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{{Short description|Road in South Australia}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2014}}
{{Use Australian English|date=September 2014}}
{{Use Australian English|date=September 2014}}
{{Infobox Australian road | type=road
{{Infobox Australian road
| type = road
| road_name = Main North Road
| road_name = Main North Road
| state = sa
| state = sa
| image = MainNorth1.jpg
| image = MainNorth1.jpg
| caption = Looking south at Main North Road's southern (city) end. According to signage, this section is not a part of the National Highway.
| caption = Looking south at Main North Road's southern (city) end
| length = 307
| length = 41.8
| length_ref = <ref name="gmaps">{{google maps |url=https://www.google.com.au/maps/dir/-34.5715136,138.7464218/-34.9018917,138.5946475/@-34.7357683,138.5618585,11.64z/data=!4m14!4m13!1m10!3m4!1m2!1d138.7491258!2d-34.5976544!3s0x6ab9ffc6023483b7:0xcb2b040e41d8374d!3m4!1m2!1d138.7335982!2d-34.6289529!3s0x6ab7553b062aea3d:0x2537d43f847c81ad!1m0!3e0 |title=Main North Road |access-date=27 November 2023}}</ref>
| length_ref=<ref name="Google"/>
| direction_a = North
| end_a = {{AUshield|N|A1}} [[Augusta Highway]], [[Winninowie, South Australia|Winninowie]] near [[Port Augusta, South Australia]]
| coordinates_a = {{coord|32.627|S|137.916|E|type:landmark|display=inline}}
| direction_b = South
| end_b = Barton Terrace and O'Connell Street, [[North Adelaide]]
| coordinates_b = {{coord|34.902|S|138.594|E|type:landmark|display=inline}}
| est =
| through = [[Wilmington, South Australia|Wilmington]], [[Gladstone, South Australia|Gladstone]], [[Clare, South Australia|Clare]], [[Giles Corner, South Australia|Giles Corner]], [[Gawler, South Australia|Gawler]], [[Elizabeth, South Australia|Elizabeth]]
| route = {{plainlist|
| route = {{plainlist|
*{{AUshield|SA|B56}} B56
*{{AUshield|SA|B19}} B19 {{small|(1998–present)<br />(Gawler–Evanston South)}}
*{{AUshield|SA|A20}} A20 {{small|(2017–present)<br />(Evanston South–Gepps Cross)}}
*<small>(Winninowie-Wilmington)</small>
*{{AUshield|SA|B82}} B82
*{{AUshield|SA|A1}} A1 {{small|(2017–present)<br />(Gepps Cross–North Adelaide)}}
*<small>(Wilmington-Giles Corner)</small>
*{{AUshield|SA|A32}} A32
*<small>(Giles Corner-Gawler)</small>
*{{AUshield|SA|A20}} A20
*<small>(Gawler-Gepps Cross)</small>
*{{AUshield|SA|A1}} A1
*<small>(Gepps Cross-North Adelaide)</small>
}}
}}
| former = {{plainlist|
| former = {{plainlist|
*{{AUshield|R|56}} National Route 56
*{{AUshield|SA|A52}} A52 {{small|(2010–2017)}}
*{{AUshield|NH|A20}} National Highway A20 {{small|(1998–2010)}}
*<small>(Stirling North-Wilmington)</small>
*{{AUshield|R|32}} National Route 32
*{{AUshield|NH|20}} National Highway 20 {{small|(1992–1998)}}
*{{AUshield|NR|20}} National Route 20 {{small|(1955–1992)<br />(Gawler–Gepps Cross)}}
*<small>(Giles Corner-Gawler)</small>
*{{AUshield|N|A20}} National Highway A20
*{{AUshield|NH|A1}} National Highway A1 {{small|(1998–2017)}}
*{{AUshield|NH|1}} National Highway 1 {{small|(1974–1998)}}
*<small>(Gawler-Gepps Cross) before 2010</small>
*{{AUshield|NR|1}} National Route 1 {{small|(1955–1974)<br />(Gepps Cross–North Adelaide)}}
*{{AUshield|SA|A52}} A52
*<small>(Gawler-Gepps Cross) 2010–2016</small>
*{{AUshield|N|1}} National Highway 1
*<small>(Gepps Cross-North Adelaide)</small>
}}
}}
| direction_a = North
| direction_b = South
| mapframe = no
| coordinates_a = {{coord|-34.571557|138.746434|type:landmark_region:AU-SA|display=inline}}
| coordinates_b = {{coord|-34.901921|138.594486|type:landmark_region:AU-SA|display=inline}}
| pushpin_label_position_a = top
| pushpin_label_position_b = bottom
| end_a = {{AUshield|SA|B82}} '''[[Horrocks Highway]]'''<br />{{small|[[Gawler, South Australia]]}}
| end_b = '''[[Prospect Road]]<br />[[O'Connell Street, North Adelaide|O'Connell Street]]'''<br />{{small|[[North Adelaide]]}}
| exits = {{plainlist|
| exits = {{plainlist|
*{{AUshield|SA|B82}} [[Horrocks Highway]]
*{{AUshield|SA|A20}} [[Sturt Highway]]
*{{AUshield|SA|B56}} [[Wilmington-Ucolta Road]]
*{{AUshield|SA|B19}} [[Barossa Valley Way]]
*{{AUshield|SA|B64}} [[Goyder Highway]]
*{{AUshield|SA|A9}} [[Salisbury Highway|John Rice Avenue]]
*{{AUshield|SA|B64}} Gulnare-Spalding Road
*{{AUshield|SA|A16}} [[Grand Junction Road]]
*{{AUshield|SA|B80}} Clare-Peterborough Road
*{{AUshield|SA|A1}} [[Port Wakefield Highway|Port Wakefield Road]]
*{{AUshield|SA|R1}} [[City Ring Route, Adelaide|Robe Terrace]] [[North Adelaide, South Australia]]
*{{AUshield|SA|R1}} [[City Ring Route, Adelaide|Robe Terrace]]}}
| region = [[Barossa Light and Lower North]], [[Northern Adelaide]], [[Eastern Adelaide]]<ref name="SARegions">{{cite web |url=https://location.sa.gov.au/viewer/?map=hybrid&x=136.19383&y=-32.61774&z=7&uids=20 |title=Location SA Map viewer with regional layers |publisher=[[Government of South Australia]] |accessdate=16 June 2022}}</ref>
}}
| through = {{SAcity|Elizabeth|Salisbury|Gepps Cross|Medindie}}
}}
}}
'''Main North Road''' is the major north–south arterial route through the suburbs north of the [[Adelaide City Centre]] in the city of [[Adelaide]], [[South Australia]], and linking to [[Gawler, South Australia|Gawler]] on Adelaide's outer north-eastern fringes.<ref>{{cite book |title=2003 Adelaide Street Directory, 41st Edition |publisher=UBD (A Division of Universal Press Pty Ltd) |year=2003 |isbn=0-7319-1441-4}}</ref><ref name="SAlocs" />


==Route==
'''Main North Road''' is the major north-south arterial route through the suburbs north of the [[Adelaide City Centre]] in the city of [[Adelaide]], [[South Australia]].<ref>{{cite book |title=2003 Adelaide Street Directory, 41st Edition |publisher=UBD (A Division of Universal Press Pty Ltd) |year=2003 |isbn=0-7319-1441-4}}</ref> It continues north through the settled areas of South Australia and is a total of {{convert|307|km}} long, from [[North Adelaide]] to {{convert|21|km}} out of [[Port Augusta, South Australia|Port Augusta]].<ref name="Google"/> It follows the route established in the early years of the colony by explorer [[John Ainsworth Horrocks|John Horrocks]] and was a major route for farmers and graziers to reach the capital, passing through rich farmland and the [[Clare Valley wine region]]. In 2011, the section of road between Gawler to Wilmington was renamed '''Horrocks Highway'''.<ref name="rename"/>
Main North Road commences at the interchange with [[Sturt Highway]] and continues south into central Gawler as a single carriageway, two-lane road, where it crosses the [[North Para River|North Para]] and [[South Para River|South Para]] Rivers, and the [[Barossa Valley Way]] branches to the east between them. Leaving Gawler, the road widens to a four-lane, dual-carriageway road and passes through [[Smithfield, South Australia|Smithfield]] and [[Elizabeth, South Australia|Elizabeth]], before crossing the [[Little Para River]]. It continues through the outer northern suburbs, passing [[Salisbury, South Australia|Salisbury]] and [[Mawson Lakes, South Australia|Mawson Lakes]], before eventually reaching the major intersection at [[Gepps Cross, South Australia|Gepps Cross]]. Here the road forks, with [[Port Wakefield Road]] (A1 – [[Highway 1 (Australia)|National Highway 1]]) continuing to the north, and the Main North Road turning south and passes through the suburbs of [[Enfield, South Australia|Enfield]] and [[Blair Athol, South Australia|Blair Athol]], [[Nailsworth, South Australia|Nailsworth]] and [[Prospect, South Australia|Prospect]], reaching [[City Ring Route, Adelaide|Fitzroy]] and [[City Ring Route, Adelaide|Robe Terrace]]s in [[Medindie, South Australia|Medindie]]. It passes through the [[Adelaide Parklands]], before eventually terminating at the intersection of [[O'Connell Street, North Adelaide|O'Connell Street]], [[Prospect Road]] and Barton Terrace West in [[North Adelaide]].


==Horrocks Highway==
===Commuter route===
In the metropolitan area, Main North Road is a major commuter route to the [[central business district]] in the [[Adelaide city centre]].
Main North Road from Gawler to Wilmington was renamed to '''Horrocks Highway''' in 2011 to honour [[John Ainsworth Horrocks|John Horrocks]], an early explorer and pioneer in the region.<ref name="rename">{{cite news |url=http://covers.ruralpress.com/frontpages/110/57487.pdf |date=31 August 2011 |accessdate=4 September 2014 |title=Highways renamed |work=The Flinders News |publisher=Rural Press}}</ref> However while Main North Road turns west in Wilmington through [[Horrocks Pass]] to join the [[Augusta Highway]] as route B56, route B82 carries the name Horrocks Highway north to [[Quorn, South Australia|Quorn]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.plainsproducer.com.au/?p=5691 |title=Highway One gets a change of name |work=Plains Producer |date=19 August 2011 |accessdate=4 September 2014}}</ref>


The portion of Main North Road between the city centre and [[Mawson Lakes, South Australia|Mawson Lakes]] is a 15-minute public transport 'Go Zone', with the maximum wait for a bus being 15 minutes during peak times (7:30&nbsp;am – 6:30&nbsp;pm weekdays) and 30 minutes on weekends and evenings.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.adelaidemetro.com.au/FAQs#faq-994 |title=FAQs: What is a Go Zone? |work=AdelaideMetro.com.au |access-date=24 March 2015}}</ref> Bus routes via Main North Road generally begin with the prefix "22x". The bus service is provided by [[SouthLink]] for [[Adelaide Metro]].
==Route description==
Main North Road branches from the northern end of O'Connell Street ([[North Adelaide]]) and passes through the [[Adelaide Parklands]] and the suburbs of [[Thorngate, South Australia|Thorngate]], [[Medindie, South Australia|Medindie]], [[Medindie Gardens, South Australia|Medindie Gardens]], [[Nailsworth, South Australia|Nailsworth]], [[Prospect, South Australia|Prospect]], [[Sefton Park, South Australia|Sefton Park]], [[Blair Athol, South Australia|Blair Athol]] and [[Enfield, South Australia|Enfield]] before reaching the major intersection at [[Gepps Cross, South Australia|Gepps Cross]]. Here the road forks, with the [[Port Wakefield Road]] (A1 - [[Highway 1 (Australia)|National Highway 1]]) continuing to the north, and the Main North Road turning northeast and continuing as route A20.


==History==
It continues through the outer northern suburbs, passing [[Mawson Lakes, South Australia|Mawson Lakes]] and [[Salisbury, South Australia|Salisbury]], crossing the [[Little Para River]] and passing [[Elizabeth, South Australia|Elizabeth]] and [[Smithfield, South Australia|Smithfield]] before entering [[Gawler, South Australia|Gawler]]. In Gawler, it crosses the [[South Para River|South Para]] and [[North Para River|North Para]] Rivers, and the [[Barossa Valley Way]] branches to the east between them. Just north of Gawler, it passes under the [[Sturt Highway]] which heads east to the [[Barossa Valley]], [[Riverland]], northern [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] and [[New South Wales]].
Main North Road previously continued north past Gawler through [[Tarlee, South Australia|Tarlee]], [[Clare, South Australia|Clare]], [[Gladstone, South Australia|Gladstone]] and [[Wilmington, South Australia]], then via [[Horrocks Pass]] to end at [[Winninowie, South Australia|Winninowie]], following the route established in the early years of the colony by explorer [[John Ainsworth Horrocks|John Horrocks]] as a major route for farmers and graziers to reach the capital, passing through rich farmland and the [[Clare Valley wine region]]. In 2011, the section of road between [[Wilmington, South Australia|Wilmington]] and Gawler in SA's mid-north was renamed [[Horrocks Highway]] – to honour [[John Ainsworth Horrocks|John Horrocks]], an early explorer and pioneer in the region<ref name="rename">{{cite news |url=http://covers.ruralpress.com/frontpages/110/57487.pdf |date=31 August 2011 |access-date=4 September 2014 |title=Highways renamed |work=The Flinders News |publisher=Rural Press |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140904123416/http://covers.ruralpress.com/frontpages/110/57487.pdf |archive-date=4 September 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> – and the section between Wilmington and Winninowie re-declared as Horrocks Pass Road, with the existing declaration of Main North Road truncated to officially begin at Gawler instead.


Main North Road was allocated National Routes 1 (between Gepps Cross and North Adelaide) and 20 (between Gawler and Gepps Cross) in 1955. The [[Whitlam government]] introduced the federal ''National Roads Act 1974'',<ref name=NRA1974>{{cite Legislation AU|Cth|num_act|nra1974151|National Roads Act 1974}}</ref> where roads declared as a National Highway were still the responsibility of the states for road construction and maintenance, but were fully compensated by the Federal government for money spent on approved projects.<ref name=NRA1974 />{{rp|S7}} As an important interstate link between the capitals of Adelaide and Western Australia, Main North Road was declared a National Highway in 1974, and was consequently re-allocated National Highway 1 between Gepps Cross and North Adelaide; National Route 20 was also later declared a National Highway in 1992 as part of the interstate link between Adelaide and New South Wales, and also re-allocated as National Highway 20 between Gawler and Gepps Cross. With the state's conversion to the newer alphanumeric system in 1998, its route numbers was updated to National Highway A1 between Gepps Cross and North Adelaide (and later to just route A1 in 2017), and National Highway A20 between Gawler and Gepps Cross, with route B19 declared along the old alignment through southern Gawler from [[Gawler Bypass]] to [[Barossa Valley Way]].
This is where the name Horrocks Highway takes over from the historic name of Main North Road. The environment changes from the urban environment to undulating land, mostly cleared for grain [[crop]]ping. Several of the towns have grain storage bunkers or silos. It crosses the [[Light River (South Australia)|Light River]] then crosses and follows the [[Gilbert River (South Australia)|Gilbert River]] to where the [[Barrier Highway]] branches northeast towards [[Riverton, South Australia|Riverton]] and [[Burra, South Australia|Burra]].


In late 2010 when [[Northern Expressway]] was completed, National Highway A20 was diverted to the new road as National Highway M20: Main North Road and the southern section of Gawler Bypass Road were then designated as route A52. In late 2016, the Northern Expressway was designated M2, and the designation of Main North Road was reverted back as route A20 to Gepps Cross.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://data.sa.gov.au/data/dataset/trailblazer-roads |title=Road Route Numbers (Trail Blazer) |work=Data SA |publisher=Government of South Australia |date=8 November 2016 |access-date=16 October 2017}}</ref>
Over the next ridge, it crosses the [[Wakefield River]] and enters the southern end of the [[Clare Valley]]. The dominant scenery changes from grain crops to grapevines from [[Auburn, South Australia|Auburn]] to [[Clare, South Australia|Clare]], then returns to grain fields again north of the [[Hutt River (South Australia)|Hutt River]] as it passes through the Southern [[Flinders Ranges]]. It crosses the [[Broughton River (South Australia)|Broughton River]] near [[Yacka, South Australia|Yacka]] and on to [[Wilmington, South Australia|Wilmington]] at the eastern side of [[Horrocks Pass]]. As the Horrocks Highway is in the valley between the southern [[Flinders Ranges]] and northern [[Mount Lofty Ranges]], it is in the relatively wetter climate south of [[Goyder's Line]].


==Major intersections==
At Wilmington, Main North Road diverges from the Horrocks Highway. Main North Road turns northwest from Wilmington to pass through [[Horrocks Pass]] to [[Winninowie, South Australia|Winninowie]] where it meets the [[Augusta Highway]] {{convert|21|km}} south of [[Port Augusta, South Australia|Port Augusta]]. The Horrocks Highway continues northwards from Wilmington to [[Quorn, South Australia|Quorn]].<ref name="State roads">{{cite map |publisher=Government of South Australia |title=Rural road maps |map=Mid North |mapurl=https://www.sa.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/8698/State_Road_Maps_Mid_North.pdf |url=https://www.sa.gov.au/topics/housing-property-and-land/local-government/rural-road-maps |date=16 December 2013 |series=Naming of State Rural Roads |format=PDF |isbn= |id=Rack Plan 869 |ref= |accessdate=31 January 2016}}</ref>
{{AUSinttop|LGA_ref=<ref name="SALGAs">{{cite web |url=https://location.sa.gov.au/viewer/?map=hybrid&x=136.19383&y=-32.61774&z=7&uids=11 |title=Location SA Map viewer with LGA layers |publisher=[[Government of South Australia]] |accessdate=16 June 2022}}</ref>|location_ref=<ref name="gmaps" /><ref name="SAlocs">{{cite web |url=https://location.sa.gov.au/viewer/?map=hybrid&x=136.19383&y=-32.61774&z=7&uids=19 |title=Location SA Map viewer with suburb layers |publisher=[[Government of South Australia]] |accessdate=16 June 2022}}</ref>|length_ref=<ref name="gmaps" />}}

==Commuter route==
In the metropolitan area, the road is a major commuter route to the [[central business district]] in the [[Adelaide city centre]].

The portion of Main North Road between the city centre and [[Mawson Lakes, South Australia|Mawson Lakes]] is a 15-minute public transport 'Go Zone', with the maximum wait for a bus being 15 minutes during peak times (7:30&nbsp;am – 6:30&nbsp;pm weekdays) and 30 minutes on weekends and evenings.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.adelaidemetro.com.au/FAQs#faq-994 |title=FAQs: What is a Go Zone? |work=AdelaideMetro.com.au |accessdate=24 March 2015}}</ref> Bus routes via Main North Road generally begin with the prefix "22x". The bus service is provided by [[SouthLink]] for [[Adelaide Metro]].

==Route numbers==
From [[North Adelaide]], the route numbers used along the road are:
*{{AUshield|SA|A1}} '''A1''' to [[Gepps Cross, South Australia|Gepps Cross]], where it becomes National Highway&nbsp;A1 (part of the national [[Highway 1 (Australia)|Highway 1]]) and continues as [[Port Wakefield Road]] to [[Perth]]
*{{AUshield|SA|A20}} '''A20''' to north of [[Gawler, South Australia|Gawler]], where National Highway&nbsp;A20 follows the [[Sturt Highway]] towards [[Sydney]].
*{{AUshield|SA|B82}} '''B82''' through the [[Clare Valley]] and beyond to [[Wilmington, South Australia|Wilmington]].
*{{AUshield|SA|B56}} '''B56''' to [[Winninowie, South Australia|Stirling North]], {{convert|6|km}} south-east of [[Port Augusta, South Australia|Port Augusta]].

In late 2010 when the [[Northern Expressway]] was completed, National Highway A20 was diverted to the new road as National Highway&nbsp;M20. Main North Road and the southern section of the Gawler Bypass Road were then designated as State Route A52. In late 2016, the Northern Expressway was designated M2, and route 20 returned to Main North Road as state route A20 to Gepps Cross.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://data.sa.gov.au/data/dataset/trailblazer-roads |title=Road Route Numbers (Trail Blazer) |work=Data SA |publisher=Government of South Australia |date=8 November 2016 |accessdate=16 October 2017}}</ref>

{{AUSinttop |dest_ref=<ref name="State roads"/> |length_ref=<ref name="Google">{{google maps |url=https://www.google.com.au/maps/dir/-34.90205,138.5944351/-32.6273397,137.9158093/@-33.7506189,137.2245999,8z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m34!4m33!1m30!3m4!1m2!1d138.594431!2d-34.9020323!3s0x6ab0c8d945594f07:0x1303365449720c20!3m4!1m2!1d138.6754742!2d-34.7319045!3s0x6ab0b27c26b4e487:0xc3be96b51c73c633!3m4!1m2!1d138.7446356!2d-34.6065073!3s0x6ab9ffd9363d05fd:0x8fc8d086f018188!3m4!1m2!1d138.6205321!2d-33.8576902!3s0x6abbd12042b48691:0x13033654493a9ab1!3m4!1m2!1d138.3267133!2d-33.2458703!3s0x6abc75f0458b93c9:0x130336544941ea01!3m4!1m2!1d138.2193337!2d-32.8440961!3s0x6abc5c9edb4d8a01:0x13033654494a8511!1m0!3e0?hl=en |accessdate=31 January 2016}}</ref>}}
{{SAint
{{SAint
|LGAT=Gawler
|LGAC=Port Augusta
|LGAspan=
|LGAspan=2
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|location=Gawler Belt
|lspan=
|type=
|km=0
|road={{AUshield|N|A1}} [[Augusta Highway]] (National Highway A1), {{convert|21|km}} south of [[Port Augusta]]
|notes=As {{AUshield|SA|B56}}
}}
{{SAint
|LGADC=Mount Remarkable
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|lspan=2
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|type=trans
|km=20
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|road={{AUshield|SA|B82}} [[Horrocks Highway]] (B82) – [[Quorn, South Australia|Quorn]]
|notes={{AUshield|SA|B56}} west, {{AUshield|SA|B82}} south
|road={{AUshield|SA|B82}} [[Horrocks Highway]] (B82){{SAcity|p=on|Clare|Wilmington|Quorn}}
|notes=Northern terminus of road, continues north as Horrocks Highway
}}
}}
{{SAint
{{SAint
|km=none
|type=concur
|road={{AUshield|SA|A20}} [[Sturt Highway]] (A20){{SAcity|p=on|Adelaide|Nuriootpa|Renmark}}
|km=23
|road={{AUshield|SA|B56}} [[Wilmington-Ucolta Road]] (B56) – [[Orroroo, South Australia|Orroroo]]
|notes={{AUshield|SA|B56}} and {{AUshield|SA|B82}} concurrent for {{convert|3|km}} south of Wilmington
}}
{{SAint
|location=Murray Town
|lspan=2
|type=
|km=59
|road=Nukunu Yarta Way – [[Booleroo Centre, South Australia|Booleroo Centre]]
|notes=
|notes=
}}
}}
{{Jctbridge
{{SAint
|river=[[North Para River]]
|type=
|km=62
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|bridge=Bridge over the river (bridge name unknown)
|road=Germein Gorge Road – [[Port Germein, South Australia|Port Germein]]
|notes=
}}
}}
{{SAint
{{SAint
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|bridge=''[[Barossa Valley railway line]]''
|km=90
|road=Possum Park Road – {{SAcity|Crystal Brook}}
|notes=
}}
}}
{{SAint
{{SAint
|type=trans
|location=Gladstone
|km=3.2
|lspan=
|road={{AUshield|SA|B19}} [[Barossa Valley Way]] (B19){{SAcity|p=on|Lyndoch|Tanunda|Nuriootpa}}
|type=
|notes=Route B19 continues south (as Adelaide Road)
|km=100
|road={{AUshield|SA|B79}} [[Wilkins Highway]] (B79) – {{SAcity|Crystal Brook|Jamestown|Hallett}}
|notes=
}}
}}
{{Jctbridge
{{SAint
|river=[[South Para River]]
|location=Gulnare
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|lspan=
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|type=concur
|km=122
|road={{AUshield|SA|B64}} [[Goyder Highway]] (B64) – {{SAcity|Crystal Brook}} / {{AUshield|SA|B64}} [[Goyder Highway]] (B64) – {{SAcity|Spalding|Burra|Morgan|Renmark}}
|notes=concurrent for {{convert|2|km}}
}}
}}
{{SAint
{{SAint
|LGAT=Gawler
|LGA-DC=Wakefield
|LGAspan=
|LGAspan=2
|location=Brinkworth
|location=Evanston South
|km=4.1
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|road={{AUshield|SA|B77}} Twelfth Street (B77){{SAcity|p=on|Gawler River|Two Wells}}
|type=
|km=150
|road=Condowie Plain Road – {{SAcity|Snowtown}}
|notes=
|notes=
}}
}}
{{SAint
{{SAint
|location_special={{SAcity|Evanston}}–{{SAcity|Evanston Park}}–{{SAcity|Evanston South}} tripoint
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|km=7.7
|location=Bungaree
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|lspan=
|notes=Northeast-bound entrance from and southwest-bound exit to Main North Road only<br />Western terminus of route B19<br />Route A20 continues southwest along Main North Road
|type=
|km=163
|road= {{AUshield|SA|B80}} [[RM Williams Way]] (B80) – {{SAcity|Spalding|Jamestown}}
|notes=
}}
}}
{{SAint
{{SAint
|LGAC=Playford
|location=Clare
|location_special={{SAcity|Elizabeth Vale}}–{{SAcity|Hillbank}} boundary
|lspan=
|km=21.9
|type=
|road={{AUshield|SA|A9}} [[Salisbury Highway|John Rice Avenue]] (A9){{SAcity|p=on|Salisbury|Port Adelaide}}
|km=175
|road=Blyth Road – [[Blyth, South Australia|Blyth]] / Farrell Flat Road – [[Burra, South Australia|Burra]]
|notes=
|notes=
}}
}}
{{Jctbridge
{{SAint
|river=[[Little Para River]]
|location=Auburn
|km=22.8
|lspan=
|bridge=Bridge over the river (bridge name unknown)
|type=concur
|km=200
|road={{AUshield|SA|B84}} Saddleworth Road (B84) – [[Saddleworth, South Australia|Saddleworth]] / Balaklava Road (B84) – {{SAcity|Balaklava|Port Wakefield}}
|notes=concurrent for {{convert|200|m}} in the town
}}
}}
{{SAint
{{SAint
|LGAC=Salisbury
|location=Giles Corner
|lspan=
|type=trans
|km=225
|road= {{AUshield|SA|A32}} [[Barrier Highway]] (A32) – {{SAcity|Burra|Hallett}}, [[Broken Hill, New South Wales|Broken Hill]]
|notes=
}}
{{SAint
|location=Tarlee
|lspan=
|type=
|km=230
|road=Tarlee Road – [[Kapunda, South Australia|Kapunda]]
|notes=
}}
{{SAint
|LGA-RC=Light
|LGAspan=3
|LGAspan=3
|location_special={{SAcity|Salisbury Park}}–{{SAcity|Salisbury Plain}}–{{SAcity|Salisbury Heights}} tripoint
|location=Templers
|km=24.4
|lspan=
|road={{AUshield|SA|A11}} The Grove Way (A11 southeast){{SAcity|p=on|Golden Grove}}<br />Saints Road (northwest){{SAcity|p=on|Salisbury Plain}}
|type=
|km=253
|road=Templers Road – [[Freeling, South Australia|Freeling]] / Owen Road – {{SAcity|Hamley Bridge|Owen|Balaklava}}
|notes=
|notes=
}}
}}
{{SAint
{{SAint
|location_special={{SAcity|Salisbury South}}–{{SAcity|Salisbury East}}–{{SAcity|Parafield}}–{{SAcity|Para Hills West}} quadripoint
|location=Gawler Belt
|km=27.9
|lspan=2
|road={{AUshield|SA|A18}} [[McIntyre Road, Adelaide|McIntyre Road]] (A18 southeast){{SAcity|p=on|Modbury}}<br />{{AUshield|SA|A18}} [[Kings Road, Adelaide|Kings Road]] (A18 northwest){{SAcity|p=on|Salisbury Downs}}
|type=
|km=264
|road= {{AUshield|SA|B81}} [[Thiele Highway]] (B81) – {{SAcity|Freeling|Kapunda|Eudunda|Morgan}}
|notes=
|notes=
}}
}}
{{SAint
{{SAint
|location_special={{SAcity|Mawson Lakes}}–{{SAcity|Pooraka}} boundary
|type=trans
|km=265
|km=32.9
|road= {{AUshield|N|A20}} [[Sturt Highway]] (A20) – {{SAcity|Nuriootpa|Renmark|Adelaide}}
|road=[[Montague Road, Adelaide|Montague Road]]{{SAcity|p=on|Cavan|Modbury}}
|notes={{AUshield|SA|B82}} Horrocks Highway north, {{AUshield|SA|A20}} Gawler Bypass south
}}
{{SAint
|LGAT=Gawler
|LGAspan=
|location=Gawler
|lspan=
|type=trans
|km=268
|road={{AUshield|SA|B19}} [[Barossa Valley Way|Adelaide Road]] (B19) – {{SAcity|Lyndoch|Tanunda|Nuriootpa}}
|notes=[[Gawler bypass road|Gawler Bypass]] north, Main North Road south.
}}
{{SAint
|LGAC=Playford
|LGAspan=
|location=Elizabeth Vale
|lspan=
|type=
|km=287
|road={{AUshield|SA|A9}} [[Salisbury Highway|John Rice Avenue]] (A9) – {{SAcity|Salisbury|Port Adelaide}}
|notes=
}}
{{SAint
|LGAC=Salisbury
|LGAspan=
|location_special={{SAcity|Salisbury South|Salisbury East|Parafield|Para Hills West}}
|lspan=
|type=
|km=293
|road={{AUshield|SA|A18}} [[Kings Road, Adelaide|Kings Road]] / [[McIntyre Road, Adelaide|McIntyre Road]]
|notes=
|notes=
}}
}}
{{SAint
{{SAint
|LGAC=Port Adelaide Enfield
|LGAC=Port Adelaide Enfield
|LGAspan=
|location=Gepps Cross
|location=Gepps Cross
|lspan=
|type=trans
|type=trans
|km=300
|km=35.3
|road={{AUshield|N|A16}} Grand Junction Road (A16)
|road={{AUshield|SA|A1}} [[Port Wakefield Highway|Port Wakefield Road]] (A1 north){{SAcity|p=on|Waterloo Corner|Port Wakefield}}<br />{{AUshield|SA|A16}} [[Grand Junction Road]] (A16 east, west){{SAcity|p=on|Port Adelaide|Northfield}}
|notes={{small |Was A1 south of here before 2016}}
|notes=Southern terminus of route A20<br />Route A1 continues south along Main North Road
}}
}}
{{SAint
{{SAint
|LGA=[[City of Prospect|Prospect]]–[[Port Adelaide Enfield]] boundary
|LGAC=Prospect
|location_special={{SAcity|Prospect}}–{{SAcity|Enfield}}–{{SAcity|Sefton Park}} tripoint
|LGAC2=Port Adelaide Enfield
|km=38.2
|LGAspan=
|road=[[Regency Road, Adelaide|Regency Road]]{{SAcity|p=on|Kilkenny|Greenacres}}
|location_special={{SAcity|Prospect|Enfield|Sefton Park}}
|lspan=
|type=
|km=303
|road=[[Regency Road, Adelaide|Regency Road]]
|notes=
|notes=
}}
}}
{{SAint
{{SAint
|LGA=[[City of Prospect]], [[Town of Walkerville]], [[City of Adelaide]]
|LGA=[[City of Prospect|Prospect]]–[[Town of Walkerville|Walkerville]]–[[City of Adelaide|Adelaide]] tripoint
|location_special={{SAcity|Thorngate}}–{{SAcity|Medindie}}–{{SAcity|North Adelaide}} tripoint
|LGAspan=
|type=trans
|location_special={{SAcity|Thorngate|Medindie|North Adelaide}}
|km=41.2
|lspan=
|road={{AUshield|SA|R1}} [[City Ring Route, Adelaide|Fitzroy Terrace]] (R1 west){{SAcity|p=on|Hindmarsh|Thebarton}}<br />{{AUshield|SA|R1}} [[City Ring Route, Adelaide|Robe Terrace]] (R1 east){{SAcity|p=on|Kent Town|Dulwich}}
|type=
|notes=Route A1 north from here, unallocated south
|km=306
|road={{AUshield|SA|R1}} [[City Ring Route, Adelaide]] (R1)
|notes={{AUshield|SA|A20}} north from here
}}
}}
{{SAint
{{SAint
|LGAC=Adelaide
|LGAC=Adelaide
|LGAspan=
|location=North Adelaide
|location=North Adelaide
|km=41.6
|lspan=
|type=trans
|type=trans
|road=[[O'Connell Street, North Adelaide|O'Connell Street]] (south){{SAcity|p=on|North Adelaide}}, [[Adelaide city centre|Adelaide CBD]]<br />[[Prospect Road]] (north){{SAcity|p=on|Prospect}}<br />Barton Terrace West (west){{SAcity|p=on|North Adelaide}}
|km=307
|notes=Southern terminus of road
|road=Continues as O'Connell Street
|notes=
}}
}}
{{Jctbtm |keys=concur,trans}}
{{Jctbtm|keys=incomplete,trans}}


==See also==
==See also==

Latest revision as of 12:56, 9 January 2024

Main North Road

South Australia
Looking south at Main North Road's southern (city) end
Main North Road is located in South Australia
North end
North end
South end
South end
Coordinates
General information
TypeRoad
Length41.8 km (26 mi)[1]
Route number(s)
  • B19 (1998–present)
    (Gawler–Evanston South)
  • A20 (2017–present)
    (Evanston South–Gepps Cross)
  • A1 (2017–present)
    (Gepps Cross–North Adelaide)
Former
route number
  • A52 (2010–2017)
  • National Highway A20 (1998–2010)
  • National Highway 20 (1992–1998)
  • National Route 20 (1955–1992)
    (Gawler–Gepps Cross)
  • National Highway A1 (1998–2017)
  • National Highway 1 (1974–1998)
  • National Route 1 (1955–1974)
    (Gepps Cross–North Adelaide)
Major junctions
North end Horrocks Highway
Gawler, South Australia
 
South endProspect Road
O'Connell Street
North Adelaide
Location(s)
RegionBarossa Light and Lower North, Northern Adelaide, Eastern Adelaide[2]
Major suburbsElizabeth, Salisbury, Gepps Cross, Medindie

Main North Road is the major north–south arterial route through the suburbs north of the Adelaide City Centre in the city of Adelaide, South Australia, and linking to Gawler on Adelaide's outer north-eastern fringes.[3][4]

Route

[edit]

Main North Road commences at the interchange with Sturt Highway and continues south into central Gawler as a single carriageway, two-lane road, where it crosses the North Para and South Para Rivers, and the Barossa Valley Way branches to the east between them. Leaving Gawler, the road widens to a four-lane, dual-carriageway road and passes through Smithfield and Elizabeth, before crossing the Little Para River. It continues through the outer northern suburbs, passing Salisbury and Mawson Lakes, before eventually reaching the major intersection at Gepps Cross. Here the road forks, with Port Wakefield Road (A1 – National Highway 1) continuing to the north, and the Main North Road turning south and passes through the suburbs of Enfield and Blair Athol, Nailsworth and Prospect, reaching Fitzroy and Robe Terraces in Medindie. It passes through the Adelaide Parklands, before eventually terminating at the intersection of O'Connell Street, Prospect Road and Barton Terrace West in North Adelaide.

Commuter route

[edit]

In the metropolitan area, Main North Road is a major commuter route to the central business district in the Adelaide city centre.

The portion of Main North Road between the city centre and Mawson Lakes is a 15-minute public transport 'Go Zone', with the maximum wait for a bus being 15 minutes during peak times (7:30 am – 6:30 pm weekdays) and 30 minutes on weekends and evenings.[5] Bus routes via Main North Road generally begin with the prefix "22x". The bus service is provided by SouthLink for Adelaide Metro.

History

[edit]

Main North Road previously continued north past Gawler through Tarlee, Clare, Gladstone and Wilmington, South Australia, then via Horrocks Pass to end at Winninowie, following the route established in the early years of the colony by explorer John Horrocks as a major route for farmers and graziers to reach the capital, passing through rich farmland and the Clare Valley wine region. In 2011, the section of road between Wilmington and Gawler in SA's mid-north was renamed Horrocks Highway – to honour John Horrocks, an early explorer and pioneer in the region[6] – and the section between Wilmington and Winninowie re-declared as Horrocks Pass Road, with the existing declaration of Main North Road truncated to officially begin at Gawler instead.

Main North Road was allocated National Routes 1 (between Gepps Cross and North Adelaide) and 20 (between Gawler and Gepps Cross) in 1955. The Whitlam government introduced the federal National Roads Act 1974,[7] where roads declared as a National Highway were still the responsibility of the states for road construction and maintenance, but were fully compensated by the Federal government for money spent on approved projects.[7]: S7  As an important interstate link between the capitals of Adelaide and Western Australia, Main North Road was declared a National Highway in 1974, and was consequently re-allocated National Highway 1 between Gepps Cross and North Adelaide; National Route 20 was also later declared a National Highway in 1992 as part of the interstate link between Adelaide and New South Wales, and also re-allocated as National Highway 20 between Gawler and Gepps Cross. With the state's conversion to the newer alphanumeric system in 1998, its route numbers was updated to National Highway A1 between Gepps Cross and North Adelaide (and later to just route A1 in 2017), and National Highway A20 between Gawler and Gepps Cross, with route B19 declared along the old alignment through southern Gawler from Gawler Bypass to Barossa Valley Way.

In late 2010 when Northern Expressway was completed, National Highway A20 was diverted to the new road as National Highway M20: Main North Road and the southern section of Gawler Bypass Road were then designated as route A52. In late 2016, the Northern Expressway was designated M2, and the designation of Main North Road was reverted back as route A20 to Gepps Cross.[8]

Major intersections

[edit]
LGA[9]Location[1][4]km[1]miDestinationsNotes
GawlerGawler Belt0.00.0 Horrocks Highway (B82) – Clare, Wilmington, QuornNorthern terminus of road, continues north as Horrocks Highway
Sturt Highway (A20) – Adelaide, Nuriootpa, Renmark
North Para River2.31.4Bridge over the river (bridge name unknown)
GawlerGawler2.91.8Barossa Valley railway line
3.22.0 Barossa Valley Way (B19) – Lyndoch, Tanunda, NuriootpaRoute B19 continues south (as Adelaide Road)
South Para River4.02.5Bridge over the river (bridge name unknown)
GawlerEvanston South4.12.5 Twelfth Street (B77) – Gawler River, Two Wells
Evanston–Evanston Park–Evanston South tripoint7.74.8 Gawler Bypass (A20 north) – Nuriootpa, RenmarkNortheast-bound entrance from and southwest-bound exit to Main North Road only
Western terminus of route B19
Route A20 continues southwest along Main North Road
PlayfordElizabeth Vale–Hillbank boundary21.913.6 John Rice Avenue (A9) – Salisbury, Port Adelaide
Little Para River22.814.2Bridge over the river (bridge name unknown)
SalisburySalisbury Park–Salisbury Plain–Salisbury Heights tripoint24.415.2 The Grove Way (A11 southeast) – Golden Grove
Saints Road (northwest) – Salisbury Plain
Salisbury South–Salisbury East–Parafield–Para Hills West quadripoint27.917.3 McIntyre Road (A18 southeast) – Modbury
Kings Road (A18 northwest) – Salisbury Downs
Mawson Lakes–Pooraka boundary32.920.4Montague Road – Cavan, Modbury
Port Adelaide EnfieldGepps Cross35.321.9 Port Wakefield Road (A1 north) – Waterloo Corner, Port Wakefield
Grand Junction Road (A16 east, west) – Port Adelaide, Northfield		Southern terminus of route A20
Route A1 continues south along Main North Road
Prospect–Port Adelaide Enfield boundaryProspect–Enfield–Sefton Park tripoint38.223.7Regency Road – Kilkenny, Greenacres
Prospect–Walkerville–Adelaide tripointThorngate–Medindie–North Adelaide tripoint41.225.6 Fitzroy Terrace (R1 west) – Hindmarsh, Thebarton
Robe Terrace (R1 east) – Kent Town, Dulwich		Route A1 north from here, unallocated south
AdelaideNorth Adelaide41.625.8O'Connell Street (south) – North Adelaide, Adelaide CBD
Prospect Road (north) – Prospect
Barton Terrace West (west) – North Adelaide		Southern terminus of road
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c "Main North Road" (Map). Google Maps. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  2. ^ "Location SA Map viewer with regional layers". Government of South Australia. Retrieved 16 June 2022.
  3. ^ 2003 Adelaide Street Directory, 41st Edition. UBD (A Division of Universal Press Pty Ltd). 2003. ISBN 0-7319-1441-4.
  4. ^ a b "Location SA Map viewer with suburb layers". Government of South Australia. Retrieved 16 June 2022.
  5. ^ "FAQs: What is a Go Zone?". AdelaideMetro.com.au. Retrieved 24 March 2015.
  6. ^ "Highways renamed" (PDF). The Flinders News. Rural Press. 31 August 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 September 2014. Retrieved 4 September 2014.
  7. ^ a b National Roads Act 1974 (Cth)
  8. ^ "Road Route Numbers (Trail Blazer)". Data SA. Government of South Australia. 8 November 2016. Retrieved 16 October 2017.
  9. ^ "Location SA Map viewer with LGA layers". Government of South Australia. Retrieved 16 June 2022.
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