Nastic movements: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Undirected movement in response to external stimuli}} |
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{{For|the Spanish football team|Gimnàstic de Tarragona}} |
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{{Redirect|Nastic}} |
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[[File:Oxalis Triangularis Photonasty Timelapse.ogv|thumb|right|300px|Photonastic movement of ''[[Oxalis triangularis]]'' in response to light. At lowered light levels the leaves fold down; timelapse recorded at ~750x actual speed and covering a 1.5 hr period of time.]] |
[[File:Oxalis Triangularis Photonasty Timelapse.ogv|thumb|right|300px|Photonastic movement of ''[[Oxalis triangularis]]'' in response to light. At lowered light levels the leaves fold down; timelapse recorded at ~750x actual speed and covering a 1.5 hr period of time.]] |
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In [[biology]], '''nastic movements''' are non-directional responses to [[stimulus (physiology)|stimuli]] (e.g. [[temperature]], [[humidity]], light [[irradiance]]) that occur more rapidly than [[tropism]]s and are usually associated with [[plant]]s. The movement can be due to changes in [[turgor]] (internal pressure within [[plant cells]]). Decrease in turgor pressure causes shrinkage, while increase in turgor pressure brings about swelling. Nastic movements differ from [[Tropism|tropic movements]] in that the direction of tropic responses depends on the direction of the stimulus, whereas the direction of nastic movements is independent of the stimulus's position. The tropic movement is growth movement but nastic movement may or may not be growth movement. The rate or [[frequency]] of these responses increases as intensity of the stimulus increases. An example of such a response is the opening and closing of [[flower]]s (photonastic response), movement of [[euglena]], [[chlamydomonas]] towards the source of light {{Citation needed|date=April 2023}}. They are named with the suffix "-nasty" and have prefixes that depend on the stimuli: |
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* Epinasty: downward-bending from growth at the top, for example, the bending down of a heavy flower.<ref>[http://botanydictionary.org/epinasty.html epinasty |
* Epinasty: downward-bending from growth at the top, for example, the bending down of a heavy flower.<ref>[http://botanydictionary.org/epinasty.html epinasty – Dictionary of botany<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |
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* [[Hyponastic response|Hyponasty]] |
* [[Hyponastic response|Hyponasty]]: upward bending of leaves from growth in the [[Petiole (botany)|petiole]] (leaf stalk) |
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* Photonasty: response to light |
* Photonasty: response to light |
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* [[Nyctinasty]]: movements at night or in the dark |
* [[Nyctinasty]]: movements at night or in the dark |
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* Chemonasty: response to chemicals or nutrients |
* Chemonasty: response to chemicals or nutrients |
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* Hydronasty: response to water |
* Hydronasty: response to water |
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* [[Thermonasty]]: response to temperature |
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* Seismonasty: response to shock |
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| ⚫ | * |
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* Geonasty/gravinasty: response to gravity |
* Geonasty/gravinasty: response to gravity |
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* [[Thigmonasty]]/seismonasty/haptonasty: response to contact |
* [[Thigmonasty]]/seismonasty/haptonasty: response to contact |
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The suffix may come from Greek νάσσω = |
The suffix may come from Greek νάσσω = 'I press', ναστός = 'pressed', ἐπιναστια = 'the condition of being pressed upon'. |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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Latest revision as of 22:46, 17 February 2024
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2009) |
In biology, nastic movements are non-directional responses to stimuli (e.g. temperature, humidity, light irradiance) that occur more rapidly than tropisms and are usually associated with plants. The movement can be due to changes in turgor (internal pressure within plant cells). Decrease in turgor pressure causes shrinkage, while increase in turgor pressure brings about swelling. Nastic movements differ from tropic movements in that the direction of tropic responses depends on the direction of the stimulus, whereas the direction of nastic movements is independent of the stimulus's position. The tropic movement is growth movement but nastic movement may or may not be growth movement. The rate or frequency of these responses increases as intensity of the stimulus increases. An example of such a response is the opening and closing of flowers (photonastic response), movement of euglena, chlamydomonas towards the source of light [citation needed]. They are named with the suffix "-nasty" and have prefixes that depend on the stimuli:
- Epinasty: downward-bending from growth at the top, for example, the bending down of a heavy flower.[1]
- Hyponasty: upward bending of leaves from growth in the petiole (leaf stalk)
- Photonasty: response to light
- Nyctinasty: movements at night or in the dark
- Chemonasty: response to chemicals or nutrients
- Hydronasty: response to water
- Thermonasty: response to temperature[2]
- Seismonasty: response to shock
- Geonasty/gravinasty: response to gravity
- Thigmonasty/seismonasty/haptonasty: response to contact
The suffix may come from Greek νάσσω = 'I press', ναστός = 'pressed', ἐπιναστια = 'the condition of being pressed upon'.
See also
[edit]For other types of movement, see:
References
[edit]- ^ epinasty – Dictionary of botany
- ^ Wood, W. M. L. (1953-01-01). "Thermonasty in Tulip and Crocus Flowers". Journal of Experimental Botany. 4 (1): 65–77. doi:10.1093/jxb/4.1.65. ISSN 0022-0957.
External links
[edit]
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