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{{Short description|None}}
{{Short description|None}}
[[File:ParqueEolicoLousa.JPG|thumb|Wind farm at [[Lousã]]]]
[[File:ParqueEolicoLousa.JPG|thumb|Wind farm at [[Lousã]]]]
Wind power is a major source of electricity in Portugal. At the end of 2020, wind power capacity in Continental Portugal was 5,456 MW.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Evolution of the Installed Capacity of the Different Sources of Electricity Generation in Portugal between 2000 and 2020|url=https://www.apren.pt/en/renewable-energies/power/|access-date=2020-07-01|website=APREN}}</ref> In 2020, wind power represented 23.7% of total electricity generation.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Evolution of the Electricity Generation in Mainland Portugal|url=https://www.apren.pt/en/renewable-energies/production|access-date=2021-07-01|website=APREN}}</ref>
'''Wind power'''' is a major source of [[energy in Portugal]]. At the end of 2020, wind power capacity in Continental Portugal was 5,456 MW.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Evolution of the Installed Capacity of the Different Sources of Electricity Generation in Portugal between 2000 and 2020|url=https://www.apren.pt/en/renewable-energies/power/|access-date=2020-07-01|website=APREN}}</ref> In 2020, wind power represented 23.7% of total electricity generation.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Evolution of the Electricity Generation in Mainland Portugal|url=https://www.apren.pt/en/renewable-energies/production|access-date=2021-07-01|website=APREN}}</ref>


The record of wind power generation was achieved on November 22, 2019 with 103.1 GWh produced <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pplware.sapo.pt/informacao/portugal-producao-eolica-atingiu-maximo-historico-em-novembro/|title=Portugal: Recorde na produção de energia eólica com 103,1 GWh|date=2019-12-03|website=Pplware|access-date=2020-02-03}}</ref>
The record of wind power generation was achieved on November 22, 2019 with 103.1 GWh produced <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pplware.sapo.pt/informacao/portugal-producao-eolica-atingiu-maximo-historico-em-novembro/|title=Portugal: Recorde na produção de energia eólica com 103,1 GWh|date=2019-12-03|website=Pplware|access-date=2020-02-03}}</ref>


== Offshore wind power ==
== History ==
⚫
{| class="wikitable floatright"
⚫
As of 2023 there were no commercial offshore wind parks in operation although interest had been shown by a number of companies to develop the industry. The first offshore wind auction is scheduled for 2024. <ref>{{cite web |title=50 Developers Express Interest to Build Wind Farms Offshore Portugal |url=https://www.offshorewind.biz/2023/11/16/50-developers-express-interest-to-develop-wind-farms-offshore-portugal/ |date=16 November 2023}}</ref>
|+ Wind power [[nameplate capacity]] in Portugal since 2000

⚫
== Onshore wind power ==
⚫
In 1995 the law in Portugal was changed to permit wind energy to access the electricity grid. A 1999 change to the feed in tariff encouraged development, the tariff has been changed several times since then.<ref name="iren91"/>
{{col-start}}
{{col-3}}
⚫
{| class="wikitable"
!colspan=2|[[Nameplate capacity]]
|-
|-
!Year <ref name="iren91">{{cite web |title=PORTUGAL |url=https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2013/GWEC/GWEC_Portugal.pdf?la=en&hash=9AC1FCF27CBEF69846F1FDDBCE5434E2DD79267F |access-date=9 January 2024}}</ref>
!Year <ref name="iren91">{{cite web |title=PORTUGAL |url=https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2013/GWEC/GWEC_Portugal.pdf?la=en&hash=9AC1FCF27CBEF69846F1FDDBCE5434E2DD79267F |access-date=9 January 2024}}</ref>
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|-
|-
|align="center"| 2009 ||align="right"| 3,590
|align="center"| 2009 ||align="right"| 3,590
|-
|}
{{col-3}}
{| class="wikitable"
!colspan=2|[[Nameplate capacity]]
|-
!Year
!MW
|-
|-
|align="center"| 2010 ||align="right"| 4,038
|align="center"| 2010 ||align="right"| 4,038
Line 59: Line 44:
|align="center"| 2015 ||align="right"| 4,922
|align="center"| 2015 ||align="right"| 4,922
|-
|-
|align="center"| 2016 ||align="right"|
|align="center"| 2016 ||align="right"| 5,033
|-
|-
|align="center"| 2017 ||align="right"|
|align="center"| 2017 ||align="right"| 5,313
|-
|-
|align="center"| 2018 ||align="right"| 5,368
|align="center"| 2018 ||align="right"| 5,368
|-
|-
|align="center"| 2019 ||align="right"|
|align="center"| 2019 ||align="right"|
|-
|}
{{col-3}}
{| class="wikitable"
!colspan=2|[[Nameplate capacity]]
|-
!Year
!MW
|-
|-
|align="center"| 2020 ||align="right"| 5,456
|align="center"| 2020 ||align="right"| 5,456
|-
|-
|align="center"| 2021 ||align="right"|
|align="center"| 2021 ||align="right"| 5,628
|-
|-
|}
|}
{{col-end}}


⚫
In 1995 the law in Portugal was changed to permit wind energy to access the electricity grid. A 1999 change to the feed in tariff encouraged development, the tariff has been changed several times since then.<ref name="iren91"/>
⚫
===Regional trends===

⚫
In 2013, Portugal installed 196 MW of wind power.<ref name="ewea.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.ewea.org/fileadmin/files/library/publications/statistics/EWEA_Annual_Statistics_2013.pdf |access-date=2023-10-07 | title=Wind in power - 2013 European statistics}}</ref> In 2015, the MW of wind power didn't change in comparison with 2014, remaining at 4922,88 MW.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://e2p.inegi.up.pt/|title=E2P - energias endógenas de portugal|website=e2p.inegi.up.pt}}</ref>

⚫
At the end of 2020, wind power capacity in Continental Portugal was 5,456 MW.<ref name=":0" />

⚫
==Regional trends==
{| class="wikitable" style="float: right; margin-left: 10px"
{| class="wikitable" style="float: right; margin-left: 10px"
|+ Installed windpower capacity (MW)
|+ Installed windpower capacity (MW)
Line 141: Line 123:
Viseu is the ''distrito'' with the largest installed capacity, followed by Coimbra, Vila Real and Castelo Branco.
Viseu is the ''distrito'' with the largest installed capacity, followed by Coimbra, Vila Real and Castelo Branco.


===Major wind farms===
==Major wind farms==
The 240 MW [[Alto Minho Wind Farm]] in the [[Viana do Castelo District|Viana do Castelo]] district became fully operational in November, 2008 when Portugal's Economy Minister Manuel Pinho inaugurated it.<ref name="yahoo_alto_minho">{{Cite web |url= http://in.news.yahoo.com/43/20081127/982/tsc-europe-s-biggest-wind-energy-park-in.html |title=Europe's biggest wind energy park inaugurated in Portugal |date=November 27, 2008 |publisher=[[Yahoo News]] |access-date=2008-12-05}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> At the time of completion it was Europe's largest on-shore wind farm.<ref name="tremlett2008">{{Cite web
The 240 MW [[Alto Minho Wind Farm]] in the [[Viana do Castelo District|Viana do Castelo]] district became fully operational in November, 2008 when Portugal's Economy Minister Manuel Pinho inaugurated it.<ref name="yahoo_alto_minho">{{Cite web |url= http://in.news.yahoo.com/43/20081127/982/tsc-europe-s-biggest-wind-energy-park-in.html |title=Europe's biggest wind energy park inaugurated in Portugal |date=November 27, 2008 |publisher=[[Yahoo News]] |access-date=2008-12-05}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> At the time of completion it was Europe's largest on-shore wind farm.<ref name="tremlett2008">{{Cite web
|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2008/dec/02/portugal-wind-power |title=Europe's biggest wind farm switches on |first=Giles |last=Tremlett |date=2008-12-02 |publisher=[[guardian.co.uk]] |access-date=2008-12-05}}</ref>
|url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2008/dec/02/portugal-wind-power |title=Europe's biggest wind farm switches on |first=Giles |last=Tremlett |date=2008-12-02 |publisher=[[guardian.co.uk]] |access-date=2008-12-05}}</ref>
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Other wind farms include: The Pampilhosa Wind Farm (114 MW) that uses Vestas V90 turbines;<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thewindpower.net/windfarm_en_4045_pampilhosa-da-serrar.php|title=Pampilhosa da Serra (Portugal) - Wind farms - Online access - The Wind Power|website=www.thewindpower.net}}</ref> The Caramulo Wind Farm with a capacity of 90 MW, using Enercon E-70 E4 and E82/2000 turbines;<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thewindpower.net/windfarm_en_624_caramulo.php|title = Caramulo (Portugal) - Wind farms - Online access - the Wind Power}}</ref> and the Candeeiros Wind Farm with a capacity of 111 MW, using Vestas V90 turbines.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thewindpower.net/windfarm_en_2613_serra-dos-candeeiros.php|title=Serra dos Candeeiros (Portugal) - Wind farms - Online access - The Wind Power|website=www.thewindpower.net}}</ref>
Other wind farms include: The Pampilhosa Wind Farm (114 MW) that uses Vestas V90 turbines;<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thewindpower.net/windfarm_en_4045_pampilhosa-da-serrar.php|title=Pampilhosa da Serra (Portugal) - Wind farms - Online access - The Wind Power|website=www.thewindpower.net}}</ref> The Caramulo Wind Farm with a capacity of 90 MW, using Enercon E-70 E4 and E82/2000 turbines;<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thewindpower.net/windfarm_en_624_caramulo.php|title = Caramulo (Portugal) - Wind farms - Online access - the Wind Power}}</ref> and the Candeeiros Wind Farm with a capacity of 111 MW, using Vestas V90 turbines.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thewindpower.net/windfarm_en_2613_serra-dos-candeeiros.php|title=Serra dos Candeeiros (Portugal) - Wind farms - Online access - The Wind Power|website=www.thewindpower.net}}</ref>


⚫
== Offshore wind power ==
⚫
Portugal also has 2 MW of offshore capacity<ref name="e2p.inegi.up.pt"/> in the [[Floating wind turbine#WindFloat|floating wind turbine WindFloat]] near the [[Aguçadoura Wave Farm]] in [[Póvoa de Varzim]]. It achieved successful testing, and it was transferred to Viana do Castelo in 2016 with planned expansion and renamed ''Windfloat Atlantic'', and the Póvoa de Varzim site will foster a new technology.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://expresso.sapo.pt/economia/economina_energia/2016-06-02-Primeiro-projeto-eolico-offshore-em-Portugal-conclui-fase-de-testes|title=Primeiro projeto eólico offshore em Portugal conclui fase de testes}}</ref>
⚫
As of 2023 there were no commercial offshore wind parks in operation although interest had been shown by a number of companies to develop the industry. The first offshore wind auction is scheduled for 2024. <ref>{{cite web |title=50 Developers Express Interest to Build Wind Farms Offshore Portugal |url=https://www.offshorewind.biz/2023/11/16/50-developers-express-interest-to-develop-wind-farms-offshore-portugal/ |date=16 November 2023}}</ref>

⚫
In 2013, Portugal installed 196 MW of wind power.<ref name="ewea.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.ewea.org/fileadmin/files/library/publications/statistics/EWEA_Annual_Statistics_2013.pdf |access-date=2023-10-07 | title=Wind in power - 2013 European statistics}}</ref> In 2015, the MW of wind power didn't change in comparison with 2014, remaining at 4922,88 MW.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://e2p.inegi.up.pt/|title=E2P - energias endógenas de portugal|website=e2p.inegi.up.pt}}</ref>

⚫
At the end of 2020, wind power capacity in Continental Portugal was 5,456 MW.<ref name=":0" />


⚫
Portugal has 2 MW of experimental offshore capacity<ref name="e2p.inegi.up.pt"/> in the [[Floating wind turbine#WindFloat|floating wind turbine WindFloat]] near the [[Aguçadoura Wave Farm]] in [[Póvoa de Varzim]]. It achieved successful testing, and it was transferred to Viana do Castelo in 2016 with planned expansion and renamed ''Windfloat Atlantic'', and the Póvoa de Varzim site will foster a new technology.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://expresso.sapo.pt/economia/economina_energia/2016-06-02-Primeiro-projeto-eolico-offshore-em-Portugal-conclui-fase-de-testes|title=Primeiro projeto eólico offshore em Portugal conclui fase de testes}}</ref>
<!-- == Offshore wind auctions ==
<!-- == Offshore wind auctions ==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
{|class="wikitable sortable"
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|-
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==See also==
==See also==
{{portal|Portugal|Renewable energy}}
{{portal|Portugal|Renewable energy}}

Latest revision as of 11:36, 10 January 2024

Wind farm at Lousã

Wind power' is a major source of energy in Portugal. At the end of 2020, wind power capacity in Continental Portugal was 5,456 MW.[1] In 2020, wind power represented 23.7% of total electricity generation.[2]

The record of wind power generation was achieved on November 22, 2019 with 103.1 GWh produced [3]

History

[edit]
Wind power nameplate capacity in Portugal since 2000
Year [4] MW
2000 100
2001 131
2002 195
2003 296
2004 522
2005 1,022
2006 1,590
2007 2,413
2008 3,187
2009 3,590
2010 4,038
2011 4,379
2012 4,525
2013 4,724
2014 4,922
2015 4,922
2016 5,033
2017 5,313
2018 5,368
2019
2020 5,456
2021 5,628

In 1995 the law in Portugal was changed to permit wind energy to access the electricity grid. A 1999 change to the feed in tariff encouraged development, the tariff has been changed several times since then.[4]

In 2013, Portugal installed 196 MW of wind power.[5] In 2015, the MW of wind power didn't change in comparison with 2014, remaining at 4922,88 MW.[6]

At the end of 2020, wind power capacity in Continental Portugal was 5,456 MW.[1]

[edit]
Installed windpower capacity (MW)
Rank District 2008[7] 2009[8] 2013[9]
1 Viseu 635.3 651.3 934.5
2 Coimbra 302.8 449.8 599.5
3 Vila Real 156.7 270.7 589.9
4 Castelo Branco 386.5 430.5 462.1
5 Lisboa 273.9 313.5 358.6
6 Viana do Castelo 308.8 356.0 342.6
7 Guarda 115.3 162.5 343.0
8 Leiria 172.9 252.3 272.6
9 Faro 75.0 135.0 209.2
10 Braga 121.0 147.9 148.3
11 Santarém 103.9 103.9 125.9
12 Porto 73.7 80.0 79.1
13 Bragança 14.0 74.0 74.0
14 Beja 10.0 26.0 50.0
15 Madeira 8.7 26.6 46.2
16 Aveiro 42.1 42.1 42.1
17 Açores 11.6 11.6 32.4
18 Setúbal 18.7 18.7 18.7
19 Évora 0.0 0.0 0.0
20 Portalegre 0.0 0.0 0.0
Portugal total (MW) 2832 3535[10] 4731 [9]

Most of the Portuguese wind capacity is located in the north-northeast distritos. Viseu is the distrito with the largest installed capacity, followed by Coimbra, Vila Real and Castelo Branco.

Major wind farms

[edit]

The 240 MW Alto Minho Wind Farm in the Viana do Castelo district became fully operational in November, 2008 when Portugal's Economy Minister Manuel Pinho inaugurated it.[11] At the time of completion it was Europe's largest on-shore wind farm.[12] The wind farm began generating electricity in 2007, with production increasing as more wind turbines came online, reflecting the modular nature of wind farms. The wind farm consists of 68 Enercon E-82 2MW wind turbines and 52 Enercon E-70 E4 2MW turbines, totaling 136 MW and 104 MW, respectively.[13] The wind farm will produce 552 GWh annually, avoiding 370,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions.[11]

Other major wind farms include: Arada-Montemuro Wind Farm (112 MW), Gardunha Wind Farm (106 MW), Pinhal Interior Wind Farm (144 MW), Ventominho Wind Farm (240 MW).

Other wind farms include: The Pampilhosa Wind Farm (114 MW) that uses Vestas V90 turbines;[14] The Caramulo Wind Farm with a capacity of 90 MW, using Enercon E-70 E4 and E82/2000 turbines;[15] and the Candeeiros Wind Farm with a capacity of 111 MW, using Vestas V90 turbines.[16]

Offshore wind power

[edit]

As of 2023 there were no commercial offshore wind parks in operation although interest had been shown by a number of companies to develop the industry. The first offshore wind auction is scheduled for 2024. [17]

Portugal has 2 MW of experimental offshore capacity[9] in the floating wind turbine WindFloat near the Aguçadoura Wave Farm in Póvoa de Varzim. It achieved successful testing, and it was transferred to Viana do Castelo in 2016 with planned expansion and renamed Windfloat Atlantic, and the Póvoa de Varzim site will foster a new technology.[18]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Evolution of the Installed Capacity of the Different Sources of Electricity Generation in Portugal between 2000 and 2020". APREN. Retrieved 2020-07-01.
  2. ^ "Evolution of the Electricity Generation in Mainland Portugal". APREN. Retrieved 2021-07-01.
  3. ^ "Portugal: Recorde na produção de energia eólica com 103,1 GWh". Pplware. 2019-12-03. Retrieved 2020-02-03.
  4. ^ a b "PORTUGAL" (PDF). Retrieved 9 January 2024.
  5. ^ "Wind in power - 2013 European statistics" (PDF). Retrieved 2023-10-07.
  6. ^ "E2P - energias endógenas de portugal". e2p.inegi.up.pt.
  7. ^ Rodrigues, Álvaro (December 2008). "Wind farms in Portugal" (PDF). Retrieved 2008-12-05.
  8. ^ Rodrigues, Álvaro (December 2009). "Wind farms in Portugal" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-02-18.
  9. ^ a b c "Wind Farms in Portugal" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-04-25.
  10. ^ "Wind in power - 2009 European statistics" (PDF). Retrieved 2023-10-07.
  11. ^ a b "Europe's biggest wind energy park inaugurated in Portugal". Yahoo News. November 27, 2008. Retrieved 2008-12-05. [dead link‍]
  12. ^ Tremlett, Giles (2008-12-02). "Europe's biggest wind farm switches on". guardian.co.uk. Retrieved 2008-12-05.
  13. ^ Rodrigues, Álvaro (March 2007). "Wind farms in Portugal" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-07-10. Retrieved 2008-12-05.
  14. ^ "Pampilhosa da Serra (Portugal) - Wind farms - Online access - The Wind Power". www.thewindpower.net.
  15. ^ "Caramulo (Portugal) - Wind farms - Online access - the Wind Power".
  16. ^ "Serra dos Candeeiros (Portugal) - Wind farms - Online access - The Wind Power". www.thewindpower.net.
  17. ^ "50 Developers Express Interest to Build Wind Farms Offshore Portugal". 16 November 2023.
  18. ^ "Primeiro projeto eólico offshore em Portugal conclui fase de testes".
[edit]
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