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Light writing is an emerging form of stop motion animation wherein still images captured using the technique known as light painting or light drawing are put in sequence thereby creating the optical illusion of movement for the viewer.^[3]

Technique

By sequencing stills taken with 4–30 second exposure as lights are moved in and through the frame this effect creates the optical illusion that the light is moving. Pans, tilts, and most other motion camera techniques can be applied with standard stop motion approaches. The most common technique is to capture multiple second exposures of light moving from one point to another in the frame. As the sequence is built the beginning and ending points of the lights motion can be moved along a given path. When the pictures are put in sequence the light seems to move with classic stop motion. Most commonly, all of the work is done in camera at practical (real world, not a studio) locations. The stills can be taken with a digital camera or film camera.

Light writing is most akin to another form of stop motion animation known as direct manipulation animation. The technique is also reminiscent of the slitscan process already used in the 1960s.

Recent history

Though the technique was employed almost one hundred years ago by Pablo Picasso it has only recently been used for mainstream advertisements.^[4] Awareness of light writing was raised when Sprint Nextel unveiled an ad campaign featuring the effect in the summer of 2007.^[5]

Notes

^ Mann, S. (2014, June). The Sightfield: Visualizing Computer Vision, and Seeing Its Capacity to" See". In Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW), 2014 IEEE Conference on (pp. 618–623). IEEE.
^ Mann, S., Janzen, R., Ai, T., Yasrebi, S. N., Kawwa, J., & Ali, M. A. (2014). Toposculpting: Computational lightpainting and wearable computational photography for abakographic user interfaces. EYE, 3, P3.
^ Russell, Aaron. "cleaning up graffiti with time lapse photography". Archived from the original on 2007-10-11. Retrieved 2007-10-11. Flickr user, lichtfaktor calls himself a Lightwriter and creates stunning photography by setting his camera to over-expose and 'painting' various lights into the shot.
^ "Painting with Light". Computer Arts. Retrieved 2007-10-14. inspiration...comes from a photograph taken of Picasso in 1924.
^ Ozler, Levent (23 July 2007). "Sprint Races Ahead at the Speed of Light with Help from Brickyard VFX". Dexigner. Retrieved 2007-10-13. The spot, shot entirely in-camera, was created from a series of still images linked together to achieve a live action effect.

External links

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[1] Mann, S. (2014, June). The Sightfield: Visualizing Computer Vision, and Seeing Its Capacity to" See". In Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW), 2014 IEEE Conference on (pp. 618–623). IEEE.

[2] Mann, S., Janzen, R., Ai, T., Yasrebi, S. N., Kawwa, J., & Ali, M. A. (2014). Toposculpting: Computational lightpainting and wearable computational photography for abakographic user interfaces. EYE, 3, P3.

[3] Russell, Aaron. "cleaning up graffiti with time lapse photography". Archived from the original on 2007-10-11. Retrieved 2007-10-11. Flickr user, lichtfaktor calls himself a Lightwriter and creates stunning photography by setting his camera to over-expose and 'painting' various lights into the shot.

[4] "Painting with Light". Computer Arts. Retrieved 2007-10-14. inspiration...comes from a photograph taken of Picasso in 1924.

[5] Ozler, Levent (23 July 2007). "Sprint Races Ahead at the Speed of Light with Help from Brickyard VFX". Dexigner. Retrieved 2007-10-13. The spot, shot entirely in-camera, was created from a series of still images linked together to achieve a live action effect.

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+{{Short description|Stop motion animation}}
-'''Light writing''' is an emerging form of [[stop motion]] [[animation]] wherein still images captured using the technique known as [[light painting]] or light drawing are put in [[sequence]] thereby creating the [[optical illusion]] of movement for the viewer.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.milienzo.com/2007/07/04/cleaning-up-graffiti-with-time-lapsed-photography/ |title=cleaning up graffiti with time lapse photography | quote=Flickr user, lichtfaktor calls himself a Lightwriter and creates stunning photography by setting his camera to over-expose and ‘painting’ various lights into the shot. | first=Aaron |last=Russell |accessdate=2007-10-11}}</ref>
+[[File:Darkpainting Sightpainting Surveillance and Sousveillance.gif|thumb|right|200px|''Surveilluminescence'' Illustrating the concept of long-exposure photography to make [[surveillance]] camera's sight field, and camera phone's sightfield (two intersecting time-reversed lightfields)<ref>Mann, S. (2014, June). The Sightfield: Visualizing Computer Vision, and Seeing Its Capacity to" See". In Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops (CVPRW), 2014 IEEE Conference on (pp. 618–623). IEEE.</ref> visible]]
+[[File:JayseHansen long-exposure abakographic portrait.gif|thumb|right|200px|''Spaceglasses'' Illustrating the concept of abakography: long-exposure photography as a 3D gesture-based user-interface within the [[augmented reality]] environment of the Meta [[Spaceglasses]]<ref>Mann, S., Janzen, R., Ai, T., Yasrebi, S. N., Kawwa, J., & Ali, M. A. (2014). Toposculpting: Computational lightpainting and wearable computational photography for abakographic user interfaces. EYE, 3, P3.</ref>]]
+'''Light writing''' is an emerging form of [[stop motion]] [[animation]] wherein still images captured using the technique known as [[light painting]] or light drawing are put in [[sequence]] thereby creating the [[optical illusion]] of movement for the viewer.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.milienzo.com/2007/07/04/cleaning-up-graffiti-with-time-lapsed-photography/ |title=cleaning up graffiti with time lapse photography |quote=Flickr user, lichtfaktor calls himself a Lightwriter and creates stunning photography by setting his camera to over-expose and ‘painting’ various lights into the shot. |first=Aaron |last=Russell |accessdate=2007-10-11 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011144926/http://www.milienzo.com/2007/07/04/cleaning-up-graffiti-with-time-lapsed-photography/ |archivedate=2007-10-11 }}</ref>
 == Technique ==
-By sequencing stills taken with 4-30 second [[exposure (photography)|exposure]] as lights are moved in and through the frame this effect creates the [[optical illusion]] that the light is moving. Zooms, pans, tilts, and most other motion camera techniques can be applied with standard [[stop motion]] approaches. The most common technique is to capture multiple second exposures of light moving from one point to another in the frame. As the sequence is built the beginning and ending points of the lights motion can be moved along a given path. When the pictures are put in sequence the light seems to move with classic [[stop motion]] jitter. Most commonly, all of the work is done [[in camera]] at practical (real world, not a [[studio]]) locations.
+By sequencing stills taken with 4–30 second [[exposure (photography)|exposure]] as lights are moved in and through the frame this effect creates the [[optical illusion]] that the light is moving. Pans, tilts, and most other motion camera techniques can be applied with standard [[stop motion ]]approaches. The most common technique is to capture multiple second exposures of light moving from one point to another in the frame. As the sequence is built the beginning and ending points of the lights motion can be moved along a given path. When the pictures are put in sequence the light seems to move with classic [[stop motion]]. Most commonly, all of the work is done [[in camera]] at practical (real world, not a [[studio]]) locations. The stills can be taken with a [[digital camera]] or [[film camera]].
-Light writing is most akin to another form of [[stop motion]] [[animation]] known as [[direct manipulation animation]].
+Light writing is most akin to another form of [[stop motion]] [[animation]] known as [[direct manipulation animation]]. The technique is also reminiscent of the [[slitscan]] process already used in the 1960s.
-The stills can be taken with a [[digital camera]] or [[film camera]].
 == Recent history ==
-Though the technique was employed almost one hundred years ago by [[Pablo Picasso]] it has only recently been used for main stream advertisements.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.computerarts.co.uk/tutorials/2d__and__photoshop/painting_with_light |title=Painting with Light | quote=inspiration...comes from a photograph taken of Picasso in 1924. | work=Computer Arts |accessdate=2007-10-14}}</ref> Awareness of light writing was raised when [[Sprint Nextel]] unveiled an ad campaign featuring the effect in the summer of 2007.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dexigner.com/design_news/sprint-races-ahead-at-the-speed-of-light-with-brickyard-vfx.html |title=Sprint Races Ahead at the Speed of Light with Help from Brickyard VFX | quote=The spot, shot entirely in-camera, was created from a series of still images linked together to achieve a live action effect. | first=Levent |last=Ozler |accessdate=2007-10-13}}</ref>
+Though the technique was employed almost one hundred years ago by [[Pablo Picasso]] it has only recently been used for mainstream advertisements.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.computerarts.co.uk/tutorials/2d__and__photoshop/painting_with_light |title=Painting with Light | quote=inspiration...comes from a photograph taken of Picasso in 1924. | work=Computer Arts |accessdate=2007-10-14}}</ref> Awareness of light writing was raised when [[Sprint Nextel]] unveiled an ad campaign featuring the effect in the summer of 2007.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dexigner.com/news/11537|publisher=Dexigner |title=Sprint Races Ahead at the Speed of Light with Help from Brickyard VFX | quote=The spot, shot entirely in-camera, was created from a series of still images linked together to achieve a live action effect. | first=Levent |last=Ozler |date=23 July 2007 |accessdate=2007-10-13}}</ref>
 ==See also==
-*[[Persistence of vision]], a phenomenon which produces an effect in the brain that makes light writing "work".
+* [[Persistence of vision]], a phenomenon that retains light in the retina.
+* [[Beta movement]], the reason we perceive images in quick succession as smooth motion
+* [[Phi phenomenon]], another form of apparent motion
+{{portal bar|Animation|Film}}
 ==Notes==
@@ Line 18: / Line 24: @@
 ==External links==
-*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/cerebrum/sets/72157594416163286/ Photography by urban artist CyBr from Regina]
+* [https://www.flickr.com/photos/cerebrum/sets/72157594416163286/ Photography by urban artist CyBr from Regina]
-*[http://diaghe.com/participate/light-signature/ Diaghe lets Londoners have the opportunity to discover their own light writing signature]
+* [http://diaghe.com/participate/light-signature/ Diaghe lets Londoners have the opportunity to discover their own light writing signature]{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
-*[http://www.woostercollective.com/2007/06/lightwriting_with_lichtfaktor.html Wooster Collect9ve - a Celebration of Street Art]
+* [http://www.woostercollective.com/2007/06/lightwriting_with_lichtfaktor.html Wooster Collect9ve – a Celebration of Street Art]
-*[http://www.lightwriting.de Photography by urban artist Tofa from Berlin]
+* [http://www.lightwriting.de Photography by urban artist Tofa from Berlin]
-*[http://www.lichtfaktor.com/portfolio Lichtfaktors portfolio of Light Writing / Light Painting, Media Shows and Media Art]
+* [http://www.lichtfaktor.com/portfolio Lichtfaktors portfolio of Light Writing / Light Painting, Media Shows and Media Art]
-*[http://www.miam-photo.de miAm lightwriting duo from berlin]
+* [http://www.miam-photo.de miAm lightwriting duo from berlin]
-*[http://berglondon.com/blog/2010/09/14/magic-ipad-light-painting/ Light painting with the iPad]
+* [http://berglondon.com/blog/2010/09/14/magic-ipad-light-painting/ Light painting with the iPad]
 [[Category:Animation techniques]]
 [[Category:Stop motion]]
 [[Category:Photographic techniques]]
+{{animation-stub}}