Polyxenus fasciculatus: Difference between revisions

Polyxenus fasciculatus
Conservation status
	; Secure (NatureServe)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Myriapoda
Class:	Diplopoda
Order:	Polyxenida
Family:	Polyxenidae
Genus:	Polyxenus
Species:	P. fasciculatus
Binomial name
	Polyxenus fasciculatus; Say, 1821

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Polyxenus fasciculatus is a species of polyxenid millipede about 2 millimetres (0.079 in) long which is notable for its use of detachable bristles which entangle predatory ants. The bristles have grappling hooks at the tip which lock on to the setae of an ant, and barbs along their length which cause them to interlink .^[2] The species can be found in the eastern United States, in a region stretching from Maryland to Illinois to Texas. It has also been found in the Caribbean Islands and Canary Islands.^[3]

References

^ "Polyxenus fasciculatus - Say, 1821". NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life [web application]. Version 7.1. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. 11 July 2011. Retrieved December 27, 2014.
^ Thomas Eisner, Maria Eisner and Mark Deyrup (October 1996). "Millipede defense: use of detachable bristles to entangle ants" (PDF). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 93 (20): 10848–10851. Bibcode:1996PNAS...9310848E. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.20.10848. PMC 38244. PMID 8855269.
^ Hoffman, R. L. (1999). "Checklist of the millipeds of North and Middle America". Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publications. 8: 1–553. p. 13

This myriapoda-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[NatureServe-1] "Polyxenus fasciculatus - Say, 1821". NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life [web application]. Version 7.1. NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia. 11 July 2011. Retrieved December 27, 2014.

[2] Thomas Eisner, Maria Eisner and Mark Deyrup (October 1996). "Millipede defense: use of detachable bristles to entangle ants" (PDF). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 93 (20): 10848–10851. Bibcode:1996PNAS...9310848E. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.20.10848. PMC 38244. PMID 8855269.

[Hoffman_1999-3] Hoffman, R. L. (1999). "Checklist of the millipeds of North and Middle America". Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publications. 8: 1–553. p. 13

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Species of millipede}}
-{{Taxobox
+{{Speciesbox
-| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
+| image =
-| phylum = [[Arthropod]]a
+| status = G5
-| subphylum = [[Myriapoda]]
+| status_system = TNC
-| classis = [[Millipede|Diplopoda]]
+| status_ref = <ref name=NatureServe>{{cite web|url=http://explorer.natureserve.org/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Polyxenus+fasciculatus|title=Polyxenus fasciculatus - Say, 1821|date=11 July 2011|website=NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life [web application]. Version 7.1.|publisher= NatureServe, Arlington, Virginia|accessdate=December 27, 2014}}</ref>
-| ordo = [[Polyxenida]]
+| genus = Polyxenus
-| familia = ''[[Polyxenidae]]''
+| species = fasciculatus
-| genus = ''[[Polyxenus]]''
+| authority = [[Thomas Say|Say]], 1821
-| species = '''''P. fasciculatus'''''
-| binomial = ''Polyxenus fasciculatus''
-| binomial_authority = [[Thomas Say|Say]], 1821
 }}
-'''''Polyxenus fasciculatus''''' is a species of [[millipede]] about {{convert|2|mm|in}} long which is notable for its use of detachable [[bristle]]s which entangle predatory [[ant]]s. The bristles have [[grappling hook]]s at the tip which lock on to the [[seta]]e of an ant, and [[barb]]s along their length which cause them to interlink&nbsp;<ref>{{cite journal |quotes=no | author = Thomas Eisner, Maria Eisner and Mark Deyrup | title= Millipede defense: use of detachable bristles to entangle ants | journal = [[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences]] | volume = 93 |month = October | pages = 10848–10851 | year = 1996 |url=http://www.pnas.org/content/93/20/10848.full.pdf}}</ref>.
+'''''Polyxenus fasciculatus''''' is a species of [[polyxenida|polyxenid]] [[millipede]] about {{convert|2|mm|in}} long which is notable for its use of detachable [[bristle]]s which entangle predatory [[ant]]s. The bristles have [[grappling hook]]s at the tip which lock on to the [[seta]]e of an ant, and [[wikt:barb|barb]]s along their length which cause them to interlink&nbsp;.<ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1073/pnas.93.20.10848 | author = Thomas Eisner, Maria Eisner and Mark Deyrup | title= Millipede defense: use of detachable bristles to entangle ants | journal = [[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences]] | volume = 93 |date=October 1996 | pages = 10848–10851 |url=http://www.pnas.org/content/93/20/10848.full.pdf | issue=20 | pmid=8855269 | pmc=38244| bibcode = 1996PNAS...9310848E | doi-access = free }}</ref> The species can be found in the eastern United States, in a region stretching from Maryland to Illinois to Texas. It has also been found in the [[Caribbean Islands]] and [[Canary Islands]].<ref name="Hoffman 1999">{{cite journal|last=Hoffman |first=R. L. |title=Checklist of the millipeds of North and Middle America |journal=Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publications |year=1999 |volume=8 |pages=1–553}} p. 13</ref>
 ==References==
-{{reflist}}
+{{Reflist}}
+{{Taxonbar|from=Q3719280}}
+[[Category:Polyxenida]]
-{{arthropod-stub}}
+[[Category:Animals described in 1821]]
+[[Category:Millipedes of North America]]
-[[Category:Millipedes]]
+{{myriapoda-stub}}
-[[Category:Species described in 1821]]