Chinese goral: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Species of mammal}} |
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{{underlinked|date=May 2013}} |
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{{Speciesbox |
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{{Taxobox |
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| name = Chinese |
| name = Chinese goral |
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| status = VU |
| status = VU |
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| status_system = IUCN3.1 |
| status_system = IUCN3.1 |
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| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{ |
| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{Cite iucn | author = Duckworth, J.W. | author2 = Steinmetz, R. | author3 = Rattanawat, Chaiyarat | title = ''Naemorhedus griseus'' | volume = 2008 | page = e.T14303A4430834 | date = 2008 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T14303A4430834.en | access-date = 11 January 2018 }}{{Dead link|date=November 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> |
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| status2 = CITES_A1 |
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| status2_system = CITES |
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| status2_ref = <ref>{{Cite web|title=Appendices {{!}} CITES|url=https://cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php|access-date=2022-01-14|website=cites.org}}</ref> |
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| image = Nemorhaeduscaudatusarnouxianus2.JPG |
| image = Nemorhaeduscaudatusarnouxianus2.JPG |
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| image_caption = Chinese goral with kid |
| image_caption = Chinese goral with kid |
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| genus = Naemorhedus |
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| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]] |
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| authority = [[Alphonse Milne-Edwards|A. Milne-Edwards]], 1871<ref name=msw3>{{MSW3 Artiodactyla | id = 14200807 | page = 706}}</ref> |
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| classis = [[Mammal]]ia |
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| ordo = [[Artiodactyla]] |
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| range_map_caption = Distribution of Chinese goral |
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| familia = [[Bovidae]] |
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| genus = ''[[Naemorhedus]]'' |
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| binomial_authority = [[Milne-Edwards]], 1871 |
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The '''Chinese goral''' (''Naemorhedus griseus'') is one of the 4 species of [[goral]] of the genus ''[[Naemorhedus]]''. These 4 species include the [[Himalayan Goral]], the [[Long Tailed Goral]], the Red Goral and the Chinese Goral. Their Latin name Naemorhedus Griseus means little grizzled grove goat .Gorals may have evolved from the serow or both could share a common ancestor. Gorals or closely related genera appeared in the Pliocene around 7 to 2 million years ago, earlier than other Caprinae, during the following Pleistocene goat antelopes migrated from central Asia and evolved into their present forms. Studies indicate gorals appeared after the islands of Taiwan and Japan separated from the Asian continent so as a result serows but not gorals are present today in Japan and Taiwan. Gorals are halfway between pure antelope and halfway between pure goat and sheep. They have a stockier build and larger broader hooves compared to those of antelope. Female gorals have 4 teats while sheep and goat only have 2 that are functional. Their horns are short, sharp and pointing backward with small irregular ridges. Gorals have short wooly undercoats and long coarse erect guard hairs. Coloration varies by their range from light gray to dark brown or foxy red with a white throat, a black stripe on the foreleg and a dark stripe along the middle of the back. Their long stocky legs are well adapted to their cliff home as they are quite adept at climbing and jumping. Preorbital glands are missing which further distingushes them from sheep and goat as sheep and goat species carry preorbital glands, to compensate for this, gorals do have suborbital glands which the position is marked by an almost completly naked patch of skin. All Caprinae are threanted by overhunting for sport and meat, the most common hunting method is using hunting dogs which further excite the goral and the overexcitment can cause damage to the heart and lungs. Also the mountain enviorment in which is very fragile and has become fragmented. |
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The '''Chinese goral''' ('''''Naemorhedus griseus'''''), also known as the '''grey long-tailed goral''' or '''central Chinese goral''', is a species of [[goral]], a small goat-like [[ungulate]], native to mountainous regions of [[Myanmar]], [[China]], [[India]], [[Thailand]], [[Vietnam]], and possibly [[Laos]]. In some parts of its range, it is overhunted. The [[International Union for Conservation of Nature]] has listed it as a "[[vulnerable species]]". |
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==Description== |
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The Chinese goral is intermediate between an [[antelope]] and a [[goat]] and grows to a shoulder height of {{convert|50|to|78|cm|0|abbr=on}} and length of {{convert|82|to|130|cm|0|abbr=on}}. It is stockily built with long, stout limbs and broad hooves. The horns are short and conical and the ears fairly long and pointed. The four teats are in contrast to sheep and goats which normally have two. The coat consists of a short, dense under layer and an upper layer of longer, semierect, coarse guard hairs. The colour is somewhat variable, ranging from pale grey to dark brown or reddish brown. A dark stripe runs along the back and the throat and underparts are pale.<ref name=zoo>{{cite web |url=http://www.zoo.org/page.aspx?pid=1870 |title=Chinese goral |publisher=Woodland Park Zoo |access-date=2014-09-16}}</ref> |
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{{reflist}} |
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* [http://www.bucknell.edu/msw3/browse.asp?id=14200807 ''Chinese Goral''] on Mammal Species of the World |
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==Distribution and habitat== |
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The Chinese goral is native to parts of southeastern Asia. Its range extends from northeastern India, Myanmar and northwestern Thailand, through northern Vietnam and possibly northern Laos, to most of China apart from the extreme north and west. It is a mountain species and is found in rugged, inaccessible areas, on steep slopes and plateaus, normally staying in rocky areas, but sometimes venturing into nearby evergreen-deciduous forest and mixed woodland.<ref name=iucn/> |
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==Behaviour== |
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Chinese gorals live in small groups of up to 12 individuals, though older males are usually solitary. They are wary and retiring, spending their time on high rocky slopes where they can evade such predators as the [[wolf]] and [[leopard]]. They move to lower ground in winter. They [[Browsing (herbivory)|browse]] predominantly on twigs and leaves of bushes, but also consume grass, nuts, and acorns. Breeding takes place in late spring when one or two [[Goat|kids]] are born after a [[gestation]] period of about 215 days. The young can walk soon after birth and are weaned in the autumn, remaining with the mother throughout the winter.<ref name=zoo/> |
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==Status== |
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The chief threat faced by the Chinese goral is hunting. Animals are killed for their meat and fur and also for medicine. Part of their range is in protected areas where they should be safe, but elsewhere populations are declining. This is thought to be due to overhunting, and the [[International Union for Conservation of Nature]] has assessed the Chinese goral as being a "[[vulnerable species]]".<ref name=iucn/> |
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== References == |
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{{Commons category|Naemorhedus griseus}} |
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{{Reflist}}{{Artiodactyla}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q1074195}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:Mammals of Myanmar]] |
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{{eventoedungulate-stub}} |
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[[Category:Mammals of China]] |
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[[Category:Mammals of Thailand]] |
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[[Category:Mammals of Vietnam]] |
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[[Category:Caprids]] |
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[[Category:Mammals described in 1874]] |
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[[Category:Taxobox binomials not recognized by IUCN]] <!-- Naemorhedus griseus --> |
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Latest revision as of 03:55, 14 February 2024
| Chinese goral | |
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| Chinese goral with kid | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Artiodactyla |
| Family: | Bovidae |
| Subfamily: | Caprinae |
| Genus: | Naemorhedus |
| Species: | N. griseus
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| Binomial name | |
| Naemorhedus griseus A. Milne-Edwards, 1871[3]
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| Distribution of Chinese goral | |
The Chinese goral (Naemorhedus griseus), also known as the grey long-tailed goral or central Chinese goral, is a species of goral, a small goat-like ungulate, native to mountainous regions of Myanmar, China, India, Thailand, Vietnam, and possibly Laos. In some parts of its range, it is overhunted. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has listed it as a "vulnerable species".
Description
[edit]The Chinese goral is intermediate between an antelope and a goat and grows to a shoulder height of 50 to 78 cm (20 to 31 in) and length of 82 to 130 cm (32 to 51 in). It is stockily built with long, stout limbs and broad hooves. The horns are short and conical and the ears fairly long and pointed. The four teats are in contrast to sheep and goats which normally have two. The coat consists of a short, dense under layer and an upper layer of longer, semierect, coarse guard hairs. The colour is somewhat variable, ranging from pale grey to dark brown or reddish brown. A dark stripe runs along the back and the throat and underparts are pale.[4]
Distribution and habitat
[edit]The Chinese goral is native to parts of southeastern Asia. Its range extends from northeastern India, Myanmar and northwestern Thailand, through northern Vietnam and possibly northern Laos, to most of China apart from the extreme north and west. It is a mountain species and is found in rugged, inaccessible areas, on steep slopes and plateaus, normally staying in rocky areas, but sometimes venturing into nearby evergreen-deciduous forest and mixed woodland.[1]
Behaviour
[edit]Chinese gorals live in small groups of up to 12 individuals, though older males are usually solitary. They are wary and retiring, spending their time on high rocky slopes where they can evade such predators as the wolf and leopard. They move to lower ground in winter. They browse predominantly on twigs and leaves of bushes, but also consume grass, nuts, and acorns. Breeding takes place in late spring when one or two kids are born after a gestation period of about 215 days. The young can walk soon after birth and are weaned in the autumn, remaining with the mother throughout the winter.[4]
Status
[edit]The chief threat faced by the Chinese goral is hunting. Animals are killed for their meat and fur and also for medicine. Part of their range is in protected areas where they should be safe, but elsewhere populations are declining. This is thought to be due to overhunting, and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed the Chinese goral as being a "vulnerable species".[1]
References
[edit]
- ^ a b c Duckworth, J.W.; Steinmetz, R.; Rattanawat, Chaiyarat (2008). "Naemorhedus griseus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T14303A4430834. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T14303A4430834.en. Retrieved 11 January 2018.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
- ^ Grubb, P. (2005). "Order Artiodactyla". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 706. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
- ^ a b "Chinese goral". Woodland Park Zoo. Retrieved 2014-09-16.
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