Electrical capacitance tomography: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
photo of the measuring device |
→See also: Change to a more commonly used name in the scientific community. |
||
| (5 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
[[File:EctImageMovie.ogv|thumb|ECT image sequence - An object made of acrylic glass, rotating inside a probe.]] |
[[File:EctImageMovie.ogv|thumb|ECT image sequence - An object made of acrylic glass, rotating inside a probe.]] |
||
[[File:EVT4 i sonda.jpg|thumb|Electrical capacitance tomography system<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wanta |first1=Damian |last2=Smolik |first2=Waldemar T. |last3=Kryszyn |first3=Jacek |last4=Wróblewski |first4=Przemysław |last5=Midura |first5=Mateusz |title=A Run-Time Reconfiguration Method for an FPGA-Based Electrical Capacitance Tomography System |journal=Electronics |volume=11 |issue=4 |date=2022 |doi=10.3390/electronics11040545}}</ref> with connected 16-electrode sensor]] |
[[File:EVT4 i sonda.jpg|thumb|Electrical capacitance tomography system<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wanta |first1=Damian |last2=Smolik |first2=Waldemar T. |last3=Kryszyn |first3=Jacek |last4=Wróblewski |first4=Przemysław |last5=Midura |first5=Mateusz |title=A Run-Time Reconfiguration Method for an FPGA-Based Electrical Capacitance Tomography System |journal=Electronics |volume=11 |issue=4 |date=2022 |page=545 |doi=10.3390/electronics11040545|doi-access=free }}</ref> with connected 16-electrode sensor]] |
||
[[File:SondaFantom2D.gif|thumb|Dynamic imaging in ECT - On the left, seven cylindrical objects moving along the probe. On the right, a series of probe cross-sectional images.]] |
[[File:SondaFantom2D.gif|thumb|Dynamic imaging in ECT - On the left, seven cylindrical objects moving along the probe. On the right, a series of probe cross-sectional images.]] |
||
'''Electrical capacitance tomography''' ('''ECT''') is a method for determination of the dielectric [[permittivity]] distribution in the interior of an object from external capacitance measurements. It is a close relative of [[electrical impedance tomography]]<ref>M Soleimani, W R B Lionheart, Nonlinear image reconstruction in electrical capacitance tomography using experimental data, Meas. Sci. Technol., 16, 2005, pp 1987–1996 |
'''Electrical capacitance tomography''' ('''ECT''') is a method for determination of the dielectric [[permittivity]] distribution in the interior of an object from external capacitance measurements. It is a close relative of [[electrical impedance tomography]]<ref>M Soleimani, W R B Lionheart, Nonlinear image reconstruction in electrical capacitance tomography using experimental data, Meas. Sci. Technol., 16, 2005, pp 1987–1996 </ref> and is proposed as a method for industrial process monitoring. |
||
</ref> and is proposed as a method for industrial process monitoring. |
|||
| ⚫ | Applications of ECT include the measurement of flow of fluids in pipes<ref>Jaworski AJ and Dyakowski T, Application of electrical capacitance tomography for measurement of gas–solid flow characteristics in a pneumatic conveying system, Measurement Science and Technology, 12, 2001, pp 1109–19 </ref> and measurement of the concentration of one fluid in another, or the distribution of a solid in a fluid. ECT enables the visualization of [[multiphase flow]], which play an important role in the technological processes of the [[Chemical industry|chemical]], [[Petroleum industry|petrochemical]]<ref>{{cite journal |last1= York |first1= T. A. |date= 2001|title= Status of electrical tomography in industrial applications |journal= Journal of Electronic Imaging|volume= 10 |issue=3 |doi= 10.1117/1.1377308}}</ref> and [[Food industry|food]] industries. |
||
| ⚫ | Due to its very low spatial resolution, ECT has not yet been used in medical diagnostics. Potentially, ECT may have similar medical applications to electrical impedance tomography, such as monitoring lung function<ref>{{cite journal |last1= Wanta |first1= Damian|last2= Makowiecka |first2= Oliwia|last3= Smolik |first3= Waldemar T. |last4= Kryszyn |first4= Jacek |last5= Domański |first5= Grzegorz |last6= Midura |first6= Mateusz |last7= Wróblewski |first7= Przemysław |date= 2022|title= Numerical Evaluation of Complex Capacitance Measurement Using Pulse Excitation in Electrical Capacitance Tomography |journal= Electronics |volume= 11|doi= 10.3390/electronics11121864}}</ref> or detecting ischemia or hemorrhage in the brain.<ref>{{cite journal |last1= Jiang |first1= Y. D.|last2= Soleimani |first2= M. |date= 2019|title= Capacitively Coupled Electrical Impedance Tomography for Brain Imaging |journal= Transactions on |
||
Although capacitance sensing methods were in widespread use the idea of using capacitance measurement to form images is attributed to [[Maurice Beck]] and co-workers at [[UMIST]] in the 1980s.<ref>S M Huang, A Plaskowski, C G Xie and M S Beck, Capacitance-based tomographic flow imaging system, Electronics Letters, 24 (7), 1988, pp 418–19.</ref> |
Although capacitance sensing methods were in widespread use the idea of using capacitance measurement to form images is attributed to [[Maurice Beck]] and co-workers at [[UMIST]] in the 1980s.<ref>S M Huang, A Plaskowski, C G Xie and M S Beck, Capacitance-based tomographic flow imaging system, Electronics Letters, 24 (7), 1988, pp 418–19.</ref> |
||
Although usually called [[tomography]], the technique differs from conventional tomographic methods, in which high resolution images are formed of slices of a material. The measurement electrodes, which are metallic plates, must be sufficiently large to give a measureable change in capacitance. This means that very few electrodes are used |
Although usually called [[tomography]], the technique differs from conventional tomographic methods, in which high resolution images are formed of slices of a material. The measurement electrodes, which are metallic plates, must be sufficiently large to give a measureable change in capacitance. This means that very few electrodes are used, typically eight to sixteen electrodes. An N-electrode system can only provide N(N−1)/2 independent measurements. This means that the technique is limited to producing very low resolution images of approximate slices. However, ECT is fast, and relatively inexpensive. |
||
==Applications== |
|||
| ⚫ | Applications of ECT include the measurement of flow of fluids in pipes<ref>Jaworski AJ and Dyakowski T, Application of electrical capacitance tomography for measurement of gas–solid flow characteristics in a pneumatic conveying system, Measurement Science and Technology, 12, 2001, pp 1109–19 </ref> and measurement of the concentration of one fluid in another, or the distribution of a solid in a fluid. ECT enables the visualization of [[multiphase flow]], which play an important role in the technological processes of the [[Chemical industry|chemical]],<ref>{{cite journal |first1=T. |last1=Rymarczyk |first2=J. |last2=Szumowski |first3=P. |last3=Adamkiewicz |first4=P. |last4=Tchórzewski |first5=J. |last5=Sikora |title=Electrical Capacitance Tomography and Optical Detection in Quality Control System |journal=Przegląd Elektrotechniczny |issn=0033-2097 |volume=93 |issue=12 |date=2017 |pages=213–216 |doi=10.15199/48.2017.12.53}}</ref> [[Petroleum industry|petrochemical]]<ref>{{cite journal |last1= York |first1= T. A. |date= 2001|title= Status of electrical tomography in industrial applications |journal= Journal of Electronic Imaging|volume= 10 |issue=3 |page= 608 |doi= 10.1117/1.1377308|bibcode= 2001JEI....10..608Y }}</ref> and [[Food industry|food]]<ref>{{cite journal |first1=M.S. |last1=Beck |first2=M. |last2=Byars |first3=T. |last3=Dyakowski |first4=R. |last4=Waterfall |first5=R. |last5=He |first6=S.J. |last6=Wang |first7=W.Q. |last7=Yang |title=Principles and Industrial Applications of Electrical Capacitance Tomography |journal=Measurement and Control |date=1997 |volume=30 |issue=7 |pages=197–200 |doi=10.1177/002029409703000702|s2cid=115040670 }}</ref> industries. |
||
| ⚫ | Due to its very low spatial resolution, ECT has not yet been used in medical diagnostics. Potentially, ECT may have similar medical applications to electrical impedance tomography, such as monitoring lung function<ref>{{cite journal |last1= Wanta |first1= Damian|last2= Makowiecka |first2= Oliwia|last3= Smolik |first3= Waldemar T. |last4= Kryszyn |first4= Jacek |last5= Domański |first5= Grzegorz |last6= Midura |first6= Mateusz |last7= Wróblewski |first7= Przemysław |date= 2022|title= Numerical Evaluation of Complex Capacitance Measurement Using Pulse Excitation in Electrical Capacitance Tomography |journal= Electronics |volume= 11|issue= 12|page= 1864|doi= 10.3390/electronics11121864|doi-access= free}}</ref> or detecting ischemia or hemorrhage in the brain.<ref>{{cite journal |last1= Jiang |first1= Y. D.|last2= Soleimani |first2= M. |date= 2019|title= Capacitively Coupled Electrical Impedance Tomography for Brain Imaging |journal= IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging|volume= 38 |issue= 9|pages= 2104–2113|doi= 10.1109/TMI.2019.2895035|pmid= 30703015|s2cid= 73448025|url= https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/publications/038471ba-d9af-44ba-833d-632995c44dca}}</ref> |
||
==See also== |
==See also== |
||
* [[ |
* [[Three-dimensional electrical capacitance tomography]] |
||
* [[Electrical impedance tomography]] |
* [[Electrical impedance tomography]] |
||
* [[Electrical resistivity tomography]] |
* [[Electrical resistivity tomography]] |
||
Latest revision as of 20:50, 20 January 2024
Electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) is a method for determination of the dielectric permittivity distribution in the interior of an object from external capacitance measurements. It is a close relative of electrical impedance tomography[2] and is proposed as a method for industrial process monitoring.
Although capacitance sensing methods were in widespread use the idea of using capacitance measurement to form images is attributed to Maurice Beck and co-workers at UMIST in the 1980s.[3]
Although usually called tomography, the technique differs from conventional tomographic methods, in which high resolution images are formed of slices of a material. The measurement electrodes, which are metallic plates, must be sufficiently large to give a measureable change in capacitance. This means that very few electrodes are used, typically eight to sixteen electrodes. An N-electrode system can only provide N(N−1)/2 independent measurements. This means that the technique is limited to producing very low resolution images of approximate slices. However, ECT is fast, and relatively inexpensive.
Applications
[edit]Applications of ECT include the measurement of flow of fluids in pipes[4] and measurement of the concentration of one fluid in another, or the distribution of a solid in a fluid. ECT enables the visualization of multiphase flow, which play an important role in the technological processes of the chemical,[5] petrochemical[6] and food[7] industries. Due to its very low spatial resolution, ECT has not yet been used in medical diagnostics. Potentially, ECT may have similar medical applications to electrical impedance tomography, such as monitoring lung function[8] or detecting ischemia or hemorrhage in the brain.[9]
See also
[edit]- Three-dimensional electrical capacitance tomography
- Electrical impedance tomography
- Electrical resistivity tomography
- Industrial Tomography Systems
- Process tomography
References
[edit]- ^ Wanta, Damian; Smolik, Waldemar T.; Kryszyn, Jacek; Wróblewski, Przemysław; Midura, Mateusz (2022). "A Run-Time Reconfiguration Method for an FPGA-Based Electrical Capacitance Tomography System". Electronics. 11 (4): 545. doi:10.3390/electronics11040545.
- ^ M Soleimani, W R B Lionheart, Nonlinear image reconstruction in electrical capacitance tomography using experimental data, Meas. Sci. Technol., 16, 2005, pp 1987–1996
- ^ S M Huang, A Plaskowski, C G Xie and M S Beck, Capacitance-based tomographic flow imaging system, Electronics Letters, 24 (7), 1988, pp 418–19.
- ^ Jaworski AJ and Dyakowski T, Application of electrical capacitance tomography for measurement of gas–solid flow characteristics in a pneumatic conveying system, Measurement Science and Technology, 12, 2001, pp 1109–19
- ^ Rymarczyk, T.; Szumowski, J.; Adamkiewicz, P.; Tchórzewski, P.; Sikora, J. (2017). "Electrical Capacitance Tomography and Optical Detection in Quality Control System". Przegląd Elektrotechniczny. 93 (12): 213–216. doi:10.15199/48.2017.12.53. ISSN 0033-2097.
- ^ York, T. A. (2001). "Status of electrical tomography in industrial applications". Journal of Electronic Imaging. 10 (3): 608. Bibcode:2001JEI....10..608Y. doi:10.1117/1.1377308.
- ^ Beck, M.S.; Byars, M.; Dyakowski, T.; Waterfall, R.; He, R.; Wang, S.J.; Yang, W.Q. (1997). "Principles and Industrial Applications of Electrical Capacitance Tomography". Measurement and Control. 30 (7): 197–200. doi:10.1177/002029409703000702. S2CID 115040670.
- ^ Wanta, Damian; Makowiecka, Oliwia; Smolik, Waldemar T.; Kryszyn, Jacek; Domański, Grzegorz; Midura, Mateusz; Wróblewski, Przemysław (2022). "Numerical Evaluation of Complex Capacitance Measurement Using Pulse Excitation in Electrical Capacitance Tomography". Electronics. 11 (12): 1864. doi:10.3390/electronics11121864.
- ^ Jiang, Y. D.; Soleimani, M. (2019). "Capacitively Coupled Electrical Impedance Tomography for Brain Imaging". IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging. 38 (9): 2104–2113. doi:10.1109/TMI.2019.2895035. PMID 30703015. S2CID 73448025.