Beverly Robertson: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|American cavalry officer}} |
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{{for|the New Zealand Olympic athlete|Beverly Robertson (athlete)}} |
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|name=Beverly Holcombe Robertson |
|name=Beverly Holcombe Robertson |
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|birth_date= {{birth date |1827|6|5}} |
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|death_date= {{death date and age |1910|12|12|1827|5|6}} |
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|birth_place=[[Amelia County, Virginia]] |
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|death_place=[[Washington, D.C.]] |
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|placeofburial= |
|placeofburial= |
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|placeofburial_label= Place of burial |
|placeofburial_label= Place of burial |
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|image= |
|image= Beverly Robertson.png |
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|caption= Portrait of Robertson ca. 1863 |
|caption= Portrait of Robertson ca. 1863 |
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|allegiance=[[United States|United States of America]]<br/>[[Confederate States of America]] |
|allegiance={{flagicon|USA|1848}} [[United States|United States of America]]<br/> |
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{{flagicon|CSA}} [[Confederate States of America]] |
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|branch= |
|branch= {{army|USA}}<br>{{army|CSA}} |
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|serviceyears=1849-1861 (USA)<br/>1861-1865 (CSA) |
|serviceyears=1849-1861 (USA)<br/>1861-1865 (CSA) |
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|rank= [[Captain (U.S. Army)|Captain]] (USA)<br/>[[Brigadier General (CSA)]] |
|rank= [[File:Union army cpt rank insignia.jpg|35px]] [[Captain (U.S. Army)|Captain]] (USA)<br/>[[File:Confederate States of America General-collar.svg|35px]] [[Brigadier General (CSA)]] |
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|commands=[[Robertson's Brigade |
|commands=[[4th Virginia Cavalry Regiment]]<br />Robertson's Cavalry Brigade |
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|battles= [[American Civil War]] |
|battles= [[Indian Wars]]<br />[[American Civil War]] |
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*[[ |
*[[Northern Virginia Campaign]] |
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*[[ |
*[[Maryland Campaign]] |
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*[[Battle of White Hall]] |
*[[Battle of White Hall]] |
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*[[Gettysburg Campaign]] |
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*[[Battle of Fredericksburg]] |
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*[[Battle of Brandy Station]] |
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*[[Battle of Gettysburg]] |
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*[[Carolinas Campaign]] |
*[[Carolinas Campaign]] |
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|laterwork= Insurance Businessman |
|laterwork= Insurance Businessman |
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}} |
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'''Beverly Holcombe Robertson''' (June 5, 1827 – December 12, 1910) was a [[cavalry]] officer in the [[United States Army]] on the Western [[frontier]] and a [[Confederate States Army |
'''Beverly Holcombe Robertson''' (June 5, 1827 – December 12, 1910) was a [[cavalry]] officer in the [[United States Army]] on the Western [[frontier]] and a [[Confederate States Army]] general during the [[American Civil War]]. |
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==Early life== |
==Early life== |
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Robertson was born on a [[plantation]] in [[Amelia County, Virginia]]. He received an appointment to the [[United States Military Academy]] and graduated in 1849. Assigned to the [[2nd U.S. Dragoons]] as a [[second lieutenant#United States|second lieutenant]], he attended the cavalry school at [[Carlisle Barracks]]. He then served on the frontier at various outposts in [[New Mexico Territory]], [[Kansas Territory]], and [[Nebraska Territory]], fighting at various times with the [[Apache]] and [[Sioux]]. |
Robertson was born on a [[plantations in the American South|plantation]] in [[Amelia County, Virginia]]. He received an appointment to the [[United States Military Academy]], becoming a cadet in 1845 and graduated in 1849 as 25th out of 43.<ref>Bowmaster, pp. 2-3</ref> Assigned to the [[2nd U.S. Dragoons]] as a [[second lieutenant#United States|second lieutenant]], he attended the cavalry school at [[Carlisle Barracks]]. He then served on the frontier at various outposts in [[New Mexico Territory]], [[Kansas Territory]], and [[Nebraska Territory]], fighting at various times with the [[Apache]] and [[Sioux]]. At one point Robertson courted Flora Cooke, the daughter of his regimental commander [[Philip St. George Cooke]], but she eventually became the wife of [[J.E.B. Stuart]].<ref>Bowmaster, p. 5</ref> In 1855 he married Virginia Neville Johnston, a cousin to [[Joseph E. Johnston]].<ref>Bowmaster, p. 8</ref> In the same year Robertson was promoted to [[first lieutenant#United States|first lieutenant]]. In 1860 he became adjutant of the regiment while serving in [[Utah Territory]], and soon was elevated to acting assistant adjutant general for the Department of Utah. He was promoted to [[Captain (United States)|captain]] in March 1861. However he was report to have pro-Confederate sentiments and when Virginia seceded he decided to follow his home state he tendered his resignation but instead was dismissed from the United States Army. |
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==Civil War== |
==Civil War== |
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In August 1861, after arriving in the east, he was appointed as [[Colonel (United States)|Colonel]] and helped to organize the [[4th Virginia Cavalry Regiment]] but failed to be reelected as regimental Colonel in early 1862. Nonetheless he was promoted to [[Brigadier General (CSA)|brigadier general]] on June 9, 1862.<ref name=Eicher>Eicher, p. 456.</ref> He led a brigade of Virginia cavalry in the [[Second Battle of Bull Run]] in August 1862, and the early part of the [[Maryland Campaign]] in September 1862. Prior to the [[Battle of Antietam]], having a very mixed relation with his superiors, he was relieved of his command and ordered to North Carolina to recruit and train new cavalry [[regiment]]s.<ref>Bowmaster, pp. 18-20</ref> Down there he commanded the Confederate forces at the [[Battle of White Hall]].<ref>Bowmaster, p. 22</ref> |
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After training and sending north several cavalry units, during the [[Gettysburg Campaign]] Robertson was back with the [[Army of Northern Virginia]]. He again commanded a brigade of cavalry, having brought with him the 4th and 5th North Carolina cavalry regiments, under Stuart.<ref>Bowmaster, p. 24</ref> At the [[Battle of Brandy Station]] his men failed to significantly delay a [[Union Army|Union]] column approaching Brandy Station from the southeast. He fought in Stuart's delaying actions in the [[Loudoun Valley]] at [[Battle of Middleburg|Middleburg]] and [[Battle of Upperville|Upperville]]. Due to seniority, for parts of the campaign Robertson directed both his and [[William E. Jones (general)|"Grumble" Jones's]] brigades. Robertson helped cover Lee's [[Retreat from Gettysburg|retreat]] following the [[Battle of Gettysburg]], the brigade having suffered heavy losses during the campaign. |
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He was assigned in October 1863 to command the Second Military District |
He was assigned in October 1863 to command the Second Subdistrict of the Military District of South Carolina. He helped defend [[Charleston, South Carolina|Charleston]] from enemy attack. Robertson served in the [[Carolinas Campaign]] and surrendered with Gen. Johnston. |
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==Postbellum career== |
==Postbellum career== |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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{{Portal|Biography|American Civil War|Biography}} |
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{{portal|United States Army|United States Department of the Army Seal.svg}} |
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==Notes== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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* {{cite book |last1=Bowmaster |first1=Patrick A. |title=Confederate Brig. Gen. B.H. Robertson and the 1863 Gettysburg campaign |date=1995 |publisher=Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University |location=Blacksburg, VA |edition=M.A. thesis |url=https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/bitstream/handle/10919/43354/LD5655.V855_1995.B696.pdf}} |
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* Eicher, John H., and [[David J. Eicher |
* Eicher, John H., and [[David J. Eicher]], ''Civil War High Commands.'' Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. {{ISBN|978-0-8047-3641-1}}. |
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*[http://members.aol.com/jweaver300/grayson/robert.htm Text from Clement Evans' biography of Robertson] |
* [http://members.aol.com/jweaver300/grayson/robert.htm Text from Clement Evans' biography of Robertson] |
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* Sifakis, Stewart. ''Who Was Who in the Civil War.'' New York: Facts On File, 1988. {{ISBN|978-0-8160-1055-4}}. |
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* [[Ezra J. Warner (historian)|Warner, Ezra J.]] ''Generals in Gray: Lives of the Confederate Commanders.'' Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1959. {{ISBN|978-0-8071-0823-9}}. |
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==Further reading== |
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* Bowmaster, Patrick A., “’Bev’ Robertson Gets a C[arte] D[e] V[isite],” Military Images, May/June 2001, 29. |
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{{reflist}} |
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* Bowmaster, Patrick A., ed. “Confederate Brig. Gen. B.H. ‘Bev’ Robertson Interviewed on the Gettysburg Campaign,” Gettysburg, January 1999, 19-26. |
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* Bowmaster, Patrick A., ed. “A Letter to Mrs. Stuart,” Civil War, April 1997, 22-27. |
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* Bowmaster, Patrick A., “Beverly H. Robertson and the Battle of Brandy Station,” Blue and Gray, fall 1996, 20-22, 24-33. |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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*{{ |
*{{Find a Grave|11063|accessdate=2008-02-13}} |
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{{Persondata |
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|NAME= Robertson, Beverly |
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|ALTERNATIVE NAMES= |
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|SHORT DESCRIPTION= [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] [[Confederate Army|Army]] [[General officer|general]] |
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|DATE OF BIRTH= June 5, 1827 |
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|PLACE OF BIRTH= [[Amelia County, Virginia]] |
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|DATE OF DEATH= December 12, 1910 |
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|PLACE OF DEATH= [[Washington, D.C.]] |
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}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Robertson, Beverly}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Robertson, Beverly}} |
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[[Category:1827 births]] |
[[Category:1827 births]] |
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[[Category:1910 deaths]] |
[[Category:1910 deaths]] |
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[[Category:Confederate Army generals]] |
[[Category:Confederate States Army brigadier generals]] |
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[[Category:United States Military Academy alumni]] |
[[Category:United States Military Academy alumni]] |
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[[Category:People of Virginia in the American Civil War]] |
[[Category:People of Virginia in the American Civil War]] |
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[[Category:United States Army officers]] |
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[[Category:Southern Historical Society]] |
Latest revision as of 17:02, 26 January 2024
Beverly Holcombe Robertson | |
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Born | Amelia County, Virginia | June 5, 1827
Died | December 12, 1910 Washington, D.C. | (aged 83)
Allegiance | United States of America Confederate States of America |
Service | United States Army Confederate States Army |
Years of service | 1849-1861 (USA) 1861-1865 (CSA) |
Rank | Captain (USA) Brigadier General (CSA) |
Commands | 4th Virginia Cavalry Regiment Robertson's Cavalry Brigade |
Battles / wars | Indian Wars American Civil War |
Other work | Insurance Businessman |
Beverly Holcombe Robertson (June 5, 1827 – December 12, 1910) was a cavalry officer in the United States Army on the Western frontier and a Confederate States Army general during the American Civil War.
Early life
[edit]Robertson was born on a plantation in Amelia County, Virginia. He received an appointment to the United States Military Academy, becoming a cadet in 1845 and graduated in 1849 as 25th out of 43.[1] Assigned to the 2nd U.S. Dragoons as a second lieutenant, he attended the cavalry school at Carlisle Barracks. He then served on the frontier at various outposts in New Mexico Territory, Kansas Territory, and Nebraska Territory, fighting at various times with the Apache and Sioux. At one point Robertson courted Flora Cooke, the daughter of his regimental commander Philip St. George Cooke, but she eventually became the wife of J.E.B. Stuart.[2] In 1855 he married Virginia Neville Johnston, a cousin to Joseph E. Johnston.[3] In the same year Robertson was promoted to first lieutenant. In 1860 he became adjutant of the regiment while serving in Utah Territory, and soon was elevated to acting assistant adjutant general for the Department of Utah. He was promoted to captain in March 1861. However he was report to have pro-Confederate sentiments and when Virginia seceded he decided to follow his home state he tendered his resignation but instead was dismissed from the United States Army.
Civil War
[edit]In August 1861, after arriving in the east, he was appointed as Colonel and helped to organize the 4th Virginia Cavalry Regiment but failed to be reelected as regimental Colonel in early 1862. Nonetheless he was promoted to brigadier general on June 9, 1862.[4] He led a brigade of Virginia cavalry in the Second Battle of Bull Run in August 1862, and the early part of the Maryland Campaign in September 1862. Prior to the Battle of Antietam, having a very mixed relation with his superiors, he was relieved of his command and ordered to North Carolina to recruit and train new cavalry regiments.[5] Down there he commanded the Confederate forces at the Battle of White Hall.[6]
After training and sending north several cavalry units, during the Gettysburg Campaign Robertson was back with the Army of Northern Virginia. He again commanded a brigade of cavalry, having brought with him the 4th and 5th North Carolina cavalry regiments, under Stuart.[7] At the Battle of Brandy Station his men failed to significantly delay a Union column approaching Brandy Station from the southeast. He fought in Stuart's delaying actions in the Loudoun Valley at Middleburg and Upperville. Due to seniority, for parts of the campaign Robertson directed both his and "Grumble" Jones's brigades. Robertson helped cover Lee's retreat following the Battle of Gettysburg, the brigade having suffered heavy losses during the campaign.
He was assigned in October 1863 to command the Second Subdistrict of the Military District of South Carolina. He helped defend Charleston from enemy attack. Robertson served in the Carolinas Campaign and surrendered with Gen. Johnston.
Postbellum career
[edit]After the war, Robertson moved to Washington, D.C., and worked in the insurance business for several decades. He is buried in Robertson Cemetery near Scott's Fork, Amelia County, Virginia.[4]
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- Bowmaster, Patrick A. (1995). Confederate Brig. Gen. B.H. Robertson and the 1863 Gettysburg campaign (PDF) (M.A. thesis ed.). Blacksburg, VA: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.
- Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. ISBN 978-0-8047-3641-1.
- Text from Clement Evans' biography of Robertson
- Sifakis, Stewart. Who Was Who in the Civil War. New York: Facts On File, 1988. ISBN 978-0-8160-1055-4.
- Warner, Ezra J. Generals in Gray: Lives of the Confederate Commanders. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1959. ISBN 978-0-8071-0823-9.
Further reading
[edit]- Bowmaster, Patrick A., “’Bev’ Robertson Gets a C[arte] D[e] V[isite],” Military Images, May/June 2001, 29.
- Bowmaster, Patrick A., ed. “Confederate Brig. Gen. B.H. ‘Bev’ Robertson Interviewed on the Gettysburg Campaign,” Gettysburg, January 1999, 19-26.
- Bowmaster, Patrick A., ed. “A Letter to Mrs. Stuart,” Civil War, April 1997, 22-27.
- Bowmaster, Patrick A., “Beverly H. Robertson and the Battle of Brandy Station,” Blue and Gray, fall 1996, 20-22, 24-33.
External links
[edit]- "Beverly Robertson". Find a Grave. Retrieved 2008-02-13.