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{{Infobox weapon
{{Infobox weapon
| name = Canon de 75 antiaérien mle 1913–1917
|name=
| image=French 75mm AA gun Salonika Front WWI LOC LC-USZ62-48585.jpg
| image = French 75mm AA gun Salonika Front WWI LOC LC-USZ62-48585 (cropped).jpg
| image_size = 300px
| image_size = 300
|caption=French canon de 75 mm antiaérien mle 1915 at [[Salonika]] in World War I.
| caption = French canon de 75 mm antiaérien mle 1915 at [[Salonika]] in World War I.
|origin=France
| origin = France
|type=[[Anti-aircraft gun]]
| type = [[Anti-aircraft gun]]
<!-- Type selection -->
<!-- Type selection -->| is_ranged = YES
| is_bladed =
|is_ranged=YES
| is_explosive =
|is_bladed=
| is_artillery = YES
|is_explosive=
| is_vehicle = <!-- Service history -->
|is_artillery=YES
| service = 1914–1945
|is_vehicle=
| used_by = [[France]]<br>[[Finland]]<br>[[German Empire]]<br>[[Nazi Germany]]<br>[[Poland]]<br>[[North Vietnam]]
<!-- Service history -->
| wars = [[World War I]]<br>[[World War II]]<br>[[First Indochina War]]
|service=1914–1945
<!-- Production history -->| designer =
|used_by=France<br>Finland<br>Nazi Germany<br>Poland
| design_date = 1897
|wars=[[World War I]]<br>[[World War II]]
| manufacturer = [[Schneider et Cie]]
<!-- Production history -->
| production_date =
|designer=[[Schneider et Cie]]
| number =
|design_date=1897
| variants = Modèle 1913<br>Modèle 1915<br>Modèle 1917<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Anti-aircraft guns |last=Chamberlain|first=Peter|year=1975|page=8|publisher=Arco Pub. Co|others=Gander, Terry|isbn=978-0-668-03818-8 |location=New York|oclc=2000222}}</ref>
|manufacturer=Schneider et Cie
<!-- General specifications -->| weight = {{convert|3000|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
|production_date=
| length =
|number=
| part_length = {{convert|2.7|m|ftin|abbr=on}} L/33<ref name=":0" />
|variants=Modèle 1913<br>Modèle 1915<br>Modèle 1917<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/2000222|title=Anti-aircraft guns|last=Chamberlain|first=Peter|date=1975|page=8|publisher=Arco Pub. Co|others=Gander, Terry,|isbn=0668038187|location=New York|oclc=2000222}}</ref>
| width =
<!-- General specifications -->
| height =
|weight={{convert|3000|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
| crew = <!-- Ranged weapon specifications -->
|length=
| cartridge = [[Glossary of British ordnance terms#Fixed QF|Fixed QF]] 75 × 350 mm R<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.quarryhs.co.uk/ammotable8.html|title=75–77 mm Calibre Cartridges|website=www.quarryhs.co.uk|access-date=2017-09-07|archive-date=2017-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011053525/http://www.quarryhs.co.uk/ammotable8.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|part_length={{convert|2.7|m|ftin|abbr=on}} L/33<ref name=":0" />
| cartridge_weight = {{convert|6.25|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
|width=
| caliber = {{convert|75|mm|in|abbr=on}}
|height=
| action =
|crew=
| rate = 12 rpm
<!-- Ranged weapon specifications -->
| velocity = {{convert|575|m/s|ft/s|abbr=on}}
|cartridge=Fixed QF 75 × 350 mm R<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.quarryhs.co.uk/ammotable8.html|title=75–77 mm Calibre Cartridges |website=www.quarryhs.co.uk |access-date=2017-09-07}}</ref>
|cartridge_weight={{convert|6.25|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
| range = {{convert|6.5|km|ft|abbr=on}}<ref name=":0" />
| max_range =
|calibre={{convert|75|mm|in|abbr=on}}
|action=
| feed =
| sights = <!-- Artillery specifications -->
|rate=12 rpm
| breech = Nordenfelt eccentric screw
|velocity={{convert|575|m/s|ft/s|abbr=on}}
| recoil = [[Hydraulic recoil mechanism|Hydro-pneumatic]]
|range={{convert|6.5|km|ft|abbr=on}}<ref name=":0" />
| carriage =
|max_range=
| traverse = 360°
|feed=
| elevation = +10° to 70°<ref name=":0" />
|sights=
<!-- Artillery specifications -->
<!-- Bladed weapon specifications -->| blade_type =
| hilt_type =
|breech=Nordenfelt eccentric screw
| head_type =
|recoil=Hydraulic
| haft_type = <!-- Explosive specifications -->
|carriage=
| diameter =
|traverse=360°
| filling =
|elevation=+10° to 70°<ref name=":0" />
| filling_weight =
<!-- Bladed weapon specifications -->
| detonation =
|blade_type=
| yield =
|hilt_type=
|head_type=
|haft_type=
<!-- Explosive specifications -->
|diameter=
|filling=
|filling_weight=
|detonation=
|yield=
}}
}}


Line 63: Line 55:


==History==
==History==
The origins of the modèle 1913–1917 go back to the [[Canon de 75 modèle 1897]] [[field gun]] which was first employed on improvised anti-aircraft mounts, which were typically earthen embankments or scaffolds to get the muzzle pointed skyward. Later in the war, specialised anti-aircraft mounts were developed. These included
The origins of the modèle 1913–1917 go back to the [[Canon de 75 modèle 1897]] [[field gun]] which was first employed on improvised anti-aircraft mounts, which were typically earthen embankments or scaffolds to get the muzzle pointed skyward. Later in the war, specialized anti-aircraft mounts were developed.
* '''Canon de 75&nbsp;mm antiaérien mle 1913''' - a self-propelled version, on the back of a [[De Dion-Bouton]] truck chassis.
* '''Canon de 75&nbsp;mm antiaérien mle 1915''' - a pit mounted high-angle steel girder framework with 360° traverse. There was also a version with a rotating platform mounted on a concrete pedestal.
* '''Canon de 75&nbsp;mm antiaérien mle 1917''' - a single-axle towed version with three outriggers. This had all fire-control equipment mounted on the carriage and was a Schneider design.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40924461|title=The encyclopedia of weapons of World War II|last=Bishop|first=Chris|date=1998|publisher=Barnes & Noble Books|others=|year=|isbn=0760710228|location=New York|pages=150–151|oclc=40924461}}</ref>


These included:
The most common anti-aircraft configuration was a fixed battery of four mle 1915 guns located near cities, factories or military bases. Target range was measured by [[Coincidence rangefinder|optical coincidence rangefinders]] and height by [[Height finder#Optical|optical height finders]] which measured the distance to the target and the elevation angle, which together gave the height of the aircraft. These coordinates were transmitted to a single Brocq fire-control station, which was an electric [[Tachymetric anti-aircraft fire control system|tachymetric]] device that calculated target speed, altitude and direction to determine deflection angles. The deflection calculations were transmitted to displays on each gun for the crew to aim at for barrage fire. The guns themselves had only simple sights and lacked the ability to engage individual targets.<ref name="Routledge">{{cite book|author=Routledge|year=1994|title=History of the Royal regiment of Artillery&nbsp;– Anti-Aircraft Artillery 1914–55|publisher=Brassey's |location=London |ISBN=1-85753-099-3|pages=14–50}}</ref>
* '''Canon de 75&nbsp;mm antiaérien mle 1913''' - a self-propelled version, on the back of a [[De Dion-Bouton]] truck chassis. The gun could be brought into action in five minutes, but its traverse and elevation were slow which combined with a lack of fire direction equipment limited its effectiveness. Puteaux completed 20 self-propelled versions in 1913 and by the end of WWI 196 had been completed.
* '''Canon de 75&nbsp;mm antiaérien mle 1915''' - a pit mounted high-angle steel girder framework which took approximately 24 hours to prepare for firing. There was also a version with a rotating platform mounted on a concrete pedestal. The platform allowed 0° to 75° of elevation and 360° traverse. During the 1930s improvements in aircraft speed and ceiling combined with slow traverse and elevation of the mount rendered them obsolete. In April 1940 approximately 20 mle 1915 were left in service.
* '''Canon de 75&nbsp;mm antiaérien mle 1917''' - a single-axle towed version with three [[Gun carriage#Modern gun carriages|outrigger]]s. This had all fire-control equipment mounted on the carriage and was a Schneider design.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=The encyclopedia of weapons of World War II|url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaweap00bish|url-access=limited|last=Bishop|first=Chris|date=1998|publisher=Barnes & Noble Books|isbn=0760710228|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaweap00bish/page/n149 150]–151|oclc=40924461}}</ref>
*'''[[7.7 cm FlaK L/35]]''' - a [[Krupp]] conversion of captured M1897 field guns to fire German 7.7 cm ammunition. The guns were placed on a modified de Bange [[Canon de 120 mm modèle 1878|120]] or [[De Bange 155 mm cannon|155]] carriage to allow up to 60° of elevation and the guns were mounted on an elevated ring to allow 360° of traverse. By Spring of 1916 every division had a two gun platoon for AA defense and 394 guns were converted. An unknown number of guns were also converted by [[Rheinmetall]] to stationary AA guns. This conversion entailed mounting the guns on a high-angle pedestal mount with a platform and 360° traverse.<ref>{{Cite book|title=German artillery : 1914-1918|last=Fleischer|first=Wolfgang|isbn=9781473823983|location=Barnsley|pages=88|oclc=893163385|date = February 2015}}</ref> When the barrels became worn out they were replaced with German made ones of the same length without the distinctive muzzle roller guides of the French gun.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.passioncompassion1418.com/Canons/Eng_AfficheCanonGET.php?IdCanonAffiche=188|title=7.7cm L/35 Flak Kanone (franz.)|website=www.passioncompassion1418.com|access-date=2 October 2018}}</ref>


The most common anti-aircraft configuration was a fixed battery of four mle 1915 guns located near cities, factories or military bases. Target range was measured by [[Coincidence rangefinder|optical coincidence rangefinders]] and height by [[Height finder#Optical|optical height finders]] which measured the distance to the target and the elevation angle, which together gave the height of the aircraft. These coordinates were transmitted to a single Brocq fire-control station, which was an electric [[Tachymetric anti-aircraft fire control system|tachymetric]] device that calculated target speed, altitude and direction to determine deflection angles. The deflection calculations were transmitted to displays on each gun for the crew to aim at for barrage fire. The guns themselves had only simple sights and lacked the ability to engage individual targets.<ref name="Routledge">{{cite book|author=Routledge|year=1994|title=History of the Royal regiment of Artillery&nbsp;– Anti-Aircraft Artillery 1914–55|publisher=Brassey's |location=London |isbn=1-85753-099-3|pages=14–50}}</ref>
Anti-aircraft effectiveness during the First World War was poor but many of these systems remained in use without improvement until the Second World War. By which time they were nearly useless against faster, higher flying targets. During the late 1920s it was realised that the mle 1897 was outmoded as an anti-aircraft weapon and development of a new gun barrel was begun in 1928. The goals of the rearmament program were faster rate of fire, higher muzzle velocity, increased vertical range, modern fire control and greater mobility with new gun carriages. Priority for armaments was given to the [[Maginot Line]] fortifications being built and work moved at a slow pace. Lack of funds meant all three anti-aircraft versions of the mle 1897 were still in use in large numbers when World War II began in 1939. It is estimated that 913 mle 1897 anti-aircraft guns were still in service in 1940.<ref name=":1" />


Anti-aircraft effectiveness during the First World War was poor but many of these systems remained in use without improvement until the Second World War. By which time they were nearly useless against faster, higher flying targets. During the late 1920s it was realized that the mle 1897 was outmoded as an anti-aircraft weapon and development of a new gun barrel was begun in 1928. The goals of the rearmament program were faster rate of fire, higher muzzle velocity, increased vertical range, modern fire control and greater mobility with new gun carriages. Priority for armaments was given to the [[Maginot Line]] fortifications being built and work moved at a slow pace. Lack of funds meant all three anti-aircraft versions of the mle 1897 were still in use in large numbers when World War II began in 1939. It is estimated that 913 mle 1897 anti-aircraft guns were still in service in 1940.<ref name=":1" />
== Modernizations ==
Some of the first guns to be improved were in fixed emplacements around important targets such as Paris. These mle 1915 guns had their barrels replaced with new 53 calibre barrels built by Schneider. Some mle 1913 self-propelled guns and towed mle 1917 guns also had their barrels replaced to produce the [[Canon de 75 CA modèle 1940 Schneider|Canon de 75 mm contre aéronefs mle 17/34]]. Large numbers of 75&nbsp;mm guns were captured by Germany after the French defeat in 1940.


==Modernizations==
Guns in German service were called
* '''Canon de 75&nbsp;mm antiaérien mle 1928 GB''' - Increases in aircraft performance lead to a proposal in 1925 to improve the capabilities of DCA guns. The ''Manufacture d'Arme de Levallois'' (MLS) proposed replacing the old gun barrels with new 53 caliber barrels with [[muzzle brake]] built by Schneider. This raised muzzle velocity to {{convert|700|m/s|ft/s|abbr=on}} and raised the effective ceiling to {{convert|7500|m|ft|abbr=on}}.
* '''7.5&nbsp;cm FK 97(f)''' - These were un-modernized mle 1897 guns. Some were sold to [[Axis powers#Minor Axis powers|Axis satellites]], some were converted to [[7.5 cm Pak 97/38]] anti-tank guns and others were integrated into [[Atlantic Wall]] defences.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jaegerplatoon.net/AA_GUNS3.htm|title=Finnish Army 1918–1945: Antiaircraft Guns part 3 |website=www.jaegerplatoon.net|access-date=2017-09-07}}</ref>
* '''Canon de 75 mm antiaérien mle 1917/34''' - Some mle 1913 self-propelled guns and towed mle 1917 guns also had their barrels replaced with mle 1928 barrels to produce the [[Canon de 75 CA modèle 1940 Schneider|Canon de 75 mm contre aéronefs mle 17/34]].
* '''7.5&nbsp;cm Flak M.17/34(f)''' - modernised mle 17/34 guns in German service as anti-aircraft guns.<ref name=":1" />
* '''Canon de 75 mm antiaérien mle 1928/39''' - An upgrade of the static mle 1915 platform guns with mle 1928 gun barrels.
* '''Canon de 75 mm antiaérien mle 1932 ABS''' - ''Atelier de Bourges'' (ABS) developed a new gun carriage with four folding cruciform outriggers. It used the same mle 1928 barrel and was equipped with an automatic breech which raised the rate of fire of 25 rounds per minute. The carriage was designed for motor traction and could be towed at {{convert|40|km/h|mi/h|abbr=on}} and could be combat ready in 20 minutes. A total of 332 were in service in May 1940.
* '''Canon de 75 mm antiaérien mle 1933''' - A competing model from Schneider with four folding cruciform outriggers. It used the same mle 1928 barrel, could fire 20 rounds per minute, could be towed at {{convert|8|km/h|mi/h|0|abbr=on}} and could be combat ready in 30 minutes. A total of 192 were in service in May 1940.


==German Service==
== Photo Gallery ==
Large numbers of 75&nbsp;mm guns were captured by Germany after the French defeat in 1940.
<gallery mode="packed" heights="140px">

Guns in German service were called:

* '''7.5&nbsp;cm FK 97(f)''' - These were un-modernized mle 1897 guns. Some were sold to [[Axis powers#Minor Axis powers|Axis satellites]], some were converted to [[7.5 cm Pak 97/38]] anti-tank guns and others were integrated into [[Atlantic Wall]] defenses.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jaegerplatoon.net/AA_GUNS3.htm|title=Finnish Army 1918–1945: Antiaircraft Guns part 3 |website=www.jaegerplatoon.net|access-date=2017-09-07}}</ref>
* '''7.5&nbsp;cm Flak M.17/34(f)''' - Modernized mle 17/34 guns in German service as anti-aircraft guns.<ref name=":1" />

==Photo Gallery==
<gallery widths="125">
File:Nouveau canon antiaérien-Châlons sur Marne.jpeg|An improvised anti-aircraft mount with a mle 1897.
File:Nouveau canon antiaérien-Châlons sur Marne.jpeg|An improvised anti-aircraft mount with a mle 1897.
File:WW II Captured French Autocanon De Dion-Bouton.jpg|A captured mle 1913 in World War II.
File:French 75 mm AA gun Salonika 1917 IWM HU 091353.jpg|A mle 1915 gun at [[Salonika]] in 1917.
File:French 75 mm AA gun Salonika 1917 IWM HU 091353.jpg|A mle 1915 gun at [[Salonika]] in 1917.
File:Wiki Loves Art - Bruxelles - Musée royal de l'armée et de l'histoire militaire - intérieur (10) (cropped).jpg|A Krupp 7.7 cm FlaK L/35 AA gun at the Musée royal de l'armée, Brussels.
File:Canon de 75 mm antiaérien mle 1917.jpg|Canon de 75 mm antiaérien mle 1917.
File:Julien Bryan - Ambulance 646 - French 75mm shell time fuse.jpg|A French time fuse from WWI.
File:Julien Bryan - Ambulance 646 - French 75mm shell time fuse.jpg|A French time fuse from WWI.
File:WWI shells.JPG|French 90&nbsp;mm and 75&nbsp;mm high explosive and shrapnel shells.
</gallery>
</gallery>


== Notes ==
==Notes==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


== External links ==
==External links==
* http://atf40.forumculture.net/t6134-encore-une-question-sur-les-canons-anti-aeriens
* [https://archive.today/20130413183621/http://atf40.forumculture.net/t6134-encore-une-question-sur-les-canons-anti-aeriens]
* http://www.fortlitroz.ch/index.php?page=d28
* http://www.fortlitroz.ch/index.php?page=d28
{{Commons category-inline|Canon de 75 modèle 1897 AA gun}}
{{Commons category-inline|Canon de 75 modèle 1897 AA gun}}
Line 99: Line 102:
{{WWIIFrenchGuns}}
{{WWIIFrenchGuns}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Canon de 75 antiaerien mle 1913-1917}}
[[Category:75 mm artillery]]
[[Category:75 mm artillery]]
[[Category:Anti-aircraft guns of France]]
[[Category:Anti-aircraft guns of France]]
[[Category:World War I anti-aircraft guns]]
[[Category:World War I anti-aircraft guns]]
[[Category:World War II anti-aircraft guns]]
[[Category:World War II anti-aircraft guns]]
[[Category:World War II weapons of France]]
[[Category:World War I artillery of France]]
[[Category:World War II artillery of France]]
[[Category:Schneider Electric]]
[[Category:Schneider Electric]]

Latest revision as of 04:09, 12 January 2024

Canon de 75 antiaérien mle 1913–1917
French canon de 75 mm antiaérien mle 1915 at Salonika in World War I.
TypeAnti-aircraft gun
Place of originFrance
Service history
In service1914–1945
Used byFrance
Finland
German Empire
Nazi Germany
Poland
North Vietnam
WarsWorld War I
World War II
First Indochina War
Production history
Designed1897
ManufacturerSchneider et Cie
VariantsModèle 1913
Modèle 1915
Modèle 1917[1]
Specifications
Mass3,000 kg (6,600 lb)
Barrel length2.7 m (8 ft 10 in) L/33[1]
ShellFixed QF 75 × 350 mm R[2]
Shell weight6.25 kg (13.8 lb)
Caliber75 mm (3.0 in)
BreechNordenfelt eccentric screw
RecoilHydro-pneumatic
Elevation+10° to 70°[1]
Traverse360°
Rate of fire12 rpm
Muzzle velocity575 m/s (1,890 ft/s)
Effective firing range6.5 km (21,000 ft)[1]

The Canon de 75 antiaérien mle 1913–1917 were a family of French 75 mm anti-aircraft guns designed and manufactured by Schneider et Cie at Le Creusot. The guns were used by the French Army during the First World War and Second World War.

History

[edit]

The origins of the modèle 1913–1917 go back to the Canon de 75 modèle 1897 field gun which was first employed on improvised anti-aircraft mounts, which were typically earthen embankments or scaffolds to get the muzzle pointed skyward. Later in the war, specialized anti-aircraft mounts were developed.

These included:

  • Canon de 75 mm antiaérien mle 1913 - a self-propelled version, on the back of a De Dion-Bouton truck chassis. The gun could be brought into action in five minutes, but its traverse and elevation were slow which combined with a lack of fire direction equipment limited its effectiveness. Puteaux completed 20 self-propelled versions in 1913 and by the end of WWI 196 had been completed.
  • Canon de 75 mm antiaérien mle 1915 - a pit mounted high-angle steel girder framework which took approximately 24 hours to prepare for firing. There was also a version with a rotating platform mounted on a concrete pedestal. The platform allowed 0° to 75° of elevation and 360° traverse. During the 1930s improvements in aircraft speed and ceiling combined with slow traverse and elevation of the mount rendered them obsolete. In April 1940 approximately 20 mle 1915 were left in service.
  • Canon de 75 mm antiaérien mle 1917 - a single-axle towed version with three outriggers. This had all fire-control equipment mounted on the carriage and was a Schneider design.[3]
  • 7.7 cm FlaK L/35 - a Krupp conversion of captured M1897 field guns to fire German 7.7 cm ammunition. The guns were placed on a modified de Bange 120 or 155 carriage to allow up to 60° of elevation and the guns were mounted on an elevated ring to allow 360° of traverse. By Spring of 1916 every division had a two gun platoon for AA defense and 394 guns were converted. An unknown number of guns were also converted by Rheinmetall to stationary AA guns. This conversion entailed mounting the guns on a high-angle pedestal mount with a platform and 360° traverse.[4] When the barrels became worn out they were replaced with German made ones of the same length without the distinctive muzzle roller guides of the French gun.[5]

The most common anti-aircraft configuration was a fixed battery of four mle 1915 guns located near cities, factories or military bases. Target range was measured by optical coincidence rangefinders and height by optical height finders which measured the distance to the target and the elevation angle, which together gave the height of the aircraft. These coordinates were transmitted to a single Brocq fire-control station, which was an electric tachymetric device that calculated target speed, altitude and direction to determine deflection angles. The deflection calculations were transmitted to displays on each gun for the crew to aim at for barrage fire. The guns themselves had only simple sights and lacked the ability to engage individual targets.[6]

Anti-aircraft effectiveness during the First World War was poor but many of these systems remained in use without improvement until the Second World War. By which time they were nearly useless against faster, higher flying targets. During the late 1920s it was realized that the mle 1897 was outmoded as an anti-aircraft weapon and development of a new gun barrel was begun in 1928. The goals of the rearmament program were faster rate of fire, higher muzzle velocity, increased vertical range, modern fire control and greater mobility with new gun carriages. Priority for armaments was given to the Maginot Line fortifications being built and work moved at a slow pace. Lack of funds meant all three anti-aircraft versions of the mle 1897 were still in use in large numbers when World War II began in 1939. It is estimated that 913 mle 1897 anti-aircraft guns were still in service in 1940.[3]

Modernizations

[edit]
  • Canon de 75 mm antiaérien mle 1928 GB - Increases in aircraft performance lead to a proposal in 1925 to improve the capabilities of DCA guns. The Manufacture d'Arme de Levallois (MLS) proposed replacing the old gun barrels with new 53 caliber barrels with muzzle brake built by Schneider. This raised muzzle velocity to 700 m/s (2,300 ft/s) and raised the effective ceiling to 7,500 m (24,600 ft).
  • Canon de 75 mm antiaérien mle 1917/34 - Some mle 1913 self-propelled guns and towed mle 1917 guns also had their barrels replaced with mle 1928 barrels to produce the Canon de 75 mm contre aéronefs mle 17/34.
  • Canon de 75 mm antiaérien mle 1928/39 - An upgrade of the static mle 1915 platform guns with mle 1928 gun barrels.
  • Canon de 75 mm antiaérien mle 1932 ABS - Atelier de Bourges (ABS) developed a new gun carriage with four folding cruciform outriggers. It used the same mle 1928 barrel and was equipped with an automatic breech which raised the rate of fire of 25 rounds per minute. The carriage was designed for motor traction and could be towed at 40 km/h (25 mph) and could be combat ready in 20 minutes. A total of 332 were in service in May 1940.
  • Canon de 75 mm antiaérien mle 1933 - A competing model from Schneider with four folding cruciform outriggers. It used the same mle 1928 barrel, could fire 20 rounds per minute, could be towed at 8 km/h (5 mph) and could be combat ready in 30 minutes. A total of 192 were in service in May 1940.

German Service

[edit]

Large numbers of 75 mm guns were captured by Germany after the French defeat in 1940.

Guns in German service were called:

  • 7.5 cm FK 97(f) - These were un-modernized mle 1897 guns. Some were sold to Axis satellites, some were converted to 7.5 cm Pak 97/38 anti-tank guns and others were integrated into Atlantic Wall defenses.[7]
  • 7.5 cm Flak M.17/34(f) - Modernized mle 17/34 guns in German service as anti-aircraft guns.[3]
[edit]
  • An improvised anti-aircraft mount with a mle 1897.
    An improvised anti-aircraft mount with a mle 1897.
  • A mle 1915 gun at Salonika in 1917.
    A mle 1915 gun at Salonika in 1917.
  • A Krupp 7.7 cm FlaK L/35 AA gun at the Musée royal de l'armée, Brussels.
    A Krupp 7.7 cm FlaK L/35 AA gun at the Musée royal de l'armée, Brussels.
  • Canon de 75 mm antiaérien mle 1917.
    Canon de 75 mm antiaérien mle 1917.
  • A French time fuse from WWI.
    A French time fuse from WWI.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d Chamberlain, Peter (1975). Anti-aircraft guns. Gander, Terry. New York: Arco Pub. Co. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-668-03818-8. OCLC 2000222.
  2. ^ "75–77 mm Calibre Cartridges". www.quarryhs.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2017-10-11. Retrieved 2017-09-07.
  3. ^ a b c Bishop, Chris (1998). The encyclopedia of weapons of World War II. New York: Barnes & Noble Books. pp. 150–151. ISBN 0760710228. OCLC 40924461.
  4. ^ Fleischer, Wolfgang (February 2015). German artillery : 1914-1918. Barnsley. p. 88. ISBN 9781473823983. OCLC 893163385.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  5. ^ "7.7cm L/35 Flak Kanone (franz.)". www.passioncompassion1418.com. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
  6. ^ Routledge (1994). History of the Royal regiment of Artillery – Anti-Aircraft Artillery 1914–55. London: Brassey's. pp. 14–50. ISBN 1-85753-099-3.
  7. ^ "Finnish Army 1918–1945: Antiaircraft Guns part 3". www.jaegerplatoon.net. Retrieved 2017-09-07.
[edit]

Media related to Canon de 75 modèle 1897 AA gun at Wikimedia Commons

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