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{{Short description|Species of orchid}}
{{taxobox
{{Speciesbox
⚫
|name = ''Ambrella''
| image = Ambrella longituba H.Perrier 437301001.jpg
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
| image_caption = [[Type (biology)|type specimen]] of ''Ambrella longituba''
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
⚫
| image2 = Ambrella longituba H.Perrier.jpg
|unranked_classis = [[Monocots]]
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| image2_caption = ''Ambrella longituba'' in cultivation
|ordo = [[Asparagales]]
| display_parents = 3
|familia = [[Orchidaceae]]
⚫
| genus = Ambrella
|subfamilia = [[Epidendroideae]]
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| parent_authority = [[Joseph Marie Henry Alfred Perrier de la Bâthie|H.Perrier]]
|tribus = [[Vandeae]]
| species = longituba
⚫
|subtribus = [[Angraecinae]]
| authority = H.Perrier
|alliance = Angraecum
| range_map = Locator map of Madagascar in Africa.svg
|genus = '''''Ambrella'''''
| range_map2 = Rivers of North Madagascar OSM.png
⚫
|genus_authority = [[Joseph Marie Henry Alfred Perrier de la Bâthie|H. Perrier]]
| range_map2_caption = Approximate distribution of ''Ambrella longituba'' in North Madagascar
|subdivision_ranks = Species
⚫
}}
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|subdivision = * ''[[Ambrella longituba]]''


⚫
'''''Ambrella''''' is a [[monotypic taxon|monotypic]] [[genus]] in the [[orchid]] family.<ref name = "De La Bathie">De La Bathie, H. P. (1934). [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00378941.1934.10834012 "Ambrella, genre nouveau d'Orchidées (Angraecoïdées) de Madagascar."] Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France, 81(4), 655-657.</ref> The single [[species]], '''''Ambrella longituba''''' is [[endemic]] to [[Madagascar]].<ref>[http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=7876 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families]</ref> The type specimen was collected and described by [[Joseph Marie Henry Alfred Perrier de la Bâthie]] in 1934.<ref>Stewart, Joyce; Hermans, Johan; and Campbell, Bob Ian Martin. "Angraecoid orchids: species from the African region". Timber Press, Inc. (2006). p. 156-157.</ref>
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|}}


== Description ==
⚫
'''''Ambrella''''', is a [[monotypic taxon|monotypic]] [[genus]] in the [[orchid]] family. The single [[species]], ''[[Ambrella longituba|A. longituba]]'' is native to Madagascar. It is known only from the type specimen collected and described by [[Joseph Marie Henry Alfred Perrier de la Bâthie]] in 1934.<ref>Stewart, Joyce; Hermans, Johan; and Campbell, Bob Ian Martin. "Angraecoid orchids: species from the African region". Timber Press, Inc. (2006). p. 156-157.</ref>
The plants are relatively small, epiphytic orchids. The flowers are big in relation to the size of the plants. The sepals are free and resemble the petals. The unusual, 45&nbsp;mm long, spurred labellum is tubulate and encloses the [[Column (botany)|column]]. The inner surface of the tube is covered with [[trichome]]s.<ref name = "De La Bathie" />


== Ecology ==
This species is native to the semi-dry forests of the Northern tip of Madagascar at altitudes of 800 m above sea level. It has been found growing on branches of ''[[Viguieranthus alternans]]'' <small>(Benth.) Villiers</small> (syn. ''Calliandra alternans'' <small>Benth.</small><ref>{{cite POWO |id=20004630-1 |title=''Viguieranthus alternans'' (Benth.) Villiers |access-date=20 October 2022}}</ref>),<ref name = "BIOTOPE">Lecoufle, M., & Bosser, J. (2011). [https://books.google.com/books?id=pQMUCwAAQBAJ&dq=%22Ambrella+longituba%22&pg=PT2 "Les Orchidées de Madagascar: Orchids of Madagascar."] BIOTOPE.</ref><ref name = "OUP Oxford"/> which is the preferred [[phorophyte]] of ''Ambrella longituba''.<ref>Rasmussen, H. N., & Rasmussen, F. N. (2018). [https://academic.oup.com/botlinnean/article-pdf/186/4/456/24498999/box085.pdf "The epiphytic habitat on a living host: reflections on the orchid–tree relationship."] Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 186(4), 456-472.</ref> Its pollinators are corrently unknown.<ref name = "OUP Oxford">Pridgeon, A. M., Cribb, P. J., Chase, M. W., & Rasmussen, F. N. (Eds.). (2014). [https://books.google.com/books?id=Yl3wAgAAQBAJ&dq=%22Ambrella+longituba%22&pg=PP1 "Genera Orchidacearum Volume 6: Epidendroideae (Part 3)."] OUP Oxford.</ref> However, H. Perrier De La Bathie speculates the narrow tube of the labellum only allows a few very special insects to fertilise the flowers, and he states this explains the rarity of the species.<ref name = "De La Bathie" /> Flowering occurs in November.<ref>Leth, C. (n.d.). ''Ambrella longituba'' H.Perrier. African Orchids. Retrieved October 21, 2022, from http://www.africanorchids.dk/359-ambrella/375-ambrella-longituba</ref>


==References==
== Conservation ==
This species is rare.<ref name = "De La Bathie" /> There are five known records of occurrence dating from 1932 to 1995.<ref>Ambrella longituba H.Perrier. (n.d.). GBIF | Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved October 21, 2022, from https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?taxon_key=2784212</ref> One record was collected from within the [[Montagne d'Ambre National Park|Parc national de la Montagne d'Ambre]] and another was collected in close proximity of the [[Amber Forest Reserve|Réserve spéciale de la Forêt d'Ambre]]. It is protected under the [[CITES#Appendix II|CITES appendix II]].<ref>Ambrella longituba H. Perrier - Encyclopedia of Life. (n.d.). Retrieved October 21, 2022, from https://eol.org/pages/1113380</ref>
{{reflist}}


== Etymology ==
⚫
[[Category:Orchid genera]]
The specific epithet ''longituba'' is composed of ''longi-'' meaning long<ref>longi-. (n.d.) Random House Kernerman Webster’s College Dictionary. (2010). Retrieved October 21, 2022 from https://www.thefreedictionary.com/longi-</ref> and ''-tuba'' meaning trumpet.<ref>tuba. (n.d.) American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. (2011). Retrieved October 21, 2022 from https://www.thefreedictionary.com/tuba</ref> It refers to the long tube-shaped labellum of the flowers.
[[Category:Angraecinae]]


== Cultivation ==
{{Vandeae-stub}}
It is uncommon in cultivation.<ref name = "OUP Oxford"/>


== References ==
⚫
[[de:Ambrella longituba]]
{{Reflist}}
[[es:Ambrella]]

[[mhr:Амбрелла (кушкыл)]]
== External links ==
[[pt:Ambrella]]

[[vi:Ambrella (orchid)]]
*{{Wikispecies-inline|Ambrella|''Ambrella''}}

{{Taxonbar|from1=Q20799|from2=Q9385182}}

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[[Category:Angraecinae]]
[[Category:Orchids of Madagascar]]
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[[Category:Monotypic Epidendroideae genera]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1934]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Joseph Marie Henry Alfred Perrier de la Bâthie]]

Latest revision as of 01:22, 9 November 2023

Ambrella longituba
type specimen of Ambrella longituba
Ambrella longituba in cultivation
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Tribe: Vandeae
Subtribe: Angraecinae
Genus: Ambrella
H.Perrier
Species:
A. longituba
Binomial name
Ambrella longituba
H.Perrier
Approximate distribution of Ambrella longituba in North Madagascar

Ambrella is a monotypic genus in the orchid family.[1] The single species, Ambrella longituba is endemic to Madagascar.[2] The type specimen was collected and described by Joseph Marie Henry Alfred Perrier de la Bâthie in 1934.[3]

Description

[edit]

The plants are relatively small, epiphytic orchids. The flowers are big in relation to the size of the plants. The sepals are free and resemble the petals. The unusual, 45 mm long, spurred labellum is tubulate and encloses the column. The inner surface of the tube is covered with trichomes.[1]

Ecology

[edit]

This species is native to the semi-dry forests of the Northern tip of Madagascar at altitudes of 800 m above sea level. It has been found growing on branches of Viguieranthus alternans (Benth.) Villiers (syn. Calliandra alternans Benth.[4]),[5][6] which is the preferred phorophyte of Ambrella longituba.[7] Its pollinators are corrently unknown.[6] However, H. Perrier De La Bathie speculates the narrow tube of the labellum only allows a few very special insects to fertilise the flowers, and he states this explains the rarity of the species.[1] Flowering occurs in November.[8]

Conservation

[edit]

This species is rare.[1] There are five known records of occurrence dating from 1932 to 1995.[9] One record was collected from within the Parc national de la Montagne d'Ambre and another was collected in close proximity of the Réserve spéciale de la Forêt d'Ambre. It is protected under the CITES appendix II.[10]

Etymology

[edit]

The specific epithet longituba is composed of longi- meaning long[11] and -tuba meaning trumpet.[12] It refers to the long tube-shaped labellum of the flowers.

Cultivation

[edit]

It is uncommon in cultivation.[6]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d De La Bathie, H. P. (1934). "Ambrella, genre nouveau d'Orchidées (Angraecoïdées) de Madagascar." Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France, 81(4), 655-657.
  2. ^ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  3. ^ Stewart, Joyce; Hermans, Johan; and Campbell, Bob Ian Martin. "Angraecoid orchids: species from the African region". Timber Press, Inc. (2006). p. 156-157.
  4. ^ "Viguieranthus alternans (Benth.) Villiers". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
  5. ^ Lecoufle, M., & Bosser, J. (2011). "Les Orchidées de Madagascar: Orchids of Madagascar." BIOTOPE.
  6. ^ a b c Pridgeon, A. M., Cribb, P. J., Chase, M. W., & Rasmussen, F. N. (Eds.). (2014). "Genera Orchidacearum Volume 6: Epidendroideae (Part 3)." OUP Oxford.
  7. ^ Rasmussen, H. N., & Rasmussen, F. N. (2018). "The epiphytic habitat on a living host: reflections on the orchid–tree relationship." Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 186(4), 456-472.
  8. ^ Leth, C. (n.d.). Ambrella longituba H.Perrier. African Orchids. Retrieved October 21, 2022, from http://www.africanorchids.dk/359-ambrella/375-ambrella-longituba
  9. ^ Ambrella longituba H.Perrier. (n.d.). GBIF | Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved October 21, 2022, from https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/search?taxon_key=2784212
  10. ^ Ambrella longituba H. Perrier - Encyclopedia of Life. (n.d.). Retrieved October 21, 2022, from https://eol.org/pages/1113380
  11. ^ longi-. (n.d.) Random House Kernerman Webster’s College Dictionary. (2010). Retrieved October 21, 2022 from https://www.thefreedictionary.com/longi-
  12. ^ tuba. (n.d.) American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. (2011). Retrieved October 21, 2022 from https://www.thefreedictionary.com/tuba
[edit]
  • Data related to Ambrella at Wikispecies
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