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Coordinates: 46°38′06″N 114°34′48″W / 46.635°N 114.580°W / 46.635; -114.580
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{{Other uses|Lolo (disambiguation)}}
'''Lolo Pass''' (elevation 5233 ft/1595 m) is a [[mountain pass]] in the northern [[Rocky Mountains]] located on the border between the [[U.S. state]]s of [[Montana]] and [[Idaho]] approximately 25 mi (40 km) WSW of [[Missoula, Montana|Missoula]], [[Montana]]. It is famous as the location where the [[Lewis and Clark Expedition]] crossed the summit of the [[Bitteroot Range]] via the '''Lolo Trail''' on the outward and return journeys in [[1804]] and [[1806]].
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2023}}
{{Infobox mountain pass
| name = Lolo Pass
| photo = Lolo Summit Sign.jpg
| photo_caption = Historical marker sign in Idaho in 2011
| elevation_ft = 5233
| elevation_ref =
| traversed = {{jct|country=USA|US|12}}
| location = [[Idaho County, Idaho|Idaho County]], [[Idaho]], /<br>[[Missoula County, Montana|Missoula County]], [[Montana]], [[United States|U.S.]]
| range = [[Bitterroot Range]],<br>[[Rocky Mountains]]
| map = USA#USA Idaho
| map_caption = Location in the [[United States]]##Location on the [[Idaho]]–[[Montana]] border
| coordinates = {{coord|46.635|N|114.580|W|type:pass}}
| topo =
}}<!--
{{Location map
|USA West
|relief = 1
|label = <small>Lolo Pass</small>
|position =
|lat = 46.6354
|long = -114.5803
|caption = Location in the [[western United States]]
|marksize = 5
|float =
|background =
|width = 240
}}-->
{{Infobox NRHP
| name = Lolo Trail
| nrhp_type = nhl
| image =
| caption =
| location = [[Bitterroot Mountains]],<br>[[Idaho]]-[[Montana]]
| locmapin = <!--Idaho-->
| coordinates = {{coord|46.635|N|114.580|W|display=inline,title}}
| area =
| built = 1805
| architect =
| architecture =
| added = October 15, 1966
| refnum = 66000309<ref name="nhl">{{cite web|url={{NHLS url|id=66000309}}|title=National Historic Landmark nomination for Lolo Pass|date=July 11, 2010|work=National Register of Historic Places|publisher=National Park Service}}</ref>
}}
'''Lolo Pass''', [[elevation]] {{convert|5233|ft|0}}, is a [[mountain pass]] in the [[western United States]], in the [[Bitterroot Range]] of the northern [[Rocky Mountains]]. It is on the border between the [[U.S. state|states]] of [[Montana]] and [[Idaho]], approximately {{convert|40|mi|round=5|spell=in}} west-southwest of [[Missoula, Montana|Missoula]], Montana.


The pass is the highest point of the historic '''Lolo Trail''', between the [[Bitterroot Valley]] in Montana and the [[Weippe Prairie]] in Idaho. The trail, known as '''naptnišaqs''', or "Nez Perce Trail" in [[Montana Salish language|Salish]],<ref name = "tachinipete">{{Cite book
[[U.S. Highway 12]] crosses the pass.
| edition = 2nd
| publisher = Salish Kootenai College Press
| isbn = 9781934594063
| last = Tachini
| first = Pete
| title = Seliš nyoʻnuntn, Medicine for the Salish language : English to Salish translation dictionary
| location = Pablo, MT
| page = 374
| year = 2010
}}</ref> was used by [[Nez Perce people|Nez Perce]] in the 18th century, and by the [[Lewis and Clark Expedition]], guided by [[Old Toby]] of the [[Shoshone]], on their westward snowbound journey in September 1805. After a winter at [[Fort Clatsop]] in present-day northwestern [[Oregon]], the Corps of Discovery returned the following June. The Lolo Trail is a [[National Historic Landmark]], designated for its importance to the Lewis and Clark Expedition, and its role in the 1877 [[Nez Perce War]].<ref name="nhl"/>

The name of the pass is sometimes said to have been Salish version of the French name ''Laurence'' or ''Laurent'', but was probably a regular French nickname.<ref name="Bright2004">{{cite book|last=Bright|first=William|authorlink=William Bright|title=Native American Placenames of the United States|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5XfxzCm1qa4C&pg=PA255|year=2004|publisher=University of Oklahoma Press|isbn=978-0-8061-3598-4|pages=11, 255}}</ref> The name Lolo was not used by Lewis and Clark. Its first known mention is in the 1810 journal of [[David Thompson (explorer)|David Thompson]], who described three fur trappers, probably of French descent, named Michael, Lolo, and Gregoire.<ref name="Saindon2003">{{cite book|last=Saindon|first=Robert A.|title=Explorations Into the World of Lewis and Clark V-2 of 3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TygK-g-UguQC&pg=PA968|year=2003|publisher=Digital Scanning Inc|isbn=978-1-58218-764-8|page=968}}</ref>

The pass was also used in 1877 during the [[Nez Perce War]] as some of the Nez Perce under [[Chief Joseph]] tried to escape the [[United States Army#19th century|U.S. Army]]. Shortly after crossing the pass, the two sides clashed at the [[Battle of the Big Hole]] in Montana.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.nps.gov/nepe/historyculture/lolo-trail-and-pass.htm|newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|title= Lolo Trail and Pass |publisher= [[National Park Service]] |accessdate= 8 October 2011}}</ref>

[[U.S. Route 12 in Idaho|U.S. Highway 12]], belatedly completed in 1962, crosses the pass. At the August dedication ceremony at Lolo Pass attended by thousands, the states' governors, [[Robert E. Smylie|Bob Smylie]] of Idaho and [[Tim M. Babcock|Tim Babcock]] of Montana, cut through a ceremonial [[Thuja plicata|cedar]] log with a [[Two-man saw|two-man]] [[crosscut saw]].<ref name=twlchd>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=KL5eAAAAIBAJ&sjid=JzEMAAAAIBAJ&pg=4003%2C3235536|newspaper=Lewiston Morning Tribune|location=(Idaho)|last=Campbell|first=Thomas W.|title=Thousands witness L-C Highway dedication|date=August 20, 1962|page=1}}</ref>

[[Lolo Hot Springs, Montana|Lolo Hot Springs]] is {{convert|7|mi|spell=in}} east of the pass in Montana. The first limited services in Idaho are in Powell, {{convert|13|mi|spell=in}} to the west of the pass, then another {{convert|65|mi|0}} to [[Lowell, Idaho|Lowell]], at the confluence of the [[Lochsa River|Lochsa]] and [[Selway River]]s to form the Middle Fork of the [[Clearwater River (Idaho)|Clearwater]]. The primary city in Idaho served by U.S. 12 is [[Lewiston, Idaho|Lewiston]], {{convert|170|mi}} west of the pass at the border with [[Washington (state)|Washington]], where the Clearwater meets the [[Snake River|Snake]].

On March 1, 2014, the [[Idaho Department of Fish and Game]] announced that 23 wolves had been killed in the Lolo Pass area, in order to boost elk populations.<ref>{{Cite news
| title = Idaho Fish and Game kills 23 wolves in Lolo Pass area
| work = [[Missoulian]]
| accessdate = 2014-06-12
| date = 2014-03-01
| url = http://missoulian.com/news/state-and-regional/idaho-fish-and-game-kills-wolves-in-lolo-pass-area/article_1afad70c-a144-11e3-9871-0019bb2963f4.html
}}</ref>

<gallery>
Nez Perce Trail Historical Marker, Lolo Pass.jpg|Nez Perce Trail Historical Marker, Lolo Pass 2017
Lolo Pass walking trail.jpg|Lolo Pass walking trail 2017
File:Lolo Pass Apr 2008.jpg|Lolo Pass, Montana side, approaching summit, westbound
Winter Road Montana.jpg|Entering Montana from Lolo Pass
File:Lolo Pass Visitor's Center.jpg|Lolo Pass visitor center
File:FEMA - 8293 - Photograph by Andrea Booher taken on 08-18-2003 in Montana.jpg|Forest fire near Lolo Pass, 2003
File:Lochsa River.jpg|[[Idaho]]'s [[Lochsa River]], west of Lolo Pass
File:PackerMeadowscamas.JPG|[[Camassia|Camas]] blooming at Packer Meadows, near Lolo Pass, Idaho

</gallery>

==See also==
*[[List of National Historic Landmarks in Idaho]]
*[[National Register of Historic Places listings in Idaho County, Idaho]]
*[[National Register of Historic Places listings in Missoula County, Montana]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons}}
*[http://visitmt.com/categories/moreinfo.asp?IDRRecordID=9525&SiteID=1 Lolo Pass Visitor Information Center]
*[http://www.nps.gov/partnerships/lolo_pass_nez_perce.htm National Park Service: Lolo Pass Visitor Center and Rest Area]
*[http://birice.vaisala.com/photos/02D0637D_06BCBC1E_cam1.jpg Idaho Transportation Dept.] - webcam - Lolo Pass
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120220161729/http://511.idaho.gov/markers.asp?marker=LOLO%20SUMMIT Idaho Transportation Dept.] - roadside historical marker - Lolo Summit
*[http://www.travelmt.com/index.php?action=sites&id=9525 Lolo Pass Visitor Information Center]
*[http://www.fs.fed.us/r1/lewisclark/lcic/grasslands/lolopass_lololandmark_revisions.html Lewis and Clark: Additional Sites]
* [http://www.nps.gov/history/NR/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/108lewisclark/108lewisclark.htm ''The Lewis & Clark Expedition: Documenting the Uncharted Northwest Name,'' a National Park Service Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) lesson plan]
* {{cite journal|title=[[wikisource:en:Oregon Historical Quarterly/Volume 2/Items from the Nez Perces Indians|Items from the Nez Perces Indians]] |journal=Oregon Historical Quarterly |volume=2 |date=June 1901 |first=Horace Sumner|last=Lyman }}


{{National Register of Historic Places}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lolo Pass (Idaho-Montana)}}
[[Category:Landforms of Idaho County, Idaho]]
[[Category:Landforms of Missoula County, Montana]]
[[Category:Mountain passes of Idaho]]
[[Category:Mountain passes of Idaho]]
[[Category:Mountain passes of Montana]]
[[Category:Mountain passes of Montana]]
[[Category:Lewis and Clark]]
[[Category:National Historic Landmarks in Idaho]]
[[Category:Montana history]]
[[Category:National Historic Landmarks in Montana]]
[[Category:Roads on the National Register of Historic Places in Idaho]]
{{Montana-geo-stub}}
[[Category:Roads on the National Register of Historic Places in Montana]]
{{US-west-geo-stub}} <!-- for Idaho -->
[[Category:Borders of Idaho]]

[[Category:Borders of Montana]]
[[de:Lolo Pass]]
[[Category:Mountains Ranges and Peaks in Missoula County, Montana]]
[[Category:Transportation in Missoula County, Montana]]
[[Category:Transportation in Idaho County, Idaho]]
[[Category:Clearwater National Forest]]
[[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Idaho County, Idaho]]
[[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Missoula County, Montana]]
[[Category:U.S. Route 12]]
[[Category:Trails and roads in the American Old West]]
[[Category:Bitterroot Range]]

Latest revision as of 09:56, 21 November 2023

For other uses, see Lolo (disambiguation).

Lolo Pass
Historical marker sign in Idaho in 2011
Elevation5,233 ft (1,595 m)
Traversed by US 12
LocationIdaho County, Idaho, /
Missoula County, Montana, U.S.
RangeBitterroot Range,
Rocky Mountains
Coordinates46°38′06″N 114°34′48″W / 46.635°N 114.580°W / 46.635; -114.580
Lolo Pass is located in the United States
Lolo Pass
Location in the United States
Lolo Pass is located in Idaho
Lolo Pass
Location on the Idaho–Montana border
Lolo Trail
LocationBitterroot Mountains,
Idaho-Montana
Coordinates46°38′06″N 114°34′48″W / 46.635°N 114.580°W / 46.635; -114.580
Built1805
NRHP reference No.66000309[1]
Added to NRHPOctober 15, 1966

Lolo Pass, elevation 5,233 feet (1,595 m), is a mountain pass in the western United States, in the Bitterroot Range of the northern Rocky Mountains. It is on the border between the states of Montana and Idaho, approximately forty miles (65 km) west-southwest of Missoula, Montana.

The pass is the highest point of the historic Lolo Trail, between the Bitterroot Valley in Montana and the Weippe Prairie in Idaho. The trail, known as naptnišaqs, or "Nez Perce Trail" in Salish,[2] was used by Nez Perce in the 18th century, and by the Lewis and Clark Expedition, guided by Old Toby of the Shoshone, on their westward snowbound journey in September 1805. After a winter at Fort Clatsop in present-day northwestern Oregon, the Corps of Discovery returned the following June. The Lolo Trail is a National Historic Landmark, designated for its importance to the Lewis and Clark Expedition, and its role in the 1877 Nez Perce War.[1]

The name of the pass is sometimes said to have been Salish version of the French name Laurence or Laurent, but was probably a regular French nickname.[3] The name Lolo was not used by Lewis and Clark. Its first known mention is in the 1810 journal of David Thompson, who described three fur trappers, probably of French descent, named Michael, Lolo, and Gregoire.[4]

The pass was also used in 1877 during the Nez Perce War as some of the Nez Perce under Chief Joseph tried to escape the U.S. Army. Shortly after crossing the pass, the two sides clashed at the Battle of the Big Hole in Montana.[5]

U.S. Highway 12, belatedly completed in 1962, crosses the pass. At the August dedication ceremony at Lolo Pass attended by thousands, the states' governors, Bob Smylie of Idaho and Tim Babcock of Montana, cut through a ceremonial cedar log with a two-man crosscut saw.[6]

Lolo Hot Springs is seven miles (11 km) east of the pass in Montana. The first limited services in Idaho are in Powell, thirteen miles (21 km) to the west of the pass, then another 65 miles (105 km) to Lowell, at the confluence of the Lochsa and Selway Rivers to form the Middle Fork of the Clearwater. The primary city in Idaho served by U.S. 12 is Lewiston, 170 miles (270 km) west of the pass at the border with Washington, where the Clearwater meets the Snake.

On March 1, 2014, the Idaho Department of Fish and Game announced that 23 wolves had been killed in the Lolo Pass area, in order to boost elk populations.[7]

  • Nez Perce Trail Historical Marker, Lolo Pass 2017
    Nez Perce Trail Historical Marker, Lolo Pass 2017
  • Lolo Pass walking trail 2017
    Lolo Pass walking trail 2017
  • Lolo Pass, Montana side, approaching summit, westbound
    Lolo Pass, Montana side, approaching summit, westbound
  • Entering Montana from Lolo Pass
    Entering Montana from Lolo Pass
  • Lolo Pass visitor center
    Lolo Pass visitor center
  • Forest fire near Lolo Pass, 2003
    Forest fire near Lolo Pass, 2003
  • Idaho's Lochsa River, west of Lolo Pass
    Idaho's Lochsa River, west of Lolo Pass
  • Camas blooming at Packer Meadows, near Lolo Pass, Idaho
    Camas blooming at Packer Meadows, near Lolo Pass, Idaho

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "National Historic Landmark nomination for Lolo Pass". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 11, 2010.
  2. ^ Tachini, Pete (2010). Seliš nyoʻnuntn, Medicine for the Salish language : English to Salish translation dictionary (2nd ed.). Pablo, MT: Salish Kootenai College Press. p. 374. ISBN 9781934594063.
  3. ^ Bright, William (2004). Native American Placenames of the United States. University of Oklahoma Press. pp. 11, 255. ISBN 978-0-8061-3598-4.
  4. ^ Saindon, Robert A. (2003). Explorations Into the World of Lewis and Clark V-2 of 3. Digital Scanning Inc. p. 968. ISBN 978-1-58218-764-8.
  5. ^ "Lolo Trail and Pass". Lewiston Morning Tribune. National Park Service. Retrieved October 8, 2011.
  6. ^ Campbell, Thomas W. (August 20, 1962). "Thousands witness L-C Highway dedication". Lewiston Morning Tribune. (Idaho). p. 1.
  7. ^ "Idaho Fish and Game kills 23 wolves in Lolo Pass area". Missoulian. March 1, 2014. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
[edit]
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