São Gabriel-class cruiser: Difference between revisions

	São Gabriel
Class overview
Builders	Chantiers et Ateliers Augustin Normand, Le Havre
Operators	Portuguese Navy
Built	1897
In commission	1898–1924
Completed	2
Lost	1
Scrapped	1
General characteristics
Type	Protected cruiser
Displacement	1,743 long tons (1,771 t)
Length	73.78 m (242 ft 1 in)
Beam	10.82 m (35 ft 6 in)
Draught	4.34 m (14 ft 3 in)
Propulsion	4,000 shp (3,000 kW)
Speed	17.5 knots (32.4 km/h; 20.1 mph)
Complement	242 officers and enlisted
Armament	2 x 150 mm (6 in) guns; 2 x 120 mm (5 in) guns; 8 x 47 mm (2 in) guns; 2 x 37 mm (1 in) guns; 1 x 35 cm (14 in) torpedo tube;

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The São Gabriel class was a pair of protected cruisers that served in the Portuguese Navy. The two ships of the class, São Gabriel and São Rafael, were known as the "Angels" (Portuguese: Anjos).

The names of the cruisers were inspired by the Portuguese explorer Vasco Da Gama's twin command carracks (São Gabriel and São Rafael) that took part in the discovery of the sea route to India.^[1]

Background

The ships were ordered from the French shipyards in Le Havre as part of the Portuguese Navy's refit program at the end of the 19th century.^[2] They were the first Portuguese ships that were installed with a wireless telegraphy communications system, which São Gabriel later tested on 11 December 1909, as she steamed away from Lisbon at 1530 in the afternoon and established telegraphic contact with the radiotelegraph post in Vale de Zebro.^[2]

Service

As the 390th anniversary of Ferdinand Magellan's first circumnavigation voyage was approaching. The Minister of the Navy decided that São Gabriel would be sent around the globe on a solo cruise to mark the special occasion.^[3] She left on 11 December, the same day she tested out her newly fitted wireless communication technology, and returned home on 19 April 1911, stopping at 72 ports and travelling approximately 42,000 nautical miles (78,000 km; 48,000 mi). São Gabriel became the first modern Portuguese ship to complete a circumnavigation voyage.^[2]^[4]

While São Gabriel circumnavigated the world, her sister ship, São Rafael took an active part in fighting for the Republicans in the 5 October 1910 revolution by shelling the Terreiro do Paço and the Palácio das Necessidades.^[2] In 1911, while on patrol at the mouth of the Ave River she suffered ran aground, tearing out her bottom on the rocks. Only one casualty was sustained among the crew.^[5]

Ships in class


Name	Shipyard	Built	Commission	Fate
São Gabriel	Augustin Normand	1 January 1897	1898–1924	Sold for scrap, 1924
São Rafael	Augustin Normand	1 January 1897	1898–1911	Wrecked offshore, 1911

References

^ "Hemeroteca Digital – O Ocidente : revista ilustrada de Portugal e do estrangeiro". hemerotecadigital.cm-lisboa.pt. Retrieved 1 September 2023.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Portugal navy". laststandonzombieisland. 15 February 2023. Retrieved 1 September 2023.
^ Sousa, Maria (1987). "The voyage of the S. Gabriel, Portuguese Vessel, to Hawai'i in 1910". The Hawaiian Journal of History. 21: 77.
^ Basto, A.J Pinto (2018). Cruzador S. Gabriel, Viagem de Circumnavegação (in Portuguese) (Academia de Marinha ed.). ACD Print, S.A.
^ Tony, Allen (2018). "São Rafael (+1911)". Wrecksite. Retrieved 2 August 2023.

[1] "Hemeroteca Digital – O Ocidente : revista ilustrada de Portugal e do estrangeiro". hemerotecadigital.cm-lisboa.pt. Retrieved 1 September 2023.

[:0-2] "Portugal navy". laststandonzombieisland. 15 February 2023. Retrieved 1 September 2023.

[3] Sousa, Maria (1987). "The voyage of the S. Gabriel, Portuguese Vessel, to Hawai'i in 1910". The Hawaiian Journal of History. 21: 77.

[4] Basto, A.J Pinto (2018). Cruzador S. Gabriel, Viagem de Circumnavegação (in Portuguese) (Academia de Marinha ed.). ACD Print, S.A.

[5] Tony, Allen (2018). "São Rafael (+1911)". Wrecksite. Retrieved 2 August 2023.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Short description|Portuguese São Gabriel-class ships from the 20th century}}
+{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
 {|{{Infobox ship begin <!-- warship classes -->
 |infobox caption= <!-- keywords: yes, nodab; or caption text -->
@@ Line 58: / Line 59: @@
 The '''''São Gabriel'' class''' was a pair of [[protected cruiser]]s that served in the [[Portuguese Navy]]. The two ships of the class, ''São Gabriel'' and ''São Rafael'', were known as the "Angels" ([[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]: ''Anjos'').
-The names of the cruisers were inspired by the Portuguese explorer [[Vasco Da Gama]]'s twin command [[carrack]]s ({{ship||São Gabriel|ship|2}} and ''[[Sao Rafael|São Rafael]]'') that took part in the [[Portuguese discovery of the sea route to India|discovery of the sea route to India]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hemeroteca Digital - O Ocidente : revista ilustrada de Portugal e do estrangeiro |url=https://hemerotecadigital.cm-lisboa.pt/OBRAS/Ocidente/1900/N782/N782_item1/P4.html |access-date=2023-09-01 |website=hemerotecadigital.cm-lisboa.pt}}</ref>
+The names of the cruisers were inspired by the Portuguese explorer [[Vasco Da Gama]]'s twin command [[carrack]]s ({{ship||São Gabriel|ship|2}} and ''[[Sao Rafael|São Rafael]]'') that took part in the [[Portuguese discovery of the sea route to India|discovery of the sea route to India]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hemeroteca Digital – O Ocidente : revista ilustrada de Portugal e do estrangeiro |url=https://hemerotecadigital.cm-lisboa.pt/OBRAS/Ocidente/1900/N782/N782_item1/P4.html |access-date=2023-09-01 |website=hemerotecadigital.cm-lisboa.pt}}</ref>
 == Background ==
-The ships were ordered from the French shipyards in [[Le Havre]] as part of the Portuguese Navy's refit program at the end of the [[19th century]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2023-02-15 |title=Portugal navy |url=https://laststandonzombieisland.com/tag/portugal-navy/ |access-date=2023-09-01 |website=laststandonzombieisland }}</ref> They were the first Portuguese ships that were installed with a [[wireless telegraphy]] communications system, which ''São Gabriel'' later tested on 11 December 1909, as she steamed away from [[Lisbon]] at 1530 in the afternoon and established telegraphic contact with the radiotelegraph post in Vale de Zebro.<ref name=":0" />
+The ships were ordered from the French shipyards in [[Le Havre]] as part of the Portuguese Navy's refit program at the end of the 19th century.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=15 February 2023 |title=Portugal navy |url=https://laststandonzombieisland.com/tag/portugal-navy/ |access-date=2023-09-01 |website=laststandonzombieisland }}</ref> They were the first Portuguese ships that were installed with a [[wireless telegraphy]] communications system, which ''São Gabriel'' later tested on 11 December 1909, as she steamed away from [[Lisbon]] at 1530 in the afternoon and established telegraphic contact with the radiotelegraph post in Vale de Zebro.<ref name=":0" />
 == Service ==
 As the 390th anniversary of [[Ferdinand Magellan]]'s first [[circumnavigation]] voyage was approaching. The [[Navy Ministry (Portugal)|Minister of the Navy]] decided that ''São Gabriel'' would be sent around the globe on a solo cruise to mark the special occasion.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Sousa |first=Maria |date=1987 |title=The voyage of the S. Gabriel, Portuguese Vessel, to Hawai'i in 1910 |url=https://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/server/enwiki/api/core/bitstreams/7c67df33-ceaf-41c8-9be2-6f5fb82b1191/content |journal=The Hawaiian Journal of History |volume=21 |page=77}}</ref> She left on 11 December, the same day she tested out her newly fitted wireless communication technology, and returned home on 19 April 1911, stopping at 72 ports and travelling approximately {{convert|42000|nmi}}. ''São Gabriel'' became the first modern Portuguese ship to complete a circumnavigation voyage.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Basto |first=A.J Pinto |title=Cruzador S. Gabriel, Viagem de Circumnavegação |publisher=ACD Print, S.A. |year=2018 |edition=Academia de Marinha |language=PT}}</ref>
 [[File:Portuguese Cruiser São Gabriel visiting Capetown.webp|left|thumb|''São Gabriel'' visiting Capetown on her circumnavigation voyage|alt=São Gabriel visiting Capetown on her circumnavigation voyage]]
-While São Gabriel circumnavigated the world, her sister ship, ''São Rafael'' took an active part in fighting for the [[Portuguese Republican Party|Republicans]] in the [[5 October 1910 revolution]] by shelling the ''Terreiro do Paço'' and the ''Palácio das Necessidades''.<ref name=":0" /> In 1911, while on patrol at the mouth of the [[Ave River]] she suffered ran aground, tearing out her bottom on the rocks. Only one casualty was sustained amongst the crew.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tony |first=Allen |date=2018 |title=São Rafael (+1911) |url=https://www.wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?162537 |access-date=August 2, 2023 |website=Wrecksite}}</ref>
+While São Gabriel circumnavigated the world, her sister ship, ''São Rafael'' took an active part in fighting for the [[Portuguese Republican Party|Republicans]] in the [[5 October 1910 revolution]] by shelling the ''Terreiro do Paço'' and the ''Palácio das Necessidades''.<ref name=":0" /> In 1911, while on patrol at the mouth of the [[Ave River]] she suffered ran aground, tearing out her bottom on the rocks. Only one casualty was sustained among the crew.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tony |first=Allen |date=2018 |title=São Rafael (+1911) |url=https://www.wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?162537 |access-date=2 August 2023 |website=Wrecksite}}</ref>
 [[File:Portuguese Cruiser São Rafael wrecked offshore.webp|alt=São Rafael wrecked offshore at the mouth of the Ave River|left|thumb|''São Rafael'' wrecked offshore at the mouth of the Ave River]]
@@ Line 96: / Line 97: @@
 [[Category:Ships of the Portuguese Navy]]
+[[Category:Cruiser classes]]
+[[Category:Cruisers of Portugal]]