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Moved two sections back to their proper chronological places: "Yankee White and freedom from foreign influence," "Merge FOUO to Classified information"
Implementing WP:PIQA (Task 26)
 
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== History ==
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== Classification status after unauthorized disclosure? ==
==Above Top Secret==
Didn't the Western allies during WWII have levels of classification that trumped top secret, titled 'Ultra Secret' and 'Ultra/Magic'? If so, this is an argument in favor of a level of security above top secret, and should be listed as such in the relevent section.
Admittedly, I got this from Neil Stephenson's 'Cryptonomicon', a work of fiction, but it seemed admirably well reaserched and quite accurate in most other respects. <!-- Template:Unsigned IP --><small class="autosigned">—&nbsp;Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/4.43.102.66|4.43.102.66]] ([[User talk:4.43.102.66#top|talk]]) 12:14, 4 May 2006 (UTC)</small>


I've been trying to find some references to this situation without much luck, but I think it would be good to add something about it to the Declassification section. [[User:Manys|Manys]] ([[User talk:Manys|talk]]) 17:44, 16 September 2020 (UTC)
:I think what Stephenson was describing were "Categories that are not classifications." [[User:Tom harrison|Tom Harrison]] <sup>[[User talk:Tom harrison|Talk]]</sup> 12:44, 4 May 2006 (UTC)


:NNSA and DOE in such situations just unclassify stuff. [[User:Valery Zapolodov|Valery Zapolodov]] ([[User talk:Valery Zapolodov|talk]]) 02:36, 13 August 2022 (UTC)
::Yeah, MAGIC and ULTRA seem to be code-words connected to information about decrypting Japanese information in WWII, at least that's what I gather in a web search ([http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0026-3931%28198204%2946%3A2%3C88%3A%22%22ATSW%3E2.0.CO%3B2-U&size=LARGE&origin=JSTOR-enlargePage see this]). Interestingly, there were rumors of a "Magic" classification level above Top Secret when I was in US Army Basic Training, but this of course, doesn't seem to be noted anywhere on-line.--[[User:Tim Thomason|Tim Thomason]] 19:40, 29 April 2007 (UTC)


: DoD says it is still classified even if leaked.
:::Section 1.2 of EO 13492 states that"Information may be classified at one of the following three levels:" namely, top secret, secret and confidential (in decending order of sensitivity). If you go by the exact wordings of the directive, it implies that the three-level classification does not in any way '''prohibit''' the addition of a more sensitive classification. Adding another tier of information sensitivity, especially for the government, does not entail violating the intent of the executive order. This fact must be clearly stated in the article itself. [[User:Johnyang2|Johnyang2]] <small>—The preceding {{#ifeq:{{{Date|{{{Time|07:23, August 22, 2007}}}}}} | | comment was }} [[Wikipedia:Signatures|signed but undated]]{{#ifeq:{{{Date|{{{Time|07:23, August 22, 2007}}}}}} | | | &#32;comment was added at {{{Date|{{{Time|07:23, 22 August 2007}}}}}} (UTC{{{Zone|{{{3|{{{2|}}}}}}}}}) }}.</small><!-- {{undated}} --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->


== "SCP Level 0" listed at [[Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion|Redirects for discussion]] ==
::::MAGIC and ULTRA were code words for specific programs, for which the information was usually TOP SECRET. MAGIC covered communication intelligence on Japan, while ULTRA, a British term, was focused on Germany and the word itself wasn't declassified until 30 years after the end of the war, where "the fact of" MAGIC was declassified in 1945. [[User:Hcberkowitz|Howard C. Berkowitz]] 21:02, 30 September 2007 (UTC)
[[File:Information.svg|30px]]
An editor has identified a potential problem with the redirect [[:SCP Level 0]] and has thus listed it [[Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion|for discussion]]. This discussion will occur at [[Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion/Log/2022 March 11#SCP Level 0]] until a consensus is reached, and readers of this page are welcome to contribute to the discussion. <!-- from Template:RFDNote --> [[User:Casualdejekyll|<span style="color:#FF69B4">casualdejekyll</span>]] 03:13, 11 March 2022 (UTC)


== Is President designated entity under 36 CFR. Ch. 11, Sec. 1260.28? ==
:::::A modern equivalent to MAGIC and ULTRA, used in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the UK, and the US would be "handle through COMINT channels only", so a communications intercept might be marked S/CCO, or, if there were additional compartments inside compartments, something like TS/CCO/GAMMA GUPY. [[User:Hcberkowitz|Howard C. Berkowitz]] ([[User talk:Hcberkowitz|talk]]) 02:46, 20 May 2008 (UTC)


This is the whole TS//RD-CNWDI debacle. [[User:Valery Zapolodov|Valery Zapolodov]] ([[User talk:Valery Zapolodov|talk]]) 18:41, 14 August 2022 (UTC)
::::::Isn't [[SIOP]]/ESI (or whatever OPLAN it is now) an actual classification level "above top secret"? Or is it just an especially "large" compartment of SCI? (But if it's a compartment, shouldn't the SIOP not be called the "SIOP" and referred to as a classified codeword?)[[User:Katana0182|Katana0182]] ([[User talk:Katana0182|talk]]) 04:25, 1 July 2008 (UTC)


== whitewashing? ==
:::::::Neither a classification nor an SCI compartment. It's a SAP compartment (well, there are actually several subcompartments, such as access to the Emergency Action Messages vs. the targeting). While I've never seen a terribly good definition of TS SPECAT, that appears to be a SAP for combat operations orders, with subcompartments -- POLO STEP was the compartment for the planning of the 2003 invasion of Iraq, not "IRAQI FREEDOM", any more than "JUST CAUSE", rather than BLUE SPOON, was the real compartment. Come to think of it, though, SAPs are called programs, not compartments--they aren't, after all, SCI. [[User:Hcberkowitz|Howard C. Berkowitz]] ([[User talk:Hcberkowitz|talk]]) 22:38, 1 July 2008 (UTC)


{{re|Komorijuno}} I appreciate some of your edits of 2023-01-21T23:06:02 but not the deletion of the following:
::::::::Wikileaks has an interesting zip file containing the US classification system and its representation in XML. This incidentally contains data about SCI/SAP/XD classifications as well as the NATO classification system. [[User:Katana0182|Katana0182]] ([[User talk:Katana0182|talk]]) 04:59, 2 October 2008 (UTC)


<blockquote>
:::::::::Do you have a title or link?--[[User:ArnoldReinhold|agr]] ([[User talk:ArnoldReinhold|talk]]) 05:16, 2 October 2008 (UTC)
----
There are only four classifications: Unclassified, Confidential, Secret, and Top Secret. Anything else is a modifier (NOFORN, NATO, ALLIES ONLY, SPECAT, EYES ONLY, and others). SCI is not a classification but rather a clearance addition for a Top Secret clearance. --[[User:W4otn|W4otn]] ([[User talk:W4otn|talk]]) 23:33, 24 November 2009 (UTC)


[[Peter Galison|Peter Louis Galison]], a historian and Director<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~hsdept/bios/galison.html |title=People – The Department of the History of Science, Harvard University |publisher=Fas.harvard.edu |date=2003-06-24 |access-date=2013-07-04 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130701170714/http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~hsdept/bios/galison.html |archive-date=July 1, 2013 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> in the History of Science Dept. at Harvard University, claims that the U.S. Government produces more classified information than unclassified information.<ref>[http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~hsdept/bios/docs/Removing%20Knowledge.pdf Department of the History of Science, Harvard University<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140719214912/http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~hsdept/bios/docs/Removing%20Knowledge.pdf |date=July 19, 2014 }}</ref>
:SCI (Secure Compartmented Information) is an "access", not a clearance. --[[Special:Contributions/68.166.173.22|68.166.173.22]] ([[User talk:68.166.173.22|talk]]) 14:59, 7 June 2012 (UTC)


----
::The term "Above Top Secret" is a direct inference to the fact the material or program has an SCI status. Hence, a "need-to-know" is required for legitimate awareness of the programs code name. TJ REYNIA <!-- Template:Unsigned IP --><small class="autosigned">—&nbsp;Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/70.121.47.197|70.121.47.197]] ([[User talk:70.121.47.197#top|talk]]) 05:44, 30 September 2010 (UTC)</small>
----
:::Verifiable content? Impossible! The very existence of most compartments is in itself classified at the level of the compartments themselves. This is one topic where being conjectural is the best that is possible. The only references that should be allowed are those from the domain ".gov". We should make every attempt to reference ONLY the information that is in that domain or appears in sources as respectable as the New York Times. Lonnie Nesseler 19:58, 24 April 2011 (UTC) <small><span class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Lnesseler|Lnesseler]] ([[User talk:Lnesseler|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Lnesseler|contribs]]) </span></small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

::::As previously noted I believe there are only 4 official levels (unclassified, Confidential, Secret, Top Secret). However, there are many "need to know" categories. To access any classified information (even "Confidential"), you need both a security clearance at that level and a "need to know". [[Bradley Manning]]'s case is unusual, because his position in military intelligence at that time automatically granted him a "need to know" virtually everything. I think I read that they've changed the rules so his successors do not automatically have that level of "need to know". My source for this is my personal memory from having handled classified information routinely for roughly five years (1968-1973). I had a top secret security clearance and a special named "access" beyond "top secret". I would have no way of knowing how many special named "accesses" there were, because I didn't have a need to know that ;-) However, many more specially named "accesses" have probably been created since I left government service -- and especially since [[WikiLeaks]]. [[User:DavidMCEddy|DavidMCEddy]] ([[User talk:DavidMCEddy|talk]]) 01:21, 6 July 2013 (UTC)

== Security clearance levels of government officials ==
I've been wondering - does the US president and the directors of NSA/CIA have the highest security clearances? If not, then the question is, in how far elected officials can judge and influence the activities of the intelligence agencies. If agencies can do one thing, then are required by law to lie about their methods and results to the president, core decisions of US (foreign?) policy might be made by people whose name I've never heard. -[[User:62.206.8.4|62.206.8.4]] 16:26, 2 June 2006 (UTC)
:The entire classification system is created by the US president by executive order. So the president has clear legal authority to see anything he or she wants to see under that system. That doesn't mean things are never kept from the president, but the classification system is not a legal basis for doing so. As for the heads of NSA and CIA, in theory, the compartmentalization system should limit their access. There is no reason for the head of NSA to automatically know the real names of US spies in Russia, say, or for the head of CIA to know how we break Iranian codes. And neither needs to know the details of how US nuclear weapons are designed. In practice, senior officials sometimes show little respect for the classifications rules. As for whether core decisions of US policy might be made by people whose name you've never heard, that is always a concern. Clearances or no, information is often concealed or twisted as it makes its way up the chain of command. It's a big problem in any large organization and is often used as a defense when scandals break. The flip side is that senior managers sometimes make sure they get information in ways that are "deniable," so it can't be proved later that they knew. Ultimately the president or corporate executive should be held responsible for the information culture they create.--[[User:ArnoldReinhold|agr]] 12:23, 4 June 2006 (UTC)

== pretty funny ==
TOP SECRET is the top. That TS-SCI thing... we swear it's not an extra level. Sure, it gets a yellow cover sheet, and you do need an extra background check, but really it's not another level. No way, it couldn't be, because... TOP is TOP!

Sheesh. If it looks like a duck, quacks like a duck...

There's nothing secret about a level above TOP SECRET. It's there in plain sight. The denial of reality is absurd.

[[User:24.110.60.225|24.110.60.225]] 05:28, 11 July 2006 (UTC)

:There's nothing absurd about it. SCI is not another level in the "vertical" sense (whereby access to that level provides access to lower levels). Rather, it's a collection of "horizontal" compartmentalizations (several of them). I think the article makes that pretty plain. [[User:Mlibby|Mlibby]] 15:02, 2 November 2006 (UTC)

:It is kind of an apple and oranges thing. SCI is another way to ensure that only people who need the information are getting access to it. The stuff is "compartmentalized" meaning that you have to be able to get into that compartment in order to get that information. There is stuff that is Confidential (the lowest level of classification) and SCI. Confidential indicates what kind of impact its disclosure would have on national security, and for one reason or another it is assigned the SCI label. So people with a confidential and an sci clearance can use the information, but those with a top secret (without sci access) clearance cannot. So it is not really an above top secret kind of thing at all.

:With just an SCI indoctrination, you are not explicitly given access to anything. It simply is an affirmation that you have been briefed and understand the responsiblities that you have be entrusted with. Without explicit need to know, you may never be granted access to anything more than TS. Compartments and special access programs are the core of the SCI program, and are the only things you could consider "above top secret". It is possible to disseminate TS information exclusively to the right people, compartmenting it is a legal barrier. Programs and technologies that I may not need to know are kept away from me, I may be *able* to know them, but I don't need to. If anyone is so certain that they know of a classification "above top-secret" where are your sources? The classification system is a means to and end for appropriate information handling and nothing more. You're just as unliklely to come across information that is Confidential as you are with TS/SCI, why would the government feel the need to convolute an already convoluted system? National Security is the objective, making sure the right people have the right information and that others do not. Furthermore, you can't get much further in depth into someone's past than with a full scope background investigation and lifestyle polygraph test. Furthermore, don't state irrational paranoia as fact without any sort of backing or source. "I think" is irrelevant, because you don't know. <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/216.40.86.110|216.40.86.110]] ([[User talk:216.40.86.110|talk]]) 10:20, 7 January 2008 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

==Merge FOUO to Classified information==
FOUO is not a form of classified information. It should be merged into the category of SBU (or Sensitive But Unclassified) information.

== Consider some points ==
FOUO is used within DoD and other Departments, but DOE has OUO without the "For". This can be found on their directive website and is NOT a level or category of classified information. Currently they implement this with an Order, Manual and a Guide. DOE O 471.3, DOE M 471.3-1, DOE G 471.3-1. FOUO was at one time for a very short period a level of classification at about the same level as today's Confidential. Sort of like the obsolete, "Restricted."

DCID 1-19 and 6-3 plainly defines SCI as "intelligence" information. Extra protection so as not to reveal sources or methods and reveal capabilities. Honestly, SCI is granted by the DCI after a request is made by an agency Special Security Officer (SSO). This names the person, the progams, the needs and the reasons. I've seen them grnated in two weeks, which means no additional background could have possibly been done. Those were all cases granted to existing TS clearnces.

From DCID 1-19;

<blockquote>
Access to SCI shall be based on need-to-know, '''formal access approval''', and indoctrination. As a general principle, SCI disseminated to persons meeting those criteria shall be provided at the lowest level of classification and compartmentation that will satisfy official requirements applicable to the recipients. Source and method data shall be provided only to the extent necessary to fulfill such requirements. Sanitization of material shall be accomplished to the extent possible to protect against damage to sources and methods through unauthorized disclosure, espionage, or other compromise.
</blockquote>
</blockquote>


This looks like whitewashing to me. I've created another sentence summarizing that citation and appended it to the lede. I hope you will find this appropriate.
So, SCI is at one of the 3 levels; C, S, TS, and formal access approval means with approved access to classified information. There is NO unclassified SCI and no one has "planned" routine access to SCI without a security clearance.


DOE Q-Clearance is investigated the same as a Top Secret and recognized by DoD as a TS. DOE also has an L-clearance that equates to a DoD Secret clearance. The big deal with the DOE is access to RESTRCITED DATA. See the Atomic Energy Act for more and RD and Formerly Restricted Data. FRD was created so that DoD didn't have get as many Q-Clearances to maintain and service nukes.

DOE also has an other long standing unclassified but sensitive type of information. Unclassified Controlled Nuclear Information or UCNI. Section 148 of the AEA or 42 USC 2168. Also, DOE has an Order and Manual, DOE O 471.1A, DOE M 471.1-1 Chg 1. The 400 series of directives is where DOE keeps most security and classification related items.

*[http://www.directives.doe.gov/cgi-bin/explcgi?4??+%3Cin%3E+series;maxdocs=300;APP=onixdoe;collection=neword,newguide,newmanual,newpolicy,newnotice;UP=current.html;INTERFACE=1WINDOW 400 Series DOE Directives by Number]

Also, there is no LEVEL above TS, see the EO and its historical orders. DoD 5220.22-M National Industrial Security Program Operating Manual (NISPOM)is well worth reviewing and can be found at Defense Security Service (DSS) and is openly available. Explains the clearance process, forms and positions such as Facility Security Officer (FSO) Key Management Personnel (KMP), etc. Some of the newsletters and training can be accessed and is worth it.

*[http://www.dss.mil/isec/nispom.htm NISPOM Downloads at DSS]

[[User:68.227.24.77|68.227.24.77]] 03:53, 4 December 2006 (UTC)

:If SCI isn't a level, then how is it legal to use the yellow cover sheet? TS must be orange, not yellow. Sure, it's "not a level" if the government claims so, just like a Mallard Duck is "not a duck" if some committee votes this to be so, but really... this is a joke. [[User:24.110.145.57|24.110.145.57]] 07:09, 5 February 2007 (UTC)

::I think the problem is the term "level." It is a legal term defined by executive order and there are three of them. If you use a more generic term like category, then the substance of what you believe is correct: there are indeed categories of U.S. government information that are guarded more closely than "ordinary" Top Secret. There are even categories whose very existance is itself highly classified. But the mechanisms for creating such categories are not secret; they are spelled out in the EO, NISPOM, etc. and in some cases, e.g Restricted Data and cryptologic info, they are by act of Congress. They are just not called levels. If flying saucers were stored at Area 51 in the 1950s they were assigned a code name or number, which may have changed several times since, and the ten people at Area 51 who are personally cleared for this category by the President himself may use purple cover sheets with pink polkadots. But the information would still be at the Top Secret level. --[[User:ArnoldReinhold|agr]] 20:51, 5 February 2007 (UTC)

==Yankee White and freedom from foreign influence==
The section on the Yankee White background investigation says personnel working directly with the president must be free from any sort of foreign influence, i.e., they have to be native-born, not married to a foreigner, etc. But what about people like [[Henry Kissinger]] and [[Madeleine Albright]], or [[Zbigniew Brzezinski]]? These individuals all served in very high positions within the Nixon, Clinton, and Carter administrations, yet all of them had some significant foreign influences. How did the background investigations provisions not apply to them? --[[User:Impaciente|Impaciente]] 05:37, 11 December 2006 (UTC)
:All of those people were directly appointed by the President of the United States and approved by the Senate, and the Constitution specifically makes those the only two requirements for the job. I'd imagine that's the difference. --[[User:Descendall|Descendall]] 00:22, 30 January 2007 (UTC)

You don't know which of those people were granted that level of access, now, do you? <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/74.94.172.193|74.94.172.193]] ([[User talk:74.94.172.193|talk]]) 20:07, August 26, 2007 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

::I'll have to dig up sources, but the general principle is that someone either elected to Federal office, or whose appointment must be confirmed by the Senate, has gone through at least the investigation for a basic TS clearance.

::A study of Congressional oversight is a start ::<blockquote>The fact that these programs are highly classified imposes an extra burden on already busy Senators because they must, as a practical matter either come to the Committee staff or hearing spaces to review classified information, or read it in their offices in the presence of one of the Committee's security staff. They might also be orally briefed in their offices or during Committee hearings by their designees or other Committee staff, but frequently this is on the fly and without benefit of note-taking.

Also, the arcane, often technical subject matter keeps all but the most persistent senators from delving into the details of intelligence programs where I am reliably told the devil resides.<ref name=Sturtevant>{{citation
| publisher = National Military Intelligence Association
| journal =American Intelligence Journal
| date= Summer 1992
| title = Congressional Oversight of Intelligence: One Perspective
| author = Sturtevant, Mary (Senate Intelligence Committee Staff)
}}</ref></blockquote>

{{Reflist-talk}}

==SI codeword==
Tom Clancy mentions a classification level above top secret in his book 'patriot games' called SI (Special Intelligence) Codeword, where sensitive documents are assigned a specific codeword to be filed under. Now seeing as Clancy rarely makes things up (I can't think of a single example at this time...) Does anyone know more about this level? [[User:Supra guy|Supra guy]] 01:30, 23 July 2007 (UTC)

:Again, we are getting confused by the term "level." SI is one compartment in the SCI program. It can be classified at any level (confidential, secret, top secret) but one must have a security clearance with sci clearance and access to the si compartment to access that information.

In case you hadn't noticed, Tom Clancy writes fiction. How can you tell that he doesn't make things up? As per comment just above, it ain't so. <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/74.94.172.193|74.94.172.193]] ([[User talk:74.94.172.193|talk]]) 20:11, August 26, 2007 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

::If it does help, SI has been used for Signals Intelligence. If one looks at such things as NSA declassified documents from the ''USS Liberty'' or Tonkin Gulf Incident, you'll see things marked TS/SI/UMBRA (there are some other slashes and codes that mostly refer to how to declassify). UMBRA was the codeword compartment of the SI "control system". SI isn't formally used that way any longer; it's been replaced by CCO, short for "handle through COMINT Channels Only". I don't think anyone at NSA can give a rational explanation of why CCO replaced SI, since COMINT is a subset of SIGINT. [[User:Hcberkowitz|Howard C. Berkowitz]] 00:25, 6 November 2007 (UTC)

:Clancy will sometimes deliberately distort information to make sure he's not sharing anything classified (if he started leaking sensitive information in his novels, he would have a more difficult time getting his usual technical advice from military/government personnel). For example, in The Sum of All Fears, he took care to make sure that his very detailed description of building a nuclear bomb would not actually be useful as instructions. [[Special:Contributions/205.175.225.22|205.175.225.22]] ([[User talk:205.175.225.22|talk]]) 19:07, 6 February 2009 (UTC)

==Just to clarify==
Hi, I just wanted to clear some of these things up. 1- Compartmentalized Top Secret gives someone access to multiple seperated sections of top secret information. The way I was breifed was at something called a joint breifing, where you're read in on multiple subjects at the same time. It designed to make pertininet information easier to access. It is in no way another level of classification, although it is a higher level than Top Secret <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/207.172.91.194|207.172.91.194]] ([[User talk:207.172.91.194|talk]]) 00:54, 31 October 2007 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

== Amount of classified information ==
I removed the following from the article:
:"According to the researcher [[Peter Galison]], in the United States "the classified universe, as it is sometimes called, is certainly not smaller and very probably is much larger than [the] unclassified one," though nobody is sure exactly what magnitude of materials are classified. Galison argues that more classified information is produced per year than unclassified information, with around 250 million classified pages created in the year 2001 alone (in comparison, Harvard's library added only 66 million pages of material in that same period)".<ref>Peter Galison, "Removing Knowledge", ''Critical Inquiry'' 31 (August 2004). Available online at [http://www.secrecyfilm.com/resources.html ''Secrecy'' film resources].</ref>"

This is a rough estimate by a single researcher. Per [[WP:V]]] "Exceptional claims require exceptional sources" and this single article is not enough for such a broad claim. Also note that our article on the [[World Wide Web]] says that as of 2005 there were "over 11.5 billion Web pages in the [[Surface Web|publicly indexable Web]] as of the end of January 2005.<ref>http://www.cs.uiowa.edu/~asignori/web-size/</ref>." Past estimates had the web doubling every year. Even if that has slowed down considerably, it suggests an accretion of information far greater than 250 million pages per year. The notion that Harvard's library represents a major portion the unclassified universe is absurd. --[[User:ArnoldReinhold|agr]] ([[User talk:ArnoldReinhold|talk]]) 01:50, 1 February 2008 (UTC)

:Further confusing this estimate is the difference among creation, derivation, and production of classified material. Consider the following three examples:
:#Dr. Frankenstein III invents the Q-Bomb. As completely new technology, someone in his chain of command designates the existence of the Q-Bomb as SECRET and its principles of operation as TOP SECRET/SAP CODEWORD KEW BALM.
:#Colonels Alfa, Bravo, and Charlie, without any knowledge of the principles of operation and simple that there is a new weapon called the Q-Bomb, each write a contingency plan that is unclassified other than a reference to "the fact of" the Q-Bomb. Colonel Delta does not know if there is a Q-bomb or not, but writes a summary of rumors about it, all from news article, and classifies it as a collection. Depending on your definition, either no new classified material was created, or four pieces of it.
:#Sergeant Whiskey makes ten copies each of the three contingency plans and five of the news summary.

:Did this create one, two, six, or 41 pieces of classified material? [[User:Hcberkowitz|Howard C. Berkowitz]] ([[User talk:Hcberkowitz|talk]]) 02:22, 1 February 2008 (UTC)

::Right, and it's worse than that. I strongly suspect that the overwhelming majority of classified information by volume is raw intelligence data that is classified because knowledge of its existence would reveal sources and methods. What if the US has managed to install intercepts on all Internet traffic in and out of Iran and is storing all the bits for say a year, and this page gets accessed 6 times from Iran during a year? NSA would have 6 copies of this page, each at a different edit point, all classified.--[[User:ArnoldReinhold|agr]] ([[User talk:ArnoldReinhold|talk]]) 05:22, 1 February 2008 (UTC)

:::I LOL'ed at the 'what if'. The whole point of SCI is not the S, or the I, but the C. Sergeant Whiskey only knows what he has to, along with Colonel Delta. [[User:Ronabop|Ronabop]] ([[User talk:Ronabop|talk]]) 11:35, 2 February 2008 (UTC)

::::And the only time Sergeant Whiskey & Colonel Delta can need to know anything is when they're inside of the "physical compartment"--the SCIF itself. That's the only place one can work on that compartment's data or discuss it with others.[[User:Katana0182|Katana0182]] ([[User talk:Katana0182|talk]]) 05:06, 2 October 2008 (UTC)

{{Reflist-talk}}

== Level numbers ==
The article [[Information sensitivity]] shows a classification numbering system that has 5 as top secret and 6 as SCI whereas this one as 3 as top secret and 4 as SCI. The numbering schemes appear to be totally different and yet I don't see any explanation as to what each numbering scheme is used for. Is there a mistake in one or the other article or are these indeed different systems? If it is the latter an explanation is appropriate.

--Mcorazao <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/12.189.2.133|12.189.2.133]] ([[User talk:12.189.2.133|talk]]) 14:00, 16 April 2009 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

== Update needed ==
Obama just signed [[:s:Executive Order 13526]], which overrode [[Executive Order 13292]]. [[User:Guy0307|Guy0307]] ([[User talk:Guy0307|talk]]) 17:33, 31 December 2009 (UTC)

== Challenging classification ==
Is there a process for challenging the classification of information? If so, who can do so and how? I think this information would make a great addition to this article. [[User:Squideshi|Squideshi]] ([[User talk:Squideshi|talk]]) 06:07, 16 January 2010 (UTC)
:Yes, see the section "Declassification" and [[Freedom of Information Act]]. -- [[User:Beland|Beland]] ([[User talk:Beland|talk]]) 20:33, 3 April 2013 (UTC)

==Declassification==
One thing that's not addressed very well in the article is "informal" declassification. For example, Col. Richard Graham has a highly detailed (and splendid) book on the SR-71 program ("SR-71 Revealed: The Inside Story", {{ISBN|0760301220}}). Col. Graham was a former commander of an SR-71 unit, and the material is very, very rich in detail. I'm sure that not all of this was formally declassified. So how did he get to publish all this info? I've also seen a few books on the F-117 program from 10 years ago where former pilots and commanders discussed various details of the plane, and surely these details didn't go past a declassification authority. I guess that also begs the question who a declassification authority is. -[[User:Rolypolyman|Rolypolyman]] ([[User talk:Rolypolyman|talk]]) 03:24, 21 April 2010 (UTC)

: Whenever anyone with a clearance wants to publish something (an article, a book, etc.) they have to clear it through their security manager first, who lets the the author know if it needs to be sanitized. If s/he said it checks out, then it's unclassified. Besides, who's to say none of the authors fudged some/all of their numbers just to be on the safe side? And declassification is theoretically a simple process; you simply ask the person/agency who classified it in the first place. The intel community being what it is, however, often makes it difficult to track down exactly who made the call and there's certainly no guarantee that they will, in fact, listen to your request. [[User:Zoeblaize|Zoeblaize]] ([[User talk:Zoeblaize|talk]]) 00:21, 21 August 2010 (UTC)

::Quibble: "Whenever anyone with a clearance wants to publish something ... they" are legally required to clear it. However, there have been cases where authors published it anyway without asking permission first. [[User:DavidMCEddy|DavidMCEddy]] ([[User talk:DavidMCEddy|talk]]) 01:39, 6 July 2013 (UTC)

On a related issue of declassification, there are several times where it is mentioned that things are automatically declassified. This is presumably due to the length of time passed, but there is nothing in the page (unless I missed it) that says how long before something is automatically declassified. I think that would something that ought to be added. [[User:Hollth|Hollth]] ([[User talk:Hollth|talk]]) 04:26, 9 October 2014 (UTC)
:Found it. Turns out I am just blind [[User:Hollth|Hollth]] ([[User talk:Hollth|talk]]) 04:32, 9 October 2014 (UTC)

==Claims of U.S. government misuse of the classification system==
This section seems to be based on questionable information and features absolutely no references. It should probably be removed. Tyler R. Davis 05:04, 1 May 2010 (UTC)
:rewrite, this is an ongoing dispute, i added the link to moynihan who has detail over the venona intercepts, and their being kept from the president. [[User:Accotink2|Accotink2]] ([[User talk:Accotink2|talk]]) 18:54, 21 July 2010 (UTC)

== Yankee White ==
Doesn't make sense. It claims that a person should be "absent of any foreign influence". How would this apply for individuals with foreign husbands/wifes, who are currently employed at the white house? Or [[Peter Hoekstra]] who is on the [[Group of eight]] and a member of the Intelligence committee, but was born in the Netherlands. Logically, these people would require a YW investigation. I think this is just an unverified rumor. Thoughts? [[Special:Contributions/12.239.95.6|12.239.95.6]] ([[User talk:12.239.95.6|talk]]) 04:23, 11 July 2010 (UTC)

:Look above about it but you would not be granted with no foreign husband/wife --[[Special:Contributions/92.41.220.39|92.41.220.39]] ([[User talk:92.41.220.39|talk]]) 19:42, 10 April 2011 (UTC)

::I think you mean [[Gang of Eight]]. Members of Congress aren't hired by the White House, they are elected to the legislative branch separately. ''Are'' there any personnel in any of the positions listed in the article [[Yankee White]] who have foreign spouses? -- [[User:Beland|Beland]] ([[User talk:Beland|talk]]) 20:44, 3 April 2013 (UTC)

== A new subsection for modifiers or a reallocation ==
As seen in some files the modifiers can be used for any level of classification but right now those are listed in the Unclassified subsection which is a bit irritating. So my suggestion is to move that paragraph to the introduction of the section or to create a new subsection .It was the last Wikileaks file which brought that to my attention but there are more examples. -- [[Special:Contributions/92.230.224.240|92.230.224.240]] ([[User talk:92.230.224.240|talk]]) 20:40, 25 August 2010 (UTC)

== UFO/Space Aliens? ==
Having so much material on such nonsensical gibberish definitely detracts from the article. At most, and only if you must, the UFO nonsense should live in its own ghetto on a separate page. <small><span class="autosigned">—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Greg99balloons|Greg99balloons]] ([[User talk:Greg99balloons|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Greg99balloons|contribs]]) 02:03, 2 December 2010 (UTC)</span></small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

== Removal of information not related to US ==
A paragraph referring to "NOFORN" does not belong in this article. It should be moved to a related article pertaining to the different information classification systems used in different governments.
[[User:Kernel.package|Kernel.package]] ([[User talk:Kernel.package|talk]]) 17:20, 9 May 2011 (UTC)
:As I understand it NOFORN is very much a US marking and therefore belongs in this article. If other countries happen use the same marking, that fact might be noted here as well (if sourced).--[[User:ArnoldReinhold|agr]] ([[User talk:ArnoldReinhold|talk]]) 18:18, 9 May 2011 (UTC)

== Declassification? ==
Does this have a place here?
http://www.fas.org/irp/doddir/usmc/almar_370-95.htm

:Er, that page is a bit of a mess. Not sure it tells us anything that's not referenced in the Executive Order. -- [[User:Beland|Beland]] ([[User talk:Beland|talk]]) 20:45, 3 April 2013 (UTC)

==Sources to Create a Better Wikipedia Article on Classified information in the United States==
I recommend using the article "Ex Security Guard releases Confidential Information to Chinese Government" I find this article to be very relevant because it talks about how the classified information can be taken from a source event though the person who took it did not possess the required access. This security guard lost all of his savings in the stock market and in a desperate frantic to make money he sold classified information to the Chinese government to make money. He was apprehended before he could make the exchange. This source can help improve this article by showing how accessible confidential information can be.

I feel the article "Cyber Warfare stealing Confidential Information" would be a very useful article if some of the points in this source would be used in the arsenal of this article. People and countries are trying to hack in to secret databases and obtain information and if leaked could compromise national security. Nothing in this article contains the information to the article i have posted and should be included because this is very important to the discussion.

I believe the article "U.S. Leaks Is Casting Chill Over" is crucial to this article. The article I am recommending contains very useful and concise information on who has access to such information and the number of people who also have access. The article is trying to limit the number of people who have access to confidential information in order to prevent the spread of such information.

References:
* Schwartz, J. (2012, August 12). Ex Security Guard releases Confidential Information to Chinese Government. Los Angeles Times.
* Paula, D. (2012, August 28). Cyber Warfare stealing Confidential Information. New Strait Times
* Brody, J. E. (2012, August 1). U.S. Leaks Is Casting Chill Over. The New York Times.
[[User:Festiveloki|Festiveloki]] ([[User talk:Festiveloki|talk]]) 06:15, 3 October 2012 (UTC)

== more categories ==
The leaks of Ed Snowden have revealed that there must be levels of classification higher than top secret. He mentioned data bases which are based only on top secret information and therefore could not contain "even more classified" information. <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">— Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/2001:620:400:9:0:0:0:56|2001:620:400:9:0:0:0:56]] ([[User talk:2001:620:400:9:0:0:0:56|talk]]) 09:26, 21 June 2013 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:Unsigned IP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

== Definition ==
I added {{Citation needed}} to the definitions for Confidential, Secret and Top Secret. In particular, I'm concerned about the definition of Confidential 'as information that would "damage" national security if disclosed to the public.' Does the definition specify "the public"? I don't know, but I believe the official definitions all contemplate a (possibly hypothetical) foreign enemy -- even if much information is illegally over-classified as if congress and the public were "foreign enemies". [[User:DavidMCEddy|DavidMCEddy]] ([[User talk:DavidMCEddy|talk]]) 01:59, 6 July 2013 (UTC)
: All of those are formally defined in the latest Executive Order outlining Classified National Security Information policy ( [[s:Executive Order 13526#sect1.2|Executive&nbsp;Order&nbsp;13526, Section 1.2]] specifically, but all of Part 1 is relevent here). If you go back through all the superseded/revoked EOs dealing with CI, you'll see these definitions have pretty much all "said" same thing from Truman to Obama.<p>It seems the original contributor parsed the concepts of the Executive being charged with managing all the aspects of national security with being the figure-head tasked with keeping the public safe and similar into one poorly worded sentence -- one where ''... disclosed to the [[wikt:public#|public]]'' was originally believed to state the meaning of ''... [[wikt:publicly#Adverb|publicly]] disclose'' instead. Such is life on WP; I'll make the edits in a bit. -- [[User:George Orwell III|George Orwell III]] ([[User talk:George Orwell III|talk]]) 17:23, 7 July 2013 (UTC)</p>

== RfC concerning the Lavabit email service ==
There is a request for comments (RfC) that may be of interest. The RfC is at

[[Talk:Lavabit#RfC: Should information about Lavabit complying with previous search warrants be included?]]

At issue is whether we should delete or keep the following text in the [[Lavabit]] article:

:'''Before the Snowden incident, Lavabit had complied with previous search warrants. For example, on June 10, 2013, a search warrant was executed against Lavabit user Joey006@lavabit.com for alleged possession of child pornography.'''

Your input on this question would be very much welcome. --[[User:Guy Macon|Guy Macon]] ([[User talk:Guy Macon|talk]]) 04:49, 29 August 2013 (UTC)

== External links modified ==
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== External links modified ==
Hello fellow Wikipedians,


Thanks for your contributions to our project to give [[Wikipedia:Prime objective|"every single person on the planet ... free access to the sum of all human knowledge."]] [[User:DavidMCEddy|DavidMCEddy]] ([[User talk:DavidMCEddy|talk]]) 00:48, 22 January 2023 (UTC)
I have just modified 12 external links on [[Classified information in the United States]]. Please take a moment to review [https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=794612221 my edit]. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit [[User:Cyberpower678/FaQs#InternetArchiveBot|this simple FaQ]] for additional information. I made the following changes:
*Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130701170714/http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~hsdept/bios/galison.html to http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~hsdept/bios/galison.html
*Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140719214912/http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~hsdept/bios/docs/Removing%20Knowledge.pdf to http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~hsdept/bios/docs/Removing%20Knowledge.pdf
*Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150415175924/https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/executive-order-classified-national-security-information to https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/executive-order-classified-national-security-information
*Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20061011093349/http://www.lanl.gov/security/clearances/index.shtml to http://www.lanl.gov/security/clearances/index.shtml
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*Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20071204110538/http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB35/08-01.htm to http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB35/08-01.htm
*Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20071204075927/http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB35/index.html to http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB35/index.html
*Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070212054900/http://www.dss.mil/isec/nispom.htm to http://www.dss.mil/isec/nispom.htm
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*Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070309170625/http://www.defenselink.mil/Pubs/foi/ to http://www.defenselink.mil/pubs/foi/
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:"Peter Louis Galison, a historian and Director in the History of Science Dept. at Harvard University, claims that the U.S. Government produces more classified information than unclassified information."
When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.
:This is not tangible information nor has it any historical relevance or gravitesse and serves only as a insinuation, its purely speculative and not fact based, thus requires deletion. This has nothing to do with whitewashing. [[Special:Contributions/2001:9E8:46C9:100:D14D:B9E3:7A15:A2A2|2001:9E8:46C9:100:D14D:B9E3:7A15:A2A2]] ([[User talk:2001:9E8:46C9:100:D14D:B9E3:7A15:A2A2|talk]]) 01:38, 2 February 2024 (UTC)


{{reflist-talk}} [[User:DavidMCEddy|DavidMCEddy]] ([[User talk:DavidMCEddy|talk]]) 00:48, 22 January 2023 (UTC)
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== Indictment ==
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I'm depressed but I wanted someone to add some details on charges being brought against Former President. [[User:MattL9|MattL9]] ([[User talk:MattL9|talk]]) 23:56, 12 June 2023 (UTC)
== Illegal to disclose ==
“Congress has repeatedly resisted or failed to pass a law that generally outlaws disclosing classified information” [https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/798 wrong] <!-- Template:Unsigned IP --><small class="autosigned">—&nbsp;Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/24.18.38.178|24.18.38.178]] ([[User talk:24.18.38.178#top|talk]]) 03:14, 11 February 2019 (UTC)</small> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

Latest revision as of 08:44, 10 February 2024

Classification status after unauthorized disclosure?

[edit]

I've been trying to find some references to this situation without much luck, but I think it would be good to add something about it to the Declassification section. Manys (talk) 17:44, 16 September 2020 (UTC)[reply]

NNSA and DOE in such situations just unclassify stuff. Valery Zapolodov (talk) 02:36, 13 August 2022 (UTC)[reply]
DoD says it is still classified even if leaked.

"SCP Level 0" listed at Redirects for discussion

[edit]

An editor has identified a potential problem with the redirect SCP Level 0 and has thus listed it for discussion. This discussion will occur at Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion/Log/2022 March 11#SCP Level 0 until a consensus is reached, and readers of this page are welcome to contribute to the discussion. casualdejekyll 03:13, 11 March 2022 (UTC)[reply]

Is President designated entity under 36 CFR. Ch. 11, Sec. 1260.28?

[edit]

This is the whole TS//RD-CNWDI debacle. Valery Zapolodov (talk) 18:41, 14 August 2022 (UTC)[reply]

whitewashing?

[edit]

@Komorijuno: I appreciate some of your edits of 2023-01-21T23:06:02 but not the deletion of the following:

Peter Louis Galison, a historian and Director[1] in the History of Science Dept. at Harvard University, claims that the U.S. Government produces more classified information than unclassified information.[2]

This looks like whitewashing to me. I've created another sentence summarizing that citation and appended it to the lede. I hope you will find this appropriate.

Thanks for your contributions to our project to give "every single person on the planet ... free access to the sum of all human knowledge." DavidMCEddy (talk) 00:48, 22 January 2023 (UTC)[reply]

"Peter Louis Galison, a historian and Director in the History of Science Dept. at Harvard University, claims that the U.S. Government produces more classified information than unclassified information."
This is not tangible information nor has it any historical relevance or gravitesse and serves only as a insinuation, its purely speculative and not fact based, thus requires deletion. This has nothing to do with whitewashing. 2001:9E8:46C9:100:D14D:B9E3:7A15:A2A2 (talk) 01:38, 2 February 2024 (UTC)[reply]

References

  1. ^ "People – The Department of the History of Science, Harvard University". Fas.harvard.edu. June 24, 2003. Archived from the original on July 1, 2013. Retrieved July 4, 2013.
  2. ^ Department of the History of Science, Harvard University Archived July 19, 2014, at the Wayback Machine

DavidMCEddy (talk) 00:48, 22 January 2023 (UTC)[reply]

Indictment

[edit]

I'm depressed but I wanted someone to add some details on charges being brought against Former President. MattL9 (talk) 23:56, 12 June 2023 (UTC)[reply]

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