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{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in humans}}
{{PBB|geneid=2773}}
{{cs1 config|name-list-style=vanc}}
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'''Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(k) subunit alpha''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''GNAI3'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid3109953">{{cite journal | author = Didsbury JR, Snyderman R | title = Molecular cloning of a new human G protein. Evidence for two Gi alpha-like protein families | journal = FEBS Lett | volume = 219 | issue = 1 | pages = 259–63 |date=Aug 1987 | pmid = 3109953 | pmc = | doi =10.1016/0014-5793(87)81228-0 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GNAI3 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 3| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2773| accessdate = }}</ref>
{{Infobox_gene}}
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'''Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(k) subunit alpha''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''GNAI3'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid3109953">{{cite journal | vauthors = Didsbury JR, Snyderman R | title = Molecular cloning of a new human G protein. Evidence for two Gi alpha-like protein families | journal = FEBS Letters | volume = 219 | issue = 1 | pages = 259–63 | date = Jul 1987 | pmid = 3109953 | doi = 10.1016/0014-5793(87)81228-0 | s2cid = 85219415 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GNAI3 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 3| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2773}}</ref>


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== Interactions ==
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GNAI3 has been shown to [[Protein-protein interaction|interact]] with:
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==Interactions==
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
GNAI3 has been shown to [[Protein-protein interaction|interact]] with [[RGS14]],<ref name=pmid11387333>{{cite journal |last=Kimple |first=R J |authorlink= |coauthors=De Vries L, Tronchère H, Behe C I, Morris R A, Gist Farquhar M, Siderovski D P |date=Aug 2001 |title=RGS12 and RGS14 GoLoco motifs are G alpha(i) interaction sites with guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor Activity |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue=31 |pages=29275–81 |publisher= |location = United States| issn = 0021-9258| pmid = 11387333 |doi = 10.1074/jbc.M103208200 | bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote = }}</ref> [[RIC8A]],<ref name=pmid12509430>{{cite journal |last=Tall |first=Gregory G |authorlink= |coauthors=Krumins Andrejs M, Gilman Alfred G |date=Mar 2003 |title=Mammalian Ric-8A (synembryn) is a heterotrimeric Galpha protein guanine nucleotide exchange factor |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=278 |issue=10 |pages=8356–62 |publisher= |location = United States| issn = 0021-9258| pmid = 12509430 |doi = 10.1074/jbc.M211862200 | bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote = }}</ref> [[RGS18]],<ref name=pmid11563974>{{cite journal |doi=10.1042/0264-6021:3590109 |last=Yowe |first=D |authorlink= |coauthors=Weich N, Prabhudas M, Poisson L, Errada P, Kapeller R, Yu K, Faron L, Shen M, Cleary J, Wilkie T M, Gutierrez-Ramos C, Hodge M R |date=Oct 2001 |title=RGS18 is a myeloerythroid lineage-specific regulator of G-protein-signalling molecule highly expressed in megakaryocytes |journal=Biochem. J. |volume=359 |issue=Pt 1 |pages=109–18 |publisher= |location = England| issn = 0264-6021| pmid = 11563974 | bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote = |pmc=1222126 }}</ref><ref name=pmid11955952>{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/S0898-6568(02)00012-8 |last=Gagnon |first=Alison W |authorlink= |coauthors=Murray David L, Leadley Robert J |date=Jul 2002 |title=Cloning and characterization of a novel regulator of G protein signalling in human platelets |journal=Cell. Signal. |volume=14 |issue=7 |pages=595–606 |publisher= |location = England| issn = 0898-6568| pmid = 11955952 | bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote = }}</ref> [[S1PR1]],<ref name=pmid8626678>{{cite journal |doi=10.1074/jbc.271.19.11272 |last=Lee |first=M J |authorlink= |author2=Evans M |author3=Hla T |date=May 1996 |title=The inducible G protein-coupled receptor edg-1 signals via the G(i)/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=271 |issue=19 |pages=11272–9 |publisher= |location = UNITED STATES| issn = 0021-9258| pmid = 8626678 | bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote = }}</ref> [[RGS12]],<ref name=pmid11387333/> [[RGS16]],<ref name=pmid9079700>{{cite journal |doi=10.1074/jbc.272.13.8679 |last=Chen |first=C |authorlink= |author2=Zheng B |author3=Han J |author4=Lin S C |date=Mar 1997 |title=Characterization of a novel mammalian RGS protein that binds to Galpha proteins and inhibits pheromone signaling in yeast |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=272 |issue=13 |pages=8679–85 |publisher= |location = UNITED STATES| issn = 0021-9258| pmid = 9079700 | bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote = }}</ref><ref name=pmid10072511>{{cite journal |last=Beadling |first=C |authorlink= |author2=Druey K M |author3=Richter G |author4=Kehrl J H |author5=Smith K A |date=Mar 1999 |title=Regulators of G protein signaling exhibit distinct patterns of gene expression and target G protein specificity in human lymphocytes |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=162 |issue=5 |pages=2677–82 |publisher= |location = UNITED STATES| issn = 0022-1767| pmid = 10072511 | bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote = }}</ref> [[RGS19]],<ref name=pmid8986788>{{cite journal |doi=10.1073/pnas.93.26.15203 |last=De Vries |first=L |authorlink= |author2=Elenko E |author3=Hubler L |author4=Jones T L |author5=Farquhar M G |date=Dec 1996 |title=GAIP is membrane-anchored by palmitoylation and interacts with the activated (GTP-bound) form of G alpha i subunits |journal=[[PNAS|Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.]] |volume=93 |issue=26 |pages=15203–8 |publisher= |location = UNITED STATES| issn = 0027-8424| pmid = 8986788 | bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote = |pmc=26381 }}</ref><ref name=pmid10364213>{{cite journal |doi=10.1074/jbc.274.25.17718 |last=Woulfe |first=D S |authorlink= |author2=Stadel J M |date=Jun 1999 |title=Structural basis for the selectivity of the RGS protein, GAIP, for Galphai family members. Identification of a single amino acid determinant for selective interaction of Galphai subunits with GAIP |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=274 |issue=25 |pages=17718–24 |publisher= |location = UNITED STATES| issn = 0021-9258| pmid = 10364213 | bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote = }}</ref><ref name=pmid8524874>{{cite journal |doi=10.1073/pnas.92.25.11916 |last=De Vries |first=L |authorlink= |author2=Mousli M |author3=Wurmser A |author4=Farquhar M G |date=Dec 1995 |title=GAIP, a protein that specifically interacts with the trimeric G protein G alpha i3, is a member of a protein family with a highly conserved core domain |journal=[[PNAS|Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.]] |volume=92 |issue=25 |pages=11916–20 |publisher= |location = UNITED STATES| issn = 0027-8424| pmid = 8524874 | bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote = |pmc=40514 }}</ref> [[RGS10]]<ref name=pmid8774883>{{cite journal |last=Hunt |first=T W |authorlink= |author2=Fields T A |author3=Casey P J |author4=Peralta E G |date=Sep 1996 |title=RGS10 is a selective activator of G alpha i GTPase activity |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=383 |issue=6596 |pages=175–7 |publisher= |location = ENGLAND| issn = 0028-0836| pmid = 8774883 |doi = 10.1038/383175a0 | bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote = }}</ref> and [[RGS5]].<ref name=pmid9079700/><ref name=pmid11253162>{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/S0024-3205(01)00939-0 |last=Zhou |first=J |authorlink= |author2=Moroi K |author3=Nishiyama M |author4=Usui H |author5=Seki N |author6=Ishida J |author7=Fukamizu A |author8=Kimura S |date=Feb 2001 |title=Characterization of RGS5 in regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling |journal=Life Sci. |volume=68 |issue=13 |pages=1457–69 |publisher= |location = England| issn = 0024-3205| pmid = 11253162 | bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote = }}</ref>
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* [[RGS10]]<ref name = pmid8774883>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hunt TW, Fields TA, Casey PJ, Peralta EG | title = RGS10 is a selective activator of G alpha i GTPase activity | journal = Nature | volume = 383 | issue = 6596 | pages = 175–7 | date = Sep 1996 | pmid = 8774883 | doi = 10.1038/383175a0 | bibcode = 1996Natur.383..175H | s2cid = 4318445 }}</ref>
* [[RGS12]],<ref name = pmid11387333/>
* [[RGS14]],<ref name = pmid11387333>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kimple RJ, De Vries L, Tronchère H, Behe CI, Morris RA, Gist Farquhar M, Siderovski DP | title = RGS12 and RGS14 GoLoco motifs are G alpha(i) interaction sites with guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor Activity | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 276 | issue = 31 | pages = 29275–81 | date = Aug 2001 | pmid = 11387333 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M103208200 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
* [[RGS16]],<ref name = pmid9079700>{{cite journal | vauthors = Chen C, Zheng B, Han J, Lin SC | title = Characterization of a novel mammalian RGS protein that binds to Galpha proteins and inhibits pheromone signaling in yeast | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 272 | issue = 13 | pages = 8679–85 | date = Mar 1997 | pmid = 9079700 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.272.13.8679| doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name = pmid10072511>{{cite journal | vauthors = Beadling C, Druey KM, Richter G, Kehrl JH, Smith KA | title = Regulators of G protein signaling exhibit distinct patterns of gene expression and target G protein specificity in human lymphocytes | journal = Journal of Immunology | volume = 162 | issue = 5 | pages = 2677–82 | date = Mar 1999 | doi = 10.4049/jimmunol.162.5.2677 | pmid = 10072511 }}</ref>
* [[RGS18]],<ref name = pmid11563974>{{cite journal | vauthors = Yowe D, Weich N, Prabhudas M, Poisson L, Errada P, Kapeller R, Yu K, Faron L, Shen M, Cleary J, Wilkie TM, Gutierrez-Ramos C, Hodge MR | title = RGS18 is a myeloerythroid lineage-specific regulator of G-protein-signalling molecule highly expressed in megakaryocytes | journal = The Biochemical Journal | volume = 359 | issue = Pt 1 | pages = 109–18 | date = Oct 2001 | pmid = 11563974 | pmc = 1222126 | doi = 10.1042/bj3590109}}</ref><ref name = pmid11955952>{{cite journal | vauthors = Gagnon AW, Murray DL, Leadley RJ | title = Cloning and characterization of a novel regulator of G protein signalling in human platelets | journal = Cellular Signalling | volume = 14 | issue = 7 | pages = 595–606 | date = Jul 2002 | pmid = 11955952 | doi = 10.1016/s0898-6568(02)00012-8}}</ref>
* [[RGS19]],<ref name = pmid8986788>{{cite journal | vauthors = De Vries L, Elenko E, Hubler L, Jones TL, Farquhar MG | title = GAIP is membrane-anchored by palmitoylation and interacts with the activated (GTP-bound) form of G alpha i subunits | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 93 | issue = 26 | pages = 15203–8 | date = Dec 1996 | pmid = 8986788 | pmc = 26381 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.93.26.15203| bibcode = 1996PNAS...9315203D | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name = pmid10364213>{{cite journal | vauthors = Woulfe DS, Stadel JM | title = Structural basis for the selectivity of the RGS protein, GAIP, for Galphai family members. Identification of a single amino acid determinant for selective interaction of Galphai subunits with GAIP | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 274 | issue = 25 | pages = 17718–24 | date = Jun 1999 | pmid = 10364213 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.274.25.17718| doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name = pmid8524874>{{cite journal | vauthors = De Vries L, Mousli M, Wurmser A, Farquhar MG | title = GAIP, a protein that specifically interacts with the trimeric G protein G alpha i3, is a member of a protein family with a highly conserved core domain | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 92 | issue = 25 | pages = 11916–20 | date = Dec 1995 | pmid = 8524874 | pmc = 40514 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.92.25.11916| bibcode = 1995PNAS...9211916D | doi-access = free }}</ref>
* [[RGS5]],<ref name = pmid9079700/><ref name = pmid11253162>{{cite journal | vauthors = Zhou J, Moroi K, Nishiyama M, Usui H, Seki N, Ishida J, Fukamizu A, Kimura S | title = Characterization of RGS5 in regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling | journal = Life Sciences | volume = 68 | issue = 13 | pages = 1457–69 | date = Feb 2001 | pmid = 11253162 | doi = 10.1016/s0024-3205(01)00939-0}}</ref>
* [[RIC8A]],<ref name = pmid12509430>{{cite journal | vauthors = Tall GG, Krumins AM, Gilman AG | title = Mammalian Ric-8A (synembryn) is a heterotrimeric Galpha protein guanine nucleotide exchange factor | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 278 | issue = 10 | pages = 8356–62 | date = Mar 2003 | pmid = 12509430 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.M211862200 | doi-access = free }}</ref> and
* [[S1PR1]].<ref name = pmid8626678>{{cite journal | vauthors = Lee MJ, Evans M, Hla T | title = The inducible G protein-coupled receptor edg-1 signals via the G(i)/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 271 | issue = 19 | pages = 11272–9 | date = May 1996 | pmid = 8626678 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.271.19.11272| doi-access = free }}</ref>
{{Div col end}}


==See also==
== See also ==
* [[Gi alpha subunit]]
* [[Gi alpha subunit]]


==References==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
{{clear}}


==Further reading==
== Further reading ==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin|33em}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Downes GB, Gautam N | title = The G protein subunit gene families | journal = Genomics | volume = 62 | issue = 3 | pages = 544–52 | date = Dec 1999 | pmid = 10644457 | doi = 10.1006/geno.1999.5992 }}
{{PBB_Further_reading
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Sidhu A, Niznik HB | title = Coupling of dopamine receptor subtypes to multiple and diverse G proteins | journal = International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience | volume = 18 | issue = 7 | pages = 669–77 | date = Nov 2000 | pmid = 10978845 | doi = 10.1016/S0736-5748(00)00033-2 | s2cid = 21002590 }}
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Downes GB, Gautam N |title=The G protein subunit gene families. |journal=Genomics |volume=62 |issue= 3 |pages= 544–52 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10644457 |doi= 10.1006/geno.1999.5992 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Jiang M, Pandey S, Tran VT, Fong HK | title = Guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins in retinal pigment epithelial cells | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 88 | issue = 9 | pages = 3907–11 | date = May 1991 | pmid = 1902575 | pmc = 51562 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.88.9.3907 | bibcode = 1991PNAS...88.3907J | doi-access = free }}
*{{cite journal | author=Sidhu A, Niznik HB |title=Coupling of dopamine receptor subtypes to multiple and diverse G proteins. |journal=Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. |volume=18 |issue= 7 |pages= 669–77 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10978845 |doi=10.1016/S0736-5748(00)00033-2 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Carty DJ, Padrell E, Codina J, Birnbaumer L, Hildebrandt JD, Iyengar R | title = Distinct guanine nucleotide binding and release properties of the three Gi proteins | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 265 | issue = 11 | pages = 6268–73 | date = Apr 1990 | doi = 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)39320-2 | pmid = 2108158 | doi-access = free }}
*{{cite journal | author=Jiang M, Pandey S, Tran VT, Fong HK |title=Guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins in retinal pigment epithelial cells. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=88 |issue= 9 |pages= 3907–11 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1902575 |doi=10.1073/pnas.88.9.3907 | pmc=51562 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Suki WN, Abramowitz J, Mattera R, Codina J, Birnbaumer L | title = The human genome encodes at least three non-allellic G proteins with alpha i-type subunits | journal = FEBS Letters | volume = 220 | issue = 1 | pages = 187–92 | date = Aug 1987 | pmid = 2440724 | doi = 10.1016/0014-5793(87)80900-6 | s2cid = 83824512 | doi-access = free }}
*{{cite journal | author=Carty DJ, Padrell E, Codina J, et al. |title=Distinct guanine nucleotide binding and release properties of the three Gi proteins. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=265 |issue= 11 |pages= 6268–73 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2108158 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Codina J, Olate J, Abramowitz J, Mattera R, Cook RG, Birnbaumer L | title = Alpha i-3 cDNA encodes the alpha subunit of Gk, the stimulatory G protein of receptor-regulated K+ channels | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 263 | issue = 14 | pages = 6746–50 | date = May 1988 | doi = 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)68706-X | pmid = 2452165 | doi-access = free }}
*{{cite journal | author=Suki WN, Abramowitz J, Mattera R, et al. |title=The human genome encodes at least three non-allellic G proteins with alpha i-type subunits. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=220 |issue= 1 |pages= 187–92 |year= 1987 |pmid= 2440724 |doi=10.1016/0014-5793(87)80900-6 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Itoh H, Toyama R, Kozasa T, Tsukamoto T, Matsuoka M, Kaziro Y | title = Presence of three distinct molecular species of Gi protein alpha subunit. Structure of rat cDNAs and human genomic DNAs | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 263 | issue = 14 | pages = 6656–64 | date = May 1988 | doi = 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)68692-2 | pmid = 2834384 | doi-access = free }}
*{{cite journal | author=Codina J, Olate J, Abramowitz J, et al. |title=Alpha i-3 cDNA encodes the alpha subunit of Gk, the stimulatory G protein of receptor-regulated K+ channels. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=263 |issue= 14 |pages= 6746–50 |year= 1988 |pmid= 2452165 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Beals CR, Wilson CB, Perlmutter RM | title = A small multigene family encodes Gi signal-transduction proteins | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 84 | issue = 22 | pages = 7886–90 | date = Nov 1987 | pmid = 3120178 | pmc = 299440 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.84.22.7886 | bibcode = 1987PNAS...84.7886B | doi-access = free }}
*{{cite journal | author=Itoh H, Toyama R, Kozasa T, et al. |title=Presence of three distinct molecular species of Gi protein alpha subunit. Structure of rat cDNAs and human genomic DNAs. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=263 |issue= 14 |pages= 6656–64 |year= 1988 |pmid= 2834384 |doi= }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kim SY, Ang SL, Bloch DB, Bloch KD, Kawahara Y, Tolman C, Lee R, Seidman JG, Neer EJ | title = Identification of cDNA encoding an additional alpha subunit of a human GTP-binding protein: expression of three alpha i subtypes in human tissues and cell lines | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 85 | issue = 12 | pages = 4153–7 | date = Jun 1988 | pmid = 3132707 | pmc = 280384 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.85.12.4153 | bibcode = 1988PNAS...85.4153K | doi-access = free }}
*{{cite journal | author=Beals CR, Wilson CB, Perlmutter RM |title=A small multigene family encodes Gi signal-transduction proteins. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=84 |issue= 22 |pages= 7886–90 |year= 1987 |pmid= 3120178 |doi=10.1073/pnas.84.22.7886 | pmc=299440 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Migeon JC, Thomas SL, Nathanson NM | title = Differential coupling of m2 and m4 muscarinic receptors to inhibition of adenylyl cyclase by Gi alpha and G(o)alpha subunits | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 270 | issue = 27 | pages = 16070–4 | date = Jul 1995 | pmid = 7608168 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.270.27.16070 | doi-access = free }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kim SY, Ang SL, Bloch DB, et al. |title=Identification of cDNA encoding an additional alpha subunit of a human GTP-binding protein: expression of three alpha i subtypes in human tissues and cell lines. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=85 |issue= 12 |pages= 4153–7 |year= 1988 |pmid= 3132707 |doi=10.1073/pnas.85.12.4153 | pmc=280384 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Raymond JR, Olsen CL, Gettys TW | title = Cell-specific physical and functional coupling of human 5-HT1A receptors to inhibitory G protein alpha-subunits and lack of coupling to Gs alpha | journal = Biochemistry | volume = 32 | issue = 41 | pages = 11064–73 | date = Oct 1993 | pmid = 8218170 | doi = 10.1021/bi00092a016 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Migeon JC, Thomas SL, Nathanson NM |title=Differential coupling of m2 and m4 muscarinic receptors to inhibition of adenylyl cyclase by Gi alpha and G(o)alpha subunits. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=270 |issue= 27 |pages= 16070–4 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7608168 |doi=10.1074/jbc.270.27.16070 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Wu D, LaRosa GJ, Simon MI | title = G protein-coupled signal transduction pathways for interleukin-8 | journal = Science | volume = 261 | issue = 5117 | pages = 101–3 | date = Jul 1993 | pmid = 8316840 | doi = 10.1126/science.8316840 | bibcode = 1993Sci...261..101W }}
*{{cite journal | author=Raymond JR, Olsen CL, Gettys TW |title=Cell-specific physical and functional coupling of human 5-HT1A receptors to inhibitory G protein alpha-subunits and lack of coupling to Gs alpha. |journal=Biochemistry |volume=32 |issue= 41 |pages= 11064–73 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8218170 |doi=10.1021/bi00092a016 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Europe-Finner GN, Phaneuf S, Watson SP, López Bernal A | title = Identification and expression of G-proteins in human myometrium: up-regulation of G alpha s in pregnancy | journal = Endocrinology | volume = 132 | issue = 6 | pages = 2484–90 | date = Jun 1993 | pmid = 8504751 | doi = 10.1210/endo.132.6.8504751 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Wu D, LaRosa GJ, Simon MI |title=G protein-coupled signal transduction pathways for interleukin-8. |journal=Science |volume=261 |issue= 5117 |pages= 101–3 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8316840 |doi=10.1126/science.8316840 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = De Vries L, Mousli M, Wurmser A, Farquhar MG | title = GAIP, a protein that specifically interacts with the trimeric G protein G alpha i3, is a member of a protein family with a highly conserved core domain | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 92 | issue = 25 | pages = 11916–20 | date = Dec 1995 | pmid = 8524874 | pmc = 40514 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.92.25.11916 | bibcode = 1995PNAS...9211916D | doi-access = free }}
*{{cite journal | author=Europe-Finner GN, Phaneuf S, Watson SP, López Bernal A |title=Identification and expression of G-proteins in human myometrium: up-regulation of G alpha s in pregnancy. |journal=Endocrinology |volume=132 |issue= 6 |pages= 2484–90 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8504751 |doi=10.1210/en.132.6.2484 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Laugwitz KL, Allgeier A, Offermanns S, Spicher K, Van Sande J, Dumont JE, Schultz G | title = The human thyrotropin receptor: a heptahelical receptor capable of stimulating members of all four G protein families | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 93 | issue = 1 | pages = 116–20 | date = Jan 1996 | pmid = 8552586 | pmc = 40189 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.93.1.116 | bibcode = 1996PNAS...93..116L | doi-access = free }}
*{{cite journal | author=De Vries L, Mousli M, Wurmser A, Farquhar MG |title=GAIP, a protein that specifically interacts with the trimeric G protein G alpha i3, is a member of a protein family with a highly conserved core domain. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=92 |issue= 25 |pages= 11916–20 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8524874 |doi=10.1073/pnas.92.25.11916 | pmc=40514 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Lee MJ, Evans M, Hla T | title = The inducible G protein-coupled receptor edg-1 signals via the G(i)/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 271 | issue = 19 | pages = 11272–9 | date = May 1996 | pmid = 8626678 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.271.19.11272 | doi-access = free }}
*{{cite journal | author=Laugwitz KL, Allgeier A, Offermanns S, et al. |title=The human thyrotropin receptor: a heptahelical receptor capable of stimulating members of all four G protein families. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=93 |issue= 1 |pages= 116–20 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8552586 |doi=10.1073/pnas.93.1.116 | pmc=40189 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Solomon KR, Rudd CE, Finberg RW | title = The association between glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins and heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits in lymphocytes | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 93 | issue = 12 | pages = 6053–8 | date = Jun 1996 | pmid = 8650218 | pmc = 39187 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.93.12.6053 | bibcode = 1996PNAS...93.6053S | doi-access = free }}
*{{cite journal | author=Lee MJ, Evans M, Hla T |title=The inducible G protein-coupled receptor edg-1 signals via the G(i)/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=271 |issue= 19 |pages= 11272–9 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8626678 |doi=10.1074/jbc.271.19.11272 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Zhang J, Pratt RE | title = The AT2 receptor selectively associates with Gialpha2 and Gialpha3 in the rat fetus | journal = The Journal of Biological Chemistry | volume = 271 | issue = 25 | pages = 15026–33 | date = Jun 1996 | pmid = 8663053 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.271.25.15026 | doi-access = free }}
*{{cite journal | author=Solomon KR, Rudd CE, Finberg RW |title=The association between glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins and heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits in lymphocytes. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=93 |issue= 12 |pages= 6053–8 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8650218 |doi=10.1073/pnas.93.12.6053 | pmc=39187 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Hunt TW, Fields TA, Casey PJ, Peralta EG | title = RGS10 is a selective activator of G alpha i GTPase activity | journal = Nature | volume = 383 | issue = 6596 | pages = 175–7 | date = Sep 1996 | pmid = 8774883 | doi = 10.1038/383175a0 | bibcode = 1996Natur.383..175H | s2cid = 4318445 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Zhang J, Pratt RE |title=The AT2 receptor selectively associates with Gialpha2 and Gialpha3 in the rat fetus. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=271 |issue= 25 |pages= 15026–33 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8663053 |doi=10.1074/jbc.271.25.15026 }}
⚫
*{{cite journal | author=Hunt TW, Fields TA, Casey PJ, Peralta EG |title=RGS10 is a selective activator of G alpha i GTPase activity. |journal=Nature |volume=383 |issue= 6596 |pages= 175–7 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8774883 |doi= 10.1038/383175a0 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}
{{PDB Gallery|geneid=2773}}
{{PDB Gallery|geneid=2773}}


{{Intracellular signaling peptides and proteins}}
{{GTPases}}
{{GTPases}}

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Latest revision as of 11:23, 14 January 2024

GNAI3
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesGNAI3, 87U6, ARCND1, G protein subunit alpha i3, HG1A
External IDsOMIM: 139370; MGI: 95773; HomoloGene: 55975; GeneCards: GNAI3; OMA:GNAI3 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

2773

14679

Ensembl

ENSG00000065135

ENSMUSG00000000001

UniProt

P08754

Q9DC51

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_006496

NM_010306

RefSeq (protein)

NP_006487

NP_034436

Location (UCSC)Chr 1: 109.55 – 109.6 MbChr 3: 108.01 – 108.05 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(k) subunit alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNAI3 gene.[5][6]

Interactions

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GNAI3 has been shown to interact with:

See also

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References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000065135 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000000001 – Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Didsbury JR, Snyderman R (Jul 1987). "Molecular cloning of a new human G protein. Evidence for two Gi alpha-like protein families". FEBS Letters. 219 (1): 259–63. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(87)81228-0. PMID 3109953. S2CID 85219415.
  6. ^ "Entrez Gene: GNAI3 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 3".
  7. ^ Hunt TW, Fields TA, Casey PJ, Peralta EG (Sep 1996). "RGS10 is a selective activator of G alpha i GTPase activity". Nature. 383 (6596): 175–7. Bibcode:1996Natur.383..175H. doi:10.1038/383175a0. PMID 8774883. S2CID 4318445.
  8. ^ a b Kimple RJ, De Vries L, Tronchère H, Behe CI, Morris RA, Gist Farquhar M, Siderovski DP (Aug 2001). "RGS12 and RGS14 GoLoco motifs are G alpha(i) interaction sites with guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor Activity". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (31): 29275–81. doi:10.1074/jbc.M103208200. PMID 11387333.
  9. ^ a b Chen C, Zheng B, Han J, Lin SC (Mar 1997). "Characterization of a novel mammalian RGS protein that binds to Galpha proteins and inhibits pheromone signaling in yeast". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (13): 8679–85. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.13.8679. PMID 9079700.
  10. ^ Beadling C, Druey KM, Richter G, Kehrl JH, Smith KA (Mar 1999). "Regulators of G protein signaling exhibit distinct patterns of gene expression and target G protein specificity in human lymphocytes". Journal of Immunology. 162 (5): 2677–82. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.162.5.2677. PMID 10072511.
  11. ^ Yowe D, Weich N, Prabhudas M, Poisson L, Errada P, Kapeller R, Yu K, Faron L, Shen M, Cleary J, Wilkie TM, Gutierrez-Ramos C, Hodge MR (Oct 2001). "RGS18 is a myeloerythroid lineage-specific regulator of G-protein-signalling molecule highly expressed in megakaryocytes". The Biochemical Journal. 359 (Pt 1): 109–18. doi:10.1042/bj3590109. PMC 1222126. PMID 11563974.
  12. ^ Gagnon AW, Murray DL, Leadley RJ (Jul 2002). "Cloning and characterization of a novel regulator of G protein signalling in human platelets". Cellular Signalling. 14 (7): 595–606. doi:10.1016/s0898-6568(02)00012-8. PMID 11955952.
  13. ^ De Vries L, Elenko E, Hubler L, Jones TL, Farquhar MG (Dec 1996). "GAIP is membrane-anchored by palmitoylation and interacts with the activated (GTP-bound) form of G alpha i subunits". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 93 (26): 15203–8. Bibcode:1996PNAS...9315203D. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.26.15203. PMC 26381. PMID 8986788.
  14. ^ Woulfe DS, Stadel JM (Jun 1999). "Structural basis for the selectivity of the RGS protein, GAIP, for Galphai family members. Identification of a single amino acid determinant for selective interaction of Galphai subunits with GAIP". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (25): 17718–24. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.25.17718. PMID 10364213.
  15. ^ De Vries L, Mousli M, Wurmser A, Farquhar MG (Dec 1995). "GAIP, a protein that specifically interacts with the trimeric G protein G alpha i3, is a member of a protein family with a highly conserved core domain". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 92 (25): 11916–20. Bibcode:1995PNAS...9211916D. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.25.11916. PMC 40514. PMID 8524874.
  16. ^ Zhou J, Moroi K, Nishiyama M, Usui H, Seki N, Ishida J, Fukamizu A, Kimura S (Feb 2001). "Characterization of RGS5 in regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling". Life Sciences. 68 (13): 1457–69. doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(01)00939-0. PMID 11253162.
  17. ^ Tall GG, Krumins AM, Gilman AG (Mar 2003). "Mammalian Ric-8A (synembryn) is a heterotrimeric Galpha protein guanine nucleotide exchange factor". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (10): 8356–62. doi:10.1074/jbc.M211862200. PMID 12509430.
  18. ^ Lee MJ, Evans M, Hla T (May 1996). "The inducible G protein-coupled receptor edg-1 signals via the G(i)/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (19): 11272–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.19.11272. PMID 8626678.

Further reading

[edit]
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