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{{Short description|Samurai}}
{{Infobox military person
{{Infobox military person
| name = Yamanaka Yukimori
| name = Yamanaka Yukimori
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| nickname = Yamanaka Shikanosuke (山中 鹿の介)<br>Shikasuke (鹿の介)
| nickname = Yamanaka Shikanosuke (山中 鹿の介)<br>Shikasuke (鹿の介)
| allegiance = [[File:Kamon yotumeyui.png|15px]] [[Amago clan]]
| allegiance = [[File:Kamon yotumeyui.png|15px]] [[Amago clan]]
| battles = [[Siege of Kōzuki Castle]]
| battles = [[Siege of Gassantoda Castle]] (1569)<br>Battle of Fubeyama (1570)<br>[[Siege of Kōzuki Castle]] (1578)
| children = Yamanaka Yukimoto
| children = Yamanaka Yukimoto
| relations = Yamanaka Mitsuyuki (father)<br>Nami (mother)
| relations = Yamanaka Mitsuyuki (father)<br>Nami (mother)
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[[File:Yamanaka Shikanosuke Yukimori.jpg|thumb|Yamanaka Shikanosuke (Yukimori) by [[Tsukioka Yoshitoshi]]. When the Amago clan was on the decline, Shikanosuke prayed to the crescent moon for the restoration of their former status, saying, 'I would rather sustain all kinds of troubles myself than see the clan of my lord fall into ruin. ]]
[[File:Yamanaka Shikanosuke Yukimori.jpg|thumb|Yamanaka Shikanosuke (Yukimori) by [[Tsukioka Yoshitoshi]]. When the Amago clan was on the decline, Shikanosuke prayed to the crescent moon for the restoration of their former status, saying, 'I would rather sustain all kinds of troubles myself than see the clan of my lord fall into ruin. ]]
{{family name hatnote|Yamanaka|lang=Japanese}}
{{family name hatnote|Yamanaka|lang=Japanese}}
{{nihongo|'''Yamanaka Yukimori'''|山中 幸盛|extra=September 20, 1545 &ndash; August 20, 1578}}, also known as '''Yamanaka Shikanosuke''' (山中 鹿の介) or '''Shikasuke''' (鹿の介), was a Japanese [[samurai]] of the [[Sengoku period]]. He served the [[Amako clan]] of [[Izumo Province]].<ref name="nussbaum1044">[[Louis-Frédéric|Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric]]. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA11044&dq= "Yamanaka Shikanosuke"] in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 1044.</ref>
{{nihongo|'''Yamanaka Yukimori'''|山中 幸盛|extra=September 20, 1545 &ndash; August 20, 1578}}, also known as '''Yamanaka Shikanosuke''' (山中 鹿の介) or '''Shikasuke''' (鹿の介), was a Japanese [[samurai]] of the [[Sengoku period]]. He served the [[Amago clan]] of [[Izumo Province]].<ref name="nussbaum1044">[[Louis-Frédéric|Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric]]. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA11044 "Yamanaka Shikanosuke"] in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 1044.</ref>


In art, his portraits conventionally show a crescent moon on the front of his helmet;<ref>Baird, Merrily C. (2001). [https://books.google.com/books?ei=ScaHUZ3EOpPi4AOw7YDABQ&id=BerpAAAAMAAJ&dq=Yamanaka+of+the+crescent+moon&q=Yamanaka+#search_anchor ''Symbols of Japan: Thematic Motifs in Art and Design,'' p. 33]; excerpt, "The crescent moon, in particular, was believed to have protective powers, and it appeared as a frontispiece element on the helmets of a number of warriors, including Yamanaka Shikanosuke Yukimori"</ref> he was born under a harvest moon.<ref>[[Stephen Turnbull (historian)|Turnbull, Stephen R.]] (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=NR9j09T2hLkC&pg=PA63&dq= ''The Samurai swordsman : master of war,'' p. 63].</ref> The crescent moon ornament he wore on his helmet was a token of good luck.<ref>[[Walters Art Museum]] (Baltimore), [http://art.thewalters.org/detail/13997/tsuki-hyakushi/ ''Tsuki hyakushi'' by Taiso Yoshitoshi (1839-1892)]; retrieved 2013-5-6.</ref>
In art, his portraits conventionally show a crescent moon on the front of his helmet;<ref>Baird, Merrily C. (2001). [https://books.google.com/books?id=BerpAAAAMAAJ&q=Yamanaka+ ''Symbols of Japan: Thematic Motifs in Art and Design,'' p. 33]; excerpt, "The crescent moon, in particular, was believed to have protective powers, and it appeared as a frontispiece element on the helmets of a number of warriors, including Yamanaka Shikanosuke Yukimori"</ref> he was born under a harvest moon.<ref>[[Stephen Turnbull (historian)|Turnbull, Stephen R.]] (2008). [https://books.google.com/books?id=NR9j09T2hLkC&pg=PA63 ''The Samurai swordsman : master of war,'' p. 63].</ref> The crescent moon ornament he wore on his helmet was a token of good luck.<ref>[[Walters Art Museum]] (Baltimore), [http://art.thewalters.org/detail/13997/tsuki-hyakushi/ ''Tsuki hyakushi'' by Taiso Yoshitoshi (1839-1892)]; retrieved 2013-5-6.</ref>


==Military life==
== Biography ==
Yamanaka Yukimori was born in 1545. He was the son of Yamanaka Mitsuyuki and Nami. His father died at a young age and his mother was known as being very wise. 
⚫
Yukimori supported the cause of [[Amago Katsuhisa]] (1553–1578),<ref name="nussbaum1044"/> including the [[Siege of Kōzuki Castle]].{{citation needed|date=May 2013}} He even tried to get help from the [[Oda clan]]. Unfortunately, [[Oda Nobunaga]] only used him so the Oda army could march deeper into the [[Mōri clan]]'s lands. [[Akechi Mitsuhide]] and [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi|Hashiba Hideyoshi]] wanted to give him reinforcements, but Nobunaga refused. Therefore, those two generals were forced into concentrating on laying siege to the Mōri and Ukita castles rather than helping Yukimori.

Yukimori's mother, Nami, raised Yukimori on her own. Nami grew hemp in the fields to make clothing for Yukimori while wearing a tattered dress. Meanwhile, she gave clothes, food and shelter to other poor children. These same children appreciated the kindness and, after growing up, cooperated with Yukimori. Nami told Yukimori to share his successes and failures with those who followed him and, after losing in battle, not to let his troops die or hog the praise of a victory for himself. It is said that Yukimori never forgot these lessons.

From his youth, Yukimori served the Amago clan, killing an enemy at the age of eight.  From around the age of ten, he studied the art of mounted archery as well as military tactics and, at the age of thirteen, achieved the feat of taking the head of an enemy soldier.

Yukimori supported the cause of [[Amago Katsuhisa]],<ref name="nussbaum1044"/> against Mori clan in the [[Siege of Gassantoda Castle]] (1569), including the Battle of Fubeyama (1570).

⚫
In the [[Siege of Kōzuki Castle]] (1578), he even tried to get help from the [[Oda clan]]. Ultimately, [[Oda Nobunaga]] only used him, so the Oda army could march deeper into the [[Mōri clan]]'s lands. [[Akechi Mitsuhide]] and [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi|Hashiba Hideyoshi]] wanted to give him reinforcements, but Nobunaga refused. Therefore, those two generals were forced into concentrating on laying siege to the Mōri and Ukita castles rather than helping Yukimori.
Eventually, Yukimori surrendered and his master Katsuhisa committed suicide.
⚫
Later, [[Kikkawa Motoharu]] awarded him with a small castle in Suo. When on the way to the castle, Yukimori was assassinated by the soldiers of Mōri clan.<ref name="nussbaum1044"/>


⚫
Eventually, Yukimori surrendered and his master Katsuhisa committed suicide. [[Kikkawa Motoharu]] awarded him with a small castle in Suo. When on the way to the castle, Yukimori was assassinated by the soldiers of Mōri clan.<ref name="nussbaum1044"/>
==In popular culture==
==In popular culture==
* Shikanosuke is one of the main playable characters in ''[[Samurai Warriors 5]]'' (the fifth game in the [[Samurai Warriors|Samurai Warriors franchise]]). In ''Samurai Warriors 5'', Shikanosuke (voiced by [[Yōhei Azakami]]) is depicted as a loyal general to the [[Amago clan]], well known for his impressive courage and good, attractive looks.
* Shikanosuke is one of the main playable characters in ''[[Samurai Warriors 5]]'' (the fifth game in the [[Samurai Warriors|Samurai Warriors franchise]]). In ''Samurai Warriors 5'', Shikanosuke (voiced by [[Yōhei Azakami]]) is depicted as a loyal general to the [[Amago clan]], well known for his impressive courage and good, attractive looks.
* Shikanosuke is a playable character in ''[[Sengoku Basara 4]]'', where he is shown to be an accomplished [[martial artist]] and a loyal servant of [[Amago Haruhisa]] (who previously appeared as a non-playable character in ''[[Sengoku Basara 3]]'').
* Shikanosuke is a playable character in ''[[Sengoku Basara 4]]'', where he is shown to be an accomplished [[martial artist]] and a loyal servant of [[Amago Haruhisa]] (who previously appeared as a non-playable character in ''[[Sengoku Basara 3]]'').
* Shikanosuke is the main protagonist of the Kabuki play "'''Kō no Tori'''" ([[Nihongo]]: 神の鳥, ''The Birds of the Gods''), in which he is portrayed as a powerful ''[[Aragoto]]'' hero and whose physical appearance is extremely similar to that of [[Kamakura Gongorō Kagemasa]] (the protagonist of ''[[Shibaraku]]''). In this play, Shikanosuke has to save a family of Japanese [[storks]] (or [[Konotori]]) from the evil [[warlord]] Akamatsu Manyu (the main antagonist of this play). In every time this play is performed (whether in [[Kabuki-za]] (in [[Tokyo, Japan]]) or in Eirakukan (in [[Toyooka, Hyōgo]], [[Japan]]), where this play first began to be performed), Shikanosuke is played by the popular Kabuki actor [[Kataoka Ainosuke VI]] (considered one of the main ''[[tachiyaku]]'' actors currently, known for being a renowned ''aragotoshi'').<ref>[https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/tv/kabukikool/kabuki_program_2019_43.html Kabuki Kool (NHK): Key Kabuki Words (2019 Season)]</ref><ref>[http://spice.eplus.jp/articles/294610/images/1016286 SPICE（スパイス）｜エンタメ特化型情報メディア スパイス: 片岡愛之助・中村壱太郎が第一部『神の鳥』への想いを語る　11月歌舞伎座『吉例顔見世大歌舞伎』の画像10/10]</ref><ref>[https://kisspress.jp/features/1504/ Kiss PRESS(キッスプレス): 「第十回永楽館歌舞伎」片岡愛之助さんコメント]</ref>
* Shikanosuke is the main protagonist of the Kabuki play "'''Kō no Tori'''" ([[Nihongo]]: 神の鳥, ''The Birds of the Gods''), in which he is portrayed as a powerful ''[[Aragoto]]'' hero and whose physical appearance is extremely similar to that of [[Kamakura Gongorō Kagemasa]] (the protagonist of ''[[Shibaraku]]''). In this play, Shikanosuke has to save a family of Japanese [[storks]] (or [[Oriental stork|Konotori]]) from the evil [[warlord]] Akamatsu Manyu (the main antagonist of this play). In every time this play is performed (whether in [[Kabuki-za]] (in [[Tokyo, Japan]]) or in Eirakukan (in [[Toyooka, Hyōgo]], [[Japan]]), where this play first began to be performed), Shikanosuke is played by the popular Kabuki actor [[Kataoka Ainosuke VI]] (considered one of the main ''[[tachiyaku]]'' actors currently, known for being a renowned ''aragotoshi'').<ref>[https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/tv/kabukikool/kabuki_program_2019_43.html Kabuki Kool (NHK): Key Kabuki Words (2019 Season)]</ref><ref>[http://spice.eplus.jp/articles/294610/images/1016286 SPICE（スパイス）｜エンタメ特化型情報メディア スパイス: 片岡愛之助・中村壱太郎が第一部『神の鳥』への想いを語る　11月歌舞伎座『吉例顔見世大歌舞伎』の画像10/10]</ref><ref>[https://kisspress.jp/features/1504/ Kiss PRESS(キッスプレス): 「第十回永楽館歌舞伎」片岡愛之助さんコメント]</ref>


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 21:31, 1 December 2023

Yamanaka Yukimori
Portrait of Yamanaka Yukimori, 1886
Native name
山中 幸盛
Nickname(s)Yamanaka Shikanosuke (山中 鹿の介)
Shikasuke (鹿の介)
BornSeptember 20, 1545
Shingukutani, Izumo Province (modern day Yasugi, Shimane)
DiedAugust 20, 1578 (aged 32)
Allegiance Amago clan
Battles / warsSiege of Gassantoda Castle (1569)
Battle of Fubeyama (1570)
Siege of Kōzuki Castle (1578)
ChildrenYamanaka Yukimoto
RelationsYamanaka Mitsuyuki (father)
Nami (mother)
Yamanaka Shikanosuke (Yukimori) by Tsukioka Yoshitoshi. When the Amago clan was on the decline, Shikanosuke prayed to the crescent moon for the restoration of their former status, saying, 'I would rather sustain all kinds of troubles myself than see the clan of my lord fall into ruin.
In this Japanese name, the surname is Yamanaka.

Yamanaka Yukimori (山中 幸盛, September 20, 1545 – August 20, 1578), also known as Yamanaka Shikanosuke (山中 鹿の介) or Shikasuke (鹿の介), was a Japanese samurai of the Sengoku period. He served the Amago clan of Izumo Province.[1]

In art, his portraits conventionally show a crescent moon on the front of his helmet;[2] he was born under a harvest moon.[3] The crescent moon ornament he wore on his helmet was a token of good luck.[4]

Biography

[edit]

Yamanaka Yukimori was born in 1545. He was the son of Yamanaka Mitsuyuki and Nami. His father died at a young age and his mother was known as being very wise. 

Yukimori's mother, Nami, raised Yukimori on her own. Nami grew hemp in the fields to make clothing for Yukimori while wearing a tattered dress. Meanwhile, she gave clothes, food and shelter to other poor children. These same children appreciated the kindness and, after growing up, cooperated with Yukimori. Nami told Yukimori to share his successes and failures with those who followed him and, after losing in battle, not to let his troops die or hog the praise of a victory for himself. It is said that Yukimori never forgot these lessons.

From his youth, Yukimori served the Amago clan, killing an enemy at the age of eight.  From around the age of ten, he studied the art of mounted archery as well as military tactics and, at the age of thirteen, achieved the feat of taking the head of an enemy soldier.

Yukimori supported the cause of Amago Katsuhisa,[1] against Mori clan in the Siege of Gassantoda Castle (1569), including the Battle of Fubeyama (1570).

In the Siege of Kōzuki Castle (1578), he even tried to get help from the Oda clan. Ultimately, Oda Nobunaga only used him, so the Oda army could march deeper into the Mōri clan's lands. Akechi Mitsuhide and Hashiba Hideyoshi wanted to give him reinforcements, but Nobunaga refused. Therefore, those two generals were forced into concentrating on laying siege to the Mōri and Ukita castles rather than helping Yukimori. Eventually, Yukimori surrendered and his master Katsuhisa committed suicide. Later, Kikkawa Motoharu awarded him with a small castle in Suo. When on the way to the castle, Yukimori was assassinated by the soldiers of Mōri clan.[1]

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Yamanaka Shikanosuke" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 1044.
  2. ^ Baird, Merrily C. (2001). Symbols of Japan: Thematic Motifs in Art and Design, p. 33; excerpt, "The crescent moon, in particular, was believed to have protective powers, and it appeared as a frontispiece element on the helmets of a number of warriors, including Yamanaka Shikanosuke Yukimori"
  3. ^ Turnbull, Stephen R. (2008). The Samurai swordsman : master of war, p. 63.
  4. ^ Walters Art Museum (Baltimore), Tsuki hyakushi by Taiso Yoshitoshi (1839-1892); retrieved 2013-5-6.
  5. ^ Kabuki Kool (NHK): Key Kabuki Words (2019 Season)
  6. ^ SPICE（スパイス）｜エンタメ特化型情報メディア スパイス: 片岡愛之助・中村壱太郎が第一部『神の鳥』への想いを語る　11月歌舞伎座『吉例顔見世大歌舞伎』の画像10/10
  7. ^ Kiss PRESS(キッスプレス): 「第十回永楽館歌舞伎」片岡愛之助さんコメント

Further reading

[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Yamanaka_Yukimori&oldid=1187856100"