Pre-integration complex: Difference between revisions
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The '''pre-integration complex''' ('''PIC''') is a [[nucleoprotein]] complex of viral [[genetic material]] and associated viral and host proteins which is capable of inserting a viral genome into a host genome. The PIC forms after uncoating of a viral particle after entry into the host cell. In the case of the [[HIV|human immunodeficiency virus]] (HIV), the PIC forms after the Reverse Transcription Complex (RTC) has reverse transcribed the viral RNA into DNA.<ref name=":0">{{cite journal | vauthors = Arhel N | title = Revisiting HIV-1 uncoating | journal = Retrovirology | volume = 7 | issue = 1 | pages = 96 | date = November 2010 | pmid = 21083892 | pmc = 2998454 | doi = 10.1186/1742-4690-7-96 | url = | doi-access = free }}</ref> The PIC consists of viral proteins (including [[Vpr]], [[Viral matrix protein|matrix]] and [[integrase]]), host proteins (including [[Barrier to autointegration factor 1]]) and the viral DNA.<ref name=":0" /> The PIC enters the cellular nucleus through the [[nuclear pore complex]] without disrupting the [[nuclear envelope]], thus allowing HIV and related [[retroviruses]] to replicate in non-dividing cells.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Piller SC, Caly L, Jans DA | title = Nuclear import of the pre-integration complex (PIC): the Achilles heel of HIV? | journal = Current Drug Targets | volume = 4 | issue = 5 | pages = 409–29 | date = July 2003 | pmid = 12816349 | doi = 10.2174/1389450033490984 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = De Rijck J, Vandekerckhove L, Christ F, Debyser Z | title = Lentiviral nuclear import: a complex interplay between virus and host | journal = BioEssays | volume = 29 | issue = 5 | pages = 441–51 | date = May 2007 | pmid = 17450594 | doi = 10.1002/bies.20561 | s2cid = 46411712 }}</ref> Following nuclear entry, the PIC's DNA payload may be integrated into the host [[DNA]] as a "[[provirus]]".<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Smith JA, Nunnari G, Preuss M, Pomerantz RJ, Daniel R | title = Pentoxifylline suppresses transduction by HIV-1-based vectors | journal = Intervirology | volume = 50 | issue = 5 | pages = 377–86 | year = 2007 | pmid = 17938572 | doi = 10.1159/000109752 | s2cid = 34357038 }}</ref> |
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The pre-integration complex is generally comprised of the viral genetic material and associated proteins (viral and host) after release into the cell. In HIV, this includes the viral core which surrounds the RNA. This complex is responsible for reverse transcription of the viral RNA genome into dsDNA and prepares it for integration into the host DNA within the nucleus. |
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== See also == |
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*[[HIV]] |
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[[Category:viruses]] |
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*[[Barrier to autointegration factor 1]] |
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== References == |
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{{Reflist}} |
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== External links == |
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*http://www.mcld.co.uk/hiv/?q=preintegration%20complex |
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* {{cite journal |vauthors=Suzuki Y, Craigie R | title = The road to chromatin - nuclear entry of retroviruses | journal = Nature Reviews. Microbiology | volume = 5 | issue = 3 | pages = 187–96 | date = March 2007 | pmid = 17304248 | doi = 10.1038/nrmicro1579 | s2cid = 6789517 |ref=none}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Pre-Integration Complex}} |
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Latest revision as of 21:46, 3 December 2023
The pre-integration complex (PIC) is a nucleoprotein complex of viral genetic material and associated viral and host proteins which is capable of inserting a viral genome into a host genome. The PIC forms after uncoating of a viral particle after entry into the host cell. In the case of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the PIC forms after the Reverse Transcription Complex (RTC) has reverse transcribed the viral RNA into DNA.[1] The PIC consists of viral proteins (including Vpr, matrix and integrase), host proteins (including Barrier to autointegration factor 1) and the viral DNA.[1] The PIC enters the cellular nucleus through the nuclear pore complex without disrupting the nuclear envelope, thus allowing HIV and related retroviruses to replicate in non-dividing cells.[2][3] Following nuclear entry, the PIC's DNA payload may be integrated into the host DNA as a "provirus".[4]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b Arhel N (November 2010). "Revisiting HIV-1 uncoating". Retrovirology. 7 (1): 96. doi:10.1186/1742-4690-7-96. PMC 2998454. PMID 21083892.
- ^ Piller SC, Caly L, Jans DA (July 2003). "Nuclear import of the pre-integration complex (PIC): the Achilles heel of HIV?". Current Drug Targets. 4 (5): 409–29. doi:10.2174/1389450033490984. PMID 12816349.
- ^ De Rijck J, Vandekerckhove L, Christ F, Debyser Z (May 2007). "Lentiviral nuclear import: a complex interplay between virus and host". BioEssays. 29 (5): 441–51. doi:10.1002/bies.20561. PMID 17450594. S2CID 46411712.
- ^ Smith JA, Nunnari G, Preuss M, Pomerantz RJ, Daniel R (2007). "Pentoxifylline suppresses transduction by HIV-1-based vectors". Intervirology. 50 (5): 377–86. doi:10.1159/000109752. PMID 17938572. S2CID 34357038.
External links
[edit]- http://www.mcld.co.uk/hiv/?q=preintegration%20complex
- Suzuki Y, Craigie R (March 2007). "The road to chromatin - nuclear entry of retroviruses". Nature Reviews. Microbiology. 5 (3): 187–96. doi:10.1038/nrmicro1579. PMID 17304248. S2CID 6789517.
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