Howard Jenkins Jr.: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|American lawyer (1915–2003)}} |
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{{multiple issues| |
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{{dead end|date=January 2015}} |
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{{distinguish|Howard Jenkins}}{{Infobox officeholder |
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{{one source|date=January 2015}} |
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| order = Member of the [[National Labor Relations Board]] |
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{{orphan|date=January 2015}} |
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| birth_date = {{birth date|1915|6|16}} |
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| birth_place = [[Denver, Colorado]], U.S. |
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| death_date = {{death date and age|2003|6|3|1915|6|16}} |
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| alma_mater = [[University of Denver]]<br>[[University of Colorado Boulder]] |
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| spouse = {{marriage|Alice Elaine Brown|1940|1999|end=died}} |
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| children = 3 |
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| president = [[John F. Kennedy]] |
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| term_start = August 28, 1963 |
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| term_end = August 27, 1983 |
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| image = 2019-hall-of-honor-jenkins.png |
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| party = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Howard Jenkins Jr.''' (June 16, 1915 – June 3, 2003)<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|last=Levy|first=Claudia|date=7 June 2003|title=Howard Jenkins Jr., 87, Dies|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/2003/06/07/howard-jenkins-jr-87-dies/17b64a5f-a12d-4247-ae4f-1590220666db/|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=6 September 2020|newspaper=Washington Post}}</ref> was an American [[lawyer]], professor of law, and [[civil servant]]. Appointed by President [[John F. Kennedy]], he was the first [[African Americans|African American]] to serve on the [[National Labor Relations Board]] where he served for 20 years under six presidents. Following the passage of the [[Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959|Landrum-Griffin Act]], Jenkins served as the Assistant Commissioner of the Bureau of Labor Management Reports where he was the highest-ranking African American lawyer working in the federal government. |
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'''Howard Jenkins, Jr.''' was born on June 16, 1915 in Denver, Colorado, the third child of Howard and Nellie Jenkins. He graduated from the University of Denver in 1936 and from the University's College of Law in 1941. Although he was not the first African American to practice law in Colorado, he was the first African-American to pass the Colorado Bar Examination. In 1940 he married Alice Elaine Brown, the daughter of a prominent African-American minister. She graduated from the University of Denver in 1937 and was the first African-American to teach in the Denver public schools. Howard Jenkins, Jr. died in 2003 and was survived by his wife and two sons and a daughter. __Howard Jenkins became interested in law when he accompanied his best friend to watch his friend's father, Sam Cary, try court cases. Sam Cary was one of the first African-American lawyers in Denver. Jenkins practiced law in Denver until 1946, first in private practice, then in the Denver Office of Price Administration with Edward E. Pringle and Max Melville, then at the Denver War Production Board with James C. Flanigan and Edward Scheunemann. In 1943 Jenkins was appointed Regional Attorney for the National War Labor Board, and in 1945 its Chief Regional Enforcement Officer. Jenkins then went to work in Washington, D.C. for William Willard Wirtz on the National Wage Stabilization Board, and joined the faculty at Howard University School of Law. As a law professor he helped prepare briefs for the U.S. Supreme Court to desegregate the railroads and the public schools, including the landmark case of Brown v. Board of Education. In 1956, Jenkins became the special assistant to the Solicitor of Labor. While special assistant, he was intimately involved in drafting and passing the ''Landrum-Griffin'' Labor Reform Act, known as the ''Employees' Bill of Rights.'' In 1959, Jenkins was named Director of the Office of Regulations at the Bureau of Labor-Management Reports. In 1962, he was named Assistant Commissioner of the Bureau and became the highest-ranking African-American attorney in the federal government. In 1963, Jenkins became the first African-American to be appointed to the U.S. National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) when nominated by President John F. Kennedy. Jenkins was reappointed by three subsequent presidents and served on the NLRB for 20 years. Howard Jenkins, Jr. had a substantial impact on labor law during his years of service. His mission was ''to help them discover blacks in the industrial work force, and to get it firmly fixed in our national labor policy that discrimination on the basis of race or sex is an unfair labor practice.'' He wrote the majority opinion in the 1964 watershed case Hughes Tool Co. II, which created unions' duty of fair representation. He also wrote a dissent, affirmed by the courts, holding that it was illegal sex discrimination for unions to have a waiters' union and a separate waitresses' union. |
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<ref>University of Denver Special Collections/Archives. Howard Jenkins Jr. Papers. Finding aid is open access/public domain</ref> |
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== Early life and education == |
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==Reference== |
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Howard Jenkins Jr. was born in [[Denver, Colorado]], the third child of Howard and Nellie Poage Jenkins. Both of his parents were from [[Missouri]]. His father was a mail carrier and graduate of [[Lincoln University (Missouri)|Lincoln University]] in Missouri. His mother graduated from college in [[Illinois]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=1915|url=https://www.law.du.edu/jenkins/Chapter1.htm|access-date=2020-09-06|website=www.law.du.edu}}</ref> |
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When Jenkins started at the [[University of Denver]] in 1932 he was the only male African American in the freshman class. He spent his sophomore year at the [[University of Colorado Boulder|University of Colorado in Boulder]]. He graduated from the [[University of Denver]] in 1936<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=UNDERGRADUATE YEARS|url=https://www.law.du.edu/jenkins/Chapter2.htm|access-date=2020-09-06|website=www.law.du.edu}}</ref> and from the University's College of Law in 1941. Although he was not the first African American to practice law in Colorado, he was the first African American to pass the Colorado Bar Examination.<ref>{{Cite web|title=HONORABLE HOWARD JENKINS, JR - MR. NLRB|url=https://www.law.du.edu/jenkins/chapter3.htm|access-date=2020-09-06|website=www.law.du.edu}}</ref> |
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== Career in law == |
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Howard Jenkins became interested in law when he accompanied his best friend to watch his friend's father, Sam Cary, try court cases. Sam Cary was one of the first African American lawyers in Denver. Jenkins practiced law in Denver until 1946, first in private practice, then in the Denver Office of Price Administration with Edward E. Pringle and Max Melville, then at the Denver War Production Board with James C. Flanigan and Edward Scheunemann. In 1943 Jenkins was appointed Regional Attorney for the [[National War Labor Board (1942–1945)|National War Labor Board]], and in 1945 its Chief Regional Enforcement Officer. |
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== Howard University == |
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George Johnson, the dean of Howard University Law School, asked Jenkins to join the faculty. Jenkins taught labor law and administrative law at the law school and medical jurisprudence to medical students, from 1946 until 1956.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=HOWARD JENKINS, JR. - MR. NLRB|url=https://www.law.du.edu/jenkins/Chapter5.htm|access-date=2020-09-06|website=www.law.du.edu}}</ref> |
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== Career in government service == |
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Jenkins then went to work in Washington, D.C. for William Willard Wirtz on the [[National Wage Stabilization Board]], and joined the faculty at [[Howard University School of Law]]. As a law professor he helped prepare briefs for the U.S. Supreme Court to desegregate the railroads and the public schools, including the landmark case of [[Brown v. Board of Education]].<ref name=":1" /> In 1956, Jenkins became the special assistant to the [[United States Solicitor of Labor|Solicitor of Labor]]. While special assistant, he was intimately involved in drafting and passing the ''Landrum-Griffin'' Labor Reform Act, known as the ''Employees' Bill of Rights.'' |
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In 1959, Jenkins was named Director of the Office of Regulations at the Bureau of Labor-Management Reports. In 1962, he was named Assistant Commissioner of the Bureau and became the highest-ranking African American attorney in the federal government. In 1963, Jenkins became the first African American to be appointed to the U.S. [[National Labor Relations Board]] (NLRB) when nominated by President [[John F. Kennedy]]. Jenkins was reappointed by three subsequent presidents and served on the NLRB for 20 years. |
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Jenkins was a [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] who was known to be supportive of labor unions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Collection: Howard Jenkins, Jr. Papers {{!}} Archives @ DU Catalog |url=https://duarchives.coalliance.org/repositories/2/resources/600 |access-date=2023-11-15 |website=duarchives.coalliance.org}}</ref> |
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== Impact == |
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Howard Jenkins Jr. had a substantial impact on labor law during his years of service. His mission was ''to help them discover blacks in the industrial work force, and to get it firmly fixed in our national labor policy that discrimination on the basis of race or sex is an unfair labor practice.'' He wrote the majority opinion in the 1964 watershed case [[Hughes Tool Company|Hughes Tool Co. II]], which created unions' duty of fair representation. He also wrote a dissent, affirmed by the courts, holding that it was illegal sex discrimination for unions to have a waiters' union and a separate waitresses' union.<ref>University of Denver Special Collections/Archives. Howard Jenkins Jr. Papers. Finding aid is open access/public domain</ref> |
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== Personal life == |
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Jenkins met Alice Elaine Brown in 1935, the daughter of a prominent African American minister, when she was a freshman. After she graduated from the University of Denver in 1937 she became the first African American teacher in the Denver Public School system. In 1940 the couple married.<ref name=":0" /> |
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== Death == |
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Howard Jenkins Jr. died on June 3, 2003 and was survived by one of his sons.<ref name=":2" /> |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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{{uncategorized|date=January 2015}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Jenkins, Howard}} |
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[[Category:1915 births]] |
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[[Category:2003 deaths]] |
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[[Category:Lawyers from Denver]] |
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[[Category:Howard University School of Law faculty]] |
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[[Category:University of Denver alumni]] |
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[[Category:Eisenhower administration personnel]] |
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[[Category:Kennedy administration personnel]] |
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[[Category:Lyndon B. Johnson administration personnel]] |
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[[Category:Ford administration personnel]] |
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[[Category:Carter administration personnel]] |
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[[Category:Reagan administration personnel]] |
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[[Category:National Labor Relations Board officials]] |
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[[Category:Colorado Republicans]] |
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Latest revision as of 05:28, 15 November 2023
Howard Jenkins Jr. | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Member of the National Labor Relations Board | |
| In office August 28, 1963 – August 27, 1983 | |
| President | John F. Kennedy |
| Personal details | |
| Born | June 16, 1915 Denver, Colorado, U.S. |
| Died | June 3, 2003 (aged 87) |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse |
Alice Elaine Brown
(m. 1940; died 1999) |
| Children | 3 |
| Alma mater | University of Denver University of Colorado Boulder |
Howard Jenkins Jr. (June 16, 1915 – June 3, 2003)[1] was an American lawyer, professor of law, and civil servant. Appointed by President John F. Kennedy, he was the first African American to serve on the National Labor Relations Board where he served for 20 years under six presidents. Following the passage of the Landrum-Griffin Act, Jenkins served as the Assistant Commissioner of the Bureau of Labor Management Reports where he was the highest-ranking African American lawyer working in the federal government.
Early life and education
[edit]Howard Jenkins Jr. was born in Denver, Colorado, the third child of Howard and Nellie Poage Jenkins. Both of his parents were from Missouri. His father was a mail carrier and graduate of Lincoln University in Missouri. His mother graduated from college in Illinois.[2]
When Jenkins started at the University of Denver in 1932 he was the only male African American in the freshman class. He spent his sophomore year at the University of Colorado in Boulder. He graduated from the University of Denver in 1936[3] and from the University's College of Law in 1941. Although he was not the first African American to practice law in Colorado, he was the first African American to pass the Colorado Bar Examination.[4]
Career in law
[edit]Howard Jenkins became interested in law when he accompanied his best friend to watch his friend's father, Sam Cary, try court cases. Sam Cary was one of the first African American lawyers in Denver. Jenkins practiced law in Denver until 1946, first in private practice, then in the Denver Office of Price Administration with Edward E. Pringle and Max Melville, then at the Denver War Production Board with James C. Flanigan and Edward Scheunemann. In 1943 Jenkins was appointed Regional Attorney for the National War Labor Board, and in 1945 its Chief Regional Enforcement Officer.
Howard University
[edit]George Johnson, the dean of Howard University Law School, asked Jenkins to join the faculty. Jenkins taught labor law and administrative law at the law school and medical jurisprudence to medical students, from 1946 until 1956.[5]
Career in government service
[edit]Jenkins then went to work in Washington, D.C. for William Willard Wirtz on the National Wage Stabilization Board, and joined the faculty at Howard University School of Law. As a law professor he helped prepare briefs for the U.S. Supreme Court to desegregate the railroads and the public schools, including the landmark case of Brown v. Board of Education.[5] In 1956, Jenkins became the special assistant to the Solicitor of Labor. While special assistant, he was intimately involved in drafting and passing the Landrum-Griffin Labor Reform Act, known as the Employees' Bill of Rights.
In 1959, Jenkins was named Director of the Office of Regulations at the Bureau of Labor-Management Reports. In 1962, he was named Assistant Commissioner of the Bureau and became the highest-ranking African American attorney in the federal government. In 1963, Jenkins became the first African American to be appointed to the U.S. National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) when nominated by President John F. Kennedy. Jenkins was reappointed by three subsequent presidents and served on the NLRB for 20 years.
Jenkins was a Republican who was known to be supportive of labor unions.[6]
Impact
[edit]Howard Jenkins Jr. had a substantial impact on labor law during his years of service. His mission was to help them discover blacks in the industrial work force, and to get it firmly fixed in our national labor policy that discrimination on the basis of race or sex is an unfair labor practice. He wrote the majority opinion in the 1964 watershed case Hughes Tool Co. II, which created unions' duty of fair representation. He also wrote a dissent, affirmed by the courts, holding that it was illegal sex discrimination for unions to have a waiters' union and a separate waitresses' union.[7]
Personal life
[edit]Jenkins met Alice Elaine Brown in 1935, the daughter of a prominent African American minister, when she was a freshman. After she graduated from the University of Denver in 1937 she became the first African American teacher in the Denver Public School system. In 1940 the couple married.[3]
Death
[edit]Howard Jenkins Jr. died on June 3, 2003 and was survived by one of his sons.[1]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Levy, Claudia (7 June 2003). "Howard Jenkins Jr., 87, Dies". Washington Post. Retrieved 6 September 2020.
- ^ "1915". www.law.du.edu. Retrieved 2020-09-06.
- ^ a b "UNDERGRADUATE YEARS". www.law.du.edu. Retrieved 2020-09-06.
- ^ "HONORABLE HOWARD JENKINS, JR - MR. NLRB". www.law.du.edu. Retrieved 2020-09-06.
- ^ a b "HOWARD JENKINS, JR. - MR. NLRB". www.law.du.edu. Retrieved 2020-09-06.
- ^ "Collection: Howard Jenkins, Jr. Papers | Archives @ DU Catalog". duarchives.coalliance.org. Retrieved 2023-11-15.
- ^ University of Denver Special Collections/Archives. Howard Jenkins Jr. Papers. Finding aid is open access/public domain
- 1915 births
- 2003 deaths
- Lawyers from Denver
- Howard University School of Law faculty
- University of Denver alumni
- Eisenhower administration personnel
- Kennedy administration personnel
- Lyndon B. Johnson administration personnel
- Ford administration personnel
- Carter administration personnel
- Reagan administration personnel
- National Labor Relations Board officials
- Colorado Republicans