |archive-date=2011-03-22 }}</ref> Restructuring of Army's aviation capability saw the squadron separated from 1st Aviation Regiment and placed under the command of [[16th Aviation Brigade (Australia)|16th Aviation Brigade]] as an independent unit.<ref>{{cite web|title=1st Aviation Regiment|url=http://www.army.gov.au/Our-people/Units/Forces-Command/16th-Aviation-Brigade/1st-Aviation-Regiment|website=Australian Army|publisher=8 March 2012|access-date=4 August 2016|archive-date=8 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150608124339/http://www.army.gov.au/Our-people/Units/Forces-Command/16th-Aviation-Brigade/1st-Aviation-Regiment|url-status=dead}}</ref>


By 2007, further re-organisation assigned all fixed-wing military aircraft to the RAAF and the Squadron was to relocate to Sydney as a helicopter training and surveillance squadron under the newly raised 6th Aviation Regiment. In March 2008, the Squadron became part of the 6th Aviation Regiment.<ref name="6th" /> On 20 November 2009, the Squadron handed the King Air over to the RAAF.<ref name="King Air">{{cite news|newspaper=Army: The Soldiers' Newspaper|title=Fixed Wings Freed |date=10 December 2009|page=6 |last=Hamilton |first=Eamon |publisher=Department of Defence |location=Canberra, Australia |url=http://www.defence.gov.au/news/armynews/editions/1227/1227.pdf|edition=1227|accessdate=19 March 2012|issn=0729-5685}}</ref>
By 2007, further re-organisation assigned all fixed-wing military aircraft to the RAAF and the squadron was to relocate to Sydney as a helicopter training and surveillance squadron under the newly raised 6th Aviation Regiment. In March 2008, the squadron became part of the 6th Aviation Regiment.<ref name="6th" /> On 20 November 2009, the squadron handed the King Air over to the RAAF.<ref name="King Air">{{cite news|newspaper=Army: The Soldiers' Newspaper|title=Fixed Wings Freed |date=10 December 2009|page=6 |last=Hamilton |first=Eamon |publisher=Department of Defence |location=Canberra, Australia |url=http://www.defence.gov.au/news/armynews/editions/1227/1227.pdf|edition=1227|accessdate=19 March 2012|issn=0729-5685 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110602163343/http://www.defence.gov.au/news/armynews/editions/1227/1227.pdf |archive-date=2 June 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>


On 11 February 2010, the Squadron was re-designated as the "173rd Aviation Squadron" converting to rotary aircraft based with the [[171st Aviation Squadron (Australia)|171st Aviation Squadron]] at the recently redeveloped Luscombe Army Airfield operating a fleet of [[Bell 206|Bell 206B-1]] Kiowa helicopters.<ref name="King Air" /><ref name="Rerole">{{cite news|last1=Brooke|first1=Michael|title=Team effort raises sqn|url=http://www.defence.gov.au/Publications/NewsPapers/Army/editions/1231/1231.pdf|accessdate=4 August 2016|work=Army: The Soldiers' Newspaper|edition=1231|date=18 March 2010|publisher=Department of Defence |location=Canberra, Australia|issn=0729-5685
On 11 February 2010, the squadron was renamed as the "173rd Aviation Squadron" and converted to rotary aircraft operating a fleet of [[Bell 206|Bell 206B-1]] Kiowa helicopters. The squadron moved to the recently redeveloped Luscombe Army Airfield where [[171st Special Operations Aviation Squadron|171st Aviation Squadron]] was based.<ref name="King Air" /><ref name="Rerole">{{cite news|last1=Brooke|first1=Michael|title=Team effort raises sqn|url=http://www.defence.gov.au/Publications/NewsPapers/Army/editions/1231/1231.pdf|accessdate=4 August 2016|work=Army: The Soldiers' Newspaper|edition=1231|date=18 March 2010|publisher=Department of Defence |location=Canberra, Australia|issn=0729-5685 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210818154006/https://www.defence.gov.au/Publications/NewsPapers/Army/editions/1231/1231.pdf |archive-date=18 August 2021 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The Kiowas were operated to provide training for graduate pilots unable to undertake operational conversions to the delayed [[NHIndustries NH90|MRH 90 Taipan]] and [[Eurocopter Tiger|Tiger ARH]] helicopters.<ref name="museum" /> The Kiowa had been retired on 26 October 2009 from the 1st Aviation Regiment.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Ashby-Cliffe|first1=Cpl Jane|title=Kiowas' final salute|url=http://www.defence.gov.au/Publications/NewsPapers/Army/editions/1225/1225.pdf|accessdate=1 August 2016|work=Army: The Soldiers' Newspaper|edition=1225|date=12 November 2009|publisher=Department of Defence |location=Canberra, Australia|issn=0729-5685|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160825174751/http://www.defence.gov.au/Publications/NewsPapers/Army/editions/1225/1225.pdf |archive-date=25 August 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
}}</ref> The Kiowas were operated to provide training for graduate pilots unable to undertake operational conversions to the delayed [[NHIndustries NH90|MRH 90 Taipan]] and [[Eurocopter Tiger|Tiger ARH]] helicopters.<ref name="museum" /> The Kiowa had been retired on 26 October 2009 from the 1st Aviation Regiment.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Ashby-Cliffe|first1=Cpl Jane|title=Kiowas' final salute|url=http://www.defence.gov.au/Publications/NewsPapers/Army/editions/1225/1225.pdf|accessdate=1 August 2016|work=Army: The Soldiers' Newspaper|edition=1225|date=12 November 2009|publisher=Department of Defence |location=Canberra, Australia|issn=0729-5685}}</ref>


In 2013, the Squadron transitioned to the [[Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk|Black Hawk]] helicopter with the role of providing support to the Special Operations Command and returned the Kiowa to the [[Oakey Army Aviation Centre|Army Aviation Training Centre]] at Oakley.<ref name="museum" />
In 2013, the squadron transitioned to the S-70A-9 [[Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk|Black Hawk]] helicopter with the role of providing support to the Special Operations Command and returned the Kiowa to the [[Oakey Army Aviation Centre|Army Aviation Training Centre]] at Oakey.<ref name="museum" />

The squadron has been renamed the "173rd Special Operations Aviation Squadron"; it has had a new name from at least 2017.<ref>{{cite journal |title=6th Aviation Regiment |journal=Craftsman: The Corps of Royal Australian Electrical and Mechanical Engineers |date=2017 |issue=68 |page=67 |url=https://cfn.raeme.org.au/Craftsman/RAEME%20CRAFTSMAN%20Issue%2068.pdf |access-date=14 October 2023 |publisher=Walsh Media Services |issn=0156-6318}}</ref>

In February 2019, the squadron commenced transitioning from the retiring S-70A-9 Black Hawk helicopters to the MRH90 Taipan helicopters with the transition completed in December 2021.<ref name="Janes2019">{{cite news |last1=Jennings |first1=Gareth |title=Australia begins SOF helo transition from Black Hawk to MRH90 |url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/australia-begins-sof-helo-transition-from-black-hawk-to-mrh90 |access-date=17 December 2020 |work=Janes |date=6 February 2019}}</ref><ref name="ANAO2020">{{cite book |author1=Australian National Audit Office |title=2019–20 Major Projects Report - Department of Defence |date=2020 |publisher=The Auditor-General |location=Canberra |isbn=9781760336066|url=https://www.anao.gov.au/sites/default/files/Auditor-General_Report_2020-2021_19_PDSS_Multi-Role_Helicopter.pdf |access-date=18 December 2020|series=ANAO Report No.19 2020–21 |chapter=Multi-Role Helicopter Project Data Summary Sheet}}</ref><ref name="ADBR21">{{cite news |last1=McLaughlin |first1=Andrew |title=With a new Black Hawk on the way, the original is retired |url=https://adbr.com.au/with-a-new-black-hawk-on-the-way-the-original-is-retired/ |access-date=11 January 2022 |work=Australian Defence Business Review |date=10 December 2021}}</ref> In January 2023, the Army announced the MRH90 would be replaced by the UH-60M Black Hawk.<ref>{{cite press release |title=Black Hawk helicopters for Defence |url=https://www.defence.gov.au/news-events/releases/2023-01-18/black-hawk-helicopters-defence |website=Department of Defence |access-date=11 July 2023 |date=18 January 2023}}</ref> In July 2023, a MRH90 fatally crashed while the squadron was participating in exercise Talisman Sabre near [[Lindeman Island]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Banville |first1=Kate |title=EXCLUSIVE: Chopper crash victims identified as recovery mission continues |url=https://countrycaller.com.au/2023/07/30/exclusive-chopper-crash-victims-identified-as-recovery-mission-continues/ |access-date=14 October 2023 |work=Country Caller |date=30 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Exercise Talisman Sabre incident |url=https://www.defence.gov.au/news-events/news/2023-08-01/exercise-talisman-sabre-incident |website=Department of Defence |access-date=14 October 2023 |date=1 August 2023}}</ref> In September 2023, the MRH90 fleet was retired earlier than planned following the fatal crash.<ref name="MRH90retired">{{cite press release |author1=Minister for Defence Richard Marles |author2=Minister for Defence Industry Pat Conroy |title=Army helicopter fleet update |url=https://www.minister.defence.gov.au/media-releases/2023-09-29/army-helicopter-fleet-update |website=Department of Defence Ministers |access-date=14 October 2023 |date=29 September 2023}}</ref> In August 2023, the Army began receiving deliveries of UH-90Ms.<ref name="MRH90retired"/><ref name="ADMAug23">{{cite news |last1=Blenkin |first1=Max |title=First Army UH-60M Black Hawks arrive in Australia |url=https://www.australiandefence.com.au/defence/land/first-army-uh-60m-black-hawks-arrive-in-australia |access-date=14 October 2023 |work=Australian Defence Magazine |date=7 August 2023}}</ref>


==Notes==
==Notes==
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{notelist}}


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
⚫
* {{cite book|last=Eather |first=Steve |year=1995 |title=Flying Squadrons of the Australian Defence Force |publisher=Aerospace Publications |location=Weston Creek, Australian Capital Territory |isbn=1-875671-15-3 |ref=harv}}

==Bibliography==
⚫
* {{cite book|last=Eather |first=Steve |year=1995 |title=Flying Squadrons of the Australian Defence Force |publisher=Aerospace Publications |location=Weston Creek, Australian Capital Territory |isbn=1-875671-15-3 }}


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category|173rd Aviation Squadron (Australia)}}
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.adf-serials.com.au/bandeirante.htm Bandeirante] – ADF-Serials
* [http://www.adf-serials.com.au/bandeirante.htm Bandeirante] – ADF-Serials
* [http://www.adf-serials.com.au/twinotter.htm Twin Otter] – ADF-Serials
* [http://www.adf-serials.com.au/twinotter.htm Twin Otter] – ADF-Serials

Latest revision as of 21:33, 7 November 2023

173rd Special Operations Aviation Squadron
Active1974–present
CountryAustralia
BranchAustralian Army
TypeTraining
RoleSpecial operations aviation
SizeOne squadron
Part of6th Aviation Regiment
Garrison/HQHolsworthy Barracks
Aircraft flown
HelicopterUH-60M Black Hawk[a]

The 173rd Special Operations Aviation Squadron (173 SOAS) is an Australian Army helicopter training squadron that provides support to the Special Operations Command. The squadron is being equipped with UH-60M Black Hawk helicopters.[a] The squadron is based at Luscombe Airfield, Holsworthy Barracks, Sydney and forms part of the 6th Aviation Regiment.[3][4]

The squadron originally operated fixed-wing aircraft designated as the 173rd General Support Squadron and was later renamed the 173rd Surveillance Squadron. In 2010, the squadron was renamed the 173rd Aviation Squadron when it transitioned to rotary aircraft and was later renamed the 173rd Special Operations Aviation Squadron.

History

[edit]

On 17 February 1974, the 173rd General Support Squadron was formed as part of the 1st Aviation Regiment based at Oakey and initially operated 6 Pilatus PC-6 Porters. In 1978, the squadron also received 11 GAF Nomad aircraft.[5] During this time, the squadron undertook a variety of Army co-operation roles utilising the short take-off and landing characteristics of its aircraft. These included: artillery spotting, troop transport, field resupply, medevac, ground-air liaison. It was also used for survey work in the South Pacific and flood relief in Australia.[6] In 1978, the squadron was involved in Operation Cenderawasih a mapping program in Irian Jaya in Indonesia with the Indonesian Army.[7]

With the retirement of the Porters in October 1992,[8][9] the following year the squadron adopted the title of "173rd Surveillance Squadron" under this guise it undertook the aerial surveillance and survey roles and was also used as a vehicle to deliver parachute troops. In 1993, it acquired 12 more Nomads, mainly unsold civilian variants which had been kept in storage, to replace the Porters.

A King Air B350 at Kingsford Smith International Airport in 2006

In August 1995, following the fatal crashes involving Nomads from the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) and the School of Army Aviation, the aircraft were withdrawn from service.[8][9] Most of the Nomad fleet was sold to the Indonesian Navy but two were retained as unflyable training aids.[10]

As a consequence, the squadron operated 4 Embraer EMB 110P1 Bandeirante aircraft leased from Flight West Airlines temporarily while a replacement for the Nomad was found.[9][11] From 1996, these aircraft were replaced with 3 Beechcraft King Air B200 aircraft leased from Hawker Pacific to be based at Oakley and 3 de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter 320 aircraft leased from Hawker Pacific to be based in Darwin.[8][9][12] On 9 November 1997, Twin Otter VH-HPY was lost in a tropical mountainous training accident in Papua New Guinea, resulting in serious injuries to the three trainees and instructor onboard.[12]

The squadron served in several East Timor operations including INTERFET, UNTAET, UNMISET and Operation Astute.[7][13] A squadron King Air was the first ADF aircraft to land in Dili ahead of the INTERFET peace-keeping taskforce in 1999.[9]

By 2004, the remaining Twin Otter aircraft based in Darwin had been withdrawn from service, while the King Air B200 was replaced by the more modern King Air B350 variant leased from Hawker Pacific.[14][15] Restructuring of Army's aviation capability saw the squadron separated from 1st Aviation Regiment and placed under the command of 16th Aviation Brigade as an independent unit.[16]

By 2007, further re-organisation assigned all fixed-wing military aircraft to the RAAF and the squadron was to relocate to Sydney as a helicopter training and surveillance squadron under the newly raised 6th Aviation Regiment. In March 2008, the squadron became part of the 6th Aviation Regiment.[3] On 20 November 2009, the squadron handed the King Air over to the RAAF.[17]

On 11 February 2010, the squadron was renamed as the "173rd Aviation Squadron" and converted to rotary aircraft operating a fleet of Bell 206B-1 Kiowa helicopters. The squadron moved to the recently redeveloped Luscombe Army Airfield where 171st Aviation Squadron was based.[17][18] The Kiowas were operated to provide training for graduate pilots unable to undertake operational conversions to the delayed MRH 90 Taipan and Tiger ARH helicopters.[13] The Kiowa had been retired on 26 October 2009 from the 1st Aviation Regiment.[19]

In 2013, the squadron transitioned to the S-70A-9 Black Hawk helicopter with the role of providing support to the Special Operations Command and returned the Kiowa to the Army Aviation Training Centre at Oakey.[13]

The squadron has been renamed the "173rd Special Operations Aviation Squadron"; it has had a new name from at least 2017.[20]

In February 2019, the squadron commenced transitioning from the retiring S-70A-9 Black Hawk helicopters to the MRH90 Taipan helicopters with the transition completed in December 2021.[21][22][23] In January 2023, the Army announced the MRH90 would be replaced by the UH-60M Black Hawk.[24] In July 2023, a MRH90 fatally crashed while the squadron was participating in exercise Talisman Sabre near Lindeman Island.[25][26] In September 2023, the MRH90 fleet was retired earlier than planned following the fatal crash.[2] In August 2023, the Army began receiving deliveries of UH-90Ms.[2][1]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b The Army received the first three UH-60Ms in August 2023 from an order of 40 UH-60Ms.[1][2]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Blenkin, Max (7 August 2023). "First Army UH-60M Black Hawks arrive in Australia". Australian Defence Magazine. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
  2. ^ a b c Minister for Defence Richard Marles; Minister for Defence Industry Pat Conroy (29 September 2023). "Army helicopter fleet update". Department of Defence Ministers (Press release). Retrieved 14 October 2023.
  3. ^ a b "6th Aviation Regiment". Australian Army. Archived from the original on 12 September 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  4. ^ Pittaway, Nigel (February 2018). "Vigilance". AirForces Monthly. No. 359. Key Publishing. p. 68. ISSN 0955-7091. Retrieved 10 January 2022.
  5. ^ Eather 1995, p. 150.
  6. ^ Eather 1995, pp. 150–151.
  7. ^ a b "1st Aviation Regiment". The Australian Army Aviation Association. Archived from the original on 22 August 2009.
  8. ^ a b c "1st Aviation Regiment". The Australian Army Aviation Association. Archived from the original on 7 December 2002.
  9. ^ a b c d e "History of Australian Army Aviation". Unofficial history of the Australian & New Zealand Armed Services. Lt Colonel A Argent AAAvnC (Ret), Colonel R Harding AAAvnC (Ret) and Brigadier Brian H Cooper AAAvnC (Ret) with the assistance of the Head of the Aviation Corps, Brigadier Robert Walford. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  10. ^ Crick, D; Avery, L (17 March 2016). "Army & RAAF A18 Government Aircraft Factory N22 & N24A Nomad". adf-serials.com.au.
  11. ^ Eather 1995, p. 151.
  12. ^ a b "Investigation Report 9703719" (PDF). Bureau of Air Safety Investigation. June 1999.
  13. ^ a b c "Army aviation in Australia 1970–2015" (PDF). Australian Army. Australian Army Flying Museum. 24 February 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 October 2016. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  14. ^ Jamieson, Cpl Cameron (1 December 2005). "Fit for a king – Handover of Army's first modified new surveillance aircraft". Army: The Soldiers' Newspaper (1134 ed.). Canberra, Australia: Department of Defence. ISSN 0729-5685. Archived from the original on 4 April 2011.
  15. ^ "173 heads back to Queensland". Army: The Soldiers' Newspaper (1113 ed.). Canberra, Australia: Department of Defence. 10 February 2005. ISSN 0729-5685. Archived from the original on 22 March 2011.
  16. ^ "1st Aviation Regiment". Australian Army. 8 March 2012. Archived from the original on 8 June 2015. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  17. ^ a b Hamilton, Eamon (10 December 2009). "Fixed Wings Freed" (PDF). Army: The Soldiers' Newspaper (1227 ed.). Canberra, Australia: Department of Defence. p. 6. ISSN 0729-5685. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 June 2011. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
  18. ^ Brooke, Michael (18 March 2010). "Team effort raises sqn" (PDF). Army: The Soldiers' Newspaper (1231 ed.). Canberra, Australia: Department of Defence. ISSN 0729-5685. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 August 2021. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  19. ^ Ashby-Cliffe, Cpl Jane (12 November 2009). "Kiowas' final salute" (PDF). Army: The Soldiers' Newspaper (1225 ed.). Canberra, Australia: Department of Defence. ISSN 0729-5685. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 August 2016. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  20. ^ "6th Aviation Regiment" (PDF). Craftsman: The Corps of Royal Australian Electrical and Mechanical Engineers (68). Walsh Media Services: 67. 2017. ISSN 0156-6318. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
  21. ^ Jennings, Gareth (6 February 2019). "Australia begins SOF helo transition from Black Hawk to MRH90". Janes. Retrieved 17 December 2020.
  22. ^ Australian National Audit Office (2020). "Multi-Role Helicopter Project Data Summary Sheet". 2019–20 Major Projects Report - Department of Defence (PDF). ANAO Report No.19 2020–21. Canberra: The Auditor-General. ISBN 9781760336066. Retrieved 18 December 2020.
  23. ^ McLaughlin, Andrew (10 December 2021). "With a new Black Hawk on the way, the original is retired". Australian Defence Business Review. Retrieved 11 January 2022.
  24. ^ "Black Hawk helicopters for Defence". Department of Defence (Press release). 18 January 2023. Retrieved 11 July 2023.
  25. ^ Banville, Kate (30 July 2023). "EXCLUSIVE: Chopper crash victims identified as recovery mission continues". Country Caller. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
  26. ^ "Exercise Talisman Sabre incident". Department of Defence. 1 August 2023. Retrieved 14 October 2023.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Eather, Steve (1995). Flying Squadrons of the Australian Defence Force. Weston Creek, Australian Capital Territory: Aerospace Publications. ISBN 1-875671-15-3.
[edit]
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