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{{short description|Genus of birds}}
{{Taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Wood-quail
| name = Wood quail
| image = Odontophorus_leucolaemusCJ-AvesP74A.jpg
| image = Odontophorus leucolaemusCJ-AvesP74A.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = ''Odontophorus leucolaemus''
| image_caption = ''Odontophorus leucolaemus''
⚫
| taxon = Odontophorus (bird)
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
⚫
| authority = [[Louis Pierre Vieillot|Vieillot]], 1816
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| type_species= ''Tetrao gujanensis'' ([[marbled wood quail]])
| classis = [[bird|Aves]]
| type_species_authority = [[Johann Friedrich Gmelin|Gmelin, JF]], 1789
| ordo = [[Galliformes]]
⚫
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| familia = [[New World quail|Odontophoridae]]
| genus = '''''Odontophorus'''''
| subdivision = ''See species list''
⚫
| genus_authority = [[Louis Jean Pierre Vieillot|Vieillot]], 1816
⚫
| subdivision_ranks = species
| subdivision =
''see species list''
}}
}}


The '''Wood-quails''' are [[bird]]s in the genus '''''Odontophorus''''' of the [[New World quail]] family, which are residents in forests in the [[Americas]]. The core range of the genus is centred in the lowlands and foothills of the northern [[Andes]] of [[Colombia]] and the mountain ranges of [[Central America]]; however, some species occur elsewhere in tropical and subtropical [[South America]].
The '''wood quails''' are [[bird]]s in the genus '''''Odontophorus''''' of the [[New World quail]] family, which are residents in forests in the [[Americas]].<ref>Johnsgard, [http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/johnsgard/19/ "The American Wood Quails ''Odontophorus''"] ''World Pheasant Association Journal'' 4 (1979), pp.&nbsp;93–99.</ref> The core range of the genus is centered in the lowlands and foothills of the northern [[Andes]] of [[Colombia]] and the mountain ranges of [[Central America]]; however, some species occur elsewhere in tropical and subtropical [[South America]].


These are shy species, and as a consequence are amongst the most difficult Galliform birds to study or even observe. The best chance of seeing wood-quail is at dawn or dusk, when they may feed at the side of a road or on a forest track in family groups of up to 12 birds. Nevertheless, when protected they can become surprisingly tame, as has been shown at Paz de las Aves near [[Mindo]], [[Ecuador]], with the [[Dark-backed Wood-quail]].
These are shy species, and as a consequence are amongst the most difficult galliform birds to study or even observe. The best chance of seeing wood quail is at dawn or dusk, when they may feed at the side of a road or on a [[forest track]] in family groups up to 12 birds. Nevertheless, when protected, they can become surprisingly tame, as has been shown at Paz de las Aves near Mindo, [[Ecuador]], with the [[dark-backed wood quail]].


Wood-quails are 22-30 cm long, dumpy, short-tailed, stout-billed [[partridge|partridge-like]] birds with a bushy crest. The upperparts are dark brown, and the underparts are black, grey, brown or rufous. Some species have a striking black and white throat or facial markings. The sexes are similar, but in some species the female has a duller-coloured crest, and in others the underparts are more rufous or grey than in the male. The advertising calls are loud and distinctive duets consisting of repeated phrases, and are often the only indication that wood-quail are present.
Wood quail are 22–30&nbsp;cm long, dumpy, short-tailed, stout-billed [[partridge|partridge-like]] birds with a bushy crest. The upper parts are dark brown, and the under parts are black, grey, brown, or rufous. Some species have a striking black and white throat or facial markings. The sexes are similar, but in some species, the female has a duller-coloured crest, and in others the under parts are more rufous or grey than in the male. The advertising calls are loud and distinctive duets consisting of repeated phrases, and are often the only indication that wood quail are present.


For most wood-quail, information has mainly come from [[specimens]], and breeding behaviour and habits are little known. The majority of species, including the relatively widespread [[Spotted Wood-quail]] have never had the nest described.
For most wood quail, information has mainly come from [[Biological specimen|specimens]], and breeding behaviour and habits are little known. The majority of species, including the relatively widespread [[spotted wood quail]] have never had their nests described.


Those species for which the feeding habits are known forage on the ground, scratching at the soil for seeds, fallen fruit and insects. Wood-quail are typically shy and wary; they will normally make good their escape on foot, but if startled will explode into a short fast flight into dense cover.
Those species for which the feeding habits are known forage on the ground, scratching at the soil for seeds, fallen fruit, and insects. Wood quail are typically shy and wary; they normally make good their escape on foot, but if startled, explode into a short, fast flight into dense cover.


All wood-quail species have been adversely affected by hunting and, in particular, rampant [[deforestation]]. Several species with restricted ranges are now considered [[threatened]].
All wood quail species have been adversely affected by hunting and, in particular, rampant [[deforestation]]. Several species with restricted ranges are now considered [[threatened]].


==Species list==
==Taxonomy==
The genus ''Odontophorus'' was introduced in 1816 by the French ornithologist [[Louis Pierre Vieillot]] to accommodate a single species, the [[marbled wood quail]], which is therefore the [[type species]].<ref>{{cite book | last=Vieillot | first=Louis Pierre | author-link=Louis Pierre Vieillot | year=1816 | title=Analyse d'une Nouvelle Ornithologie Élémentaire | publisher=Deterville/self | location=Paris | page=51 | language=French| url=https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9745205x/f57.item }}<!--BHL has a scan of an 1883 reprint - same pagination http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12830237 --></ref><ref>{{ cite book | editor-last=Peters | editor-first=James Lee | editor-link=James L. Peters | year=1934 | title=Check-List of Birds of the World | volume=2 | publisher=Harvard University Press | location=Cambridge, Massachusetts | page=51 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14482864 }}</ref> The genus name ''Odontophorus'' is from [[Ancient Greek]] meaning "bearing teeth", from ''odous'' "tooth" and ''pherō'' "to carry".<ref>{{cite book | last=Jobling | first=James A. | year=2010 | title=The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | publisher=Christopher Helm | location=London | isbn=978-1-4081-2501-4 | page=280 | url=https://archive.org/stream/Helm_Dictionary_of_Scientific_Bird_Names_by_James_A._Jobling#page/n280/mode/1up }}</ref> The genus now contains 15 species.<ref name=ioc>{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela Rasmussen | date=January 2022 | title=Megapodes, guans, guineafowl, New World quail | work=IOC World Bird List Version 12.1 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/new/bow/megapodes/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | access-date=5 July 2022 }}</ref>
* [[Marbled Wood-quail]], ''Odontophorus gujanensis''

* [[Spot-winged Wood-quail]], ''Odontophorus capueira''
==Species==
* [[Black-eared Wood-quail]], ''Odontophorus melanotis''

* [[Rufous-fronted Wood-quail]], ''Odontophorus erythrops''
{| class="wikitable sortable"
* [[Black-fronted Wood-quail]], ''Odontophorus atrifrons''
|-
* [[Chestnut Wood-quail]], ''Odontophorus hyperythrus''
! Image !! Common name!! Name !! Distribution
* [[Dark-backed Wood Quail]], ''Odontophorus melanonotus''
|-
⚫
* [[Rufous-breasted Wood-quail]], ''Odontophorus speciosus''
|[[File:Marbled Wood-Quail - Rio Tigre - Costa Rica MG 7758 (26101675664).jpg|120px]] || [[Marbled wood quail]] || ''Odontophorus gujanensis''|| Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela
⚫
* [[Tacarcuna Wood-quail]], ''Odontophorus dialeucos''
|-
⚫
* [[Gorgeted Wood-quail]], ''Odontophorus strophium''
|[[File:Odontophorus capueira -Parque Estadual da Serra da Cantareira, Sao Paulo, Brazil-8 (1).jpg|120px]] || [[Spot-winged wood quail]] || ''Odontophorus capueira''||Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay, and formerly in Uruguay
⚫
* [[Venezuelan Wood-quail]], ''Odontophorus columbianus''
|-
⚫
* [[Black-breasted Wood-quail]], ''Odontophorus leucolaemus''
* [[Stripe-faced Wood-quail]], ''Odontophorus balliviani''
| || [[Black-eared wood quail]] || ''Odontophorus melanotis''||Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama
|-
⚫
* [[Starred Wood-quail]], ''Odontophorus stellatus''
* [[Spotted Wood-quail]], ''Odontophorus guttatus''
| || [[Rufous-fronted wood quail]] || ''Odontophorus erythrops''|| Colombia and Ecuador
|-
| [[File:Black-fronted wood quail.jpg|120px]]|| [[Black-fronted wood quail]] || ''Odontophorus atrifrons''||Colombia and Venezuela
|-
|[[File:Chestnut wood quail (Odontophorus hyperythrus).jpg|120px]] || [[Chestnut wood quail]] || ''Odontophorus hyperythrus''|| Colombia.
|-
|[[File:Dark-backed wood quail (Odontophorus melanonotus).jpg|120px]] || [[Dark-backed wood quail]] || ''Odontophorus melanonotus''||Colombia and Ecuador
|-
⚫
| || [[Rufous-breasted wood quail]] || ''Odontophorus speciosus''||Bolivia, Ecuador, and Peru
|-
⚫
| || [[Tacarcuna wood quail]] || ''Odontophorus dialeucos''|| Colombia and Panama.
|-
⚫
| || [[Gorgeted wood quail]] || ''Odontophorus strophium''|| Colombia
|-
⚫
| || [[Venezuelan wood quail]] || ''Odontophorus columbianus''|| Venezuela
|-
⚫
| || [[Black-breasted wood quail]] || ''Odontophorus leucolaemus''||Costa Rica and Panama
|-
| || [[Stripe-faced wood quail]] || ''Odontophorus balliviani''|| southern Peru and Bolivia
|-
⚫
| || [[Starred wood quail]] || ''Odontophorus stellatus''|| Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, and Peru
|-
|[[File:Spotted Wood Quail, Costa Rica, January 2018 (27083973248).jpg|120px]] || [[Spotted wood quail]] || ''Odontophorus guttatus''||Central America from southern Mexico to western Panama
|-
|}


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
* Hilty, '' Birds of Venezuela'', ISBN 0-7136-6418-5
* Madge and McGowan,''Pheasants, Partridges and Grouse'' ISBN 0-7136-3966-0
* Hilty, '' Birds of Venezuela'', {{ISBN|0-7136-6418-5}}
* Stiles and Skutch, ''A guide to the birds of Costa Rica'' ISBN 0-8014-9600-4
* Madge and McGowan,''Pheasants, Partridges and Grouse'' {{ISBN|0-7136-3966-0}}
* Stiles and Skutch, ''A guide to the birds of Costa Rica'' {{ISBN|0-8014-9600-4}}
* Johnsgard, [http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/johnsgard/19/ "The American Wood Quails ''Odontophorus''"] ''World Pheasant Association Journal'' 4 (1979), pp. 93-99.


{{Pangalliformes|Ph.|state=collapsed}}
[[Category:Odontophoridae]]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1080907}}
[[Category:Genera of birds]]


[[br:Odontophorus]]
[[Category:Odontophorus]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Louis Pierre Vieillot]]
[[ca:Odontophorus]]
[[eo:Arbarkoturnoj]]
⚫
[[es:Odontophorus (aves)]]
[[fr:Tocro]]
[[hu:Odontophorus]]
[[nl:Odontophorus]]
[[pl:Odontophorus]]
[[pt:Odontophorus]]
[[fi:Metsäviiriäiset]]

Latest revision as of 11:57, 31 December 2023

Wood quail
Odontophorus leucolaemus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Galliformes
Family: Odontophoridae
Subfamily: Odontophorinae
Genus: Odontophorus
Vieillot, 1816
Type species
Tetrao gujanensis (marbled wood quail)
Species

See species list

The wood quails are birds in the genus Odontophorus of the New World quail family, which are residents in forests in the Americas.[1] The core range of the genus is centered in the lowlands and foothills of the northern Andes of Colombia and the mountain ranges of Central America; however, some species occur elsewhere in tropical and subtropical South America.

These are shy species, and as a consequence are amongst the most difficult galliform birds to study or even observe. The best chance of seeing wood quail is at dawn or dusk, when they may feed at the side of a road or on a forest track in family groups up to 12 birds. Nevertheless, when protected, they can become surprisingly tame, as has been shown at Paz de las Aves near Mindo, Ecuador, with the dark-backed wood quail.

Wood quail are 22–30 cm long, dumpy, short-tailed, stout-billed partridge-like birds with a bushy crest. The upper parts are dark brown, and the under parts are black, grey, brown, or rufous. Some species have a striking black and white throat or facial markings. The sexes are similar, but in some species, the female has a duller-coloured crest, and in others the under parts are more rufous or grey than in the male. The advertising calls are loud and distinctive duets consisting of repeated phrases, and are often the only indication that wood quail are present.

For most wood quail, information has mainly come from specimens, and breeding behaviour and habits are little known. The majority of species, including the relatively widespread spotted wood quail have never had their nests described.

Those species for which the feeding habits are known forage on the ground, scratching at the soil for seeds, fallen fruit, and insects. Wood quail are typically shy and wary; they normally make good their escape on foot, but if startled, explode into a short, fast flight into dense cover.

All wood quail species have been adversely affected by hunting and, in particular, rampant deforestation. Several species with restricted ranges are now considered threatened.

Taxonomy

[edit]

The genus Odontophorus was introduced in 1816 by the French ornithologist Louis Pierre Vieillot to accommodate a single species, the marbled wood quail, which is therefore the type species.[2][3] The genus name Odontophorus is from Ancient Greek meaning "bearing teeth", from odous "tooth" and pherō "to carry".[4] The genus now contains 15 species.[5]

Species

[edit]
Image Common name Name Distribution
Marbled wood quail Odontophorus gujanensis Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela
Spot-winged wood quail Odontophorus capueira Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay, and formerly in Uruguay
Black-eared wood quail Odontophorus melanotis Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama
Rufous-fronted wood quail Odontophorus erythrops Colombia and Ecuador
Black-fronted wood quail Odontophorus atrifrons Colombia and Venezuela
Chestnut wood quail Odontophorus hyperythrus Colombia.
Dark-backed wood quail Odontophorus melanonotus Colombia and Ecuador
Rufous-breasted wood quail Odontophorus speciosus Bolivia, Ecuador, and Peru
Tacarcuna wood quail Odontophorus dialeucos Colombia and Panama.
Gorgeted wood quail Odontophorus strophium Colombia
Venezuelan wood quail Odontophorus columbianus Venezuela
Black-breasted wood quail Odontophorus leucolaemus Costa Rica and Panama
Stripe-faced wood quail Odontophorus balliviani southern Peru and Bolivia
Starred wood quail Odontophorus stellatus Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, and Peru
Spotted wood quail Odontophorus guttatus Central America from southern Mexico to western Panama

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Johnsgard, "The American Wood Quails Odontophorus" World Pheasant Association Journal 4 (1979), pp. 93–99.
  2. ^ Vieillot, Louis Pierre (1816). Analyse d'une Nouvelle Ornithologie Élémentaire (in French). Paris: Deterville/self. p. 51.
  3. ^ Peters, James Lee, ed. (1934). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 2. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 51.
  4. ^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 280. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
  5. ^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2022). "Megapodes, guans, guineafowl, New World quail". IOC World Bird List Version 12.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
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