Centropyge potteri: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Species of fish}} |
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{{Taxobox |
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{{Speciesbox |
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| name = Potters Angelfish |
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| status = LC |
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| status_system = IUCN3.1 |
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| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Pyle, R. |author2=Myers, R.F. |date=2010 |title=''Centropyge potteri'' |volume=2010 |page=e.T165899A6160601 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-4.RLTS.T165899A6160601.en |access-date=19 November 2021}}</ref> |
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| image = Centropyge potteri Angelfish.jpg |
| image = Centropyge potteri Angelfish.jpg |
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| imagewidth = 250px |
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| authority = ([[David Starr Jordan|Jordan]] & [[Charles William Metz|Metz]], 1912) |
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| regnum = [[Animal]]ia |
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| synonyms = ''Holacanthus potteri'' <small>Jordan & Metz, 1912</small> |
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| phylum = [[Chordata]] |
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| synonyms_ref = <ref name = Fishbase>{{FishBase|Centropyge|potteri|month=December|year=2019}}</ref> |
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| classis = [[Actinopterygii]] |
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| ordo = [[Perciformes]] |
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| familia = [[Pomacanthidae]] |
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| genus = ''[[Centropyge]]'' |
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| species = '''''C. potteri''''' |
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| binomial_authority = (Jordan & Metz, 1912) |
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| Common Name = ''Potter's Angelfish'' |
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}} |
}} |
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'''''Centropyge potteri''''' or '''Potter's Angelfish''' is a [[marine angelfish]] from the Eastern Central Pacific Ocean. |
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'''''Centropyge potteri''''', commonly known as the '''russet angelfish''', '''Potter's angelfish''' or '''Potter's pygmy angelfish''', is a [[species]] of [[Marine (ocean)|marine]] [[ray-finned fish]], a [[marine angelfish]] belonging to the [[Family (biology)|family]] [[Pomacanthidae]]. It is found in the central Pacific Ocean. |
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==Appearance== |
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==Description== |
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''Centropyge potteri''' has a bright orange body marked with thin vertical stripes which are blue to black in colour.<ref name = a-w>{{cite web | url = https://animal-world.com/encyclo/marine/angels/Potters.php | title = Potter's Pygmy Angelfish, Potter's Angel, Russet Angelfish | accessdate = 30 January 2021 | publisher = Animal World}}</ref> The [[Dorsal fin|dorsal]], [[Caudal fin|caudal]] and [[anal fin]]s have a vivid blue margin while the [[Pectoral fin|pectoral]] and [[pelvic fin]]s are orange to bright yellow in colour.<ref name = Fishbase/> The males have a wider area of blue in the middle of the body which extends down on to the belly. There is a deep water vivid blue colour morph in which the stripe are black or purple that has black to burgundy stripes, which occurs at depths below {{convert|60|m|ft}}.<ref name = a-w/> This species attains a maximum total length of {{convert|10|cm|in}}.<ref name = Fishbase/> |
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==Distribution== |
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'' It sometimes makes its way into the aquarium trade. It grows to a size of 10cm in length. It is bright orange with irregular, close-set, thin, vertical black stripes on body. The lower part of the body goes in to a blue-black colour. They inhabit rocky ledges and prefer plenty of live rock that it can dart in and out of. The centropyge is essentially hermaphrodite and generally has a dominant male with a harem of females in the wild. '' |
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''Centropyge potteri'' is found in the central Pacific Ocean where it is found around the [[Hawaiian Islands]] and [[Johnston Atoll]].<ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021" /> |
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==Habitat and biology== |
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== In the aquarium == |
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''Centropyge potteri'' is found at depths between {{convert|10|and|120|m|ft}}.<ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021" /> This species lives in areas of rock, coral or rubble on seaward reefs. Juveniles are occasionally recorded in waters as shallow as {{convert|5|m|ft}}. It is a [[benthopelagic]] species which feeds on algae and detritus.<ref name = Fishbase/> They may live in small social groups, [[Harem (zoology)|harem]]s with a single male and up to 8 females.<ref name = Saltcorner>{{cite web | url = http://www.saltcorner.com/AquariumLibrary/browsespecies.php?CritterID=68&filter=0 | title = ''Centropyge potteri'' | accessdate = 30 January 2021 | publisher = Bob Goemans | year = 2012 | work = Saltcorner!}}</ref> They are protogynous hermaphrodites and if no male is present the dominant female will change sex.<ref name = reefkeeping>{{cite web | url = http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2009-03/fish/index.php | title = Potter's Angelfish, ''Centropyge potteri'' | accessdate = 30 January 2021 | website = reekkeeping.com}}</ref> [[Spawn (biology)|Spawning]] takes place between December and May and usually occurs around nightfall. A spawning pair will select a high outcropping of rock in their territory to spawn over. The male initiates courtship by approaching the female and swimming alongside the female in a vertical position and using a smooth sinuous motion. He then moves to be above the female, halts, raises his dorsal and anal fin, starts to flutter the pectoral fins and makes a slight sideward turn before starting to drift slowly. If he does not elicit a response he will start again with the sinuous swimming notion, repeating until the female responds. When they are ready to mate the red colouration becomes more intense and the par make audible grunts and clicks. The male will then draw the female to the selected outcropping and will continue the display around 90 cm above it. When the female adopts the position that indicates she is ready to mate, the male briefly nuzzles her vent until she releases the eggs. The male then immediately releases his milt and then both fish dive for cover, the female chasing the male and nipping at his caudal fin. They then go to their night time shelter.<ref name = a-w/> |
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==Systematics== |
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''Centropyge potteri'' was first formally [[Species description|described]] in 1912 by the American ichthyologists David Starr Jordan (1851-1931) and Charles William Metz (1889-1975) with the type locality given as [[Honolulu]] on Oahu.<ref name = CofF>{{Cof genus | genus = Centropyge | access-date = 30 January 2021}}</ref> The [[Specific name (zoology)|specific name]] honours Frederick A. Potter the first director of the [[Waikiki Aquarium]] who held the post from 1904 to 1940. Some authorities place this species in the [[subgenus]] ''Centropyge''.<ref name = ETYFish>{{cite web | url = http://www.etyfish.org/acanthuriformes1/ | title =Order ACANTHURIFORMES (part 1): Families LOBOTIDAE, POMACANTHIDAE, DREPANEIDAE and CHAETODONTIDAE | work = The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database | accessdate = 30 January 2021 | date = 21 July 2020 | author1 = Christopher Scharpf | author2 = Kenneth J. Lazara | name-list-style = amp | publisher = Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara}}</ref> |
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==Utilisation== |
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'''Reef Compatible?''' |
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''Centropyge potteri'' appears in the [[Fishkeeping|aquarium]] trade.<ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021" /> |
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It is generally reef compatible, however it has been known to nip at stony (sps) corals |
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'''Feeding?''' |
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Feed a varied diet of live food, frozen foods, meaty items, flake food and plenty of algae. Does best with live rock to graze on. |
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'''How many can I keep?''' |
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Best kept on its own or in pairs. Will fight with its own kind. |
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'''How compatible is it with other fish?''' |
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This fish is peaceful and is generally only aggressive to similar species and its own kind. It can be bullied by larger tank mates. It is best to introduce as one of the first fish to the aquarium. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q958058}} |
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* {{FishBase species | genus = Centropyge| species = potteri| month = December| year = 2008}} |
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* Reefkeeping [http://reefkeeping.com/issues/2009-03/fish/index.php potteri] |
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{{Perciformes-stub}} |
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[[de:Potters Zwergkaiserfisch]] |
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[[Category:Endemic fauna of Hawaii]] |
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[[Category:Fish described in 1912]] |
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[[Category:Taxa named by David Starr Jordan]] |
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Latest revision as of 10:20, 11 February 2024
| Centropyge potteri | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Acanthuriformes |
| Family: | Pomacanthidae |
| Genus: | Centropyge |
| Species: | C. potteri
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| Binomial name | |
| Centropyge potteri | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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Holacanthus potteri Jordan & Metz, 1912 | |
Centropyge potteri, commonly known as the russet angelfish, Potter's angelfish or Potter's pygmy angelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a marine angelfish belonging to the family Pomacanthidae. It is found in the central Pacific Ocean.
Description
[edit]Centropyge potteri' has a bright orange body marked with thin vertical stripes which are blue to black in colour.[3] The dorsal, caudal and anal fins have a vivid blue margin while the pectoral and pelvic fins are orange to bright yellow in colour.[2] The males have a wider area of blue in the middle of the body which extends down on to the belly. There is a deep water vivid blue colour morph in which the stripe are black or purple that has black to burgundy stripes, which occurs at depths below 60 metres (200 ft).[3] This species attains a maximum total length of 10 centimetres (3.9 in).[2]
Distribution
[edit]Centropyge potteri is found in the central Pacific Ocean where it is found around the Hawaiian Islands and Johnston Atoll.[1]
Habitat and biology
[edit]Centropyge potteri is found at depths between 10 and 120 metres (33 and 394 ft).[1] This species lives in areas of rock, coral or rubble on seaward reefs. Juveniles are occasionally recorded in waters as shallow as 5 metres (16 ft). It is a benthopelagic species which feeds on algae and detritus.[2] They may live in small social groups, harems with a single male and up to 8 females.[4] They are protogynous hermaphrodites and if no male is present the dominant female will change sex.[5] Spawning takes place between December and May and usually occurs around nightfall. A spawning pair will select a high outcropping of rock in their territory to spawn over. The male initiates courtship by approaching the female and swimming alongside the female in a vertical position and using a smooth sinuous motion. He then moves to be above the female, halts, raises his dorsal and anal fin, starts to flutter the pectoral fins and makes a slight sideward turn before starting to drift slowly. If he does not elicit a response he will start again with the sinuous swimming notion, repeating until the female responds. When they are ready to mate the red colouration becomes more intense and the par make audible grunts and clicks. The male will then draw the female to the selected outcropping and will continue the display around 90 cm above it. When the female adopts the position that indicates she is ready to mate, the male briefly nuzzles her vent until she releases the eggs. The male then immediately releases his milt and then both fish dive for cover, the female chasing the male and nipping at his caudal fin. They then go to their night time shelter.[3]
Systematics
[edit]Centropyge potteri was first formally described in 1912 by the American ichthyologists David Starr Jordan (1851-1931) and Charles William Metz (1889-1975) with the type locality given as Honolulu on Oahu.[6] The specific name honours Frederick A. Potter the first director of the Waikiki Aquarium who held the post from 1904 to 1940. Some authorities place this species in the subgenus Centropyge.[7]
Utilisation
[edit]Centropyge potteri appears in the aquarium trade.[1]
References
[edit]
- ^ a b c d Pyle, R.; Myers, R.F. (2010). "Centropyge potteri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T165899A6160601. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-4.RLTS.T165899A6160601.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- ^ a b c d Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Centropyge potteri". FishBase. December 2019 version.
- ^ a b c "Potter's Pygmy Angelfish, Potter's Angel, Russet Angelfish". Animal World. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
- ^ "Centropyge potteri". Saltcorner!. Bob Goemans. 2012. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
- ^ "Potter's Angelfish, Centropyge potteri". reekkeeping.com. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
- ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Centropyge". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
- ^ Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara (21 July 2020). "Order ACANTHURIFORMES (part 1): Families LOBOTIDAE, POMACANTHIDAE, DREPANEIDAE and CHAETODONTIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 30 January 2021.