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{{short description|Family of algae}}
{{Short description|Family of algae}}
{{Automatic taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Chlamydomonas6-1.jpg
| image = Chlamydomonas6-1.jpg
Line 7: Line 7:
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision =
| subdivision =
* ''[[Brachiomonas]]''
* ''[[Carteria]]''
* ''[[Chlainomonas]]''
* ''[[Chlamydomonas]]''
* ''[[Chlamydonephris]]''
* ''[[Chlorobrachis]]''
* ''[[Chloroceras]]''
* ''[[Chloromonas]]''
* ''[[Chlorotriangulum]]''
* ''[[Corbierea]]''
* ''[[Costachloris]]''
* ''[[Cylindromonas]]''
* ''[[Dangeardinia]]''
* ''[[Diplostauron]]''
* ''[[Furcilla]]''
* ''[[Gigantochloris]]''
* ''[[Gloeomonas]]''
* ''[[Heterochlamydomonas]]''
* ''[[Hirtusochloris]]''
* ''[[Hyalobrachion]]''
* ''[[Ixipapillifera]]''
* ''[[Lobochlamys]]''
* ''[[Lobomonas]]''
* ''[[Oltmannsiella]]''
* ''[[Oogamochlamys]]''
* ''[[Parapolytoma]]''
* ''[[Peterfiella]]''
* ''[[Phyllariochloris]]''
* ''[[Polytoma]]''
* ''[[Protococcus]]''
* ''[[Provasoliella]]''
* ''[[Pseudocarteria]]''
* ''[[Pseudofurcilla]]''
* ''[[Pyramichlamys]]''
* ''[[Rhysamphichloris]]''
* ''[[Selenochloris]]''
* ''[[Smithsonimonas]]''
* ''[[Sphaerellopsis]]''
* ''[[Sphenochloris]]''
* ''[[Spirogonium]]''
* ''[[Tetrablepharis]]''
* ''Tetratoma''
* ''[[Tussetia]]''
* ''[[Vitreochlamys]]''
}}
}}


'''Chlamydomonadaceae''' is a [[family (biology)|family]] of [[algae]] within the [[order (biology)|order]] [[Chlamydomonadales]].<ref>See the [[National Center for Biotechnology Information|NCBI]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=3051 webpage on Chlamydomonadaceae]. Data extracted from the {{cite web | url=http://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/pub/taxonomy/ | title=NCBI taxonomy resources | publisher=[[National Center for Biotechnology Information]] | accessdate=2007-03-19}}</ref>
'''Chlamydomonadaceae''' is a [[family (biology)|family]] of [[algae]] within the [[order (biology)|order]] [[Chlamydomonadales]].<ref>See the [[National Center for Biotechnology Information|NCBI]] [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=3051 webpage on Chlamydomonadaceae]. Data extracted from the {{cite web | url=http://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/pub/taxonomy/ | title=NCBI taxonomy resources | publisher=[[National Center for Biotechnology Information]] | access-date=2007-03-19}}</ref> Traditionally, it has been defined as containing single-celled flagellates with a cell wall.<ref name=Volvocales/>

Cells of the Chlamydomonadaceae are motile and have one, two, or four [[flagella]]. The cell body is covered in a cell wall, with the [[protoplast]] entirely or partially lined up next to the wall. Cells are uninucleate (i.e. with one nucleus). There is generally a single chloroplast, which is often cup-shaped or sometimes stellate or discoid; [[pyrenoid]]s may be present or absent. Some species lack chlorophyll entirely and are [[Saprotrophic nutrition|saprotrophic]].<ref name=Smith1950/> [[Contractile vacuole]]s may or may not be present. There is usually a single [[eyespot apparatus|eyespot]].<ref name=Volvocales>{{cite book|title=Volvocales|last1=Iyengar|first1=M. O. P.|last2=Desikachary|first2=T. V.|publisher= Indian Council of Agricultural Research|location=New Delhi|date=1981|pages= 532}}</ref>

Asexual reproduction occurs when the cell protoplast divides to form two, four, or eight daughter cells, with cell walls forming while still in the parent cell wall. Before cell division, the flagella usually disappear. Daughter cells are typically liberated when the parent cell wall gelatinizes, or through a rupture in the parent cell wall. In some cases, cells may produce several generations before eventually developing flagella and escaping the parent cell wall. This stage, known as the ''palmella stage'', have been reported in a number of genera.<ref name=Smith1950>{{cite book|last1=Smith|first1=Gilbert M.|edition=2nd|title=The Fresh-water Algae of the United States|publisher=McGraw-Hill Book Company|date=1950}}</ref>

Sexual reproduction occurs in this family, and ranges from [[isogamy]] to [[anisogamy]] to [[oogamy]].<ref name=Volvocales/> Some species are [[homothallic]], while others are [[heterothallic]]. Zygotes have thick walls, and they typically are inactive before germination.<ref name=Smith1950/> Usually four or more zoospores germinate from each zygote.<ref name=Volvocales/>

==Genera==
As accepted by [[WoRMS]];<ref name=Worms>{{cite web |title=World Register of Marine Species - Chlamydomonadaceae |url=https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=178973 |website=www.marinespecies.org |publisher=WoRMS |access-date=17 September 2022}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
* ''[[Agloë]]'' {{Au|Pascher, 1912}}
* ''[[Brachiomonas]]'' {{Au|Bohlin, 1897}}
* ''[[Carteria]]'' {{Au|Diesing, 1866}}
* ''[[Chlainomonas]]'' {{Au|H.R.Christen, 1959}}
* ''[[Chlamydomonas]]'' {{Au|Ehrenberg, 1833}}
* ''[[Chlamydonephris]]'' {{Au|H.Ettl & O.Ettl, 1959}}
* ''[[Chlorobrachis]]'' {{Au|Korshikov, 1925}}
* ''[[Chloroceras]]'' {{Au|Schiller, 1927}}
* ''[[Chlorominima]]'' {{Au|F.E.Gálvez, 2021}}
* ''[[Chloromonas]]'' {{Au|Gobi, 1899-1900}}
* ''[[Chlorotriangulum]]'' {{Au|Kufferath, 1914}}
* ''[[Corbierea]]'' {{Au|P.-A.Dangeard, 1888}}
* ''[[Costachloris]]'' {{Au|H.Ettl & O.Ettl, 1959}}
* ''[[Cylindromonas]]'' {{Au|Hansgirg, 1888}}
* ''[[Diplostauron]]'' {{Au|A.A.Korschikov, 1925}}
* ''[[Furcilla]]'' {{Au|A.Stokes, 1890}}
* ''[[Gigantochloris]]'' {{Au|Pascher, 1927}}
* ''[[Gloeomonas]]'' {{Au|Klebs, 1886}}
* ''[[Heterochlamydomonas]]'' {{Au|E.R.Cox & T.R.Deason, 1969}}
* ''[[Hirtusochloris]]'' {{Au|H.J.Hu & L.M.Luo}}
* ''[[Hyalobrachion]]'' {{Au|Swindell, 1939}}
* ''[[Isococcus]]'' {{Au|F.E.Fritsch}}
* ''[[Ixipapillifera]]'' {{Au|Nakada, 2016}}
* ''[[Lobochlamys]]'' {{Au|T.Pröschold, B.Marin, U.W.Schlösser & M.Melkonian, 2001}}
* ''[[Lobomonas]]'' {{Au|P.-A.Dangeard, 1899}}
* ''[[Microglena]]'' {{Au|Ehrenberg, 1832}}
* ''[[Oltmannsiella]]'' {{Au|Zimmermann, 1930}}
* ''[[Oogamochlamys]]'' {{Au|T.Pröschold, B.Marin, U.W.Schlösser & M.Melkonian, 2001}}
* ''[[Parapolytoma]]'' {{Au|Jameson, 1914}}
* ''[[Peterfiella]]'' {{Au|Gerloff, 1940}}
* ''[[Phyllariochloris]]'' {{Au|Pascher & Jahoda, 1928}}
* ''[[Polytoma]]'' {{Au|Ehrenberg, 1831}}
* ''[[Pithiscus]]'' {{Au|P.-A.Dangeard, 1888}}
* ''[[Provasoliella]]'' {{Au|A.R.Loeblich III, 1967}}
* ''[[Pseudocarteria]]'' {{Au|H.Ettl, 1958}}
* ''[[Pseudofurcilla]]'' {{Au|Jane, 1943}}
* ''[[Pyramichlamys]]'' {{Au|H.Ettl & O.Ettl, 1959}}
* ''[[Rhysamphichloris]]'' {{Au|Nakada, 2016}}
* ''[[Sanguina]]'' {{Au|Leya, Procházková & Nedbalová, 2019}}
* ''[[Selenochloris]]'' {{Au|Pascher, 1927}}
* ''[[Smithsonimonas]]'' {{Au|Kol, 1942}}
* ''[[Sphaerella]]'' {{Au|S.C.Sommerfelt}}
* ''[[Sphenochloris]]'' {{Au|Pascher, 1922}}
* ''[[Spirogonium]]'' {{Au|Pascher, 1927}}
* ''[[Tetrablepharis]]'' {{Au|Senn ex Wille, 1909}}
* ''[[Tetratoma (alga)|Tetratoma]]'' {{Au|Buetschli, 1884}}
* ''[[Tussetia]]'' {{Au|Pascher, 1927}}
* ''[[Vitreochlamys]]'' {{Au|Batko, 1970}}
{{div col end}}

Former genera:
* ''Platychloris'' {{Au|Pascher, 1927}} accepted as ''Chloromonas''
* ''Prasinochlamydomonas'' {{Au|Chadefaud, 1954}} accepted as ''Chlamydonephris''
* ''Protococcus'' {{Au|C.Agardh, 1824}} accepted as ''Chlamydomonas'' (synonym)
* ''Sphaerellopsis'' {{Au|Korshikov, 1925}} accepted as ''Vitreochlamys'' (synonym)<ref name=Worms/>

The family is known to be non-monophyletic, with clades not aligning to traditionally defined morphological groupings.<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2008.03.016 |title=Molecular systematics of Volvocales (Chlorophyceae, Chlorophyta) based on exhaustive 18S rRNA phylogenetic analyses |date=2008 |last1=Nakada |first1=Takashi |last2=Misawa |first2=Kazuharu |last3=Nozaki |first3=Hisayoshi |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=48 |issue=1 |pages=281–291 |pmid=18430591 }}</ref>


==References==
==References==
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==External links==
==External links==
{{commonscat|Chlamydomonadaceae}}
{{Commons category|Chlamydomonadaceae}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q860868}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q860868}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Chlorophyceae families]]
[[Category:Chlorophyceae families]]

Latest revision as of 05:04, 29 December 2023

Chlamydomonadaceae
Electron microscope image of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Clade: Viridiplantae
Division: Chlorophyta
Class: Chlorophyceae
Order: Chlamydomonadales
Family: Chlamydomonadaceae
F.Stein

Chlamydomonadaceae is a family of algae within the order Chlamydomonadales.[1] Traditionally, it has been defined as containing single-celled flagellates with a cell wall.[2]

Cells of the Chlamydomonadaceae are motile and have one, two, or four flagella. The cell body is covered in a cell wall, with the protoplast entirely or partially lined up next to the wall. Cells are uninucleate (i.e. with one nucleus). There is generally a single chloroplast, which is often cup-shaped or sometimes stellate or discoid; pyrenoids may be present or absent. Some species lack chlorophyll entirely and are saprotrophic.[3] Contractile vacuoles may or may not be present. There is usually a single eyespot.[2]

Asexual reproduction occurs when the cell protoplast divides to form two, four, or eight daughter cells, with cell walls forming while still in the parent cell wall. Before cell division, the flagella usually disappear. Daughter cells are typically liberated when the parent cell wall gelatinizes, or through a rupture in the parent cell wall. In some cases, cells may produce several generations before eventually developing flagella and escaping the parent cell wall. This stage, known as the palmella stage, have been reported in a number of genera.[3]

Sexual reproduction occurs in this family, and ranges from isogamy to anisogamy to oogamy.[2] Some species are homothallic, while others are heterothallic. Zygotes have thick walls, and they typically are inactive before germination.[3] Usually four or more zoospores germinate from each zygote.[2]

Genera

[edit]

As accepted by WoRMS;[4]

Former genera:

  • Platychloris Pascher, 1927 accepted as Chloromonas
  • Prasinochlamydomonas Chadefaud, 1954 accepted as Chlamydonephris
  • Protococcus C.Agardh, 1824 accepted as Chlamydomonas (synonym)
  • Sphaerellopsis Korshikov, 1925 accepted as Vitreochlamys (synonym)[4]

The family is known to be non-monophyletic, with clades not aligning to traditionally defined morphological groupings.[5]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ See the NCBI webpage on Chlamydomonadaceae. Data extracted from the "NCBI taxonomy resources". National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved 2007-03-19.
  2. ^ a b c d Iyengar, M. O. P.; Desikachary, T. V. (1981). Volvocales. New Delhi: Indian Council of Agricultural Research. p. 532.
  3. ^ a b c Smith, Gilbert M. (1950). The Fresh-water Algae of the United States (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill Book Company.
  4. ^ a b "World Register of Marine Species - Chlamydomonadaceae". www.marinespecies.org. WoRMS. Retrieved 17 September 2022.
  5. ^ Nakada, Takashi; Misawa, Kazuharu; Nozaki, Hisayoshi (2008). "Molecular systematics of Volvocales (Chlorophyceae, Chlorophyta) based on exhaustive 18S rRNA phylogenetic analyses". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 48 (1): 281–291. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2008.03.016. PMID 18430591.
[edit]
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