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{{Short description|Former British Army horse artillery battery}}
{{Use British English|date=December 2013}}
{{Use British English|date=December 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{infobox military unit
{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name=Somerset Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.)<br>1/1st Somerset RHA (T.F.)
|unit_name=Somerset Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.)<br />1/1st Somerset RHA (T.F.)
|image=
|image=
|caption=
|caption=
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|role=
|role=
|size=[[Artillery battery|Battery]]
|size=[[Artillery battery|Battery]]
|command_structure=[[2nd South Western Mounted Brigade]]<br>[[III Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.)|III Brigade, RHA (T.F.)]]<br>[[XVIII Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.)|XVIII Brigade, RHA (T.F.)]]
|command_structure=[[2nd South Western Mounted Brigade]]<br />[[III Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.)|III Brigade, RHA (T.F.)]]<br />[[XVIII Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.)|XVIII Brigade, RHA (T.F.)]]
|garrison=[[Taunton]]
|garrison=[[Taunton]]
|garrison_label=peacetime HQ
|garrison_label=peacetime HQ
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|march=
|march=
|mascot=
|mascot=
|equipment=[[Ordnance QF 15-pounder]]<br>[[Ordnance QF 18-pounder]]<br>[[Ordnance QF 13-pounder]]
|equipment=[[Ordnance QF 15-pounder]]<br />[[Ordnance QF 18-pounder]]<br />[[Ordnance QF 13-pounder]]
|equipment_label=
|equipment_label=
|battles=[[First World War]]
|battles=[[First World War]]
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==History==
==History==

===Formation===
===Formation===
The [[Territorial Force]] (TF) was formed on 1 April 1908 following the enactment of the [[Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907]] (7 Edw.7, c.9) which combined and re-organised the old [[Volunteer Force (Great Britain)|Volunteer Force]], the [[Honourable Artillery Company]] and the [[Yeomanry]]. On formation, the TF contained 14 [[infantry]] [[division (military)|division]]s and 14 mounted yeomanry [[brigade]]s.<ref name=Westlake3>{{harvnb|Westlake|1992|p=3}}</ref> Each yeomanry brigade included a [[horse artillery]] [[Artillery battery|battery]] and an [[ammunition column]].<ref name=Westlake5>{{harvnb|Westlake|1992|p=5}}</ref>
The [[Territorial Force]] (TF) was formed on 1 April 1908 following the enactment of the [[Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907]] (7 Edw.7, c.9) which combined and re-organised the old [[Volunteer Force (Great Britain)|Volunteer Force]], the [[Honourable Artillery Company]] and the [[Yeomanry]]. On formation, the TF contained 14 [[infantry]] [[division (military)|division]]s and 14 mounted yeomanry [[brigade]]s.<ref name=Westlake3>{{harvnb|Westlake|1992|p=3}}</ref> Each yeomanry brigade included a [[horse artillery]] [[Artillery battery|battery]] and an [[ammunition column]].<ref name=Westlake5>{{harvnb|Westlake|1992|p=5}}</ref>
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:Battery HQ at [[Taunton]]
:Battery HQ at [[Taunton]]
:Somerset Battery at Taunton
:Somerset Battery at Taunton
:2nd South Western Mounted Brigade Ammunition Column also at Taunton<ref name=Conrad>{{cite web | url=http://marksrussianmilitaryhistory.info/BRIT14.html | title=The British Army, 1914 | last=Conrad | first=Mark | year=1996 | accessdate=27 November 2013}}</ref>
:2nd South Western Mounted Brigade Ammunition Column also at Taunton<ref name=Conrad>{{cite web | url=http://marksrussianmilitaryhistory.info/BRIT14.html | title=The British Army, 1914 | last=Conrad | first=Mark | year=1996 | access-date=27 November 2013}}</ref>
The battery was equipped with four<ref name=Westlake3/> [[Ordnance QF 15-pounder|Ehrhardt 15-pounder]]<ref name=Clarke23>{{harvnb|Clarke|2004|p=23}}</ref> guns and allocated as artillery support to the [[2nd South Western Mounted Brigade]].<ref name=LLT_RHA>{{cite web | url=http://www.1914-1918.net/rha.htm | title=The Royal Horse Artillery | publisher=The Long, Long Trail | last=Baker | first=Chris | accessdate=27 November 2013}}</ref>
The battery was equipped with four<ref name=Westlake3/> [[Ordnance QF 15-pounder|Ehrhardt 15-pounder]]<ref name=Clarke23>{{harvnb|Clarke|2004|p=23}}</ref> guns and allocated as artillery support to the [[2nd South Western Mounted Brigade]].<ref name=LLT_RHA>{{cite web | url=http://www.1914-1918.net/rha.htm | title=The Royal Horse Artillery | publisher=The Long, Long Trail | last=Baker | first=Chris | access-date=27 November 2013}}</ref>


===First World War===
===First World War===
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===={{anchor|1st Line}} 1/1st Somerset====
===={{anchor|1st Line}} 1/1st Somerset====
The battery was embodied with the 2nd South Western Mounted Brigade on 4 August 1914 at the outbreak of the [[First World War]]. The brigade was assigned to the Third Army of Central Force<ref name=Rinaldi60>{{harvnb|Rinaldi|2008|p=60}}</ref> and moved to the [[Colchester]] area of [[Essex]] in August 1914 where it remained until September 1915.<ref name=James36>{{harvnb|James|1978|p=36}}</ref> In late September 1915, the 2nd South Western Mounted Brigade (without the battery) was dismounted and left Essex for [[Liverpool]] en route to [[Gallipoli 1915|Gallipoli]].<ref name=James1728>{{harvnb|James|1978|pp=17,18,28}}</ref> The battery remained in the UK until February 1916 when it (and its ammunition column) was embarked at [[Southampton]] and transported to [[Alexandria]] in Egypt.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=164721 | title=Essex RHA (TF) | publisher=The Great War Forum | date=15 June 2011 | accessdate=24 December 2013 }}</ref>
The battery was embodied with the 2nd South Western Mounted Brigade on 4 August 1914 at the outbreak of the [[First World War]]. The brigade was assigned to the Third Army of Central Force<ref name=Rinaldi60>{{harvnb|Rinaldi|2008|p=60}}</ref> and moved to the [[Colchester]] area of [[Essex]] in August 1914 where it remained until September 1915.<ref name=James36>{{harvnb|James|1978|p=36}}</ref> In late September 1915, the 2nd South Western Mounted Brigade (without the battery) was dismounted and left Essex for [[Liverpool]] en route to [[Gallipoli 1915|Gallipoli]].<ref name=James1728>{{harvnb|James|1978|pp=17,18,28}}</ref> The battery remained in the United Kingdom until February 1916 when it (and its ammunition column) was embarked at [[Southampton]] and transported to [[Alexandria]] in Egypt.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=164721 | title=Essex RHA (TF) | publisher=The Great War Forum | date=15 June 2011 | access-date=24 December 2013 }}</ref>


;Service with III Brigade
;Service with III Brigade
[[File:British 18 pounder Romani 1916 AWM H03786.jpeg|thumb|left|<center>British artillerymen loading an 18 pounder gun at Romani in 1916</center>]]
[[File:British 18 pounder Romani 1916 AWM H03786.jpeg|thumb|left|{{center|British artillerymen loading an 18 pounder gun at Romani in 1916}}]]
[[III Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.)]] was formed in April 1916 in the [[Egyptian Expeditionary Force]] with the [[Leicestershire Royal Horse Artillery|Leicestershire]] and Somerset Batteries, RHA.<ref name=Frederick449>{{harvnb|Frederick|1984|p=449}}</ref>{{efn|[[IV Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.)]] was formed at the same time with [[Ayrshire Royal Horse Artillery|Ayrshire Battery, RHA (T.F.)]] and [[Inverness-shire Royal Horse Artillery|Inverness-shire Battery, RHA (T.F.)]].<ref name=Frederick449/>}} It was assigned to the [[ANZAC Mounted Division]] to provide artillery support.<ref name=Perry51>{{harvnb|Perry|1992|p=51}}</ref> In practice, the batteries were permanently attached to the mounted brigades of the division and Somerset RHA joined the Australian [[2nd Light Horse Brigade]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://alh-research.tripod.com/Light_Horse/index.blog/1860072/2nd-australian-light-horse-brigade/ | title=2nd Australian Light Horse Brigade | publisher=Australian Light Horse Studies Centre | date=9 October 2009 | accessdate=18 December 2013}}</ref>
[[III Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.)]] was formed in April 1916 in the [[Egyptian Expeditionary Force]] with the [[Leicestershire Royal Horse Artillery|Leicestershire]] and Somerset Batteries, RHA.<ref name=Frederick449>{{harvnb|Frederick|1984|p=449}}</ref>{{efn|[[IV Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.)]] was formed at the same time with [[Ayrshire Royal Horse Artillery|Ayrshire Battery, RHA (T.F.)]] and [[Inverness-shire Royal Horse Artillery|Inverness-shire Battery, RHA (T.F.)]].<ref name=Frederick449/>}} It was assigned to the [[ANZAC Mounted Division]] to provide artillery support.<ref name=Perry51>{{harvnb|Perry|1992|p=51}}</ref> In practice, the batteries were permanently attached to the mounted brigades of the division and Somerset RHA joined the Australian [[2nd Light Horse Brigade]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://alh-research.tripod.com/Light_Horse/index.blog/1860072/2nd-australian-light-horse-brigade/ | title=2nd Australian Light Horse Brigade | publisher=Australian Light Horse Studies Centre | date=9 October 2009 | access-date=18 December 2013}}</ref>


The battery served with the ANZAC Mounted Division in the [[Sinai and Palestine Campaign]] throughout the rest of the war. With the division, it saw action at the [[Battle of Romani]] (4{{snd}}14 August 1916) as part of No. 3 Section, Suez Canal Defences. This saw the repulse of the final Turkish attempt to cut the [[Suez Canal]].<ref name=Perry52>{{harvnb|Perry|1992|p=52}}</ref>
The battery served with the ANZAC Mounted Division in the [[Sinai and Palestine Campaign]] throughout the rest of the war. With the division, it saw action at the [[Battle of Romani]] (4{{snd}}14 August 1916) as part of No. 3 Section, Suez Canal Defences. This saw the repulse of the final Turkish attempt to cut the [[Suez Canal]].<ref name=Perry52>{{harvnb|Perry|1992|p=52}}</ref>


The division then joined the [[Desert Column]] and with it took part in the advance across the [[Sinai]]. It fought at the [[Battle of Magdhaba]] (23 December 1916) and the [[Battle of Rafa]]h (9 January 1917).<ref name=Perry52/> The batteries were then re-equipped with four [[18 pounder]]s each<ref name=Farndale83>{{harvnb|Farndale|1988|p=83}}</ref> before taking part in the [[First Battle of Gaza|First]] (26{{snd}}27 March 1917) and [[Second Battle of Gaza|Second Battles of Gaza]] (17{{snd}}9 April 1917).<ref name=Perry52/>
The division then joined the [[Desert Column]] and with it took part in the advance across the [[Sinai Peninsula|Sinai]]. It fought at the [[Battle of Magdhaba]] (23 December 1916) and the [[Battle of Rafa]]h (9 January 1917).<ref name=Perry52/> The batteries were then re-equipped with four [[18 pounder]]s each<ref name=Farndale83>{{harvnb|Farndale|1988|p=83}}</ref> before taking part in the [[First Battle of Gaza|First]] (26{{snd}}27 March 1917) and [[Second Battle of Gaza|Second Battles of Gaza]] (17{{snd}}9 April 1917).<ref name=Perry52/>


;Service with XVIII Brigade
;Service with XVIII Brigade
In June 1917, the Desert Column was reorganised from two mounted divisions of four brigades each (ANZAC and [[Imperial Mounted Division]]s) to three mounted divisions of three brigades each (ANZAC, [[Australian Mounted Division|Australian]]{{snd}}Imperial Mounted Division renamed{{snd}}and the new [[Yeomanry Mounted Division]]).<ref name=Becke34>{{harvnb|Becke|1936|p=34}}</ref> Consequently, the [[22nd Mounted Brigade]] was transferred from the ANZAC to the Yeomanry Mounted Division on 6 July 1917. With a reduction to three brigades, there was a corresponding reduction in the artillery to three batteries. The Leicestershire Battery departed on 20 June to join [[XX Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.)|XX Brigade, RHA (T.F.)]] in the Yeomanry Mounted Division.<ref name=Perry51/>{{efn|22nd Mounted Brigade was originally designated as the [[North Midland Mounted Brigade]]. Leicestershire RHA had been formed in 1908 for this brigade<ref name=Frederick673>{{harvnb|Frederick|1984|p=673}}</ref> and was mobilised with it in 1914.<ref name=Conrad/>}}
In June 1917, the Desert Column was reorganised from two mounted divisions of four brigades each (ANZAC and [[Imperial Mounted Division]]s) to three mounted divisions of three brigades each (ANZAC, [[Australian Mounted Division|Australian]]{{snd}}Imperial Mounted Division renamed{{snd}}and the new [[Yeomanry Mounted Division]]).<ref name=Becke34>{{harvnb|Becke|1936|p=34}}</ref> Consequently, the [[22nd Mounted Brigade]] was transferred from the ANZAC to the Yeomanry Mounted Division on 6 July 1917. With a reduction to three brigades, there was a corresponding reduction in the artillery to three batteries. The Leicestershire Battery departed on 20 June to join [[XX Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.)|XX Brigade, RHA (T.F.)]] in the Yeomanry Mounted Division.<ref name=Perry51/>{{efn|22nd Mounted Brigade was originally designated as the [[North Midland Mounted Brigade]]. Leicestershire RHA had been formed in 1908 for this brigade<ref name=Frederick673>{{harvnb|Frederick|1984|p=673}}</ref> and was mobilised with it in 1914.<ref name=Conrad/>}}


This led to a reorganization of ANZAC Mounted Division's artillery. A new [[Headquarters#Military|headquarters]], [[XVIII Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.)]], was formed for the division and took command of the Somerset Battery and [[Inverness-shire Royal Horse Artillery|Inverness-shire]] and [[Ayrshire Royal Horse Artillery|Ayrshire Batteries]] of [[IV Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.)]].<ref name=Perry51/>{{efn|Frederick makes clear that XVIII Brigade was distinct from III and IV Brigades and was not either one redesignated.<ref name=Frederick449/>}} Somerset RHA was now attached to the [[1st Light Horse Brigade]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://alh-research.tripod.com/Light_Horse/index.blog/1859849/1st-australian-light-horse-brigade/ | title=1st Australian Light Horse Brigade | publisher=Australian Light Horse Studies Centre | date=10 November 2009 | accessdate=18 December 2013}}</ref> The batteries were still equipped with 18 pounders when the new brigade was organised<ref name=Farndale90>{{harvnb|Farndale|1988|p=90}}</ref> but were re-equipped with [[13 pounder]]s (four per battery) in time for the [[Third Battle of Gaza]] at the end of October 1917.<ref name=Farndale95>{{harvnb|Farndale|1988|p=95}}</ref>
This led to a reorganization of ANZAC Mounted Division's artillery. A new [[Headquarters#Military|headquarters]], [[XVIII Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.)]], was formed for the division and took command of the Somerset Battery and [[Inverness-shire Royal Horse Artillery|Inverness-shire]] and [[Ayrshire Royal Horse Artillery|Ayrshire Batteries]] of [[IV Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.)]].<ref name=Perry51/>{{efn|Frederick makes clear that XVIII Brigade was distinct from III and IV Brigades and was not either one redesignated.<ref name=Frederick449/>}} Somerset RHA was now attached to the [[1st Light Horse Brigade]].<ref>{{cite web | url=http://alh-research.tripod.com/Light_Horse/index.blog/1859849/1st-australian-light-horse-brigade/ | title=1st Australian Light Horse Brigade | publisher=Australian Light Horse Studies Centre | date=10 November 2009 | access-date=18 December 2013}}</ref> The batteries were still equipped with 18 pounders when the new brigade was organised<ref name=Farndale90>{{harvnb|Farndale|1988|p=90}}</ref> but were re-equipped with [[13 pounder]]s (four per battery) in time for the [[Third Battle of Gaza]] at the end of October 1917.<ref name=Farndale95>{{harvnb|Farndale|1988|p=95}}</ref>


The brigade, and its batteries, remained with the ANZAC Mounted Division for the rest of the [[Sinai and Palestine Campaign]]. As part of the [[Desert Mounted Corps]], the division took part in the Third Battle of Gaza, in particular the [[Battle of Beersheba (1917)|Capture of Beersheba]] (31 October) and the [[Battle of Mughar Ridge]] (13 and 14 November), and the defence of Jerusalem against the [[Battle of Jerusalem (1917)#Ottoman counterattacks|Turkish counter-attacks]] (27 November{{snd}}3 December).<ref name=Perry52/>
The brigade, and its batteries, remained with the ANZAC Mounted Division for the rest of the [[Sinai and Palestine Campaign]]. As part of the [[Desert Mounted Corps]], the division took part in the Third Battle of Gaza, in particular the [[Battle of Beersheba (1917)|Capture of Beersheba]] (31 October) and the [[Battle of Mughar Ridge]] (13 and 14 November), and the defence of Jerusalem against the [[Battle of Jerusalem (1917)#Ottoman counterattacks|Turkish counter-attacks]] (27 November{{snd}}3 December).<ref name=Perry52/>
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|role=
|role=
|size=[[Artillery battery|Battery]]
|size=[[Artillery battery|Battery]]
|command_structure=[[2/2nd South Western Mounted Brigade]]<br>[[CCCXVIII Brigade, Royal Field Artillery (T.F.)|CCCXVIII Brigade, RFA (T.F.)]]<br>[[CCXXIII Brigade, Royal Field Artillery (T.F.)|CCXXIII Brigade, RFA (T.F.)]]
|command_structure=[[2/2nd South Western Mounted Brigade]]<br />[[CCCXVIII Brigade, Royal Field Artillery (T.F.)|CCCXVIII Brigade, RFA (T.F.)]]<br />[[CCXXIII Brigade, Royal Field Artillery (T.F.)|CCXXIII Brigade, RFA (T.F.)]]
|garrison=
|garrison=
|garrison_label=
|garrison_label=
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|march=
|march=
|mascot=
|mascot=
|equipment=[[Ordnance QF 15-pounder]]<br>[[Ordnance QF 18-pounder]]
|equipment=[[Ordnance QF 15-pounder]]<br />[[Ordnance QF 18-pounder]]
|equipment_label=
|equipment_label=
|battles=[[First World War]]
|battles=[[First World War]]
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Somerset RHA formed a 2nd line in 1914, initially designated as the '''Somerset (Reserve) Battery RHA'''<ref name=Rinaldi242>{{harvnb|Rinaldi|2008|p=242}}</ref> and later given a fractional designation as '''2/1st Somerset Battery, RHA'''.<ref name=LLT_RHA/> [[2/2nd South Western Mounted Brigade]] was formed in January 1915.<ref name=James1728/>
Somerset RHA formed a 2nd line in 1914, initially designated as the '''Somerset (Reserve) Battery RHA'''<ref name=Rinaldi242>{{harvnb|Rinaldi|2008|p=242}}</ref> and later given a fractional designation as '''2/1st Somerset Battery, RHA'''.<ref name=LLT_RHA/> [[2/2nd South Western Mounted Brigade]] was formed in January 1915.<ref name=James1728/>


The pre-war [[Territorial Force]] infantry divisions were generally{{efn|name=HighlandRFA|[[51st (Highland) Division]] was exceptional in that it had three field and one [[mountain artillery]] brigade.}} supported by four [[field artillery]] [[Brigade#United Kingdom|brigades]].{{efn|name=Brigade|The basic organic unit of the [[Royal Artillery]] was, and is, the [[Artillery battery|Battery]].<ref name=MOD_RA>{{cite web | url=http://www.army.mod.uk/artillery/23445.aspx | title=The Royal Artillery | publisher=[[Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)]] | accessdate=18 November 2013}}</ref> When grouped together they formed brigades, in the same way that infantry battalions or cavalry regiments were grouped together in brigades. At the outbreak of the [[First World War]], a field artillery brigade of [[Headquarters#Military|headquarters]] (4 officers, 37 [[Other ranks (UK)|other ranks]]), three batteries (5 and 193 each), and a brigade ammunition column (4 and 154)<ref name=LLT_WAB>{{cite web | url=http://www.1914-1918.net/whatartbrig.htm | title=What was an artillery brigade? | publisher=The Long, Long Trail | first=Chris | last=Baker | accessdate=18 November 2013}}</ref> had a total strength just under 800 so was broadly comparable to an infantry battalion (just over 1,000) or a cavalry regiment (about 550). Like an infantry battalion, an artillery brigade was usually commanded by a [[Lieutenant-Colonel]]. Artillery brigades were redesignated as regiments in 1938. Note that the battery strength refers to a battery of six guns; a four-gun battery would be about two thirds of this.}} These were numbered I, II, III and IV within each division and consisted of three gun brigades (each of three batteries, equipped with four [[Ordnance BLC 15-pounder|15-pounder]] guns) and a [[howitzer]] brigade (two batteries of four [[BL 5-inch howitzer|5" howitzers]]).<ref name=Conrad/> Artillery for 2nd Line divisions were formed in a similar manner, with a fractional designation, for example the artillery for the [[63rd (2nd Northumberland) Division]] consisted of 2/I Northumberland Brigade, RFA (with 2/1st, 2/2nd and 2/3rd Northumberland Batteries, RFA), 2/II Northumberland Brigade, RFA (with 2/1st, 2/2nd and 2/3rd East Riding Batteries, RFA), 2/III Northumberland Brigade, RFA (with 2/1st, 2/2nd and 2/3rd Durham Batteries, RFA) and 2/IV Northumberland ([[Howitzer]]) Brigade, RFA (with 2/4th and 2/5th Durham (Howitzer) Batteries, RFA).<ref name=Becke53>{{harvnb|Becke|1937|p=53}}</ref>
The pre-war [[Territorial Force]] infantry divisions were generally{{efn|name=HighlandRFA|[[51st (Highland) Division]] was exceptional in that it had three field and one [[mountain artillery]] brigade.}} supported by four [[field artillery]] [[Brigade#United Kingdom|brigades]].{{efn|name=Brigade|The basic organic unit of the [[Royal Artillery]] was, and is, the [[Artillery battery|Battery]].<ref name=MOD_RA>{{cite web | url=http://www.army.mod.uk/artillery/23445.aspx | title=The Royal Artillery | publisher=[[Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)]] | access-date=18 November 2013}}</ref> When grouped together they formed brigades, in the same way that infantry battalions or cavalry regiments were grouped together in brigades. At the outbreak of the [[First World War]], a field artillery brigade of [[Headquarters#Military|headquarters]] (4 officers, 37 [[Other ranks (UK)|other ranks]]), three batteries (5 and 193 each), and a brigade ammunition column (4 and 154)<ref name=LLT_WAB>{{cite web | url=http://www.1914-1918.net/whatartbrig.htm | title=What was an artillery brigade? | publisher=The Long, Long Trail | first=Chris | last=Baker | access-date=18 November 2013}}</ref> had a total strength just under 800 so was broadly comparable to an infantry battalion (just over 1,000) or a cavalry regiment (about 550). Like an infantry battalion, an artillery brigade was usually commanded by a [[Lieutenant-Colonel]]. Artillery brigades were redesignated as regiments in 1938. Note that the battery strength refers to a battery of six guns; a four-gun battery would be about two thirds of this.}} These were numbered I, II, III and IV within each division and consisted of three gun brigades (each of three batteries, equipped with four [[Ordnance BLC 15-pounder|15-pounder]] guns) and a [[howitzer]] brigade (two batteries of four [[BL 5-inch howitzer|5" howitzers]]).<ref name=Conrad/> Artillery for 2nd Line divisions were formed in a similar manner, with a fractional designation, for example the artillery for the [[63rd (2nd Northumberland) Division]] consisted of 2/I Northumberland Brigade, RFA (with 2/1st, 2/2nd and 2/3rd Northumberland Batteries, RFA), 2/II Northumberland Brigade, RFA (with 2/1st, 2/2nd and 2/3rd East Riding Batteries, RFA), 2/III Northumberland Brigade, RFA (with 2/1st, 2/2nd and 2/3rd Durham Batteries, RFA) and 2/IV Northumberland ([[Howitzer]]) Brigade, RFA (with 2/4th and 2/5th Durham (Howitzer) Batteries, RFA).<ref name=Becke53>{{harvnb|Becke|1937|p=53}}</ref>


Between 8 and 22 May 1916, the artillery of 63rd (2nd Northumberland) Division was reorganized. The brigades were numbered (CCCXV, CCCXVI, CCCXVII, and CCCXVIII) and the batteries lettered (so 2/1st Northumberland Battery became A Battery, CCCXV Brigade). The howitzer batteries of CCCXVIII Brigade were transferred to CCCXV and CCCXVI brigades and the brigade was reformed with three gun batteries.<ref name=Becke53/> [[2/1st Leicestershire Royal Horse Artillery|2/1st Leicestershire RHA]] joined as A Battery<ref name=Becke6>{{harvnb|Becke|1936|p=6}}</ref> and 2/1st Somerset RHA as B Battery.<ref name=2/1Leicester>{{cite web | url=http://1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=156047 | title=Leicestershire Battery RHA (TF) | publisher=Great War Forum | date=19 November 2010 | accessdate=26 December 2013}}</ref> The batteries each consisted of four [[18 pounder]]s.<ref name=Becke123>{{harvnb|Becke|1945|p=123}}</ref>
Between 8 and 22 May 1916, the artillery of 63rd (2nd Northumberland) Division was reorganized. The brigades were numbered (CCCXV, CCCXVI, CCCXVII, and CCCXVIII) and the batteries lettered (so 2/1st Northumberland Battery became A Battery, CCCXV Brigade). The howitzer batteries of CCCXVIII Brigade were transferred to CCCXV and CCCXVI brigades and the brigade was reformed with three gun batteries.<ref name=Becke53/> [[2/1st Leicestershire Royal Horse Artillery|2/1st Leicestershire RHA]] joined as A Battery<ref name=Becke6>{{harvnb|Becke|1936|p=6}}</ref> and 2/1st Somerset RHA as B Battery.<ref name="2/1Leicester">{{cite web | url=http://1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=156047 | title=Leicestershire Battery RHA (TF) | publisher=Great War Forum | date=19 November 2010 | access-date=26 December 2013}}</ref> The batteries each consisted of four [[18 pounder]]s.<ref name=Becke123>{{harvnb|Becke|1945|p=123}}</ref>


In 2 July 1916, the 63rd (2nd Northumberland) Division's artillery left for France where it joined the [[Royal Naval Division]].<ref name=Becke53/>{{efn|The 63rd (2nd Northumberland) Division was broken up on 21 July 1916<ref name=Becke52>{{harvnb|Becke|1937|p=52}}</ref> and the Royal Naval Division immediately adopted its number as 63rd (Royal Naval) Division.<ref name=Becke127>{{harvnb|Becke|1945|p=127}}</ref>}} On 18 July, A (Howitzer) Battery of XXCCIII Brigade (formerly 1/4th Kent (Howitzer) Battery of 1/IV Home Counties (Howitzer) Brigade<ref name=Becke120>{{harvnb|Becke|1945|p=120}}</ref>) joined the brigade as D (Howitzer) Battery. With the breakup of XXCCIII Brigade, CCCXVIII Brigade was redesignated XXCCIII Brigade on 31 July. On 31 August, the batteries of the brigade were made up to 6 guns apiece and the battery now consisted of six 18 pounders.<ref name=Becke123/>
On 2 July 1916, the 63rd (2nd Northumberland) Division's artillery left for France where it joined the [[Royal Naval Division]].<ref name=Becke53/>{{efn|The 63rd (2nd Northumberland) Division was broken up on 21 July 1916<ref name=Becke52>{{harvnb|Becke|1937|p=52}}</ref> and the Royal Naval Division immediately adopted its number as 63rd (Royal Naval) Division.<ref name=Becke127>{{harvnb|Becke|1945|p=127}}</ref>}} On 18 July, A (Howitzer) Battery of XXCCIII Brigade (formerly 1/4th Kent (Howitzer) Battery of 1/IV Home Counties (Howitzer) Brigade<ref name=Becke120>{{harvnb|Becke|1945|p=120}}</ref>) joined the brigade as D (Howitzer) Battery. With the breakup of XXCCIII Brigade, CCCXVIII Brigade was redesignated XXCCIII Brigade on 31 July. On 31 August, the batteries of the brigade were made up to 6 guns apiece and the battery now consisted of six 18 pounders.<ref name=Becke123/>


The battery, and the brigade, served with [[63rd (Royal Naval) Division]] for the rest of the war on the [[Western Front (World War I)|Western Front]]. With the division, it took part in the [[Battle of the Ancre]] (13{{snd}}15 November 1916), [[Ancre|Operations on the Ancre]] (20 January{{snd}}27 February 1917) and [[Miraumont|Battle of Miraumont]] (17 and 18 February). It then took part in the [[Battle of Arras (1917)|Battles of Arras]], notably the [[Second Battle of the Scarpe]] (23 and 24 April) and the [[Battle of Arleux]] (28 and 29 April). At the end of 1917, it took part in the [[Third Battle of Ypres]] notably the [[Second Battle of Passchendaele]] (26 October{{snd}}5 November) and [[Welch Ridge]] (30 and 31 December).<ref name=Becke127/>
The battery, and the brigade, served with [[63rd (Royal Naval) Division]] for the rest of the war on the [[Western Front (World War I)|Western Front]]. With the division, it took part in the [[Battle of the Ancre]] (13{{snd}}15 November 1916), [[Ancre|Operations on the Ancre]] (20 January{{snd}}27 February 1917) and [[Miraumont|Battle of Miraumont]] (17 and 18 February). It then took part in the [[Battle of Arras (1917)|Battles of Arras]], notably the [[Second Battle of the Scarpe]] (23 and 24 April) and the [[Battle of Arleux]] (28 and 29 April). At the end of 1917, it took part in the [[Third Battle of Ypres]] notably the [[Second Battle of Passchendaele]] (26 October{{snd}}5 November) and [[Welch Ridge]] (30 and 31 December).<ref name=Becke127/>
Line 181: Line 183:


==See also==
==See also==
{{Portal|United Kingdom}}
{{portal|British Army|World War I}}
* [[List of units of the British Army Territorial Force 1908#Royal Horse Artillery|List of Territorial Force horse artillery batteries 1908]]


==Notes==
==Notes==
Line 191: Line 194:
==Bibliography==
==Bibliography==
* {{cite book
* {{cite book
| ref = harv
| last = Becke | first = Major A.F.
| last = Becke | first = Major A.F.
| year = 1936
| year = 1936
Line 200: Line 202:
}}
}}
* {{cite book
* {{cite book
| ref = harv
| last = Becke | first = Major A.F.
| last = Becke | first = Major A.F.
| year = 1937
| year = 1937
Line 209: Line 210:
}}
}}
* {{cite book
* {{cite book
| ref = harv
| last = Becke | first = Major A.F.
| last = Becke | first = Major A.F.
| year = 1945
| year = 1945
Line 218: Line 218:
}}
}}
* {{cite book
* {{cite book
| ref = harv
| last = Clarke | first = Dale
| last = Clarke | first = Dale
| year = 2004
| year = 2004
| title = British Artillery 1914–19 Field Army Artillery
| title = British Artillery 1914–19 Field Army Artillery
| volume = Volume 94 of New Vanguard Series
| volume = 94 of New Vanguard Series
| publisher = Osprey Publishing
| publisher = Osprey Publishing
| location = Oxford
| location = Oxford
Line 228: Line 227:
}}
}}
* {{cite book
* {{cite book
| ref = harv
| last = Farndale | first = General Sir Martin
| last = Farndale | first = General Sir Martin
| authorlink = Martin Farndale
| authorlink = Martin Farndale
Line 239: Line 237:
}}
}}
* {{cite book
* {{cite book
| ref = harv
| last = Frederick | first = J.B.M.
| last = Frederick | first = J.B.M.
| year = 1984
| year = 1984
Line 248: Line 245:
}}
}}
* {{cite book
* {{cite book
| ref = harv
| last = James | first = Brigadier E.A.
| last = James | first = Brigadier E.A.
| year = 1978
| year = 1978
Line 257: Line 253:
}}
}}
* {{cite book
* {{cite book
| ref = harv
| last = Perry | first = F.W.
| last = Perry | first = F.W.
| year = 1992
| year = 1992
| title = Order of Battle of Divisions Part 5A. The Divisions of Australia, Canada and New Zealand and those in East Africa
| title = Order of Battle of Divisions Part 5A. The Divisions of Australia, Canada and New Zealand and those in East Africa
| publisher = Ray Westlake Military Books
| publisher = Ray Westlake Military Books
| location = Newport, Gwent
| location = Newport
| isbn = 1-871167-25-6
| isbn = 1-871167-25-6
}}
}}
* {{cite book
* {{cite book
| ref = harv
| last = Rinaldi | first = Richard A
| last = Rinaldi | first = Richard A
| year = 2008
| year = 2008
Line 274: Line 268:
}}
}}
* {{cite book
* {{cite book
| ref = harv
| last = Westlake | first = Ray
| last = Westlake | first = Ray
| year = 1992
| year = 1992
Line 291: Line 284:
==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.1914-1918.net/rha.htm ''The Royal Horse Artillery'' on The Long, Long Trail]
*[http://www.1914-1918.net/rha.htm ''The Royal Horse Artillery'' on The Long, Long Trail]
*[http://www.wartimememoriesproject.com/greatwar/allied/royalhorseartillery-gw.php The Great War Royal Horse Artillery]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20141213015214/http://www.wartimememoriesproject.com/greatwar/allied/royalhorseartillery-gw.php The Great War Royal Horse Artillery]


{{Royal Horse Artillery}}
{{Royal Horse Artillery}}

Latest revision as of 23:24, 11 February 2024

Somerset Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.)
1/1st Somerset RHA (T.F.)
Active30 September 1908 – April 1919
Country United Kingdom
Branch British Army
TypeArtillery
SizeBattery
Part of2nd South Western Mounted Brigade
III Brigade, RHA (T.F.)
XVIII Brigade, RHA (T.F.)
peacetime HQTaunton
EquipmentOrdnance QF 15-pounder
Ordnance QF 18-pounder
Ordnance QF 13-pounder
EngagementsFirst World War
Sinai and Palestine 1916-18
Battle of Romani
Battle of Magdhaba
Battle of Rafah
First and Second Battles of Gaza
Battle of Beersheba
Battle of Mughar Ridge
Battle of Jerusalem
Capture of Jericho
First and Second Trans-Jordan Raids
Battle of Abu Tellul
Capture of Amman

The Somerset Royal Horse Artillery was a Territorial Force Royal Horse Artillery battery that was formed in Somerset in 1908. It saw active service during the First World War in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign with the ANZAC Mounted Division from 1916 to 1918. A second line battery, 2/1st Somerset RHA, served on the Western Front with the 63rd (Royal Naval) Division from 1916 to 1918. It was disembodied after the end of the war and was not reconstituted in the Territorial Force in 1920.

History

[edit]

Formation

[edit]

The Territorial Force (TF) was formed on 1 April 1908 following the enactment of the Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907 (7 Edw.7, c.9) which combined and re-organised the old Volunteer Force, the Honourable Artillery Company and the Yeomanry. On formation, the TF contained 14 infantry divisions and 14 mounted yeomanry brigades.[1] Each yeomanry brigade included a horse artillery battery and an ammunition column.[2]

On 18 March 1908, Somerset Royal Horse Artillery (Territorial Force) was proposed as a new unit and it was recognized by the Army Council on 30 September 1908 (and the ammunition column on 2 December 1908).[3] The unit consisted of

Battery HQ at Taunton
Somerset Battery at Taunton
2nd South Western Mounted Brigade Ammunition Column also at Taunton[4]

The battery was equipped with four[1] Ehrhardt 15-pounder[5] guns and allocated as artillery support to the 2nd South Western Mounted Brigade.[6]

First World War

[edit]
2nd South Western Mounted Brigade
Organisation on 4 August 1914
Assigned units
A Squadron at Thorverton
B Squadron at Ottery St Mary
C Squadron at Totnes
D Squadron at Bodmin (Cornwall)
A Squadron at Holsworthy
B Squadron at Barnstaple
C Squadron at South Molton
D Squadron at Great Torrington
A Squadron at Wellington
B Squadron at Taunton
C Squadron at Bridgwater
D Squadron at Yeovil
  • Brigade troops
Transport and Supply Column, ASC,
Weston-super-Mare

In accordance with the Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907 (7 Edw.7, c.9) which brought the Territorial Force into being, the TF was intended to be a home defence force for service during wartime and members could not be compelled to serve outside the country. However, on the outbreak of war on 4 August 1914, many members volunteered for Imperial Service. Therefore, TF units were split into 1st Line (liable for overseas service) and 2nd Line (home service for those unable or unwilling to serve overseas) units. 2nd Line units performed the home defence role, although in fact most of these were also posted abroad in due course.[6]

1/1st Somerset

[edit]

The battery was embodied with the 2nd South Western Mounted Brigade on 4 August 1914 at the outbreak of the First World War. The brigade was assigned to the Third Army of Central Force[8] and moved to the Colchester area of Essex in August 1914 where it remained until September 1915.[9] In late September 1915, the 2nd South Western Mounted Brigade (without the battery) was dismounted and left Essex for Liverpool en route to Gallipoli.[10] The battery remained in the United Kingdom until February 1916 when it (and its ammunition column) was embarked at Southampton and transported to Alexandria in Egypt.[11]

Service with III Brigade
British artillerymen loading an 18 pounder gun at Romani in 1916

III Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.) was formed in April 1916 in the Egyptian Expeditionary Force with the Leicestershire and Somerset Batteries, RHA.[12][a] It was assigned to the ANZAC Mounted Division to provide artillery support.[13] In practice, the batteries were permanently attached to the mounted brigades of the division and Somerset RHA joined the Australian 2nd Light Horse Brigade.[14]

The battery served with the ANZAC Mounted Division in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign throughout the rest of the war. With the division, it saw action at the Battle of Romani (4 – 14 August 1916) as part of No. 3 Section, Suez Canal Defences. This saw the repulse of the final Turkish attempt to cut the Suez Canal.[15]

The division then joined the Desert Column and with it took part in the advance across the Sinai. It fought at the Battle of Magdhaba (23 December 1916) and the Battle of Rafah (9 January 1917).[15] The batteries were then re-equipped with four 18 pounders each[16] before taking part in the First (26 – 27 March 1917) and Second Battles of Gaza (17 – 9 April 1917).[15]

Service with XVIII Brigade

In June 1917, the Desert Column was reorganised from two mounted divisions of four brigades each (ANZAC and Imperial Mounted Divisions) to three mounted divisions of three brigades each (ANZAC, Australian – Imperial Mounted Division renamed – and the new Yeomanry Mounted Division).[17] Consequently, the 22nd Mounted Brigade was transferred from the ANZAC to the Yeomanry Mounted Division on 6 July 1917. With a reduction to three brigades, there was a corresponding reduction in the artillery to three batteries. The Leicestershire Battery departed on 20 June to join XX Brigade, RHA (T.F.) in the Yeomanry Mounted Division.[13][b]

This led to a reorganization of ANZAC Mounted Division's artillery. A new headquarters, XVIII Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.), was formed for the division and took command of the Somerset Battery and Inverness-shire and Ayrshire Batteries of IV Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.).[13][c] Somerset RHA was now attached to the 1st Light Horse Brigade.[19] The batteries were still equipped with 18 pounders when the new brigade was organised[20] but were re-equipped with 13 pounders (four per battery) in time for the Third Battle of Gaza at the end of October 1917.[21]

The brigade, and its batteries, remained with the ANZAC Mounted Division for the rest of the Sinai and Palestine Campaign. As part of the Desert Mounted Corps, the division took part in the Third Battle of Gaza, in particular the Capture of Beersheba (31 October) and the Battle of Mughar Ridge (13 and 14 November), and the defence of Jerusalem against the Turkish counter-attacks (27 November – 3 December).[15]

At the beginning of 1918, the division was attached to XX Corps and helped to capture Jericho (19 – 21 February) and then formed part of Shea's Force for the First Trans-Jordan Raid (21 March – 2 April). It returned to the Desert Mounted Corps for the Second Trans-Jordan Raid (30 April – 4 May), the Battle of Abu Tellul (14 July) and the capture of Amman (25 September).[15]

After the Armistice of Mudros, the division was withdrawn to Egypt. The Australian brigades departed for home in March and April 1919 and the New Zealanders by the end of July.[15] The brigade was broken up some time after April 1919.[12]

2/1st Somerset

[edit]
2/1st Somerset RHA (T.F.)
Active1914 – April 1919
Country United Kingdom
Branch British Army
TypeArtillery
SizeBattery
Part of2/2nd South Western Mounted Brigade
CCCXVIII Brigade, RFA (T.F.)
CCXXIII Brigade, RFA (T.F.)
EquipmentOrdnance QF 15-pounder
Ordnance QF 18-pounder
EngagementsFirst World War
Western Front
Battle of the Ancre
Battle of Arras (1917)
Third Battle of Ypres
First Battles of the Somme
Battle of Albert (1918)
Battle of Drocourt-Quéant Line
Battle of the Canal du Nord
Battle of Cambrai (1918)

Somerset RHA formed a 2nd line in 1914, initially designated as the Somerset (Reserve) Battery RHA[22] and later given a fractional designation as 2/1st Somerset Battery, RHA.[6] 2/2nd South Western Mounted Brigade was formed in January 1915.[10]

The pre-war Territorial Force infantry divisions were generally[d] supported by four field artillery brigades.[e] These were numbered I, II, III and IV within each division and consisted of three gun brigades (each of three batteries, equipped with four 15-pounder guns) and a howitzer brigade (two batteries of four 5" howitzers).[4] Artillery for 2nd Line divisions were formed in a similar manner, with a fractional designation, for example the artillery for the 63rd (2nd Northumberland) Division consisted of 2/I Northumberland Brigade, RFA (with 2/1st, 2/2nd and 2/3rd Northumberland Batteries, RFA), 2/II Northumberland Brigade, RFA (with 2/1st, 2/2nd and 2/3rd East Riding Batteries, RFA), 2/III Northumberland Brigade, RFA (with 2/1st, 2/2nd and 2/3rd Durham Batteries, RFA) and 2/IV Northumberland (Howitzer) Brigade, RFA (with 2/4th and 2/5th Durham (Howitzer) Batteries, RFA).[25]

Between 8 and 22 May 1916, the artillery of 63rd (2nd Northumberland) Division was reorganized. The brigades were numbered (CCCXV, CCCXVI, CCCXVII, and CCCXVIII) and the batteries lettered (so 2/1st Northumberland Battery became A Battery, CCCXV Brigade). The howitzer batteries of CCCXVIII Brigade were transferred to CCCXV and CCCXVI brigades and the brigade was reformed with three gun batteries.[25] 2/1st Leicestershire RHA joined as A Battery[26] and 2/1st Somerset RHA as B Battery.[27] The batteries each consisted of four 18 pounders.[28]

On 2 July 1916, the 63rd (2nd Northumberland) Division's artillery left for France where it joined the Royal Naval Division.[25][f] On 18 July, A (Howitzer) Battery of XXCCIII Brigade (formerly 1/4th Kent (Howitzer) Battery of 1/IV Home Counties (Howitzer) Brigade[31]) joined the brigade as D (Howitzer) Battery. With the breakup of XXCCIII Brigade, CCCXVIII Brigade was redesignated XXCCIII Brigade on 31 July. On 31 August, the batteries of the brigade were made up to 6 guns apiece and the battery now consisted of six 18 pounders.[28]

The battery, and the brigade, served with 63rd (Royal Naval) Division for the rest of the war on the Western Front. With the division, it took part in the Battle of the Ancre (13 – 15 November 1916), Operations on the Ancre (20 January – 27 February 1917) and Battle of Miraumont (17 and 18 February). It then took part in the Battles of Arras, notably the Second Battle of the Scarpe (23 and 24 April) and the Battle of Arleux (28 and 29 April). At the end of 1917, it took part in the Third Battle of Ypres notably the Second Battle of Passchendaele (26 October – 5 November) and Welch Ridge (30 and 31 December).[30]

In 1918, the division faced the German offensive in the First Battles of the Somme: Battle of St. Quentin (21 – 23 March), First Battle of Bapaume (24 and 25 March), and the Battle of the Ancre (5 April). Then followed the advance to victory: the Battle of Albert (21 – 23 August), Battle of Drocourt-Quéant Line (2 and 3 September), Battle of the Canal du Nord (27 September – 1 October), Battle of Cambrai and Capture of Niergnies (both on 8 October) and the Passage of the Grande Honnelle (7 November).[32]

At the Armistice, the battery (six 18 pounders) was still with CCXXIII Brigade, RFA serving with 63rd (Royal Naval) Division.[33] The division did was not selected to form part of the Army of Occupation and by April 1919 it had been disbanded.[32]

Post war

[edit]

The Somerset Royal Horse Artillery was not reconstituted in the Territorial Force in 1920.[34]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ IV Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.) was formed at the same time with Ayrshire Battery, RHA (T.F.) and Inverness-shire Battery, RHA (T.F.).[12]
  2. ^ 22nd Mounted Brigade was originally designated as the North Midland Mounted Brigade. Leicestershire RHA had been formed in 1908 for this brigade[18] and was mobilised with it in 1914.[4]
  3. ^ Frederick makes clear that XVIII Brigade was distinct from III and IV Brigades and was not either one redesignated.[12]
  4. ^ 51st (Highland) Division was exceptional in that it had three field and one mountain artillery brigade.
  5. ^ The basic organic unit of the Royal Artillery was, and is, the Battery.[23] When grouped together they formed brigades, in the same way that infantry battalions or cavalry regiments were grouped together in brigades. At the outbreak of the First World War, a field artillery brigade of headquarters (4 officers, 37 other ranks), three batteries (5 and 193 each), and a brigade ammunition column (4 and 154)[24] had a total strength just under 800 so was broadly comparable to an infantry battalion (just over 1,000) or a cavalry regiment (about 550). Like an infantry battalion, an artillery brigade was usually commanded by a Lieutenant-Colonel. Artillery brigades were redesignated as regiments in 1938. Note that the battery strength refers to a battery of six guns; a four-gun battery would be about two thirds of this.
  6. ^ The 63rd (2nd Northumberland) Division was broken up on 21 July 1916[29] and the Royal Naval Division immediately adopted its number as 63rd (Royal Naval) Division.[30]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Westlake 1992, p. 3
  2. ^ Westlake 1992, p. 5
  3. ^ Frederick 1984, p. 674
  4. ^ a b c Conrad, Mark (1996). "The British Army, 1914". Retrieved 27 November 2013.
  5. ^ Clarke 2004, p. 23
  6. ^ a b c Baker, Chris. "The Royal Horse Artillery". The Long, Long Trail. Retrieved 27 November 2013.
  7. ^ Conrad, Mark (1996). "The British Army, 1914".
  8. ^ Rinaldi 2008, p. 60
  9. ^ James 1978, p. 36
  10. ^ a b James 1978, pp. 17, 18, 28
  11. ^ "Essex RHA (TF)". The Great War Forum. 15 June 2011. Retrieved 24 December 2013.
  12. ^ a b c d Frederick 1984, p. 449
  13. ^ a b c Perry 1992, p. 51
  14. ^ "2nd Australian Light Horse Brigade". Australian Light Horse Studies Centre. 9 October 2009. Retrieved 18 December 2013.
  15. ^ a b c d e f Perry 1992, p. 52
  16. ^ Farndale 1988, p. 83
  17. ^ Becke 1936, p. 34
  18. ^ Frederick 1984, p. 673
  19. ^ "1st Australian Light Horse Brigade". Australian Light Horse Studies Centre. 10 November 2009. Retrieved 18 December 2013.
  20. ^ Farndale 1988, p. 90
  21. ^ Farndale 1988, p. 95
  22. ^ Rinaldi 2008, p. 242
  23. ^ "The Royal Artillery". Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom). Retrieved 18 November 2013.
  24. ^ Baker, Chris. "What was an artillery brigade?". The Long, Long Trail. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
  25. ^ a b c Becke 1937, p. 53
  26. ^ Becke 1936, p. 6
  27. ^ "Leicestershire Battery RHA (TF)". Great War Forum. 19 November 2010. Retrieved 26 December 2013.
  28. ^ a b Becke 1945, p. 123
  29. ^ Becke 1937, p. 52
  30. ^ a b Becke 1945, p. 127
  31. ^ Becke 1945, p. 120
  32. ^ a b Becke 1945, p. 128
  33. ^ BEF GHQ 1918, p. 62
  34. ^ Frederick 1984, p. 686

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Becke, Major A.F. (1936). Order of Battle of Divisions Part 2A. The Territorial Force Mounted Divisions and the 1st-Line Territorial Force Divisions (42–56). London: His Majesty's Stationery Office. ISBN 1-871167-12-4.
  • Becke, Major A.F. (1937). Order of Battle of Divisions Part 2B. The 2nd-Line Territorial Force Divisions (57th–69th) with The Home-Service Divisions (71st–73rd) and 74th and 75th Divisions. London: His Majesty's Stationery Office. ISBN 1-871167-00-0.
  • Becke, Major A.F. (1945). Order of Battle of Divisions Part 3B. New Army Divisions (30–41) & 63rd (RN) Division. London: His Majesty's Stationery Office. ISBN 1-871167-08-6.
  • Clarke, Dale (2004). British Artillery 1914–19 Field Army Artillery. Vol. 94 of New Vanguard Series. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-84176-688-7.
  • Farndale, General Sir Martin (1988). The Forgotten Fronts and the Home Base, 1914–18. History of the Royal Regiment of Artillery. Woolwich: The Royal Artillery Institution. ISBN 1-870114-05-1.
  • Frederick, J.B.M. (1984). Lineage Book of British Land Forces 1660–1978. Wakefield, Yorkshire: Microform Academic Publishers. ISBN 1-85117-009-X.
  • James, Brigadier E.A. (1978). British Regiments 1914–18. London: Samson Books Limited. ISBN 0-906304-03-2.
  • Perry, F.W. (1992). Order of Battle of Divisions Part 5A. The Divisions of Australia, Canada and New Zealand and those in East Africa. Newport: Ray Westlake Military Books. ISBN 1-871167-25-6.
  • Rinaldi, Richard A (2008). Order of Battle of the British Army 1914. Ravi Rikhye. ISBN 978-0-97760728-0.
  • Westlake, Ray (1992). British Territorial Units 1914–18. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-85532-168-7.
  • Order of Battle of the British Armies in France, November 11th, 1918. France: General Staff, GHQ. 1918.
[edit]
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