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{{Short description|English physician, professor of medicine and pioneer of dermatology}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}
{{EngvarB|date=March 2020}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| name =
| name =
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| caption = Portrait of Arthur Whitfield<br>courtesy of Wellcome Trust
| caption = Portrait of Arthur Whitfield<br>courtesy of Wellcome Trust
| birth_name = <!-- if different from "name" -->
| birth_name = <!-- if different from "name" -->
| birth_date = {{birth date|1868|10|13}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1868|10|13}}
| birth_place = London
| birth_place = London
| death_date = {{death date and age|1947|1|31|1868|10|13}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|1947|1|31|1868|10|13}}
| death_place = [[Eastbourne]]
| death_place = [[Eastbourne]]
| nationality = British
| nationality = British
| other_names =
| other_names =
| occupation = Physician and dermatologist
| occupation = Physician and dermatologist
| known_for = [[Whitfield's ointment]]<ref>{{cite book|editor=Bartolucci, S. L.|editor2=Forbis, P.|year=2005|title=Stedman's Medical Eponyms|page=754|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=isqcnR6ryz0C&pg=PA754}}</ref>
| known_for = [[Whitfield's ointment]]<ref>{{cite book|editor=Bartolucci, S. L.|editor2=Forbis, P.|year=2005|title=Stedman's Medical Eponyms|page=754|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=isqcnR6ryz0C&pg=PA754|isbn=9780781754439}}</ref>
}}
}}
'''Arthur Whitfield''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|FRCP}} (1868–1947) was an English physician, professor of medicine, and pioneer of dermatology.<ref name=Munk>{{cite web|url=http://munksroll.rcplondon.ac.uk/Biography/Details/4728|website=Munk's Roll, Volume IV, Lives of the Fellows, Royal College of Physicians|title=Arthur Whitfield}}</ref><ref name=BMJ>{{cite journal|journal=Br Med J|date=15 February 1947|volume=1|issue=4493|pages=274–276|pmc=2052676|title=Obituary. Arthur Whitfield, M.D., F.R.C.P.}}</ref><ref name=WhoWho>{{cite magazine|title=Whitfield, Arthur, M.D.(Lond.), M.R.C.P., M.R.C.S.|magazine=Who's Who|year=1923|page=2924|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015047640050;view=1up;seq=3128}}</ref>
'''Arthur Whitfield''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|FRCP}} (1868–1947) was an English physician, professor of medicine, and pioneer of dermatology.<ref name=Munk>{{cite web|url=http://munksroll.rcplondon.ac.uk/Biography/Details/4728|website=Munk's Roll, Volume IV, Lives of the Fellows, Royal College of Physicians|title=Arthur Whitfield}}</ref><ref name=BMJ>{{cite journal|journal=Br Med J|date=15 February 1947|volume=1|issue=4493|pages=274–276|pmc=2052676|title=Obituary. Arthur Whitfield, M.D., F.R.C.P.|doi=10.1136/bmj.1.4493.274}}</ref><ref name=WhoWho>{{cite magazine|title=Whitfield, Arthur, M.D.(Lond.), M.R.C.P., M.R.C.S.|magazine=Who's Who|year=1923|page=2924|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015047640050;view=1up;seq=3128}}</ref>


==Biography==
==Biography==
After education at [[King's College School]], Arthur Whitfield began his study medicine in 1887 at [[King's College Hospital]] and qualified from there [[Royal College of Physicians#Licentiate|LRCP MRCS]] in 1891 and graduated [[Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery#United Kingdom|MB (Lond.)]] in 1892. He held successively several house appointments, including the Sambrooke Medical Registrarship, at King's College Hospital. In 1893 he qualified MRCP and graduated [[Doctor of Medicine#United Kingdom, Ireland and some Commonwealth countries|MD]]. From 1893 to 1896 he pursued postgraduate study at clinics in Vienna and Berlin. He was appointed in 1896 assistant physician to the [[West London Hospital]] and then at the [[Royal Northern Hospital]].<ref name=BMJ/> At King's College Hospital he was appointed in 1896 assistant physician, with charge of the skin department, and in 1906 full physician and professor of dermatology. There he was also dean of the medical school from 1904 to 1905, and during WWI he was a general physician in charge of outpatients. Whitfield held additional appointments as professor of dermatology at the [[Royal Army Medical College]] and dermatologist to [[Blind Veterans UK|St Dustan’s]].<ref name=Munk/>
After education at [[King's College School]], Arthur Whitfield began his study medicine in 1887 at [[King's College Hospital]] and qualified from there [[Royal College of Physicians#Licentiate|LRCP MRCS]] in 1891 and graduated [[Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery#United Kingdom|MB (Lond.)]] in 1892. He held successively several house appointments, including the Sambrooke Medical Registrarship, at King's College Hospital. In 1893 he qualified MRCP and graduated [[Doctor of Medicine#United Kingdom, Ireland and some Commonwealth countries|MD]]. From 1893 to 1896 he pursued postgraduate study at clinics in Vienna and Berlin. He was appointed in 1896 assistant physician to the [[West London Hospital]] and then at the [[Royal Northern Hospital]].<ref name=BMJ/> At King's College Hospital he was appointed in 1896 assistant physician, with charge of the skin department, and in 1906 full physician and professor of dermatology. There he was also dean of the medical school from 1904 to 1905, and during WWI he was a general physician in charge of outpatients. Whitfield held additional appointments as professor of dermatology at the [[Royal Army Medical College]] and dermatologist to [[Blind Veterans UK|St Dustan's]].<ref name=Munk/>


Whitfield's ''A Handbook of Skin Diseases and their Treatment'' (1907)<ref name=Munk/> had a revised second edition in 1921.<ref>{{cite book|author=Whitfield, Arthur|edition=2nd|location=London|publisher=Edward Arnold|title=A handbook of skin diseases and their treatment|year=1921|url=https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/100195367}}</ref> A third edition was completed by Edmund Harold Molesworth, his Australian ex-pupil.<ref name=Gold>{{cite web|author=Gold, Stephen|title=Some Remarkable Clinicians, Turn of the Century, A Biographical History of British Dermatology|website=British Association of Dermatologists|url=http://www.bad.org.uk/about-us/history/biographical/turn-of-the-century}}</ref> Whitfield contributed articles on skin diseases to ''Encyclopædia Medica'' and to [[Clifford Allbutt|Allbutt]]'s ''A System of Medicine'', as well as numerous papers on skin diseases to medical journals.<ref name=WhoWho/>
Whitfield's ''A Handbook of Skin Diseases and their Treatment'' (1907)<ref name=Munk/> had a revised second edition in 1921.<ref>{{cite book|author=Whitfield, Arthur|edition=2nd|location=London|publisher=Edward Arnold|title=A handbook of skin diseases and their treatment|year=1921|url=https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/100195367}}</ref> A third edition was completed by Edmund Harold Molesworth, his Australian ex-pupil.<ref name=Gold>{{cite web|author=Gold, Stephen|title=Some Remarkable Clinicians, Turn of the Century, A Biographical History of British Dermatology|website=British Association of Dermatologists|url=http://www.bad.org.uk/about-us/history/biographical/turn-of-the-century}}</ref> Whitfield contributed articles on skin diseases to ''Encyclopædia Medica'' and to [[Clifford Allbutt|Allbutt]]'s ''A System of Medicine'', as well as numerous papers on skin diseases to medical journals.<ref name=WhoWho/>
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Whitfield was elected FRCP in 1905. He was the [[Lumleian Lectures|Lumleian Lecturer]] in 1921. He was president of the [[British Association of Dermatologists]] in 1926–1927. He was elected a corresponding member of the Société Française de Dermatologie.<ref name=BMJ/>
Whitfield was elected FRCP in 1905. He was the [[Lumleian Lectures|Lumleian Lecturer]] in 1921. He was president of the [[British Association of Dermatologists]] in 1926–1927. He was elected a corresponding member of the Société Française de Dermatologie.<ref name=BMJ/>


{{blockquote|His most valued research concerned fungus infections — in particular, the causative role of fungi in [[tinea pedis]] and its treatment with "[[Whitfield’s ointment]]".<ref name=Munk/>}}
{{blockquote|His most valued research concerned fungus infections – in particular, the causative role of fungi in [[tinea pedis]] and its treatment with "[[Whitfield's ointment]]".<ref name=Munk/>}}


The original formula for Whitfield's ointment consists of [[benzoic acid]] — 25 [[Grain (unit)|grains]] (1.6 gram) (5%); [[salicylic acid]] — 15 grains (1 gram) (3%); [[soft paraffin]] — (128 [[Minim (unit)|minims]]) (7.1 milliliters) (25%); [[coconut oil]] — to 10 [[fluid ounce]]s (28 milliliters).<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Br Med J|date=20 August 1955|volume=2|issue=4937|pages=453–455|pmc=1980638|pmid=13240146|title=The Whitfield Tradition of Therapy|author=Williams, David I.}}</ref>
The original formula for Whitfield's ointment consists of [[benzoic acid]] — 25 [[Grain (unit)|grains]] (1.6 gram) (5%); [[salicylic acid]] — 15 grains (1 gram) (3%); [[soft paraffin]] — (128 [[Minim (unit)|minims]]) (7.1 millilitres) (25%); [[coconut oil]] — to 10 [[fluid ounce]]s (28 millilitres).<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Br Med J|date=20 August 1955|volume=2|issue=4937|pages=453–455|pmc=1980638|pmid=13240146|title=The Whitfield Tradition of Therapy|author=Williams, David I.|doi=10.1136/bmj.2.4937.453}}</ref>


He was an important pioneer of dermatology among the group of British physicians who followed [[Henry Radcliffe Crocker]], [[William Tilbury Fox]], and Thomas Colcott Fox.<ref name=BMJ/>
He was an important pioneer of dermatology among the group of British physicians who followed [[Henry Radcliffe Crocker]], [[William Tilbury Fox]], and Thomas Colcott Fox.<ref name=BMJ/>
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==Selected publication==
==Selected publication==
*{{cite journal|journal=Proc R Soc Med|year=1909|volume=2(Dermatol Sect)|pages=99–102|pmc=2046921|pmid=19973557|title= Chronic Enlargement of the Lips due to Syphilitic Lymphangitis}}
*{{cite journal|journal=Proc R Soc Med|year=1909|volume=2(Dermatol Sect)|issue=Dermatol Sect|pages=99–102|pmc=2046921|pmid=19973557|title= Chronic Enlargement of the Lips due to Syphilitic Lymphangitis|last1=Whitfield|first1=A.}}
*{{cite journal|journal=Proc R Soc Med|year=1910|volume=3(Pathol Sect)|pages=172–174|pmc=1960810|pmid=19974662|title=Some Points in the Pathology of Acne}}
*{{cite journal|journal=Proc R Soc Med|year=1910|volume=3(Pathol Sect)|issue=Pathol Sect|pages=172–174|pmc=1960810|pmid=19974662|title=Some Points in the Pathology of Acne|last1=Whitfield|first1=A.}}
*{{cite journal|journal=Proc R Soc Med|year=1920|volume=13(Dermatol Sect)|pages=102–104|pmc=2152159|pmid=19980909|title=Case of Demodex Impetigo}}
*{{cite journal|journal=Proc R Soc Med|year=1920|volume=13(Dermatol Sect)|issue=Dermatol Sect|pages=102–104|pmc=2152159|pmid=19980909|title=Case of Demodex Impetigo|last1=Whitfield|first1=A.}}


== References ==
== References ==

Latest revision as of 01:13, 22 December 2023

Arthur Whitfield
Portrait of Arthur Whitfield
courtesy of Wellcome Trust
Born(1868-10-13)13 October 1868
London
Died31 January 1947(1947-01-31) (aged 78)
Eastbourne
NationalityBritish
Occupation(s)Physician and dermatologist
Known forWhitfield's ointment[1]

Arthur Whitfield FRCP (1868–1947) was an English physician, professor of medicine, and pioneer of dermatology.[2][3][4]

Biography

[edit]

After education at King's College School, Arthur Whitfield began his study medicine in 1887 at King's College Hospital and qualified from there LRCP MRCS in 1891 and graduated MB (Lond.) in 1892. He held successively several house appointments, including the Sambrooke Medical Registrarship, at King's College Hospital. In 1893 he qualified MRCP and graduated MD. From 1893 to 1896 he pursued postgraduate study at clinics in Vienna and Berlin. He was appointed in 1896 assistant physician to the West London Hospital and then at the Royal Northern Hospital.[3] At King's College Hospital he was appointed in 1896 assistant physician, with charge of the skin department, and in 1906 full physician and professor of dermatology. There he was also dean of the medical school from 1904 to 1905, and during WWI he was a general physician in charge of outpatients. Whitfield held additional appointments as professor of dermatology at the Royal Army Medical College and dermatologist to St Dustan's.[2]

Whitfield's A Handbook of Skin Diseases and their Treatment (1907)[2] had a revised second edition in 1921.[5] A third edition was completed by Edmund Harold Molesworth, his Australian ex-pupil.[6] Whitfield contributed articles on skin diseases to Encyclopædia Medica and to Allbutt's A System of Medicine, as well as numerous papers on skin diseases to medical journals.[4]

In 1911 he was able to demonstrate, at the Royal Society of Medicine, a patient with "eczematoid ringworm of the groins" along with supportive mycological specimens. This prompted a special visit from Paris by Professor Sabouraud.[6]

Whitfield was elected FRCP in 1905. He was the Lumleian Lecturer in 1921. He was president of the British Association of Dermatologists in 1926–1927. He was elected a corresponding member of the Société Française de Dermatologie.[3]

His most valued research concerned fungus infections – in particular, the causative role of fungi in tinea pedis and its treatment with "Whitfield's ointment".[2]

The original formula for Whitfield's ointment consists of benzoic acid — 25 grains (1.6 gram) (5%); salicylic acid — 15 grains (1 gram) (3%); soft paraffin — (128 minims) (7.1 millilitres) (25%); coconut oil — to 10 fluid ounces (28 millilitres).[7]

He was an important pioneer of dermatology among the group of British physicians who followed Henry Radcliffe Crocker, William Tilbury Fox, and Thomas Colcott Fox.[3]

His garden at Beaconsfield provided a hobby for his leisure, and he enjoyed a game of golf or tennis. He married Margaret, daughter of Charles Tuttle of Rochester, New York, and had one son and two daughters.[2]

Selected publication

[edit]
  • Whitfield, A. (1909). "Chronic Enlargement of the Lips due to Syphilitic Lymphangitis". Proc R Soc Med. 2(Dermatol Sect) (Dermatol Sect): 99–102. PMC 2046921. PMID 19973557.
  • Whitfield, A. (1910). "Some Points in the Pathology of Acne". Proc R Soc Med. 3(Pathol Sect) (Pathol Sect): 172–174. PMC 1960810. PMID 19974662.
  • Whitfield, A. (1920). "Case of Demodex Impetigo". Proc R Soc Med. 13(Dermatol Sect) (Dermatol Sect): 102–104. PMC 2152159. PMID 19980909.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Bartolucci, S. L.; Forbis, P., eds. (2005). Stedman's Medical Eponyms. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 754. ISBN 9780781754439.
  2. ^ a b c d e "Arthur Whitfield". Munk's Roll, Volume IV, Lives of the Fellows, Royal College of Physicians.
  3. ^ a b c d "Obituary. Arthur Whitfield, M.D., F.R.C.P." Br Med J. 1 (4493): 274–276. 15 February 1947. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.4493.274. PMC 2052676.
  4. ^ a b "Whitfield, Arthur, M.D.(Lond.), M.R.C.P., M.R.C.S." Who's Who. 1923. p. 2924.
  5. ^ Whitfield, Arthur (1921). A handbook of skin diseases and their treatment (2nd ed.). London: Edward Arnold.
  6. ^ a b Gold, Stephen. "Some Remarkable Clinicians, Turn of the Century, A Biographical History of British Dermatology". British Association of Dermatologists.
  7. ^ Williams, David I. (20 August 1955). "The Whitfield Tradition of Therapy". Br Med J. 2 (4937): 453–455. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.4937.453. PMC 1980638. PMID 13240146.
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