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{{Short description|Polish single-seat glider, 1951}}
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
{|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin
{|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin
|name='''SZD-8 Jaskółka'''
|name=SZD-8 Jaskółka
|image=SZD8 Jaskolka.jpg
|image=SZD8 Jaskolka.jpg
|caption=SZD-8bis Jaskółka SP-1335 in the [[Polish Aviation Museum]]
|caption=SZD-8bis Jaskółka SP-1335 in the [[Polish Aviation Museum]]
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|manufacturer=[[Szybowcowy Zakład Doświadczalny|SZD]]
|manufacturer=[[Szybowcowy Zakład Doświadczalny|SZD]]
|designer=Tadeusz Kostia
|designer=Tadeusz Kostia
|first flight=21 September {{avyear|1951}}
|first flight=21 September 1951
|introduced=
|introduced=
|retired=
|retired=
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|number built=135
|number built=135
|developed from=
|developed from=
|variants with their own articles=[[SZD-14x Jaskółka M]]<br> [[SZD-17x Jaskółka L]]}}|}
|variants with their own articles=[[SZD-14x Jaskółka M]]<br> [[SZD-17x Jaskółka L]]}}
|}

The '''SZD-8 Jaskółka''' was a single-seat [[glider aircraft]] that was designed and built in [[Poland]] at ''[[Szybowcowy Zakład Doświadczalny]]'' (Glider Experimental Works) in [[Bielsko-Biała]] from 1951.
The '''SZD-8 Jaskółka''' was a single-seat [[glider aircraft]] that was designed and built in [[Poland]] at ''[[Szybowcowy Zakład Doświadczalny]]'' (Glider Experimental Works) in [[Bielsko-Biała]] from 1951.


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==Specifications (SZD-8bis Jaskółka Z)==
==Specifications (SZD-8bis Jaskółka Z)==
{{Aircraft specs
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=The World's Sailplanes:Die Segelflugzeuge der Welt:Les Planeurs du Monde<ref name=Shenstone>{{cite book|last=Shenstone|first=B.S.|title=The World's Sailplanes:Die Segelflugzeuge der Welt:Les Planeurs dans Le Monde|year=1958|publisher=Organisation Scientifique et Technique Internationale du Vol a Voile (OSTIV) and Schweizer Aero-Revue|location=Zurich|pages=124–128|edition=1st |author2=K.G. Wilkinson |author3=Peter Brooks|language=Primarily English with French and German}}</ref><ref name = Simons>{{cite book |last=Coates |first=Andrew |title=Jane's World Sailplanes & Motor Gliders |year=1980 |publisher=Jane's |location=London |isbn=0-7106-0017-8 |edition=2nd}}</ref>
|ref=''The World's Sailplanes:Die Segelflugzeuge der Welt:Les Planeurs du Monde'' <ref name=Shenstone>{{cite book|last=Shenstone|first=B.S.|title=The World's Sailplanes:Die Segelflugzeuge der Welt:Les Planeurs dans Le Monde|year=1958|publisher=Organisation Scientifique et Technique Internationale du Vol a Voile (OSTIV) and Schweizer Aero-Revue|location=Zurich|pages=124–128|edition=1st |author2=K.G. Wilkinson |author3=Peter Brooks|language=English, French, German}}</ref><ref name = Simons>{{cite book |last=Coates |first=Andrew |title=Jane's World Sailplanes & Motor Gliders |year=1980 |publisher=Jane's |location=London |isbn=0-7106-0017-8 |edition=2nd}}</ref>
|prime units?=met
|prime units?=met
<!--
<!--
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|never exceed speed kmh=250
|never exceed speed kmh=250
|never exceed speed note=<br/>
|never exceed speed note=<br/>
*'''Aerotow speed:''' {{convert|150|km/h|kn mph|abbr=on|1}}
*'''Aerotow speed:''' {{convert|150|km/h|kn mph|abbr=on}}
*'''Winch launch speed:''' {{convert|120|km/h|kn mph|abbr=on|1}}
*'''Winch launch speed:''' {{convert|120|km/h|kn mph|abbr=on}}
|g limits=+3.5 -1.75 at {{convert|250|km/h|kn mph|abbr=on|1}}
|g limits=+3.5 -1.75 at {{convert|250|km/h|kn mph|abbr=on}}
|glide ratio=28.5 at {{convert|82|km/h|kn mph|abbr=on|1}}
|glide ratio=28.5 at {{convert|82|km/h|kn mph|abbr=on}}
|sink rate ms=0.75
|sink rate ms=0.75
|sink rate note=at {{convert|75|km/h|kn mph|abbr=on|1}}
|sink rate note=at {{convert|75|km/h|kn mph|abbr=on}}
|wing loading kg/m2=7.34
|wing loading kg/m2=7.34
}}
}}
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*http://www.piotrp.de/SZYBOWCE/pszd8.htm
*http://www.piotrp.de/SZYBOWCE/pszd8.htm
{{Polish gliders}}
{{Polish gliders}}
{{PRC glider aircraft}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:SZD-8 Jaskolka}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:SZD-8 Jaskolka}}
[[Category:Polish sailplanes 1950–1959|SZD-08]]
[[Category:1950s Polish sailplanes|SZD-08]]
[[Category:SZD aircraft]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1951]]

Latest revision as of 20:06, 21 December 2023

SZD-8 Jaskółka
SZD-8bis Jaskółka SP-1335 in the Polish Aviation Museum
Role Glider aircraft
National origin Poland
Manufacturer SZD
Designer Tadeusz Kostia
First flight 21 September 1951
Number built 135
Variants SZD-14x Jaskółka M
SZD-17x Jaskółka L

The SZD-8 Jaskółka was a single-seat glider aircraft that was designed and built in Poland at Szybowcowy Zakład Doświadczalny (Glider Experimental Works) in Bielsko-Biała from 1951.

Development

[edit]

With prototypes rolled out in September and December 1951, the SZD-8 Jaskółka (Swallow) was a high-performance glider for its day, introducing several innovations to glider design such as a sliding moulded Plexiglas canopy, recessed handle in the rear fuselage for ground handling and a semi-retractable mainwheel. The all-wood wings were covered with plywood and fabric incorporating Fowler flaps on the trailing edges, which could be lowered to 12° or 25°, and Schemp-Hirth style airbrakes aft of the mainspars. Main designer was Tadeusz Kostia.[1] The first prototype was flown on 21 September 1951 (test pilot Adam Zientek), but it revealed faults. After reconstruction, with longer fuselage and enlarged rudder (designated SZD-8-2) it appeared successful and was ordered into production,[2] becoming the most popular competition glider in Poland from 1953 to 1957.[1] Many of the 135 production aircraft were exported, garnering at least fifteen world records from May 1954 to May 1960. Licensed production was also carried out in the DDR (Deutsche Demokratische Republik - German Democratic Republic) and the PRC (People's Republic of China). Several variants were produced which introduced various improvements and modifications.

SZD-8 at bottom left

Variants

[edit]
SZD-8
two prototypes, first flown 21 September 1951
SZD 8-2
first prototype after reconstruction, first flown 16 March 1952[2]
SZD-8bis Jaskółka
initial production variant (first flown 24 December 1952; 30 built)[2]
SZD-8bisE Jaskółka E
improved variant of 1954 (30 built)[2]
SZD-8bisW Jaskółka W
variant with water ballast (1 built, later converted to SZD-8bisZ)[2]
SZD-8bisZ Jaskółka Z
one prototype
SZD-8bisO Jaskółka O
export variant
SZD 8terZ Jaskółka Z
variant with water ballast, introduced in May 1958[2]
SZD 8terZO Jaskółka ZO
variant without water ballast, introduced in 1958[2]
Shenyang X-10 Qian Jin
a licensed version of the SZD-8/14 Jaskolka, with modifications, built in the People's Republic of China at the Shenyang aviation factory.[3]

Specifications (SZD-8bis Jaskółka Z)

[edit]

Data from The World's Sailplanes:Die Segelflugzeuge der Welt:Les Planeurs du Monde [4][5]

General characteristics

  • Crew: 1
  • Length: 7.42 m (24 ft 4 in)
  • Wingspan: 16 m (52 ft 6 in)
  • Height: 1.41 m (4 ft 8 in)
  • Wing area: 13.6 m2 (146 sq ft)
  • Aspect ratio: 15
  • Airfoil: NACA 43 012A
  • Empty weight: 270 kg (595 lb) equipped
  • Gross weight: 337 kg (743 lb)
  • Max takeoff weight: 455 kg (1,003 lb)

Performance

  • Never exceed speed: 250 km/h (160 mph, 130 kn)
  • Aerotow speed: 150 km/h (81 kn; 93 mph)
  • Winch launch speed: 120 km/h (65 kn; 75 mph)
  • g limits: +3.5 -1.75 at 250 km/h (130 kn; 160 mph)
  • Maximum glide ratio: 28.5 at 82 km/h (44 kn; 51 mph)
  • Rate of sink: 0.75 m/s (148 ft/min) at 75 km/h (40 kn; 47 mph)
  • Wing loading: 7.34 kg/m2 (1.50 lb/sq ft)

See also

[edit]

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Krzyżan, Marian (1983). Samoloty w muzeach polskich. Warsaw: Wydawnictwa Komunikacji i Łączności. pp. 136–137. ISBN 978-83-206-0432-0.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Babiejczuk, Janusz; Grzegorzewski, Jerzy (1974). Polski przemysł lotniczy 1945-1973 (in Polish). Warsaw: Wydawnictwo MON. pp. 119–120.
  3. ^ John W.R. Taylor, ed. (1988). Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1988-89. London: Jane's Information Group. p. 620. ISBN 0-7106-0867-5.
  4. ^ Shenstone, B.S.; K.G. Wilkinson; Peter Brooks (1958). The World's Sailplanes:Die Segelflugzeuge der Welt:Les Planeurs dans Le Monde (in English, French, and German) (1st ed.). Zurich: Organisation Scientifique et Technique Internationale du Vol a Voile (OSTIV) and Schweizer Aero-Revue. pp. 124–128.
  5. ^ Coates, Andrew (1980). Jane's World Sailplanes & Motor Gliders (2nd ed.). London: Jane's. ISBN 0-7106-0017-8.
[edit]
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