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{{Short description|Californian species of western cypress tree}}
{{Taxobox
{{Speciesbox
| image = Cupressus sargentii.jpg
| image = Cupressus sargentii.jpg
| image_caption =
⚫
| status = LR/lc | status_system = IUCN2.3
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| status = VU
⚫
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| divisio = [[Pinophyta]]
| status_ref=<ref name="iucn status 15 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Farjon, A. |date=2013 |title=''Cupressus sargentii'' |volume=2013 |page=e.T42258A2967745 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42258A2967745.en |access-date=15 November 2021}}</ref>
| classis = [[Pinophyta|Pinopsida]]
| ordo = [[Pinales]]
| status2 = G4
| status2_system = TNC
⚫
| familia = [[Cupressaceae]]
| status2_ref = <ref name="NatureServe">{{cite web |last1=NatureServe |title=''Cupressus sargentii'' |url=https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.130652/Cupressus_sargentii |access-date=15 February 2024 |location=Arlington, Virginia |date=2024}}</ref>
| genus = ''[[Cupressus]]''
| genus = Hesperocyparis
| species = '''''C. sargentii'''''
| binomial = ''Cupressus sargentii''
| species = sargentii
| binomial_authority = [[Willis Linn Jepson|Jeps.]]
| authority = ([[Jeps.]]) Bartel (2009)
| synonyms_ref = <ref name="POWO">{{cite POWO |id=60451563-2 |title=''Hesperocyparis sargentii'' (Jeps.) Bartel |access-date=15 February 2024}}</ref>
| synonyms =
| synonyms = {{Species list
⚫
|range_map = Cupressus sargentii range map.png
| Callitropsis sargentii | (Jeps.) D.P.Little (2006)
⚫
|range_map_caption = Natural range
| Cupressus sargentii | Jeps. (1909)
| Cupressus sargentii var. duttonii | Jeps. (1923)
| Neocupressus sargentii | (Jeps.) de Laub. (2009)
}}
⚫
|range_map = Cupressus sargentii range map 1.png
|range_map2 = Cupressus sargentii range map 4.png
⚫
|range_map2_caption = Natural range
}}
}}


'''''Cupressus sargentii''''' is a species of [[conifer]] in the [[Cupressaceae]] family known by the common name '''Sargent's cypress'''. It is [[Endemism|endemic]] to [[California]], where it is known from Mendocino county southwards to Santa Barbara county. This taxon is limited to the Coast Range mountains. Like [[Cupressus macnabiana|Mcnab Cypress]], it is one of the most widespread of the California [[Cupressus|Cypresses]]. It grows in [[temperate coniferous forest|forests]] with other conifers, as well as [[chaparral]] and other local mountain habitat, usually in pure stands on [[serpentine soil]]s. It generally grows 10 to 15 meters tall, but it is known to exceed 22 meters. On Carson Ridge in Marin County, as well as Hood Mountain in Sonoma County, the species comprises a pygmy forest of trees which do not attain heights greater than 8-12 feet due to high serpentine concentrations in the soil. <ref name=biohere>[http://www.biohere.com/natural_areas/california/Sonoma_County/hood_mountain_park.php]</ref>
'''''Hesperocyparis sargentii''''' is a species of [[conifer]] in the family [[Cupressaceae]] known by the common name '''Sargent's cypress'''. It is [[Endemism|endemic]] to [[California]], where it is known from [[Mendocino County]] southwards to [[Santa Barbara County]]. This taxon is limited to the [[Coast Ranges (California)|Coast Range]] mountains. It grows in [[temperate coniferous forest|forests]] with other conifers, as well as [[chaparral]] and other local mountain habitat, usually in pure stands on [[serpentine soil]]s. It generally grows 10 to 15 meters (33–50 feet) tall, but it is known to exceed 22 meters (73 feet). On Carson Ridge in [[Marin County]], as well as [[Hood Mountain]] in [[Sonoma County]], the species comprises a pygmy forest of trees which do not attain heights greater than 240–360&nbsp;cm (8–12 feet) due to high mineral concentrations in the [[serpentine soil]].<ref name=biohere>[http://www.biohere.com/natural_areas/california/Sonoma_County/hood_mountain_park.php Biohere, Hood Mountain Park]</ref>
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:Cupressus sargentii Hood Mountain.JPG|left|thumb|Trunk of Sargent Cypress in Pygmy forest on Hood Mountain Sonoma County {{deletable image-caption}}]] -->


One notable population occurs in the Cedar Mountain Ridge area of Eastern Alameda County. According to Carl Wolf, who extensively studied the New World Cypress in the 1930s and 1940s, seed from the Cedar Mountain stand of ''Cupressus sargentii'' produced the most vigorous seedlings. Many other rare plants are known from the large expanse of serpentine soils found in the Cedar Mountain area.
One notable population occurs in the Cedar Mountain Ridge area of Eastern [[Alameda County]]. According to Carl Wolf, who extensively studied the New World Cypress in the 1930s and 1940s, seed from the Cedar Mountain stand of ''Cupressus sargentii'' produced the most vigorous seedlings.


Like many of the New World [[Cupressaceae]], Sargent Cypress usually reproduces with the aid of wildfire, which cause an opening of the cones and exposure of bare mineral soil for seedling germination, though occasionally seeds will fall and germinate without fire, though such seems to be the exception rather than the rule. It is often the case that many trees in a particular stand will all be the same age, so that a sort of stratification occurs of different colonies all of the same age. Sargent Cypress can begin producing cones as early as five or six years of age. <ref>Wolf, C. B. & Wagener, W. E. (1948). The New World cypresses. ''El Aliso'' 1: 195-205. </ref>
Like many of the New World [[Cupressaceae]], Sargent cypress usually reproduces with the aid of wildfire, which cause an opening of the cones and exposure of bare mineral soil for seedling germination, though occasionally seeds will fall and germinate without fire, though such seems to be the exception rather than the rule. It is often the case that many trees in a particular stand will all be the same age, so that a sort of stratification occurs of different colonies all of the same age. Sargent cypress can begin producing cones as early as five or six years of age.<ref>Wolf, C. B. & Wagener, W. E. (1948). The New World cypresses. ''El Aliso'' 1: 195-205.</ref>

==Taxonomy==
''Hesperocyparis sargentii'' was scientifically described by the botanist [[Willis Linn Jepson]] in 1909 and given the name ''Cupressus sargentii''.<ref name="POWO" /> He found the [[Type (biology)|type specimen]] in the [[Mayacamas Mountains]] in northern California.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Jepson |first1=Willis Linn |title=A Flora of California |date=1909 |publisher=Cunningham, Curtis & Welch |location=San Francisco, California |page=61 |url=https://archive.org/details/floraofcaliforni01jeps/page/61 |access-date=16 February 2024}}</ref> Jepson also identified a [[Variety (botany)|variety]] of the species, var. ''duttonii'', in 1923, but this has not become widely accepted.<ref name="POWO" /> For almost 100 year the status of the species was not disturbed until in 2006 the first of several proposals to move it to, ''Callitropsis'' alongside ''[[Callitropsis nootkatensis]]''. Further research lead to two proposals to move it to a new genus for new world species of cypress, ''Neocupressus'' and ''[[Hesperocyparis]]''.<ref name="POWO" /> {{As of|2024}} ''Hesperocyparis sargentii'' is considered to be the correct classification by [[Plants of the World Online]],<ref name="POWO" /> [[World Flora Online]],<ref>{{Cite WFO |title=''Hesperocyparis sargentii'' (Jeps.) Bartel |id=0000912979 |access-date=16 February 2024}}</ref> and the USDA [[Natural Resources Conservation Service]] PLANTS database.<ref name="USDA">{{cite usda plants|symbol=HESA17 |title=Hesperocyparis sargentii |date=16 February 2024}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==Further reading==
==Further reading==
*[http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/tree/cupsar/all.html Forest Service Fire Ecology]
* Conifer Specialist Group 1998. [http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/details.php/42258/all Cupressus sargentii]. [http://www.iucnredlist.org 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. ] Downloaded on 10 July 2007.
*Wolf, C. B. & Wagener, W. E. (1948). The New World cypresses. ''El Aliso'' 1: 195–205.


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons-inline|Cupressus sargentii|''Cupressus sargentii''}}
{{Commons category|Cupressus sargentii|position=left}}
*[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?157,160,174 Jepson Manual Treatment]
*[http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?157,160,174 Jepson Manual Treatment of ''Cupressus sargentii'']
*[http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=CUSA3 USDA Plants Profile]
*[http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=CUSA3 USDA Plants Profile for ''Cupressus sargentii'']
*[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=233500461 Flora of North America]
*[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=233500461 Flora of North America]
*[http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?query_src=photos_index&where-taxon=Cupressus+sargentii Photo gallery]
*[http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/cgi/img_query?query_src=photos_index&where-taxon=Cupressus+sargentii UC CalPhotos gallery]

⚫
{{Cupressaceae}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q288373}}


[[Category:Cupressus|sargentii]]
[[Category:Hesperocyparis|sargentii]]
[[Category:Endemic flora of California]]
[[Category:Endemic flora of California]]
[[Category:Trees of California]]
[[Category:Natural history of the California chaparral and woodlands]]
[[Category:Flora of California chaparral and woodlands]]
[[Category:Natural history of the California Coast Ranges]]
[[Category:Los Padres National Forest]]
[[Category:Trees of Northern America]]
[[Category:Least concern plants]]
[[Category:Los Padres National Forest|~]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1909]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1909]]
[[Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot]]

Latest revision as of 02:50, 24 February 2024

Hesperocyparis sargentii

Apparently Secure  (NatureServe)[2]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Gymnospermae
Division: Pinophyta
Class: Pinopsida
Order: Cupressales
Family: Cupressaceae
Genus: Hesperocyparis
Species:
H. sargentii
Binomial name
Hesperocyparis sargentii
(Jeps.) Bartel (2009)
Natural range
Synonyms[3]
  • Callitropsis sargentii (Jeps.) D.P.Little (2006)
  • Cupressus sargentii Jeps. (1909)
  • Cupressus sargentii var. duttonii Jeps. (1923)
  • Neocupressus sargentii (Jeps.) de Laub. (2009)

Hesperocyparis sargentii is a species of conifer in the family Cupressaceae known by the common name Sargent's cypress. It is endemic to California, where it is known from Mendocino County southwards to Santa Barbara County. This taxon is limited to the Coast Range mountains. It grows in forests with other conifers, as well as chaparral and other local mountain habitat, usually in pure stands on serpentine soils. It generally grows 10 to 15 meters (33–50 feet) tall, but it is known to exceed 22 meters (73 feet). On Carson Ridge in Marin County, as well as Hood Mountain in Sonoma County, the species comprises a pygmy forest of trees which do not attain heights greater than 240–360 cm (8–12 feet) due to high mineral concentrations in the serpentine soil.[4]

One notable population occurs in the Cedar Mountain Ridge area of Eastern Alameda County. According to Carl Wolf, who extensively studied the New World Cypress in the 1930s and 1940s, seed from the Cedar Mountain stand of Cupressus sargentii produced the most vigorous seedlings.

Like many of the New World Cupressaceae, Sargent cypress usually reproduces with the aid of wildfire, which cause an opening of the cones and exposure of bare mineral soil for seedling germination, though occasionally seeds will fall and germinate without fire, though such seems to be the exception rather than the rule. It is often the case that many trees in a particular stand will all be the same age, so that a sort of stratification occurs of different colonies all of the same age. Sargent cypress can begin producing cones as early as five or six years of age.[5]

Taxonomy

[edit]

Hesperocyparis sargentii was scientifically described by the botanist Willis Linn Jepson in 1909 and given the name Cupressus sargentii.[3] He found the type specimen in the Mayacamas Mountains in northern California.[6] Jepson also identified a variety of the species, var. duttonii, in 1923, but this has not become widely accepted.[3] For almost 100 year the status of the species was not disturbed until in 2006 the first of several proposals to move it to, Callitropsis alongside Callitropsis nootkatensis. Further research lead to two proposals to move it to a new genus for new world species of cypress, Neocupressus and Hesperocyparis.[3] As of 2024 Hesperocyparis sargentii is considered to be the correct classification by Plants of the World Online,[3] World Flora Online,[7] and the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS database.[8]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Farjon, A. (2013). "Cupressus sargentii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T42258A2967745. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42258A2967745.en. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  2. ^ NatureServe (2024). "Cupressus sargentii". Arlington, Virginia. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
  3. ^ a b c d e "Hesperocyparis sargentii (Jeps.) Bartel". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
  4. ^ Biohere, Hood Mountain Park
  5. ^ Wolf, C. B. & Wagener, W. E. (1948). The New World cypresses. El Aliso 1: 195-205.
  6. ^ Jepson, Willis Linn (1909). A Flora of California. San Francisco, California: Cunningham, Curtis & Welch. p. 61. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
  7. ^ "Hesperocyparis sargentii (Jeps.) Bartel". World Flora Online. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
  8. ^ NRCS (16 February 2024), "Hesperocyparis sargentii", PLANTS Database, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cupressus sargentii.
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