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{{Short description|Species of amphibian}}
<!-- This article was auto-generated by [[User:Polbot]]. -->
{{Speciesbox
{{Taxobox
| name = Atelophryniscus chrysophorus
| image =
| image =
| status = EN | status_system = IUCN3.1
| status = CR | status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 15 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group |date=2020 |title=''Rhinella chrysophora'' |volume=2020 |page=e.T54486A54358143 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T54486A54358143.en |access-date=15 November 2021}}</ref>
| regnum = [[Animalia]]
| taxon = Rhinella chrysophora
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
⚫
| authority = (McCranie, Wilson, and Williams, 1989)
| classis = [[Amphibia]]
| synonyms = ''Atelophryniscus chrysophorus'' <small>McCranie, Wilson, and Williams, 1989</small><ref name="McCranie et al. 1989"/><br />
| ordo = [[Anura]]
''Bufo chrysophorus'' <small>({{interlanguage link multi|James Randall McCranie|fr||lt=McCranie}}, Wilson, and Williams, 1989)</small><br />
| familia = [[Bufonidae]]
''Chaunus chrysophorus'' <small>(McCranie, Wilson, and Williams, 1989)</small>
| genus = ''[[Atelophryniscus]]''
| synonyms_ref = <ref name=Frost/>
| species = '''''A. chrysophorus'''''
}}
| binomial = ''Atelophryniscus chrysophorus''

⚫
| binomial_authority = McCranie, Wilson & Williams, 1989
'''''Rhinella chrysophora''''', sometimes known as the '''Rio Viejo toad''', is a species of [[toad]] in the family [[Bufonidae]]. It is [[endemic]] to the [[Cordillera Nombre de Dios]] on the Atlantic versant in north-central [[Honduras]].<ref name=Frost/>
| synonyms = }}

'''''Atelophryniscus chrysophorus''''' is a species of [[toad]] in the [[Bufonidae]] family.
==Description==
It is [[Endemism|endemic]] to [[Honduras]].
Based on the [[type series]] consisting of two adult males (including the [[holotype]]) and an adult female, males measure {{convert|33.6|-|37.4|mm|abbr=on}} and females {{convert|36.2|mm|abbr=on}} in [[snout–vent length]]. The [[parotoid gland]] is subtriangular. The fingers have no webbing whereas the toes are webbed. The [[Dorsum (anatomy)|dorsum]] is pale to dark lime green with olive brown blotching and pale lime green lateral or dorsolater stripes. There are rusty brick red pustules. The venter is pale blue-green, with dark chocolate brown mottling.<ref name="McCranie et al. 1989"/>
Its natural [[habitat]]s are subtropical or tropical moist [[montane]]s and [[river]]s.

It is threatened by [[habitat loss]].
The [[tadpole]]s are "gastromyzophorous",<ref name="McCranie et al. 1989"/> that is, torrent-adapted tadpoles that bear an abdominal sucker.<ref name=Inger66/> They resemble those of another bufonid genus, ''[[Atelopus]]'', although the adults are different. The suctorial disc is large, extending about three-fourths length of body. The coloration is black with gold markings. The largest tadpoles are about {{convert|26|mm|abbr=on}} in total length. A newly metamorphosed juvenile with a tail stub measured {{convert|9.2|mm|abbr=on}} in snout–vent length.<ref name="McCranie et al. 1989"/>

==Habitat and conservation==
Its natural [[habitat]]s are premontane and lower montane wet forests at elevations of {{convert|750|–|1760|m|abbr=on}} [[above sea level]].<ref name="iucn status 15 November 2021" /> The [[tadpole]]s develop in mountain streams, clinging to rocks and boulders.<ref name="iucn status 15 November 2021" /><ref name="McCranie et al. 1989"/> It is threatened by [[habitat loss]] caused by landslides and [[slash-and-burn]] agriculture. The range of the species include the [[Pico Bonito National Park]].<ref name="iucn status 15 November 2021" />

==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
* Cruz, G. & Wilson, L.D. 2004. [http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/details.php/54486/all Atelophryniscus chrysophorus]. [http://www.iucnredlist.org 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. ] Downloaded on 21 July 2007.
<ref name="McCranie et al. 1989">{{cite journal |last1=McCranie |first1=James R. |last2=Wilson |first2=Larry David |last3=Williams |first3=Kenneth L. |title=A new genus and species of toad (Anura: Bufonidae) with an extraordinary stream-adapted tadpole from northern Honduras |journal=Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas |date=1989 |volume=129 |pages=1–18 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/26262 }}</ref>

<ref name=Frost>{{cite web |url=http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Bufonidae/Rhinella/Rhinella-chrysophora |title=''Rhinella chrysophora'' (McCranie, Wilson, and Williams, 1989) |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2017 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |access-date=22 April 2017}}</ref>

<ref name=Inger66>{{cite journal|author=Inger, R.F.|year=1966|title=The systematics and zoogeography of the amphibia of Borneo |journal=Fieldiana Zoology |volume=52 |pages=1–402 |doi=10.5962/bhl.title.3147|doi-access=free |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/itempdf/21183 }}</ref>
}}


{{Taxonbar|from=Q28017499}}
{{Bufonidae-stub}}
[[Category:Atelophryniscus]]


[[Category:Rhinella|chrysophora]]
[[fr:Atelophryniscus chrysophorus]]
[[Category:Endemic fauna of Honduras]]
[[Category:Amphibians of Honduras]]
[[Category:Amphibians described in 1989]]
[[Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot]]

Latest revision as of 08:02, 19 December 2023

Rhinella chrysophora
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Bufonidae
Genus: Rhinella
Species:
R. chrysophora
Binomial name
Rhinella chrysophora
(McCranie, Wilson, and Williams, 1989)
Synonyms[3]

Atelophryniscus chrysophorus McCranie, Wilson, and Williams, 1989[2]
Bufo chrysophorus (McCranie [fr], Wilson, and Williams, 1989)
Chaunus chrysophorus (McCranie, Wilson, and Williams, 1989)

Rhinella chrysophora, sometimes known as the Rio Viejo toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the Cordillera Nombre de Dios on the Atlantic versant in north-central Honduras.[3]

Description

[edit]

Based on the type series consisting of two adult males (including the holotype) and an adult female, males measure 33.6–37.4 mm (1.32–1.47 in) and females 36.2 mm (1.43 in) in snout–vent length. The parotoid gland is subtriangular. The fingers have no webbing whereas the toes are webbed. The dorsum is pale to dark lime green with olive brown blotching and pale lime green lateral or dorsolater stripes. There are rusty brick red pustules. The venter is pale blue-green, with dark chocolate brown mottling.[2]

The tadpoles are "gastromyzophorous",[2] that is, torrent-adapted tadpoles that bear an abdominal sucker.[4] They resemble those of another bufonid genus, Atelopus, although the adults are different. The suctorial disc is large, extending about three-fourths length of body. The coloration is black with gold markings. The largest tadpoles are about 26 mm (1.0 in) in total length. A newly metamorphosed juvenile with a tail stub measured 9.2 mm (0.36 in) in snout–vent length.[2]

Habitat and conservation

[edit]

Its natural habitats are premontane and lower montane wet forests at elevations of 750–1,760 m (2,460–5,770 ft) above sea level.[1] The tadpoles develop in mountain streams, clinging to rocks and boulders.[1][2] It is threatened by habitat loss caused by landslides and slash-and-burn agriculture. The range of the species include the Pico Bonito National Park.[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2020). "Rhinella chrysophora". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T54486A54358143. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T54486A54358143.en. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c d e McCranie, James R.; Wilson, Larry David; Williams, Kenneth L. (1989). "A new genus and species of toad (Anura: Bufonidae) with an extraordinary stream-adapted tadpole from northern Honduras". Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas. 129: 1–18.
  3. ^ a b Frost, Darrel R. (2017). "Rhinella chrysophora (McCranie, Wilson, and Williams, 1989)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
  4. ^ Inger, R.F. (1966). "The systematics and zoogeography of the amphibia of Borneo". Fieldiana Zoology. 52: 1–402. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.3147.
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