Bowden, Ashprington: Difference between revisions

Bowden House
Bowden House
	Bowden House
Type	Manor house
Location	Ashprington
Coordinates	50°25′02″N 3°41′18″W / 50.4172°N 3.6884°W
Area	Devon
Architectural style(s)	Tudor and Georgian architecture
Owner	The Bowden Housing Cooperative Ltd
Listed Building – Grade I
Official name	Bowden House
Designated	7 January 1952
Reference no.	1236034
	Location of Bowden House in Devon

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Bowden is an historic estate in Ashprington parish near Totnes in Devon, England. The present structure, known as "Bowden House", is a grade I listed building^[1] and is built in a range of styles, mainly English Baroque and Tudor, reflecting the range of periods it was built and edited over.

History

Bowden was occupied by the de Braose family in 1154 but there remains no visible evidence of this period. The core of the current building likely originated from construction done for Thomas Giles (or Gyles, or Gylles) who acquired Bowden in 1464. About one third of a large Tudor mansion built for his grandson, John Gyles, in the beginning of the 16th century remains and was incorporated into the current building. Evidence of the original layout of Thomas Giles's construction is found in the existing cellar walls and the southern outer courtyard walls. The Giles Family lived at Bowden for about 250 years.

Shortly after purchasing the house in 1704, Nicholas Trist enlarged it by adding ranges to cover two sides of the original building. However, he likely retained part of a north cross wing and the Tudor hall. In the 18th century, the hall became the main kitchen, with ovens and a massive chimney being added to the west side.

In about 1800 Bowden was bought by the Adams family, who owned it until 1887. Their main contribution were the layout of the roofs of the current building. The ceiling in the 18th century south entrance hall carries a shield of arms of 'Adams of Bowden'. Sir Nikolaus Pevsner comments that it is "one of the few examples in the country of an essay in Baroque taste, the details rather better than the sum of the parts, as seen so often in provincial work. An early C18 date seems likely for most of the decoration, although some of the embellishments may be later, among them the arms of the Adam family, owners of the house from c. 1800, which appear on the ceiling.'^[2]

Architecture

Bowden House was begun as a manor house of c.1509, of which a range to the rear and several chimney stacks remain. It was remodelled with new south-east and south-west fronts c.1700-04 for Nicholas Trist. It has later alterations such as an early 19th century glazed porch and stable block, which is attached to the remaining 16th century range. Outbuildings incorporate fragments of the 16th century house.

Its interior contains its former Tudor hall, later converted to a kitchen, which retains a moulded plaster ceiling decorated with rib work and part of a figured frieze. There are open fireplaces, one with early 18th century mantle. In the 18th century front room there is earlier 17th century panelling, believed to be brought from elsewhere in the old house and a fine carved chimneypiece with elaborate coat of arms and crowned supporters inscribed below Holophernes and Judith with the date 1585. In the entrance hall there is elaborate 18th century plasterwork, with a medallion of Charles I dated 1735. There is a mid 18th century open staircase.^[1]

Ownership

John Giles (or Gyles, or Gylles) MP (c.1487-1553) to son

William Giles (c.1507-1581) to son

John Giles MP (d. 1606) to son

Sir Edward Giles MP (1566-1637) to first cousin

Richard Giles (1581-1648) to son

John Giles (d. 1676) to kinswoman

Mary, wife of Sir Richard Gipps, who sold 1704 to

Nicholas Trist (1668-1741) to son

Browse Trist (c.1699-1777) to son

Hore Browse Trist (c.1736-80) to brother

Rev. Browse Trist (c.1742-91) to three daughters, who sold c.1800 to

William Adams MP (1752-1811) to son

William Dacres Adams (1775-1862) to son

Rev. Dacres Adams (1806-71) to son

William Fulford Adams (1833-1912) who sold 1887 to

Sir Mortimer Singer (d. 1929) who sold 1895 to

The Harvey family who sold c.1914 to

Montague Bush who sold to

Robert William Campbell-Davidson (fl. 1923) ca. 1920 let to

Col. Partridge, requisitioned for use by US Army in WW2, used as special school, then sold c. 1965 to

Ayles family, who sold in 1976 to

Christopher & Belinda Petersen, who sold in 2000 to

Mrs. & Mr. R. Taylor, who sold in 2005 to

Jan Mosbacher, who sold in 2014 to

The Bowden Housing Cooperative Ltd.

The Bowden House Community, who are the present owners and residents of the building, are a cohousing "group of families and individuals developing conscious, authentic and eco-mindful living within a culture of singing, working, eating, gardening, celebrating and learning together".^[3] Bowden House is owned by the Bowden Housing Cooperative Ltd., which is in turn the joint property of its residents.

References

^ ^a ^b Historic England. "Bowden House (1236034)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
^ Pevsner, Nikolaus (1952). The Buildings of England: South Devon. Penguin Books. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
^ "Bowden House Community website". Archived from the original on 17 April 2015. Retrieved 17 April 2015.

Sources

Burke, John, Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland Enjoying Territorial Possessions or High Official Rank but Uninvested with Heritable Honours, 4 volumes (1833–1838), Vol. 4, ("Small Paper Edition"), London, 1838, pp. 434–4, Adams of Bowden
Pevsner, Nikolaus & Cherry, Bridget, The Buildings of England: Devon, London, 2004, pp. 195–6, Bowden House
Pole, Sir William (died 1635), Collections Towards a Description of the County of Devon, Sir John-William de la Pole (ed.), London, 1791, p. 293, Bowedon
Risdon, Tristram (died 1640), Survey of Devon, 1811 edition, London, 1811, with 1810 Additions, p. 166, Bowden, Ashprington
Vivian, Lt.Col. J.L., (Ed.) The Visitations of the County of Devon: Comprising the Heralds' Visitations of 1531, 1564 & 1620, Exeter, 1895, p. 409, pedigree of Giles of Bowden

[ref1-1] Historic England. "Bowden House (1236034)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 12 December 2022.

[2] Pevsner, Nikolaus (1952). The Buildings of England: South Devon. Penguin Books. Retrieved 7 June 2021.

[3] "Bowden House Community website". Archived from the original on 17 April 2015. Retrieved 17 April 2015.

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+{{Short description|Historic estate in Devon, England}}
-{{copyedit|reason=inverted commas need fixing|date=May 2021}}{{Close paraphrasing|date=May 2021}}{{Short description|English country estate}}
+{{distinguish|text = the historic [[Bowden, Yealmpton|Bowden estate]] in the parish of Yealmpton in Devon, England, nor the [[Bowden, Stoke Fleming|hamlet Bowden]] in the parish of Stoke Fleming in the South Hams district of Devon, England}}
-{{distinguish|Bowden, Yealmpton}}
+{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
-{{distinguish|Bowden, Stoke Fleming}}
+{{Infobox historic site
-[[File:Bowden House - Totnes - geograph.org.uk - 42158.jpg|thumb|200px|Bowden House, Ashprington, Devon]]
+| name = Bowden House
-'''Bowden''' is an historic estate in [[Ashprington]] parish near [[Totnes]] in [[Devon, England]]. The present structure, known as "Bowden House," is a [[Listed building|grade I listed]] building and, having been modified over many centuries, is composed of a mélange of styles with [[English Baroque]] and [[Tudor architecture|Tudor]] predominating.<ref>[http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-426815-bowden-house-totnes-devon#.VTEj_5O-sqc Listing text]</ref>
+| native_name =
+| native_language =
+| image = [[File:Bowden House - Totnes - geograph.org.uk - 42158.jpg|300px|]]
+| caption = Bowden House
+| type = [[Manor house]]
+| locmapin = Devon
+| coordinates = {{coord|50.4172|-3.6884|region:GB|display=inline,title |format=dms}}
+| gbgridref =
+| location = [[Ashprington]]
+| area = [[Devon]]
+| built =
+| architect =
+| architecture = [[Tudor architecture|Tudor]] and [[Georgian architecture]]
+| governing_body =
+| owner = The Bowden Housing Cooperative Ltd
+| designation1 = Grade I
+| designation1_offname = Bowden House
+| designation1_date = 7 January 1952
+| designation1_number = {{Listed building England|1236034}}
+| designation2 =
+| designation2_offname =
+| designation2_date =
+| designation2_number =
+| designation3 =
+| designation3_offname =
+| designation3_date =
+| designation3_number =
+| designation4 =
+| designation4_offname =
+| designation4_date =
+| designation4_number =
+| designation5 =
+| designation5_offname =
+| designation5_date =
+| designation5_number =
+}}
+'''Bowden''' is an historic estate in [[Ashprington]] parish near [[Totnes]] in [[Devon, England]]. The present structure, known as "Bowden House", is a [[Listed building|grade I listed]] building<ref name=ref1>{{NHLE |num=1236034|desc=Bowden House |accessdate=12 December 2022}}</ref> and is built in a range of styles, mainly [[English Baroque]] and [[Tudor architecture|Tudor]], reflecting the range of periods it was built and edited over.
+==History==
-==Origins of the name Bowden==
+Bowden was occupied by the de Braose family in 1154 but there remains no visible evidence of this period. The core of the current building likely originated from construction done for Thomas Giles (or Gyles, or Gylles) who acquired Bowden in 1464. About one third of a large Tudor mansion built for his grandson, John Gyles, in the beginning of the 16th century remains and was incorporated into the current building. Evidence of the original layout of Thomas Giles's construction is found in the existing cellar walls and the southern outer courtyard walls. The Giles Family lived at Bowden for about 250 years.
-Two possible derivations of the name Bowden have been offered. Bowden's elevated yet sheltered location would match the combining of the words Boga and Dunne - a phrase meaning the crest of a hill or rounded hill.{{Citation needed|reason=In what language? The second cited potential derivation includes the language, this one does not. Adding the language would help this assertion.|date=June 2021}} Considering that the original access route from Totnes was an eastern approach going straight over the hill, this seems plausible. A second proposition derives the origin from the word Bodeton, in which ton, from the Anglo Saxon tun - means enclosure, farmstead or village, in this case belonging to someone named Bode or Bude.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fanthorpe |first1=Lionel |last2=Fanthorpe |first2=Patricia |title=The World's Most Mysterious Places |date=1999 |publisher=Hounslow Press |location=Toronto |isbn=0-88882-206-5 |page=75 |edition=1 |url=https://books.google.fr/books?id=hTRpldUOqfIC&pg=PA75&hl=fr&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=3#v=onepage&q&f=false |access-date=7 June 2021}}</ref>
+Shortly after purchasing the house in 1704, Nicholas Trist enlarged it by adding ranges to cover two sides of the original building. However, he likely retained part of a north cross wing and the [[Tudor architecture|Tudor]] hall. In the 18th century, the hall became the main kitchen, with ovens and a massive chimney being added to the west side.
-==Listing description==
-Bowden House was given a grade 1 listing in 1952, making it one of fewer than 10,000 such buildings in the UK, placing it in the same category as [[Windsor Castle]], [[York Minster]] and [[Blackpool Tower]] and recognizing it as being of exceptional interest and national importance. The Register of Listed Buildings provides the following description:
+In about 1800 Bowden was bought by the Adams family, who owned it until 1887. Their main contribution were the layout of the roofs of the current building. The ceiling in the 18th century south entrance hall carries a shield of arms of 'Adams of Bowden'. [[Nikolaus Pevsner|Sir Nikolaus Pevsner]] comments that it is "one of the few examples in the country of an essay in Baroque taste, the details rather better than the sum of the parts, as seen so often in provincial work. An early C18 date seems likely for most of the decoration, although some of the embellishments may be later, among them the arms of the Adam family, owners of the house from c. 1800, which appear on the ceiling.'<ref>{{cite book |last1=Pevsner |first1=Nikolaus |title=The Buildings of England: South Devon |date=1952 |publisher=Penguin Books |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GhfqAAAAMAAJ |access-date=7 June 2021}}</ref>
-{{block indent |1='''BOWDEN HOUSE, GREEN LANE'''<br />(Formerly listed as Bawden House and Outbuildings of Bowden House)<br />GRADE I Listing NGR: SX8014358848<br />Circa 1509 manor house built for John Gyles, remodelled with new south-east and south-west fronts circa 1700-04 for Nicholas Trist. 2 storeys. Hipped Welsh slate roof with rendered stacks. Devonian limestone ashlar with pilasters carrying entablature and parapet. Architraved sash windows with glazing bars. Main entrance with the architraved doorway, early C19 glazed porch. C16 range at the rear with original doorways to former screen's passage; original main entrance (now internal doorway) of granite with arched head, (similar doorway reused in C19 stable range. Early C19 stable block adjoining C16 range with arcaded stable yard. Outbuildings incorporate a doorway and other carved fragments from the C16 house. Interior Former Tudor hall, later the kitchen, retains a moulded plaster ceiling decorated with rib work and part of figured frieze; open fireplaces, one with early C18 mantle. C18 front room with earlier C17 panelling (brought from elsewhere in the old house) and similarly a fine carved chimneypiece with elaborate coat of arms and crowned supporters inscribed below Holophernes and Judith with date 1585. Elaborate C18 plasterwork to entrance hall including doorcase, niches, chimney-piece. Medallion of Charles I dated 1735. Mid C18 open staircase.<ref>{{NHLE|num=1236034|desc=Bowden House|access-date=4 July 2016}}</ref>|right=7}}
+{{clear}}
-== Description of Bowden House ==
-Bowden's primary façades provide a consistent and refined 18th century appearance, screening the mixture of ages and styles of its much-remodeled interior. The massive chimney stacks, some dating to the 16th century, appear crude by contrast with the square dressed stone of the south and west elevations. These elevations together contain two main entrances and thirty sash windows set within polished ashlar architraves. The secondary elevations to the north and east display much more clearly the many modifications made over time and incorporate masonry remnants and leftovers salvaged during previous renovations.
+==Architecture==
 [[File:Fig 1. Bowden House as viewed from the South.jpg|thumb|Bowden House as viewed from the South]]
+Bowden House was begun as a manor house of c.1509, of which a range to the rear and several chimney stacks remain. It was remodelled with new south-east and south-west fronts c.1700-04 for Nicholas Trist. It has later alterations such as an early 19th century glazed porch and stable block, which is attached to the remaining 16th century range. Outbuildings incorporate fragments of the 16th century house.
-The oldest parts of the house lie to the north and east. Land at Bowden was occupied by the de Braose family in 1154 but nothing visible in the house's structure suggests it contains anything dating to this period. Much of the foundation and some internal walls of the current building likely have their origin in construction done for Thomas Giles (or Gyles, or Gylles) who acquired Bowden in 1464. A large Tudor mansion arose early in the 1520s (about one-third of which remains today) and was incorporated into the current building. Evidence of the original layout of Giles' construction can be gleaned from studying the existing cellar walls and the southern outer courtyard walls. The Giles Family lived at Bowden for about 250 years.
 [[File: Bowden house ground floor plan.png|alt=Ground floor plan of Bowden House|thumb|Ground floor plan of Bowden House]]
+Its interior contains its former Tudor hall, later converted to a kitchen, which retains a moulded plaster ceiling decorated with rib work and part of a figured frieze. There are open fireplaces, one with early 18th century mantle. In the 18th century front room there is earlier 17th century panelling, believed to be brought from elsewhere in the old house and a fine carved chimneypiece with elaborate coat of arms and crowned supporters inscribed below Holophernes and Judith with the date 1585. In the entrance hall there is elaborate 18th century plasterwork, with a medallion of Charles I dated 1735. There is a mid 18th century open staircase.<ref name=ref1/>
-Shortly after purchasing the house in 1704, Nicholas Trist enlarged it by adding ranges to cover two sides of the original building, but probably retaining part of a north cross wing as well as the 'Giles' [[Tudor]] hall. Any previous structure to the south of this hall has been obliterated by Trist's additions. Initially, after the Trists added the south to west ranges, the 'Giles' hall may have been used as a servants' dining room or hall, while the principal dining room was in the new south range at the southeast corner.
+==Ownership==
-The detached kitchen arrangement was clearly discontinued later in the 18th century. The brick arcaded passage was blocked off, and the 'Giles' hall became the main kitchen, with ovens and a massive chimney being added to the west side.
+:'''[[John Giles (died 1553)|John Giles]]''' (or Gyles, or Gylles) MP (c.1487-1553) to son
-In about 1800 Bowden was bought by the Adams family and, among other things, much work was done to the roofs during their ownership, which lasted until 1887. The ceiling in the 18th century south entrance hall carries a shield of arms of 'Adams of Bowden'. Pevsner comments upon this room: '...one of the few examples in the country of an essay in Baroque taste, the details rather better than the sum of the parts, as seen so often in provincial work. An early C18 date seems likely for most of the decoration, although some of the embellishments may be later, among them the arms of the Adam family, owners of the house from c. 1800, which appear on the ceiling.'<ref>{{cite book |last1=Pevsner |first1=Nikolaus |title=The Buildings of England: South Devon |date=1952 |publisher=Penguin Books |url=https://books.google.fr/books/about/The_Buildings_of_England_South_Devon.html?id=GhfqAAAAMAAJ |access-date=7 June 2021}}</ref>
-'''External Elevations'''
-The south and west fronts of Bowden House are of two storeys with sash windows and hipped slate roofs behind parapets. These ranges were added in the early 18th century. Each elevation is a symmetrical composition. Although differing in length, each façade is divided into three parts by giant pilasters reaching from plinth to parapet cornice.
-The main walling is of squared and coursed [[Devonian]] limestone rubble, and the details at plinth, first-floor {{not a typo|Platt band}} and moulded cornice are in ashlar. The pilasters are a bluish-grey limestone with a red limestone frieze, punctuated centrally above each window with a grey block. The wall panels between the pilasters are infilled with a deliberate mix of grey and red limestone. Further red bands are added at first floor level to the outer parts.  All windows are eighteen-pane sashes in moulded ashlar surrounds.
-North of the 'Giles' hall the walling continues in stone rubble for three storeys with a pair of openings to each floor, now mainly modern wood casements under brick arches.
-The east side of the inner court is covered by a two-storey building which may have originally been a detached kitchen. To this building a brick upper storey was added in the 18th century, perforated by pigeon holes in the west side and south gable end. It was presumably converted to a stable range with lofts over in the time of the Trist's additions to the main house, and was altered again to form two cottages circa 1970.
-'''The Roofs'''
-Over the 18th century additions there are intersecting hipped slated roofs and leaded valleys, but the central late-medieval hall and service rooms have been re-roofed and raised completely in the late 18th or 19th centuries. This area of roof gives little indication externally of the divisions within the building beneath. The roof over the SE range has two parallel pitches with a central valley gutter draining to the east and west. The ridges of these two roofs are supported not by the normal trussed rafters, but centrally, parallel to and beneath the ridge, by an early form of lattice girder in timber. This has raking struts rising from each side of the lowest member of the girder, a tie beam, to support the purlins, and normal raftering. This method would seem to have been used in order to maintain a low roof profile over a wide span without having to recourse to a wholly leaded roof.{{Citation needed|date=June 2021}}
-==Descent==
-Bowden House List of Descent
-:'''Reginald de Brieuse''' (or de Braose) (c.1154)
-:'''John Giles''' (or Gyles, or Gylles) MP (c.1487-1552/3) to son
 ::'''William Giles''' (c.1507-1581) to son
-:::'''John Giles''' MP (d. 1606) to son
+:::'''[[John Giles (died 1606)|John Giles]]''' MP (d. 1606) to son
-::::Sir '''Edward Giles''' MP (1566-1637) to first cousin
+::::Sir '''[[Edward Giles]]''' MP (1566-1637) to first cousin
 :::::'''Richard Giles''' (1581-1648) to son
 ::::::'''John Giles''' (d. 1676) to kinswoman
-:::::::'''Mary''', wife of Sir Richard Gipps, who sold 1704 to
+:::::::'''[[Richard_Gipps#Marriage_and_children|Mary]]''', wife of Sir [[Richard Gipps]], who sold 1704 to
 :'''Nicholas Trist''' (1668-1741) to son
 ::'''Browse Trist''' (c.1699-1777) to son
 :::'''Hore Browse Trist''' (c.1736-80) to brother
 ::::Rev. '''Browse Trist''' (c.1742-91) to three daughters, who sold c.1800 to
-:'''William Adams''' MP (1752-1811) to son
+:'''[[William Adams (1752–1811)|William Adams]]''' MP (1752-1811) to son
 ::'''William Dacres Adams''' (1775-1862) to son
 :::Rev. '''Dacres Adams''' (1806-71) to son
 ::::'''William Fulford Adams''' (1833-1912) who sold 1887 to
-:Sir '''Mortimer Singer''' (d. 1929) who sold 1895 to
+:Sir '''[[Mortimer Singer]]''' (d. 1929) who sold 1895 to
 :The '''Harvey''' family who sold c.1914 to
 :'''Montague Bush''' who sold to
 :'''Robert William Campbell-Davidson''' (fl. 1923) ca. 1920 let to
-::Col. '''Partridge''', requisitioned for use by US Army in WW2
+::Col. '''Partridge''', requisitioned for use by US Army in WW2, used as special school, then sold c. 1965 to
-::used as special school, then sold c. 1965 to
 :'''Ayles''' family, who sold in 1976 to
 :'''Christopher & Belinda Petersen''', who sold in 2000 to
 :Mrs. & Mr. '''R. Taylor''', who sold in 2005 to
 :'''Jan Mosbacher''', who sold in 2014 to
-:The '''Bowden Housing Cooperative'''.
+:The '''Bowden Housing Cooperative Ltd'''.
+The Bowden House Community, who are the present owners and residents of the building, are a [[cohousing]] ''"group of families and individuals developing conscious, authentic and eco-mindful living within a culture of singing, working, eating, gardening, celebrating and learning together"''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bowdenhouse.co.uk/about/4586305018# |title=Bowden House Community website |access-date=2015-04-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417174601/http://www.bowdenhouse.co.uk/about/4586305018# |archive-date=2015-04-17 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Bowden House is owned by the Bowden Housing Cooperative Ltd., which is in turn the joint property of its residents.
-===Juhel/Vautort===
-Bowden is not mentioned in the [[Domesday Book]] of 1086, but it is thought to have been within the large royal manor of [[Chillington, Devon|Chillington]]. A part of this manor was Harberton, granted by [[Henry I of England|King Henry I]] to Roger de Nonant. It later became the ''[[caput]]'' of the feudal barony of Harberton whose barons were the Vautort family. The Barony of Harberton received half of the lands stripped by the king from [[Juhel de Totnes]] (died 1123/30), first [[feudal barony of Totnes|feudal baron of Totnes]], before he became [[feudal baron of Barnstaple]]. Amongst the holdings of the barony of Harberton was ''Bothon, Bodeton, Boghedon'' (Bowden).<ref>Thorn & Thorn, part 2 (notes), Chapter 1, entry 34</ref>
-===de Bowden===
-In 1314 Bowden was [[Feudal land tenure in England|held]] from the feudal baron [[overlord]] by John ''de Bowdon'',<ref>Pole, p.293, [[Regnal date]] 8 Edward II</ref> whose family took their name from the estate.
-===Pomeroy===
-[[File:PomeroyArms.svg|thumb|200px|Arms of de la Pomeroy, feudal barons of Berry Pomeroy, Devon: ''Or, a lion rampant gardant gules armed and langued azure within a bordure engrailed sable'']]
-The de la Pomeroy family were [[Feudal barony of Berry Pomeroy|feudal barons of Berry Pomeroy]],<ref>Sanders, I.J. English Baronies: A Study of their Origin and Descent 1086-1327, Oxford, 1960, p.106</ref> seated at [[Berry Pomeroy Castle]] near Totnes, built by ''Radulfus de Pomerei'' (Ralph de Pomeroy), from La Pommeraye, Calvados, Normandy,<ref>Sanders, p.106, note 9</ref> listed in the [[Domesday Book]] of 1086 as holding ''Berie''<ref>Thorn, Caroline & Frank, (eds.) Domesday Book, (Morris, John, gen.ed.) Vol. 9, Devon, Parts 1 & 2, Phillimore Press, Chichester, 1985, part 1, chapter 34, entry 48</ref> in [[demesne]] with 57 other manors.
-* Henry IX de la Pomeroy (1416–1481), whose second wife was Anna (or Amy) Cammel, daughter of Robert Cammel of Tittleford, Dorset, and widow firstly of Henry Barrett of Whiteparish, Wiltshire<ref name=V607>Vivian, p.607 pedigree of Pomeroy</ref> and secondly of Thomas Gyll of Loddiswell, Devon. ''"A succession of records suggest that she brought Bowden to the Pomeroy's, along with 3 generations of chancery suits brought by the Gyll heirs"''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://sites.google.com/site/pomeroyconnections/bowden-in-totnes-notes |title=See |access-date=2015-04-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150422062833/https://sites.google.com/site/pomeroyconnections/bowden-in-totnes-notes |archive-date=2015-04-22 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
-* Thomas Pomeroy (died 1493), 3rd son by his father's first wife Alice Raleigh.<ref name=V607 /> He was in possession of Bowden after 1487.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://sites.google.com/site/pomeroyconnections/bowden-in-totnes-notes |title=See Pomeroy Connections website |access-date=2015-04-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150422062833/https://sites.google.com/site/pomeroyconnections/bowden-in-totnes-notes |archive-date=2015-04-22 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 1491 he entered into a bond summarised as follows:<ref>1491 deed: Devon Heritage Centre (South West Heritage Trust) 312M/TY120 [http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/rd/0efb28fd-19a1-4f78-8e42-d69f5c86db29]</ref>
-::''Thomas Pomerey de Bowden, Esq., to William, Prior of Tottenesse and Convent. In £100. To abide the arbitration of Richard Lord Bishop of Exeter on all causes depending between them.''
-:He married Agnes Kelloway (died 1518), great-grand-daughter of his step-mother Anna Cammell, and daughter of John Kelloway, son of John Kelloway of Sherborne, Dorset, by his wife Johanna Barrett, daughter of Henry Barrett of Whiteparish, Wiltshire, by his wife Anna Cammell.<ref name=V607 /> In 1478 John Kelloway settled various lands on his daughter Agnes and her husband Thomas Pomeroy.<ref name=V607 /> The [[Inquisition post mortem]] of Agnes states her to have died seized of Bowden Manor in Totnes Magna.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://sites.google.com/site/pomeroyconnections/bowden-in-totnes-notes |title=Text see Henry VIII Series II. Vol. 34 (65) Inquisitions post Mortem |access-date=2015-04-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150422062833/https://sites.google.com/site/pomeroyconnections/bowden-in-totnes-notes |archive-date=2015-04-22 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
-* Richard Pomeroy (fl.1531) of Bowden and of Rousdon, Devon, son and heir, who married Eleanor Coker, daughter of John Coker of [[Mappowder]] ("Maypowder"), Dorset.<ref name=V607 /> An heraldic escutcheon showing the arms of Pomeroy impaling Coker (''Argent, on a bend gules three leopard's faces or'') existed at one time in Bowden House, as recorded in a [[Roll of Arms]] made by Sir George Carew.<ref>Sir George Carew's Roll of Arms, number 625: ''Ar. on a bend g. 3 leops' faces de or. This coate standeth impaled with Pomeroye in Bowden House by the name of Cauker. (Cawker, Coker. This is Mr. Gyles his house at Bowden, impalled with POMEROY by the name of Cawker, q. by the Ea. of Hartford''[https://sites.google.com/site/pomeroyconnections/bowden-in-totnes-notes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150422062833/https://sites.google.com/site/pomeroyconnections/bowden-in-totnes-notes |date=2015-04-22 }}. Possibly George Carew, 1st Earl of Totnes (died 1629), noted as an antiquarian</ref> Richard Pomeroy had a son Henry Pomeroy, who married Agnes Huckmore, daughter and heiress of William Huckmore. The marriage settlement commences: "in consideration of a marriage to be had, celebrated and solemnized between Henry Pomerey, son and heir apparent of Richard Pomerey of Bowdon, esquire, and Agnes, daughter of the said William Hokemore".<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://sites.google.com/site/pomeroyconnections/bowden-in-totnes-notes |title=Quoted in the inquisition post mortem of William Huckmore |access-date=2015-04-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150422062833/https://sites.google.com/site/pomeroyconnections/bowden-in-totnes-notes |archive-date=2015-04-22 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Richard Pomeroy sold Bowden to John Giles (died 1552/3) of Totnes and his son William Giles.
-===Giles===
-[[File:GilesArms.png|thumb|Arms of Giles: ''Per chevron argent and azure, a lion rampant counterchanged collared or''<ref>[[John Lambrick Vivian|Vivian, Lt.Col. J.L.]], (Ed.) The Visitations of the County of Devon: Comprising the  [[Heraldic visitation|Heralds' Visitations]] of 1531, 1564 & 1620, Exeter, 1895, p.409</ref>]]
-* John Giles (died 1552/53), who in 1542 with his son William, purchased from Francis Knollys for the sum of £800 the manor of Ashprington. Also with William in 1543 he purchased from Richard Pomeroy premises in ''Magna Totnes'', Bowden in Totnes, Tybecombe, & Asprington. The purchase was not without legal difficulties as at some time between 1544–51, with his son William and with Richard Pomeroy, he brought a lawsuit in Chancery against "Nicholas the grandson & heir of John Carsewell, Esq, & William Webber (Webster) his father-in-law, 'a grete captayne and rebell in the late commocyon in the weste partyes', for detention & forgery of Deeds relating to messuages & lands called Bowden".<ref>National Archives, Kew, ref:C 1/1253/33-43 [http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C7498414]; see [https://sites.google.com/site/pomeroyconnections/bowden-in-totnes-notes] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150422062833/https://sites.google.com/site/pomeroyconnections/bowden-in-totnes-notes |date=2015-04-22 }}</ref> He was a merchant in Totnes, a Mercer and Merchant Stapler, reputed to have been the wealthiest man in Devon in his time. He was Mayor of Totnes in 1517-18 and in 1529 was elected the first [[Member of Parliament]] for the Borough of Totnes.<ref>[http://pigott-gorrie.blogspot.co.uk/2012/06/giles-family-of-totnes-in-devon.html See]</ref> He married Ellinor Towkerman.<ref name=V409>Vivian, p.409</ref>
-* William Giles of Totnes, who together with his father purchased the estate.<ref>Pole, p.293, who makes no reference to his father</ref> He married Joane Blackall, daughter of John Blackall (''alias'' Blackaller) of Totnes.<ref name=V409 />
-* John Giles (died 1606), son, who married Agnes Stucley, a daughter of Sir [[Hugh Stucley]] (1496–1559) of [[Manor of Affeton|Affeton]], Devon,<ref name="Pole, p.293">Pole, p.293</ref> [[Sheriff of Devon]] in 1545.<ref>Vivian, p.721, pedigree of Stucley</ref> He purchased the adjoining estate of [[Sharpham, Ashprington|Sharpham]] also in the parish of Ashprington, from Edward Drewe.<ref>Risdon, p.167; [[Todd Gray (Devon Historian)|Gray, Todd]] & Rowe, Margery (Eds.), ''Travels in Georgian Devon: The Illustrated Journals of The Reverend [[John Swete]]'', 1789-1800, 4 vols., Tiverton, 1999, Vol.4, p.103</ref> He was buried at nearby [[Dean Prior]], Devon.<ref name=V409 />
-* Sir [[Edward Giles]] (1566–1637), son, MP for Totnes, of Dean Court, [[Dean Prior]], Devon, possessor of Bowden at the time of the writing of the manuscript on the history of Devon by Sir [[William Pole (antiquary)|William Pole]] (died 1635).<ref name="Pole, p.293"/> He was knighted in 1603 and married Mary Drewe, daughter and heiress of Edmond Drewe of Hayne, [[Newton St Cyres]], near Crediton, Devon, and widow of Walter Northcote (1566–1587), younger brother of John Northcote (1570–1632) of Uton and Hayne, Newton St Cyres, the latter who was ancestor of the [[Northcote Baronets]] and the [[Earl of Iddesleigh|Earls of Iddesleigh]]. He died without children and was buried in St George's Church, Dean Prior,<ref name=V409 /> where survives his monument erected in 1642.<ref>Pevsner, p.333</ref>
-* Richard Giles (1581–1648), first cousin, son of William Giles (died 1581), 2nd son of William Giles and Joane Blackall. He married Dorothy Carew (died 1662), daughter of "Peter Carew",<ref name=V409 /> possibly Peter Carew of [[Bickleigh Castle]], near [[Tiverton, Devon]].<ref>Vivian, p.136, Peter Carew of Bickleigh by his wife Elizabeth Chudleigh had a daughter named Dorothy, whose brother Sir Henry Carew was born in 1599</ref>
-* Peter Giles (died 1653), son, who died unmarried.<ref name=V409 />
-* Edward Giles (died 1669), younger brother, who married Mary Burthogg (sister of [[Richard Burthogge]] (1637/38–1705) of Devon, a physician, magistrate and philosopher), by whom he had a daughter Elizabeth Giles (died 1663/64), who predeceased him<ref name=V409 /> and another daughter and sole heiress Mary Giles who survived him, the wife of Sir Richard Gipps (1659–1708), Knight, of Suffolk.<ref name="Risdon, 1810 Additions, p.380">Risdon, 1810 Additions, p.380</ref>
-===Gipps===
-* Sir [[Richard Gipps]] (1659–1708) of [[Great Whelnetham]], [[Suffolk]], was [[Master of the Revels]] at [[Gray's Inn]] and a historian of the county of Suffolk. In 1704 he sold Bowden to Nicholas Trist (1668–1741).<ref name="NK"/>
-===Trist===
-The Trist family owned Bowden for several generations<ref>Risdon, 1810 Additions, p.380; Pevsner, p.195</ref> until about 1800.<ref name="Pevsner, p.195">Pevsner, p.195</ref>
-* Nicholas Trist (1668–1741), who in 1704 purchased Bowden from Sir Richard Gipps.<ref name="NK"/> In 1722 Nicholas Trist effected major alterations to the mansion house, which produced the surviving Georgian east and south fronts.<ref name="Pevsner, p.195"/>
-* Browse Trist (c. 1699 – 1777), son<ref name="NK"/>
-* Hore Browse Trist (c.1736-80), son<ref name="NK"/>
-* Rev. Browse Trist (c.1742-91), brother, who died leaving three daughters as his co-heiresses, who in about 1800 sold Bowden to William Adams (1752–1811), MP.<ref name="NK"/>
-===Adams===
-[[File:AdamsOfTunstallDevonArms.PNG|thumb|200px|Arms of Adams of Tunstall: ''Or, a lion rampant<ref>lion rampant ''gules'' per Burke, 1838, p.444, ''sable'' per Vivian, p.9</ref> between six cross crosslets within a bordure engrailed sable''<ref> Vivian, p.9</ref>]]
-* [[William Adams (1752–1811)|William Adams]] (1752–1811). Bowden was acquired in about 1800<ref name="Pevsner, p.195"/> from the Trist family by the merchant [[William Adams (1752–1811)|William Adams]] (1752–1811), MP for [[Plympton Erle (UK Parliament constituency)|Plympton Erle]] (1796–1801) and for [[Totnes (UK Parliament constituency)|Totnes]] (1801–1811),<ref>[[History of Parliament]] biography [http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1790-1820/member/adams-william-1752-1811]</ref> who made it his seat.<ref name="Risdon, 1810 Additions, p.380"/> He was the eldest son of William Adams of Totnes by his wife Mary Chadder, daughter of William Chadder. In 1774 he married Anna Maria Dacres, daughter of Richard Dacres of Leatherhead, Surrey, by whom he has 2 sons and 2 daughters.<ref name="ReferenceA">[[History of Parliament]] biography</ref> He was made a freeman of Totnes in 1779, of which borough he was three times elected mayor, and was appointed to the honourable position of recorder in 1807. He was probably a partner in the Totnes General Bank of Adams and Company.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> The armorials of Adams appear in the plasterwork of the main reception room of the east front.<ref name="Pevsner, p.195"/> He was descended from the same family origin as [[Nicholas Adams (died 1584)|Nicholas Adams]] (died 1584) of [[Townstal]] (''alias'' Tunstall), [[Dartmouth, Devon]], [[Member of Parliament]] for [[West Looe (UK Parliament constituency)|West Looe]] 1547, and four times for [[Dartmouth (UK Parliament constituency)|Dartmouth]], twice in 1553, and twice in 1554. Nicholas Adams was from an ancient Somerset family formerly seated at Charlton Adam, 4 miles north of [[Ilchester]].<ref>Burke, 1838, pp. 434–4, ''Adams of Bowden''</ref><ref>Vivian, p.9, pedigree of Adams of Tunstall</ref>
-[[File:WilliamDacresAdams (1775-1862) BySirThomasLawrence.JPG|thumb|William Dacres Adams (1775–1862), portrait by his friend Sir [[Thomas Lawrence]] (1769–1830). Berger Collection]]
-* William Dacres Adams (1775–1862), eldest son and heir, Private Secretary to two Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom, namely Pitt the Younger, 1804–06 and the Duke of Portland, 1807-09. He was [[Commissioners of Woods and Forests|Commissioner of Woods and Forests]] (1811–1834). He married the daughter and heiress of Mayow Wynell Mayow (died 1807) of [[Mayow Park|Old House, Sydenham]], Kent. He inherited from his wife the Old House estate which he made his seat. He allowed Bowden to be occupied by his younger brother, Lt-Gen. Sir George Pownall Adams (1779–1856) during his lifetime.<ref name=NK>[http://landedfamilies.blogspot.co.uk/2013/04/30-adams-of-bowden-house-totnes-and-old.html Nick Kingsley, landedfamilies.blogspot.co.uk]</ref>
-* Rev. Dacres Adams (1806–71), eldest surviving son and heir.<ref name="NK"/>
-* Rev. William Fulford Adams (1833–1912), son, who in 1887 sold Bowden to Sir Mortimer Singer (died 1929)<ref name=NK />
-===Singer===
-* Sir [[Adam Mortimer Singer]] (1863–1929), who purchased Bowden in 1887, was the eldest son of the American [[Isaac Merritt Singer]], founder of the [[Singer Sewing Machine Company]], the latter who in 1873 built [[Oldway Mansion|Oldway House]] in [[Paignton]], Devon, later greatly expanded by his son and Sir Adam Mortimer's brother, Paris Singer, in imitation of the [[Palace of Versailles]].<ref>Pevsner, p.839</ref>
-===Descent c.1914-1990===
-In about 1914 Bowden was purchased by Montague Bush, who sold it to Robert William Campbell-Davidson (fl. 1923). In the [[Second World War]] it was requisitioned for use by the US Army, and was later used as a special school. In the ca. 1965 it was purchased by Ayles family who in 1976 sold it to Christopher and Belinda Petersen, who sold in 2000 to Mrs & Mr R. Taylor; sold 2005 to Jan Mosbacher; who sold in 2014 to Bowden Housing Cooperative.<ref name="NK"/>
-===Bowden House Community===
-Bowden House Community, present day owner and occupier of the Bowden Estate, is a ''"group of families and individuals developing conscious, authentic and eco-mindful living within a culture of singing, working, eating, gardening, celebrating and learning together"''.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.bowdenhouse.co.uk/about/4586305018# |title=Bowden House Community website |access-date=2015-04-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150417174601/http://www.bowdenhouse.co.uk/about/4586305018# |archive-date=2015-04-17 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
-As part of this community Bowden House itself is owned by the Bowden Housing Cooperative Ltd. and is shared by its residents.
 ==References==
-{{reflist|30em}}
+{{reflist}}
 ==Sources==
-* [[John Burke (genealogist)|Burke, John]], ''Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland Enjoying Territorial Possessions or High Official Rank but Uninvested with Heritable Honours'', 4 volumes (1833–1838),  Vol. 4, ("Small Paper Edition"), London, 1838, [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=VxdVAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA443 pp.&nbsp;434–4, ''Adams of Bowden'']
+* [[John Burke (genealogist)|Burke, John]], ''Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland Enjoying Territorial Possessions or High Official Rank but Uninvested with Heritable Honours'', 4 volumes (1833–1838),  Vol. 4, ("Small Paper Edition"), London, 1838, [https://books.google.com/books?id=VxdVAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA443 pp.&nbsp;434–4, ''Adams of Bowden'']
 * [[Nikolaus Pevsner|Pevsner, Nikolaus]] & Cherry, Bridget, ''The Buildings of England: Devon'', London, 2004, pp.&nbsp;195–6, ''Bowden House''
 * [[William Pole (antiquary)|Pole, Sir William]] (died 1635), ''Collections Towards a Description of the County of Devon'', Sir John-William de la Pole (ed.), London, 1791, p.&nbsp;293, ''Bowedon''
 * [[Tristram Risdon|Risdon, Tristram]] (died 1640), ''Survey of Devon'', 1811 edition, London, 1811, with 1810 Additions, p.&nbsp;166, Bowden, Ashprington
 * [[John Lambrick Vivian|Vivian, Lt.Col. J.L.]], (Ed.) ''The Visitations of the County of Devon: Comprising the Heralds' Visitations of 1531, 1564 & 1620'', Exeter, 1895, p.&nbsp;409, pedigree of Giles of Bowden
-{{coord|50.4172|-3.6884|type:landmark_region:GB|display=title}}
 [[Category:Historic estates in Devon]]
 [[Category:Country houses in Devon]]
-[[Category:Grade I listed buildings in Devon]]
+[[Category:Grade I listed houses in Devon]]