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{{Short description|British novelist}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2011}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2011}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}

[[File:Ernest Raymond 001.jpg|thumb|Ernest Raymond {{circa|1920}}]]
{{Infobox writer
⚫
'''Ernest Raymond''' {{postnominals|country=GBR|OBE}} (1888–1974) was a British novelist, best known for his first novel, ''[[Tell England]]'' (1922), set in [[World War I]]. His next biggest success was ''[[We, the Accused]]'' (1935), generally thought to be a reworking of the [[Hawley Harvey Crippen|Crippen]] case. Raymond was a highly prolific writer, with an output forty-six novels, two plays and ten non-fiction works.<ref name="preston">{{cite journal |author1=Peter Preston |authorlink1=Peter Preston |title=Past and Present in Ernest Raymond's 'London Gallery' |journal=Literary London: Interdisciplinary Studies in the Representation of London |date=March 2011 |volume=9 |issue=1 |url=http://www.literarylondon.org/london-journal/march2011/preston.html |access-date=15 August 2019}}</ref>
| name = Ernest Raymond
| image = Ernest Raymond 001.jpg
| birth_date = 31 December 1888
| birth_place = [[Argentières]], [[France]]
| death_place = [[Hampstead]], [[England]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1974|5|14|1888|12|31|df=yes}}
| honorific_suffix = [[Order of the British Empire|OBE]]
| caption = Ernest Raymond {{circa|1920}}
| notable_works = {{ubl|''[[Tell England]]'' | ''[[We, the Accused]]'' | ''[[For Them That Trespass (novel)|For Them That Trespass]]'' | ''[[A Chorus Ending]]'' | ''[[The Quiet Shore]]'' | ''[[Mr Olim]]''}}
| education = {{ubl| [[St Paul's School, London|St Paul's School]] | [[Chichester Theological College]] | [[Durham University]]}}
| occupation = Novelist
}}

⚫
'''Ernest Raymond''' {{postnominals|country=GBR|OBE}} (31 December 1888 – 14 May 1974) was a British novelist, best known for his first novel, ''[[Tell England]]'' (1922), set in [[World War I]]. His next biggest success was ''[[We, the Accused]]'' (1935), generally thought to be a reworking of the [[Hawley Harvey Crippen|Crippen]] case. Raymond was a highly prolific writer, with an output of forty-six novels, two plays and ten non-fiction works.<ref name="preston">{{cite journal |author1=Peter Preston |authorlink1=Peter Preston |title=Past and Present in Ernest Raymond's 'London Gallery' |journal=Literary London: Interdisciplinary Studies in the Representation of London |date=March 2011 |volume=9 |issue=1 |url=http://www.literarylondon.org/london-journal/march2011/preston.html |access-date=15 August 2019}}</ref>


==Early life==
==Early life==
Line 9: Line 24:
Raymond was educated at [[St Paul's School, London]] and at [[Chichester Theological College]], before moving on to [[Durham University]] to read for a degree in Theology.<ref name="oxford">{{cite ODNB |author1=A. J. A. Morris |authorlink1=A. J. A. Morris |title=Raymond, Ernest (1888–1974) |language=en|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/56909 |year=2004 }}</ref> At Durham he did not join [[Colleges of Durham University|any of the colleges]] and studied as an 'unattached' member. He was ordained in the [[Church of England|Anglican Church]] in 1914 after graduating from Durham with [[British undergraduate degree classification#First-class honours|first-class honours]].<ref name=oxford /> Attending the same September graduation ceremony was the future conductor [[Malcolm Sargent]], there to receive his Music degree.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Convocation |journal=Durham University Journal |volume=21 |page=221 |url=http://reed.dur.ac.uk/xtf/view?docId=bookreader/DU_Journals/DUJ21/duj21.xml#page/266/mode/2up |access-date=14 August 2019}}</ref>
Raymond was educated at [[St Paul's School, London]] and at [[Chichester Theological College]], before moving on to [[Durham University]] to read for a degree in Theology.<ref name="oxford">{{cite ODNB |author1=A. J. A. Morris |authorlink1=A. J. A. Morris |title=Raymond, Ernest (1888–1974) |language=en|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/56909 |year=2004 }}</ref> At Durham he did not join [[Colleges of Durham University|any of the colleges]] and studied as an 'unattached' member. He was ordained in the [[Church of England|Anglican Church]] in 1914 after graduating from Durham with [[British undergraduate degree classification#First-class honours|first-class honours]].<ref name=oxford /> Attending the same September graduation ceremony was the future conductor [[Malcolm Sargent]], there to receive his Music degree.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Convocation |journal=Durham University Journal |volume=21 |page=221 |url=http://reed.dur.ac.uk/xtf/view?docId=bookreader/DU_Journals/DUJ21/duj21.xml#page/266/mode/2up |access-date=14 August 2019}}</ref>


With the outbreak of the [[First World War]], Raymond immediately applied to the chaplain-general for service overseas with the army. He had an eventful war and served as chaplain to the 10th battalion of the [[Manchester Regiment]] (1915–17), to the 9th battalion of the [[Worcestershire Regiment]] (1917 and 1919), to the [[East Lancashire Regiment|East Lancashire territorials]] in [[Battle of Gallipoli|Gallipoli]] in August 1915, and on five other fronts: [[Sinai Campaign|Sinai]], [[Western Front (World War II)|France and Belgium]], [[Mesopotamian campaign|Mesopotamia]], [[Persian campaign (World War I)|Persia]], and Russia.<ref name=oxford />
With the outbreak of the [[First World War]], Raymond immediately applied to the chaplain-general for service overseas with the army. He had an eventful war and served as chaplain to the 10th battalion of the [[Manchester Regiment]] (1915–1917), to the 9th battalion of the [[Worcestershire Regiment]] (1917 and 1919), to the [[East Lancashire Regiment|East Lancashire territorials]] in [[Battle of Gallipoli|Gallipoli]] in August 1915, and on five other fronts: [[Sinai Campaign|Sinai]], [[Western Front (World War II)|France and Belgium]], [[Mesopotamian campaign|Mesopotamia]], [[Persian campaign (World War I)|Persia]], and Russia.<ref name=oxford />


==Career==
==Career==
He resigned [[Holy Orders]] in 1923, having published his first novel, ''Tell England'', the previous year. According to [[Peter Preston]], the book received mixed reviews.<ref name=preston /> Its title was a deliberate echo of an epitaph made by [[Simonides of Ceos]] after the [[Battle of Thermopylae]], and the sentimental nature of the work made it very popular with the public if not the literary establishment.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Onions |first1=John |title=English Fiction and Drama of the Great War, 1918-39 |date=1990 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |page=53 |chapter=Minor Works}}</ref>
He resigned [[Holy Orders]] in 1923, having published his first novel, ''Tell England'', the previous year. According to [[Peter Preston]], the book received mixed reviews.<ref name=preston /> Its title was a deliberate echo of an epitaph made by [[Simonides of Ceos]] after the [[Battle of Thermopylae]], and the sentimental nature of the work made it very popular with the public if not the literary establishment.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Onions |first1=John |title=English Fiction and Drama of the Great War, 1918-39 |date=1990 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |page=53 |chapter=Minor Works}}</ref>


He wrote many books, including the novels ''Damascus Gate'' (1923), ''A Chorus Ending'' (1951), ''The City and the Dream'' (1958, which concluded his ''London Gallery'' series of novels portraying [[London]] life in the first half of the twentieth century), ''[[Mr Olim]]'' (1961), and ''The Bethany Road'' (1967). Other titles include ''Two Gentlemen of Rome: the Story of Keats and Shelley'' (1952), and ''Paris, City of Enchantment'' (1961).<ref>Alfred Charles Ward; Maurice Hussey (1981) ''Longman Companion to Twentieth Century Literature'', Second Edition, p.442 {{ISBN|978-0-58235-307-7}}</ref> His 1929 play ''[[The Berg (play)|The Berg]]'' based on the sinking of the ''[[Titanic]]'', was staged in the [[West End theatre|West End]] and adapted into the film ''[[Atlantic (1929 film)|Atlantic]]''.
He wrote many books, including the novels ''Damascus Gate'' (1923), ''[[A Chorus Ending]]'' (1951), ''The City and the Dream'' (1958, which concluded his ''London Gallery'' series of novels portraying [[London]] life in the first half of the twentieth century), ''[[Mr Olim]]'' (1961), and ''The Bethany Road'' (1967). Other titles include ''Two Gentlemen of Rome: the Story of Keats and Shelley'' (1952), and ''Paris, City of Enchantment'' (1961).<ref>Alfred Charles Ward; Maurice Hussey (1981) ''Longman Companion to Twentieth Century Literature'', Second Edition, p.442 {{ISBN|978-0-58235-307-7}}</ref> His 1929 play ''[[The Berg (play)|The Berg]]'' based on the sinking of the ''[[Titanic]]'', was staged in the [[West End theatre|West End]] and adapted into the film ''[[Atlantic (1929 film)|Atlantic]]''.


Many of his 1930s–1940s novels included clerics, the characters' religious life, and spiritual philosophy. ''The Autobiography of David'' (1946) was "as told to" him by the pseudonymous "David" who was an [[agoraphobia]]c as well as a convicted sexual [[exhibitionist]] who had spent time in a prison institution for the mentally ill.
Many of his 1930s–1940s novels included clerics, the characters' religious life, and spiritual philosophy. ''The Autobiography of David'' (1946) was "as told to" him by the pseudonymous "David" who was an [[agoraphobia]]c as well as a convicted sexual [[exhibitionist]] who had spent time in a prison institution for the mentally ill.


''[[We, the Accused]]'' was made into a well-received [[We, the Accused (TV series)|TV drama of the same title]] starring [[Ian Holm]], [[Angela Down]] and [[Elizabeth Spriggs]] in 1980.<ref>{{IMDb title|0081958|We, the Accused}}</ref>
''[[We, the Accused]]'' was made into a well-received [[We, the Accused (TV series)|TV drama of the same title]] starring [[Ian Holm]], [[Angela Down]] and [[Elizabeth Spriggs]] in 1980.<ref>{{IMDb title|qid=Q109927812|title=We, the Accused}}</ref>


==Assessment==
==Assessment==
[[George Orwell]] in 1945 praised Raymond as a "natural novelist" who could portray convincingly the lives of ordinary people. In particular he admired ''We, the Accused'' for its emotional power, while criticising the clumsy and long-winded way in which it is written.<ref>"Good Bad Books" (2 November 1945) ''Tribune''</ref>
[[George Orwell]] in 1945 praised Raymond as a "natural novelist" who could portray convincingly the lives of ordinary people. In particular, he admired ''We, the Accused'' for its emotional power, while criticising the clumsy and long-winded way in which it is written.<ref>"Good Bad Books" (2 November 1945) ''Tribune''</ref>


==Personal life==
==Personal life==
Raymond was married twice, firstly in [[Brighton]], 1922 to Zoe Irene Maude Doucett (1897–1964) of [[Southampton]] (two children), secondly in [[Hampstead]], 1941 to Diana Joan Young (1916–2009) of Woolwich (one, possibly two children).<ref name=drew/> From 1941 until his death Raymond resided at 22 The Pryors in Hampstead.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ernest Raymond |url=https://www.londonremembers.com/memorials/ernest-raymond |website=London Remembers |access-date=15 August 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
Raymond was married twice, firstly in [[Brighton]], 1922 to Zoe Irene Maude Doucett (1897–1964) of [[Southampton]] (two children), secondly in [[Hampstead]], 1941 to Diana Joan Young (1916–2009) of Woolwich (one child, Peter John Francis Raymond).<ref name=drew/> From 1941 until his death Raymond resided at 22 The Pryors in Hampstead.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ernest Raymond |url=https://www.londonremembers.com/memorials/ernest-raymond |website=London Remembers |access-date=15 August 2019 |language=en}}</ref>


== Bibliography ==
== Bibliography ==
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== External links ==
== External links ==
* {{Gutenberg author |id=Raymond,+Ernest | name=Ernest Raymond}}
* {{Gutenberg author |id=5806| name=Ernest Raymond}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Ernest Raymond |sopt=t}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Ernest Raymond |sopt=t}}


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[[Category:20th-century British male writers]]
[[Category:20th-century British male writers]]
[[Category:Alumni of Durham University]]
[[Category:Alumni of Durham University]]
[[Category:British expatriates in France]]

Latest revision as of 12:35, 24 November 2023

Ernest Raymond

OBE
Ernest Raymond c. 1920
Ernest Raymond c. 1920
Born31 December 1888
Argentières, France
Died14 May 1974(1974-05-14) (aged 85)
Hampstead, England
OccupationNovelist
Education
Notable works

Ernest Raymond OBE (31 December 1888 – 14 May 1974) was a British novelist, best known for his first novel, Tell England (1922), set in World War I. His next biggest success was We, the Accused (1935), generally thought to be a reworking of the Crippen case. Raymond was a highly prolific writer, with an output of forty-six novels, two plays and ten non-fiction works.[1]

Early life

[edit]

Ernest Raymond was born in Argentières, France, the illegitimate son of a British Army officer. He lived with his abusive aunt as a child. Her sister, his undisclosed mother, lived nearby with her family.[2]

Raymond was educated at St Paul's School, London and at Chichester Theological College, before moving on to Durham University to read for a degree in Theology.[3] At Durham he did not join any of the colleges and studied as an 'unattached' member. He was ordained in the Anglican Church in 1914 after graduating from Durham with first-class honours.[3] Attending the same September graduation ceremony was the future conductor Malcolm Sargent, there to receive his Music degree.[4]

With the outbreak of the First World War, Raymond immediately applied to the chaplain-general for service overseas with the army. He had an eventful war and served as chaplain to the 10th battalion of the Manchester Regiment (1915–1917), to the 9th battalion of the Worcestershire Regiment (1917 and 1919), to the East Lancashire territorials in Gallipoli in August 1915, and on five other fronts: Sinai, France and Belgium, Mesopotamia, Persia, and Russia.[3]

Career

[edit]

He resigned Holy Orders in 1923, having published his first novel, Tell England, the previous year. According to Peter Preston, the book received mixed reviews.[1] Its title was a deliberate echo of an epitaph made by Simonides of Ceos after the Battle of Thermopylae, and the sentimental nature of the work made it very popular with the public if not the literary establishment.[5]

He wrote many books, including the novels Damascus Gate (1923), A Chorus Ending (1951), The City and the Dream (1958, which concluded his London Gallery series of novels portraying London life in the first half of the twentieth century), Mr Olim (1961), and The Bethany Road (1967). Other titles include Two Gentlemen of Rome: the Story of Keats and Shelley (1952), and Paris, City of Enchantment (1961).[6] His 1929 play The Berg based on the sinking of the Titanic, was staged in the West End and adapted into the film Atlantic.

Many of his 1930s–1940s novels included clerics, the characters' religious life, and spiritual philosophy. The Autobiography of David (1946) was "as told to" him by the pseudonymous "David" who was an agoraphobiac as well as a convicted sexual exhibitionist who had spent time in a prison institution for the mentally ill.

We, the Accused was made into a well-received TV drama of the same title starring Ian Holm, Angela Down and Elizabeth Spriggs in 1980.[7]

Assessment

[edit]

George Orwell in 1945 praised Raymond as a "natural novelist" who could portray convincingly the lives of ordinary people. In particular, he admired We, the Accused for its emotional power, while criticising the clumsy and long-winded way in which it is written.[8]

Personal life

[edit]

Raymond was married twice, firstly in Brighton, 1922 to Zoe Irene Maude Doucett (1897–1964) of Southampton (two children), secondly in Hampstead, 1941 to Diana Joan Young (1916–2009) of Woolwich (one child, Peter John Francis Raymond).[2] From 1941 until his death Raymond resided at 22 The Pryors in Hampstead.[9]

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Tell England: A Study in a Generation (1922)
  • Rossenal (1922)
  • Damascus Gate (1923)
  • The Shout of the King (1924)
  • Wanderlight (1924)
  • The Fulfilment of Daphne Bruno (1926)
  • Morris in the Dance (1927)
  • The Old Tree Blossomed (1928)
  • Through Literature to Life; An Enthusiasm and an Anthology (1928)
  • A Family That Was (1930)
  • The Jesting Army (1931)
  • Mary Leith (1932)
  • Child of Norman's End (1934)
  • We, the Accused (1935)
  • Don John's Mountain Home (1936)
  • The Marsh (1937)
  • In the Steps of St. Francis (1939)
  • The Miracle of Brean (1939)
  • A Song of the Tide (1940)
  • The Last to Rest (1941)
  • Was there Love Once (1942)
  • The Corporal of the Guard (1944)
  • For Them That Trespass (1944)
  • Back to Humanity (1945)
  • The Autobiography of David (1946)
  • Five Sons of Le Faber (1946)
  • Kilburn Tale (1947)
  • In the Steps of the Brontes (1948)
  • Gentle Greaves (1949)
  • Witness of Canon Welcome (1950)
  • A Chorus Ending (1951)
  • Chalice and the Sword (1952)
  • Two Gentlemen of Rome: The Story of Keats And Shelley (1952)
  • The Bronte Legend: Its Cause And Treatment (1953)
  • The Nameless Places (1954)
  • To the Wood No More (1954)
  • Lord of Wensley (1956)
  • The Old June Weather (1957)
  • The City and the Dream (1958)
  • The Quiet Shore (1958)
  • The Visit of Brother Ives (1960)
  • Mr Olim (1961)
  • Paris, City of Enchantment (1961)
  • The Chatelaine (1962)
  • One of Our Brethren (1963)
  • Late in the Day (1964)
  • Tree of Heaven (1965)
  • The Mountain Farm (1966)
  • Bethany Road (1967)
  • A Song of the Tide (1967)
  • The Story of My Days: An Autobiography 1888–1922 (1968)
  • Please You, Draw Near: Autobiography 1922–1968 (1969)
  • Gentle Greaves (1970)
  • Good Morning, Good People: an autobiography – past and present (1970)
  • A Georgian Love Story (1971)
  • Our Late Member (1972)
  • Miryam's Guest House (1973)
  • Under Wedgery Down (1974)

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Peter Preston (March 2011). "Past and Present in Ernest Raymond's 'London Gallery'". Literary London: Interdisciplinary Studies in the Representation of London. 9 (1). Retrieved 15 August 2019.
  2. ^ a b Drewey Wayne Gunn (2014) Gay Novels of Britain, Ireland and the Commonwealth, 1881–1981, McFarland & Co., Jefferson, North Carolina ISBN 978-1-47661-841-8
  3. ^ a b c A. J. A. Morris (2004). "Raymond, Ernest (1888–1974)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/56909. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  4. ^ "Convocation". Durham University Journal. 21: 221. Retrieved 14 August 2019.
  5. ^ Onions, John (1990). "Minor Works". English Fiction and Drama of the Great War, 1918-39. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 53.
  6. ^ Alfred Charles Ward; Maurice Hussey (1981) Longman Companion to Twentieth Century Literature, Second Edition, p.442 ISBN 978-0-58235-307-7
  7. ^ We, the Accused at IMDb Edit this at Wikidata
  8. ^ "Good Bad Books" (2 November 1945) Tribune
  9. ^ "Ernest Raymond". London Remembers. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
[edit]
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