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The '''Gundersen method''' is a method in the [[Nordic combined]] developed by [[Gunder Gundersen]], a Nordic combined athlete from [[Norway]], that was first used in the 1980s. This technique turned the [[cross country skiing]] part of the Nordic combined from a point-based system where all athletes ski in an [[Time trial|interval start]] manner and whoever earned the most points with the [[ski jumping]] part of the Nordic combined won the event to a [[pursuit racing|pursuit]] race for the cross country skiing part where whoever crossed the finished first in the cross country skiing part of the Nordic combined event won the competition.
The '''Gundersen method''' is a method in the [[Nordic combined]] developed by [[Gunder Gundersen]], a Nordic combined athlete from [[Norway]], that was first used in the 1980s. In it, the [[ski jumping]] portion comes first, and points in the ski jump determine when individuals start the [[cross-country skiing (sport)|cross-country skiing]] portion, which is a [[pursuit racing|pursuit]] race, so that whoever crosses the finish line first wins the competition. The system is now also used in the [[modern pentathlon]] in which the start times of the final event (a cross-country run) are staggered so that the first to cross the finish line is the winner of the entire event. [[World Athletics]] announced on 7 December 2018 that the 2020 World Under-20 Athletics Championship will adopt the Gundersen method for the decathlon and heptathlon for the final event. A similar system is used in professional golf's [[Tour Championship]] since [[2018-19 PGA Tour|2019]].


Initially put in at the [[FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1985]] and at the [[1988 Winter Olympics]], the event point-time differential has been adjusted at every [[Winter Olympics]]. The table below is one point difference at the ski jump equaliing a specific number of seconds between skiers or teams at the start of the cross country portion of the event.
Initially put in at the [[FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1985]] and at the [[1988 Winter Olympics]], the event point-time differential has been adjusted many times at the [[Winter Olympics]] through [[2010 Winter Olympics|2010]]. The table below is one point difference at the ski jump equaling a specific number of seconds between skiers or teams at the start of the cross country portion of the event. The point-time differential has been unchanged since October 2008.


{| class="wikitable"
{|
![[Winter Olympics|Winter Olympic Games]]
![[Winter Olympics|Winter Olympic Games]]
!Individual (includes 7.5 km sprint)
!Individual
!Team
!Team
|-
|-
|[[1988 Winter Olympics|1988]]
|align="center"|[[Nordic combined at the 1988 Winter Olympics|1988]]
|6.7<ref>Wallechinsky, David and Jaime Loucky (2009). "Nordic Combined: Individual". In ''The Complete Book of the Winter Olympics: 2010 Edition''. London: Aurum Press. p. 274.</ref>
|align="center"|6.7<ref name=w1>Wallechinsky, David and Jaime Loucky (2009). "Nordic Combined: Individual". In ''The Complete Book of the Winter Olympics: 2010 Edition''. London: Aurum Press. p. 274-6.</ref>
|5<ref>Wallechinsky, David and Jaime Loucky (2009). "Nordic Combined: Team". In ''The Complete Book of the Winter Olympics: 2010 Edition''. London: Aurum Press. p. 277.</ref>
|align="center"|5<ref name=w2>Wallechinsky, David and Jaime Loucky (2009). "Nordic Combined: Team". In ''The Complete Book of the Winter Olympics: 2010 Edition''. London: Aurum Press. p. 277-80.</ref>
|-
|-
|[[1992 Winter Olympics|1992]]
|align="center"|[[Nordic combined at the 1992 Winter Olympics|1992]]
|align="center"|6.7<ref name=w1 />
|6.7<ref name=wl275>Wallechinsky, David and Jaime Loucky (2009). "Nordic Combined: Individual". In ''The Complete Book of the Winter Olympics: 2010 Edition''. London: Aurum Press. p. 275.</ref>
|align="center"|5<ref name=w2 />
|5<ref>Wallechinsky, David and Jaime Loucky (2009). "Nordic Combined: Team". In ''The Complete Book of the Winter Olympics: 2010 Edition''. London: Aurum Press. pp. 277-8.</ref>
|-
|-
|[[1994 Winter Olympics|1994]]
|align="center"|[[Nordic combined at the 1994 Winter Olympics|1994]]
|6.5<ref name=wl275 />
|align="center"|6.5<ref name=w1 />
|align="center"|5<ref name=w2 />
|5<ref>Wallechinsky, David and Jaime Loucky (2009). "Nordic Combined: Team". In ''The Complete Book of the Winter Olympics: 2010 Edition''. London: Aurum Press. p. 278.</ref>
|-
|-
|[[1998 Winter Olympics|1998]]
|align="center"|[[Nordic combined at the 1998 Winter Olympics|1998]]
|align="center"|6<ref name=w1 />
|6<ref>Wallechinsky, David and Jaime Loucky (2009). "Nordic Combined: Individual". In ''The Complete Book of the Winter Olympics: 2010 Edition''. London: Aurum Press. pp. 275-6.</ref>
|align="center"|3<ref name=w2 />
|3<ref>Wallechinsky, David and Jaime Loucky (2009). "Nordic Combined: Team". In ''The Complete Book of the Winter Olympics: 2010 Edition''. London: Aurum Press. pp. 278-9.</ref>
|-
|-
|[[2002 Winter Olympics|2002]]
|align="center"|[[Nordic combined at the 2002 Winter Olympics|2002]]
|align="center"|5<ref name=w1 />
|5<ref name=wl276>Wallechinsky, David and Jaime Loucky (2009). "Nordic Combined: Individual". In ''The Complete Book of the Winter Olympics: 2010 Edition''. London: Aurum Press. p. 276.</ref>
|align="center"|1.5<ref name=w2 />
|1.5<ref>Wallechinsky, David and Jaime Loucky (2009). "Nordic Combined: Team". In ''The Complete Book of the Winter Olympics: 2010 Edition''. London: Aurum Press. pp. 279-80.</ref>
|-
|-
|[[2006 Winter Olympics|2006]]
|align="center"|[[Nordic combined at the 2006 Winter Olympics|2006]]
|4<ref name=wl276 />
|align="center"|4<ref name=w1 />
|align="center"|1<ref name=w2 />
|1<ref>Wallechinsky, David and Jaime Loucky (2009). "Nordic Combined: Team". In ''The Complete Book of the Winter Olympics: 2010 Edition''. London: Aurum Press. p. 280.</ref>
|-
|-
|[[2010 Winter Olympics|2010]]
|align="center"|[[Nordic combined at the 2010 Winter Olympics|2010]]
|4<ref name=icr>[http://www.fis-ski.com/data/document/icr_nc_2008.pdf FIS International Compeitition Rules for Nordic Combined 2008.] p. 76 (shown in Acrobat file as p. 78.) - accessed 21 Deceember 2009.</ref>
|align="center"|4<ref name=icr>[http://www.fis-ski.com/data/document/icr_nc_2008.pdf FIS International Competition Rules for Nordic Combined 2008.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121019054554/http://www.fis-ski.com/data/document/icr_nc_2008.pdf |date=2012-10-19 }} p. 76 (shown in Acrobat file as p. 78.) - accessed 21 December 2009.</ref>
|1.33<ref name=icr />
|align="center"|1.33<ref name=icr />
|}
|}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
*[http://www.nbcolympics.com/nordic-combined/insidethissport/competition/newsid=257557.html#nordic+combined+competition+format NBC Olympics.com explanation on Gundersen method] - Accessed 21 December 2009.
*[http://www.nbcolympics.com/nordic-combined/insidethissport/competition/newsid=257557.html#nordic+combined+competition+format NBC Olympics.com explanation on Gundersen method] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228202023/http://www.nbcolympics.com/nordic-combined/insidethissport/competition/newsid=257557.html#nordic+combined+competition+format |date=2017-02-28 }} - Accessed 21 December 2009.


[[Category:Nordic combined]]
[[Category:Nordic combined]]
[[Category:Winter sports]]

[[de:Gundersen-Methode]]
[[fr:Tableau de Gundersen]]
[[it:Metodo Gundersen]]
[[lb:Gundersen-Method]]
[[no:Gunder-metoden]]

Latest revision as of 16:33, 23 December 2023

The Gundersen method is a method in the Nordic combined developed by Gunder Gundersen, a Nordic combined athlete from Norway, that was first used in the 1980s. In it, the ski jumping portion comes first, and points in the ski jump determine when individuals start the cross-country skiing portion, which is a pursuit race, so that whoever crosses the finish line first wins the competition. The system is now also used in the modern pentathlon in which the start times of the final event (a cross-country run) are staggered so that the first to cross the finish line is the winner of the entire event. World Athletics announced on 7 December 2018 that the 2020 World Under-20 Athletics Championship will adopt the Gundersen method for the decathlon and heptathlon for the final event. A similar system is used in professional golf's Tour Championship since 2019.

Initially put in at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1985 and at the 1988 Winter Olympics, the event point-time differential has been adjusted many times at the Winter Olympics through 2010. The table below is one point difference at the ski jump equaling a specific number of seconds between skiers or teams at the start of the cross country portion of the event. The point-time differential has been unchanged since October 2008.

Winter Olympic Games Individual Team
1988 6.7[1] 5[2]
1992 6.7[1] 5[2]
1994 6.5[1] 5[2]
1998 6[1] 3[2]
2002 5[1] 1.5[2]
2006 4[1] 1[2]
2010 4[3] 1.33[3]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f Wallechinsky, David and Jaime Loucky (2009). "Nordic Combined: Individual". In The Complete Book of the Winter Olympics: 2010 Edition. London: Aurum Press. p. 274-6.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Wallechinsky, David and Jaime Loucky (2009). "Nordic Combined: Team". In The Complete Book of the Winter Olympics: 2010 Edition. London: Aurum Press. p. 277-80.
  3. ^ a b FIS International Competition Rules for Nordic Combined 2008. Archived 2012-10-19 at the Wayback Machine p. 76 (shown in Acrobat file as p. 78.) - accessed 21 December 2009.
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